Arun S Menon et al.

, IJSID, 2013, 3 (4), 469-475

ISSN:2249-5347

IJSID

International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries

Research Article
Arun S Menon KVM College of Engineering and IT, Alappuzha, Kerala, India

An International peer Review Journal for Science

Available online through www.ijsidonline.info

OPTICAL STUDIES ON ZNO NANOCOLLOIDS

Received: 14-07-2013 Accepted: 28-08-2013

*Corresponding Author

ABSTRACT method. Lithium hydroxide monohydrate was used to hydrolyze the precursor. Structural and size distribution profile was examined by using dynamic light scattering method. The examined by uv- visible spectroscopy and photo luminescence photometer. size of nanocolloids with average diameters of less than 10 nm. Optical studies were Zinc oxide nanocolloidal suspension was prepared from zinc acetate by refluxed

Address: Name: Arun S Menon Place: Kerala, India E-mail: arunsmenon15@gmail.com

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Arun S Menon et al., IJSID, 2013, 3 (4), 469-475 INTRODUCTION throughout a second substance. The substances are present as larger particles than those found in solution, but are too small 10-9 m to 10-6 m in size. A colloidal system is not a true solution but it is not a suspension either because it does not settle out irreversible system, the products are so stable or removed so well that the original reactants cannot be reproduced. A reversible system is one in which the products can be made to react to reproduce the original reactants. Current Research Status A mixture in which one substance is divided into minute particles (called colloidal particles) and dispersed

to be seen with a microscope. There are no strict boundaries on the size of colloidal particles, but they tend to vary between like a suspension will over time. Colloid formation can be classified in two systems, namely reversible and irreversible. In an

nanocrystallites have been prepared by aqueous thermolysis method using Glycine as a fuel and encapsulating agent.

In a recent study done by Akadmiai Kiad etal, ZnO and different atomic percentages of Cu-doped ZnO

Mechanism and formation of intermediate products have been given for the first time. All the findings given are for samples annealed at 800 C. XRD of nanocrystalline ZnO and CuZnO has been indexed to hexagonal wurtzite structure. Influence of gravimetric and differential thermal analysis. Accordingly, samples have been annealed at different temperatures. Infrared studies revealed formation of CuZnO nanoparticles and removal of organic matter at higher temperature [1]. temperature on thermal properties of gel precursor and Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles have been investigated using thermo In a recent study on Gold Nanostar Synthesis with a Silver Seed Mediated Method, it is reported that the physical,

chemical and optical properties of nano-scale colloids depend on their material composition, size and shape. There is a great particularly used because of its low toxicity. A property of metal nano-colloids is that they can have a strong surface plasmon near infrared where biological tissue transmissivity is maximal [2]

interest in using nano-colloids for photo-thermal ablation, drug delivery and many other biomedical applications. Gold is resonance. The peak of the surface plasmon resonance mode depends on the structure and composition of the metal nanoP.Lu etal explained in one of their article that the Micro-PIXE was successfully applied to image the distribution of Zn colloids. Since the surface plasmon resonance mode is stimulated with light there is a need to have the peak absorbance in the QDs in cells. They also have shown the utility of XAFS for structural determinations of nanometer scale semiconductor crystals, especially combined with biological systems. External Micro-PIXE combined with XAFS is proven to be a good tool for the in biological applications [3]. analysis of QDs in biological systems. Spectra and fitting parameters indicated that these water-soluble ZnO QDs were stable after being absorbed into the cells. These ZnO QDs, as a type of safe and cheap luminescent labels, have an inspiring prospect aqueous medium were successfully synthesized and exhibited the PL emission peak around 480 nm. The quantum efficiency In 2011, Nobuhiro Hagura etal reported that highly luminescent silica-coated ZnO nanoparticle QDs dispersed in an

reached up to 60% under an excitation of 350 nm. No time-dependent degradation of the PL peak and intensity were confirmed, indicating no growth of ZnO QDs. The stable PL properties in an aqueous medium have the potential for application and other organic solvents [4]. It has been reported by Raid A. Ismail etal that the synthesis of high purity ZnO NPs colloid at room temperature by International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries, Volume 3, Issue 4, July-August 2013 to cell labeling and for the preparation of useful nanocomposite materials, because the resulting colloid is free from alcohol Nd:YAG laser ablation of Zn target in water. The optical properties of ZnO are strongly affected by laser fluence and wavelength. The ZnO NPs exhibited high absorption in UV region and lowered absorption in visible and IR regions. The

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Arun S Menon et al., IJSID, 2013, 3 (4), 469-475 average size of ZnO NPs increased with laser fluence. The synthesized ZnO NPs have spherical shape and the size distribution is nearly Gaussian. The effect of water temperature on characteristics of ZnO NPs is underway [5]. nanocolloids are investigated for optical power self-limiting application. We have experimentally demonstrated optical Nonlinear susceptibility is highly fluence dependent and it becomes quadratic in nature for a large particle size. The observed nonlinearities are very high compared with those in bulk ZnO. The optical limiting response of ZnO nanocolloids, in the diameter range of 618 nm, increases with the increase of particle size [6]. In a study done by Litty Irimpan etal, it is reported that the nonlinear optical properties of ZnO semiconductor

nonlinearity as a function of the size, and an R2 dependence of nonlinear susceptibility is obtained for ZnO nanocolloids.

nonlinear optical properties of ZnOTiO2SiO2 nanocomposites prepared by a colloidal chemical synthesis are investigated. These nanocomposites show self-defocusing nonlinearity and good nonlinear absorption behaviour. The nonlinear refractive index and the nonlinear absorption increases with increasing ZnO volume fraction. The observed nonlinear absorption is devices with a relatively small limiting threshold [7]. Synthesis Route explained by two photon absorption followed by weak free carrier absorption and nonlinear scattering. These materials can be used as optical limiters and ZnOTiO2SiO2 is a potential nanocomposite material for the development of nonlinear optical A ZnO nanocolloidal suspension was prepared following, with minor modification, the method described by Anderson

The nonlinear optical properties of ZnO have been reported by litty Irimpan etal in one of their article. In that the

[8]. Briefly, an amount of 50mL ethanol containing 1.10gm zinc acetate dihydrate was refluxed while stirring at about 80 C for 180 min. After this procedure, a clear precursor solution was obtained followed by gradual cooling to room temperature under monohydrate (from Fluka) in an ultrasonic bath at 0C for 20 min and then filtered to get the transparent ZnO colloid suspension. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION a nitrogen atmosphere (to prevent ambient moisture). The precursor was hydrolyzed by adding 0.29gm lithium hydroxide

of the technique employed are detailed in the following section. Dynamic Light Scattering Studies of ZnO Nanoparticles

Three experimental techniques have been used for the characterization of the prepared samples. The results of each This technique is used to determine the size distribution profile of small particles in the colloidal suspension of ZnO

Nanoparticle. We have calculated the size of the particle from the DLS data. The DLS of ZnO nanocolloid sample is given in fig 5.1 to 5.2 for Non-clear and Clear solution respectively. The size of the nanocolloid for the non-clear solution is ranging from 3.5nm to 7.5nm peaking at 5.6nm. The size of the nanocolloid for the clear solution is ranging from 7nm to 12nm peaking at 10nm.

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Arun S Menon et al., IJSID, 2013, 3 (4), 469-475

Fig.1 DLS data of ZnO nanocolloid (Non-Clear solution)

Uv-Vis Absorption Studies of ZnO Nanoparticles

Fig.2 DLS data of ZnO nanocolloid (Clear solution)

The room temperature UV-Vis absorption spectra of ZnO nanocolloid sample is given in Fig 5.3 below. International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries, Volume 3, Issue 4, July-August 2013

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Arun S Menon et al., IJSID, 2013, 3 (4), 469-475

value of the band gap is determined by extrapolating the straight line portion of (h)2 v/s h graph to the h axis. The graphical plot for bandgap determination of Zinc Oxide nanocolloid sample is shown below in Fig 5.4. The calculated bandgap of the ZnO nanocolloid sample is 3.24eV which is in agreement with the reported band gap value.

The spectrum reveals a characteristic absorption edge of ZnO nanocolloid sample at wavelength of 355nm. The exact

Fig.3 UV absorption spectra ZnO nanocolloid

Photoluminescence in ZnO nanoparticles

Fig 4 Plot of h v/s (h)2 of ZnO Nanocolloid

PL bands at around 390nm and 435nm. The PL band at 390nm is the shoulder peak. The sample is excited at 377nm. International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries, Volume 3, Issue 4, July-August 2013

The PL spectra of ZnO nanocolloid sample is shown in Fig. 5.5. The PL spectra have exhibited two prominent emission

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CIE Diagrams of Zinc Oxide Nanocolloid emissions of the system is determined.

Fig 5 PL Excitation and Emission Spectra of ZnO Nanocolloid

CIE diagram for the zinc oxide nanocolloid is shown in Fig 5.6. The color coordinates corresponding to the prominent

from the PL spectra.

From this analysis it is revealed that the emission of the samples prepared is in the blue region, which is confirmed International Journal of Science Innovations and Discoveries, Volume 3, Issue 4, July-August 2013

Fig 6 CIE chromaticity diagram of ZnO nanocolloid

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Arun S Menon et al., IJSID, 2013, 3 (4), 469-475 Table 1 Color Coordinates Corresponding to Prominent Emissions of the System

CONCLUSION than 10 nm. The optical absorption studies of ZnO has been presented. The absorption edge of ZnO nanocolloid was revealed by 355 nm wavelength. The band gap obtained by calculation was 3.24 eV. From photo luminescence studies it was revealed that the sample was in blue region and dominant at wavelength 435 nm. REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Zinc oxide nanocolloids were successfully synthesized by refluxed method. The average diameter obtained was less

CuZnO nanocrystallites by aqueous thermolysis method , Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Akadmiai Kiad, Materials Science,2012. Gold Nanostar Synthesis with a Silver Seed Mediated Growth Method, Zurab Kereselidze, Victor H. Romero, Xomalin G. Peralta, Fidel Santamaria

co-published with Springer Science+Business Media B.V., Formerly Kluwer Academic Publishers B.V., Chemistry and

Investigation on the stability of water-soluble ZnO quantum dots in KB cells by X-ray fluorescence and absorption methods, P. Lu, H. Zhang, T. Satoh , T. Ohkubo, A. Yamazaki K. Takano, T. Kamiya, L. Zhu, Y. Huang, Z. Jiang,Yi Zheng, M. Yang, Y. Mi , Q. Ren, H. Shen, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 269 (2011) 19401943 Takuya Shirahama, Ferry Iskandar,Kikuo Okuyama, Volume 131, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 921925 Abdulrahman K. Ali Mukhlis M. Ismail, Khaleel I. Hassoon, Appl Nanosci (2011) 1:4549 Highly luminescent silica-coated ZnO nanoparticles dispersed in an aqueous medium, Nobuhiro Hagura, Takashi Ogi, Preparation and characterization of colloidal ZnO nanoparticles using nanosecond laser ablation in water, Raid A. Ismail, Size-dependent enhancement of nonlinear optical properties in nanocolloids of ZnO, Litty Irimpan, V. P. N. Nampoori, and P. Radhakrishnan, Bindu Krishnan, A Deepthy, Journal Of Applied Physics 103, 033105 _2008 Spanhel, L.; Anderson, M. A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 2826. Nonlinear optical characteristics of nanocomposites of ZnOTiO2SiO2, , Litty Irimpan, V. P. N. Nampoori, and P. Radhakrishnan, Bindu Krishnan, Volume 31, Issue 2, OctoberDecember 2008, Pages 361365

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