Derivation of Peak Time:

From System Response Slide 27,

with tan =

1 2

c(t ) = 1

e nt
1 2

sin( d t + ) ,

(1)

, or sin = 1 2 and cos = , and d =

1 2 .

Differentiating Equation (1) by parts,

c&(t ) =

e nt
1

e nt
n

1 2

{ d cos( d t + )} sin( d t + )
2

e nt
1 2

e nt
1 2 cos( d t + ) sin( d t + ) n

1 2

= n e nt cos( d t + )
sin( d t + )

1 2

(
= n e nt (cos( d t ) cos sin( d t ) sin )
sin( d t ) cos + cos( d t ) sin )

1 2

sin( d t ) + 1 2 cos( d t )
= n e nt cos( d t ) 1 2 sin( d t )

1 2

2 sin( d t )
= n e nt cos( d t ) 1 2 sin( d t )
cos( d t )

1 2

2 sin( d t )
= n e nt 1 2 sin( d t )

1 2
(1 2 ) + 2
= n e nt
sin( d t )

1 2

n e t
n

1 2

sin( d t )

Peak time tp, occurs when c&(t p ) =

ne

n t p

1 2

and t p =

sin( d t p ) = 0 , or sin( d t p ) = 0