Map 7 Aremorica

Compiled by P. Galliou, 1997 Introduction

The north-west of Gallia Lugdunensis has been investigated extensively over the past thirty years. Between them, aerial photography, rescue excavations and extensive ground-surveys have revealed thousands of Gallo-Roman sites, most of which are only recognizable as surface scatters of building materials and imported or native wares. This suggests that settlement densities were high in the most fertile parts of the area during the early Roman empire; by contrast, there was a sharp decline in the number of sites still occupied in the fourth and early fifth centuries A.D., for reasons so far not fully understood. This dramatic expansion in our knowledge of the pattern of Roman settlement has demanded a strictly selective approach to the compilation of the map. In general, only sites named in the ancient sources are marked, together with a small number of key settlements, either fully excavated or known to have acted as administrative, commercial and religious centers for their vicinity. These include civitas capitals, various nucleated settlements (vici), road stations, rural sanctuary complexes, and a small number of well-excavated villas and Roman forts, the latter belonging to the defensive network developed in the late third and early fourth centuries A.D. Much detailed information is summarized by TIR Condate, TIR Lutetia, and the CAG series. Few isolated rural sanctuariesof the type so common in neighboring regionshave so far been identified here. Small shrines (fana), however, are far from rare in the countryside or in vici, but are not marked (cf. de Vesly 1909). Vici, discovered in growing numbers in recent years, certainly served as centers for rural communities; some appear to have specialized in the manufacturing of various commodities, such as pottery (Landerneau), and fish sauces and preserves (Douarnenez). The minor sites devoted to this fish-salting industry (mostly concentrated on the west coast of the Osismii) are omitted. Recent surveys of imports have shown that a fair number of major Gallic settlements (oppida) had contacts with the Roman world prior to Caesars conquest. Those offering evidence of significant Roman settlementmostly in the form of late coastal refortification (as at Aletum and Ploulech)are marked. There is, however, no evidence that Augustan or Tiberian urban foundations in the area correspond to a shift from nearby hilltop defended sites to undefended locations in valleys; rather, all the civitas capitals of Aremorica appear to have been new foundations at previously unoccupied sites. The rural villa is one of the most commonest types of site in western Gaul. Though less dense on the ground than in Gallia Belgica, their sheer numbertogether with other small rural settlements so far unexploredprecludes any comprehensive mapping. Thus only a small selection of extensively excavated sites is shown, in order to confirm the presence of such characteristic settlement-types here; their plans have much in common with those analyzed by Agache and others in north-east Gaul. ItAnt and TabPeut provide only a skeletal image of the road network; much can be added, however, from information gathered by TIR and CAG. A clearer image thus emerges, showing the interrelation of civitas capitals, minor nucleated settlements and rural sites in a fully exploited landscape.

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MAP 7 AREMORICA

Directory
All place names are in France unless otherwise noted Abbreviations
CAG 14 CAG 29 CAG 35 CAG 50 CAG 53 CAG 61 CAG 76/1 TIR Condate TIR Lutetia F. Delacampagne, Carte archologique de la Gaule 14. Le Calvados, Paris, 1990 P. Galliou, Carte archologique de la Gaule 29. Le Finistre, Paris, 1989 A. Provost and G. Leroux, Carte archologique de la Gaule 35. LIlle-et-Vilaine, Paris, 1990 J. Pilet-Lemire and D. Levalet, Carte archologique de la Gaule 50. Manche, Paris, 1989 J. Naveau, Carte archologique de la Gaule 53. La Mayenne, Paris, 1992 P. Bernouis, Carte archologique de la Gaule 61. LOrne, Paris, 1999 I. Rogeret, Carte archologique de la Gaule 76/1. Seine-Maritime, Paris, 1997 Tabula Imperii Romani M 30, CondateGlevumLondiniumLutetia, London, 1983 Tabula Imperii Romani M 31, LutetiaAtuatucaUlpia Noviomagus, Paris, 1975

Names
Grid E2 D2 A1 C3 F2 D3 F3 F2 F3 E3 F2 F2 E1 E3 B2 D1 F2 G2 D3 E3 E3 E3 E3 E3 Name Abrincas = Ingena Alauna Aletum = Reginca Andium? Ins. Antiouestaion/ Bolerion Akron Ar(e)morica Aregenoua Araegenue Aregenoua fl. Argentan Augustodurum Baiocas Aulerci Baguer-Pican Baiocasses Bodiocasses Baron-sur-Odon Bolerion Akron = Antiouestaion Akron Brading Brteil Britannicum Mare Bucknowle Caen Caracoticum Caulnes La Chapelle-des-Fougeretz Chartres-de-Bretagne Chtillon-sur-Seiche Civitas Coriosolitum = Fanum Martis Combourg Condate Redonum Civitas Riedonum R(i)edones Constantia = Cosedia Coriallum Period RL Modern Name/ Location Valognes Jersey UKG UKG HRL RL L RL R?L HRL R HRL H?RL UKG R UKG RL RL RL RL RL RL R RL HRL RL Cherbourg TIR Condate 37; CAG 50.137 Harfleur Vieux Arguenon Bayeux Reference CAG 50.570 TIR Condate 61 See Map 8 RE TIR Condate 102; CAG 14.284 Ptol. 2.8.2 TIR Condate 20 TIR Condate 24; CAG 14.43 TIR Condate 21 CAG 35.86 TIR Condate 23 CAG 14.261 See Map 8 CAG 35.184 See Map 2 See Map 8 CAG 14.145 TIR Lutetia 100; CAG 76/1.341 TIR Condate 35; Langout 1988, 176-78 CAG 35.239 CAG 35.346 CAG 35.347 CAG 35.70 TIR Condate 84; CAG 35.234

Rennes

E2

MAP 7 AREMORICA Grid E2 E2 F3 A2 D1 B3 B1 D1 D3 G3 D3 E3 D1 B3 Name Cosedia/ Constantia Crouciaconnum Damblainville Damnonion/ Okrinon Akron Dewlish Douarnenez Dumnonii Durno(no)varia Erquy Exmes Fanum Martis/ Civitas Coriosolitum Coriosolitae Feins Frampton Gesocribate/ Osismis Osismii Holcombe Herios fl. Huelgoat Iffendic Ingena/ Abrincas Civitas Abrincatum Legedia Abrincatui Isca Jordon Hill Jou-du-Plain Landerneau Langonnet Lannion Lisia?/ Silia? Ins. Lor Magor Meduana? fl. Mondeville Montanel Morlaix Moulay Newport Noiodounon/ Nu Dionnum Noiodounon Diablintum Noviomagus Lexoviorum Nu Dionnum = Noiodounon The Nunnery Period RL/ L RL RL UKG UKG RL UKG UKG R R RL?/ RL HRL R RL/ L HRL Corseul Modern Name/ Location Coutances Carentan Reference TIR Condate 41; CAG 50.141 TIR Condate 34; CAG 50.115 TIR Condate 43 See Map 8 See Map 8 CAG 29.69 See Map 8 See Map 8 Grenier 1960, 811-13 TIR Condate 50; CAG 61.157 TIR Condate 41; Langout 1988, 99-117 TIR Condate 40 CAG 35.255 See Map 8 TIR Condate 31, 76-77; CAG 29.10

107

UKG Brest

C1 E3 C3 D3 E3

UKG H R R/ L L L HRL Avranches

See Map 8 See Map 14 CAG 29.90 CAG 35.187 TIR Condate 17, 22; CAG 50.1

C1 D1 F3 B3 C3 C3 D2 F3 A1 F3 F2 E3 C3 F3 E1 G3 F3 G3 D2

UKG UKG R HR R R Guernsey UKG RL UKG RL R RL? HR R/ L RL RL L UKG Ses Jublains Lisieux Alderney UKG

See Map 8 See Map 8 TIR Condate 61 CAG 29.97 TIR Condate 63; Pape 1978, A 197-99 Pape 1978, A 16-17 TIR Condate 56 TIR Condate 67 See Map 8 See Map 14 CAG 14.153 CAG 50.385 CAG 29.136 CAG 53.192 See Map 8 TIR Condate 93; CAG 61.464 TIR Condate 62; CAG 53.22 TIR Condate 65; CAG 14.368 TIR Condate 17-18

108 Grid G3 F3 B3 E3 D2 C3 B3 E2 D3 D2 B3 F2 D3 D3 B3 F3 E2 E3 D2 C1 B3 E3 D3 D3 B1 C3 E2 A3 E1 E2 F2 B3 C3 Name Oisseau-Le-Petit Okrinon Akron = Damnonion Akron Olina fl. Osismii Osismis = Gesocribate Pac Le Pinnacle Ploulech Pont-Croix Portbail Reginca/ Aletum Riduna Ins. La Roche-Maurice St-Aubin-sur-Mer St-Brandan St-Brieuc St-Frgant St-Gemmes-le-Robert St-L St-Mloir-des-Ondes St-Peter-Port Seaton Sena Ins. Samnis Ins. Silia? Ins. = Lisia? Ins. Sipia *Sulis Taden Tamaros fl. Titos fl. Tourlaville Uxantis Ins. Axanthos Ins. Vectis Ins. Venelli Unelli Viducasses Vorganium Vorgium HR HRL HRL HRL Period RL?

MAP 7 AREMORICA Modern Name/ Location Reference TIR Condate 76 Orne HRL R HR HRL RL HRL RL RL R R HRL L RL R HRL Alet en Saint-Malo Alderney Is. UKG TIR Condate 76 TIR Condate 76-77 CAG 35.236 TIR Condate 61 Jersey Cunliffe 1995 See Map 14 Numbered Villas 1 CAG 50.27 TIR Condate 48, 90; CAG 35.288 TIR Condate 17-18 CAG 29.189 CAG 14.233 Richard 1970; TIR Condate 88 Guennou 1981, 53-54 CAG 29.124 CAG 53.105 TIR Condate 89 CAG 35.44 Burns 1996 See Map 8 TIR Condate 60 CAG 35.126 ItMiller 115 TIR Condate 97; Langout 1985 See Map 8 Ptol. 2.8.2 CAG 50.593 TIR Condate 60 See Map 8 TIR Condate 100 TIR Condate 102 CAG 29.109 TIR Condate 34; CAG 29.18

UKG

UKG UKG Sein Visseiche / Seiche Pontivy? UKG Trieux

RL RL R R

Ushant UKG

Krilien-en-Plounventer Carhaix

Aqueducts
Grid C3 F2 Location Vorgium S Augustodurum Period R RL Reference CAG 29, 45 TIR Condate 61-62

MAP 7 AREMORICA

109

Mine / Quarry
Grid B1 D1 Location NE Magor S Bucknowle Material Sn Shale Reference See Map 8 See Map 8

Roads
Itinerary Abrincas N Aregenoua area Condate Redonum area Fanum Martis area Morlaix Fanum Martis Noiodounon Diablintum area Vorgium area Period RL RL RL RL RL RL RL Reference CAG 50 CAG 14, 21-23 Rouanet-Liesenfelt 1980, 71-79; CAG 35, 32-33 Langout 1988, 91-97 Galliou 1983, 45-57 Ledru 1911; CAG 53, 27-31 Pape 1978, 52-62; CAG 29, 28-29

Unlocated Toponym
Name Saliokanos Limen Period R Probable Location W coast of Finistre, possibly Porz-Liogan in Le Conqut Reference Ptol. 2.8.2; Galliou 1995

Bibliography
Burns 1996 B. Burns, H. Sebire and A. Burns, Excavations at Kings Road, St Peter Port 1980-83, in B. Burns, B. Cunliffe and H. Sebire (eds.), Guernsey: an island community of the Atlantic Iron Age, Oxford, 1996, 3-82. Cunliffe 1995 B. Cunliffe and P. Galliou, Le Yaudet, Ploulech, Ctes-dArmor, Brittany. An interim report on the excavations of 1991-94, Antiquaries Journal 75 (1995) 43-70. Galliou 1983 P. Galliou, LArmorique romaine, Brasparts, 1983. Galliou 1995 P. Galliou, L'occupation humaine dans le Bas-Lon occidental, de l'Age du Fer la fin de l'poque romaine, in B. Tanguy and M.-C. Clotre (eds.), Actes du colloque: Saint Mathieu de Fine-Terre travers les ges, 23-24 septembre 1994, pp. 13-22, Plougonvelin, 1995. Grenier 1960 A. Grenier, Manuel darchologie gallo-romaine: iv, les monuments des eaux, Paris, 1960. Guennou 1981 G. Guennou, La cit des Coriosolites, Saint-Malo, 1981. Langout 1985 L. Langout, Un vicus routier et portuaire Taden (Ctes-du-Nord), Revue archologique de lOuest 1 (1985) 73-82. Langout 1988 L. Langout, Les Coriosolites, un peuple armoricain, Dossiers du CeRAA Suppl., 1988. Ledru 1911 A. Ledru, Rpertoire des monuments et objets anciens de la Sarthe, Le Mans, 1911. Pape 1978 L. Pape, La civitas des Osismes lpoque gallo-romaine, Paris, 1978.

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MAP 7 AREMORICA

Richard 1970 L. Richard, Le dieu au maillet de Saint-Brandan (Ctes-du-Nord), Annales de Bretagne 77 (1970-71) 227-65.

Rouanet-Liesenfelt 1980 A.-M. Rouanet-Liesenfelt et al., La civilisation des Riedones, Brest, 1980. de Vesly 1909 L. de Vesly, Les fana ou petits temples gallo-romains de la rgion normande, Rouen, 1909.