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Brings more capacity out of small cells and enables hyper-dense HetNets
LTE Carrier #1
LTE Carrier #4 LTE Carrier #2
Up to 100 MHz
LTE Carrier #5
LTE Advanced
MIMO
Leverage HetNets
With advanced interference management (eICIC/IC)
Small Cell
Uplink
10 MHz
Enables 150 Mbps peak data rates for typical 10MHz + 10MHz deployments
Worlds first launch powered by Qualcomm Technologies 3rd generation Gobi modem
Band X
Band Y
Band X
Snapdragon 800
DL LTE Carrier
DL LTE Carrier
UL LTE Carrier
Worlds first mobile device with LTE Advanced Carrier Aggregation powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon 800 June 2013
Note: Snapdragon 800 includes 8974, which integrates our third generation Gobi LTE modem, but Gobi modems are also offered as a standalone modem product
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Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Gobi are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
Up to 20 MHz
Up to 20 MHz
LTE Carrier #3
LTE Carrier #1
Up to 20 MHz Up to 20 MHz
Up to 20 MHz
LTE Carrier #4
LTE Carrier #2
Up to 100 MHz
LTE Carrier #5
Higher user data rates and lower latencies for all users
The typical bursty nature of usage, such as web browsing, means that aggregated carriers can support more users at the same response (user experience) compared to two individual carriers, given that the for carriers are partially loaded which is typical in real networks. The gain depends on the load and can exceed 100% for fewer users (less loaded carrier) but less for many users. For completely loaded carrier, there is limited capacity gain between individal carriers and aggregated carriers,
LTE Carrier #4
LTE Carrier #3
LTE Carrier #1
Macro
Example: Carrier 1 used for wide area macro coverage, but also by small cell, carrier 2 used by all nodes, but with lower power around macrocell. Frequency domain interference management (carrier aggregation) can be combined with eICIC (time domain coordination) interference mgnt 1Aggregation of either FDD or TDD from 3GPP R10 , aggregation of FDD and TDD within the same node and different nodes (multiflow) are 3GPP R12 candidates
User experience
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3
2 1
0 0 3 6
Data bursts
Idle time
Load
(Mbps)
1 Carrier aggregation doubles burst rate for all users in the cell, which reduces over-the-air latency ~50%, but if the user experience is kept the same (same burst rate), multicarrier can instead support more users for partially loaded carriers. The gain depends on the load and can exceed 100% for fewer users (less loaded carrier) but less for many users (starting to resemble full buffer with limited gain). Source: Qualcomm simulations, 3GPP simulation framework, FTP traffic model with 1MB file size, 57 macro cells wrap -around, 500m ISD (D1), 2x2 MIMO, TU3, NLOS, 15 degree downtilt 2GHz spectrum.,
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CA combinations
45
CA combinations
60+
CA combinations? More spectrum > 20 MHz aggregation 3 carrier DL aggregation 2 carrier UL aggregation TDD + FDD aggregation
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Inter-band
9
Intra-band
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Inter-band
11
Intra-band
Components/configurations of the type(s) mentioned in this slide are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries..
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Diversity, MIMO
1.7x 1x
(+ 2 x 2 MIMO)
2 x 2 MIMO
NodeB
Device
Note: LTE Advanced R10 and beyond adds up to 8x8 Downlink MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output), enhanced Multi User MIMO and uplink MIMO up to 4x4. Simulations: 3GPP framework, 21 macro cells wrap-around, 500m ISD (D1), 10MHz FDD, carrier freq 2GHz, 25 UEs per cell, TU 3km/h, full-buffer traffic, no imbalance or correlation among antennas. 2x4 MIMO used for receive diversity gain of 1.7x compared to 2x2 MIMO, similarly 2x3 diversity provides a 1.3x gain over 2x2 MIMO
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Macro
Central processing/scheduling
(requires low latency fiber)
12 Note: CoMP enabled by TM9 or TM10 transmission modes in the device and network. Picture focuses on downlink CoMP techniques, CoMP also applies to the uplink
Higher capacity, network load balancing, enhanced user experience, user fairness
Its not just about adding small cells LTE Advanced brings even more capacity and enables hyper-dense HetNets1
1By applying
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2.8X
1.4X
LTE R8
1X
Small cell Range Expansion (eICIC/IC)
Macro Only
Macro+ 4 Picos
LTE R8
Macro+ 4 Picos
advanced interference management to HetNets. 2Median downlink data rate. Assumptions: 4 Picos added per macro and 33% of users dropped in clusters closer to picos (hotspots) : 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO, 25 users and 500m ISD. Advanced interference management: enhanced time-domain adaptive resource partitioning, advanced receiver devices with enhanced RRM and RLM1Similar gain for the uplink
LTE Advanced
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Small cell
37%
57%
Enabled By: Adaptive Resource Partitioning (eICIC)1 Advanced Receiver Devices with Interference Cancellation (IC)
6% 2
12% 4
Number of Picos per Macro Cell
26% 10
Assumptions: TR 36.814, Macro ISD=500m, 100 antenna downtilt 25 UEs per Macro cell, uniform random layout, 10 MHz FDD, 2x2 MIMO. 1 And enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource partitioning. Standards name eICIC: Enhanced inter-cell interference coordination 2For uniform, random user distribution
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eICIC (R10) and FeICIC (R11) stands for (Further) enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination 2IC (R11) stands for Interference Cancellation 3ABS (R10) is to continue to transmit overhead channels in Almost Blank Subframes to support legacy devices
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Time
Macro
Macro
Small Cells
Small Cells
eICIC (R10) stands for enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination (coordination in the time domain). Also need enhanced RRM and RLM to allow handover to weak cells, to maintain reliable link with weak cells, and to provide accurate feedback with resource 17 partitioning.
Evaluating the design and features to realize the full benefits of heterogeneous networks
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20
1000x
Carrier Aggregation (TDD and FDD) Authorized Shared Access (ASA) Higher spectrum bands (esp. TDD)
Continue to evolve LTE: Multiflow, Hetnets enhancements Opportunistic HetNets LTE Direct for proximity services LTE Broadcast
Note: neighborhood small cells and ASA are not covered in this presentation, see www.q ualcomm.com/hetNets and www.qual;comm.com/spectrum for more details.
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~37X
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL ~21X SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL SMALL CELL
~6X
+4 Small Cells +8 Small Cells
+16 Small Cells +32 Small Cells
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
SMALL CELL
added 1
LTE Advanced, showing what is possible now, add spectrum and improved techniques for gradual increase towards 1000x
Roadmap to 1000x: Capacity scales with small cells deployed thanks to advanced interference management (eICIC/IC)
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Assumptions: Pico type of small cell, 10MHz@2GHz + 10MHz@3.6GHz,D1 scenario macro 500m ISD, uniform user distribution scenario. Gain is median throughput improvement, from baseline with macro only on 10MHz@2GH, part of gain is addition of 10MHz spectrum. Users uniformly distributed a hotspot scenario could provide higher gains. Macro and outdoor small cells sharing spectrum (co-channel)
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Enhanced HetNets
Such as Opportunistic HetNets, Multiflow, next gen. advanced receivers
M2M enhancements
Small Cell
Improved mobility
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Carrier aggregation from R10 LTE within FDD or TDD. 2 Multiflow is a 3GPP R12 LTE candidate., as well as FDD and TDD aggregation. 3 RAN interworking across LTE, HSPA+ and Wi-Fi is a 3GPP R12 candidate.
Serving cell
Interference Cancellation
1 Performance
requirement added to 3GPP for cancellation of common signaling (PSS/SSS/PBCH/CRS) in Rel 10/11. 2 Broad study on UE interference suppression with & without network assistance in 3GPP R12
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Possible today1
Dormant small cells triggered by the presence of active devices in the vicinity
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1) Seamless Access Passpoint/Hotspot 2.01 2) Operator Deployed Wi-Fi access managed via 3G/4G2
1 Passpoint is the WFA certified implementation of hotspot 2.0, (supported by QCA, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.), which enables a simpler, secure and seamless access to Wi-Fi networks. 2 Such as more dynamic control of which traffic to offload to Wi-Fi through device centric and/or network centric solutions. Standards enhancements for RAN network centric interworking approaches considered for
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Low data rate Small data size Infrequent transmissions /receptions Limited power source
Low cost
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Same content
~3.5 GHz
LTE Direct: integrated device to device discovery & communication for proximity services
Backhaul solutions with LTE waveform line of sight, non line of sight, relays
Standards Leadership
A main contributor to key LTE Advanced features Major contributor for ITU IMT-Advanced submission Instrumental in driving eICIC/IC
Industry-first Demos
MWC 2011: Live HetNet Demo MWC 2012: Live Over-The-Air HetNet Demo with Mobility MWC 2013: Live OTA opportunistic HetNet Demo with VoIP Mobility. Authorized Shared Access (ASA) demo
Industry-first Chipsets
Third generation Gobi LTE modem launched June 13 with carrier aggregation in Snapdragon 800
8974
LTE Advanced
MDM 9x25
LTE Advanced
Snapdragon 800
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Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Gobi are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
@Qualcomm_tech
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8AD95E4F585237C1&feature=plcp http://www.slideshare.net/qualcommwirelessevolution
http://storify.com/qualcomm_tech
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For more information on Qualcomm, visit us at: www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog
2013 QUALCOMM Incorporated and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved . Qualcomm, Snapdragon, and Gobi, are trademarks of QUALCOMM Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. References in this presentation to Qualcomm may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsi diaries or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable.
Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomms licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomms engineering, research and devel opment functions, and substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QMC.
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LTE Direct, Hetnets enhancements, Multiflow, WiFi interworking, Rel -12 & Beyond
Rel-11
LTE
DL: 73 150 Mbps1
UL: 36 75 Mbps1 (10 MHz 20 MHz)
LTE Advanced
DL: 3 Gbps2 UL: 1.5 Gbps2 ( Up to 100 MHz)
1Peak
2 Peak data rate can exceed 1 Gbps using 4x4 MIMO and at least 80 MHz of spectrum (carrier aggregation), or 3GBps with 8x8
rates for 10 MHz or 20 MHz FDD using 2x2 MIMO, standard supports 4x4 MIMO enabling peak rates of 300 Mbps.
MIMO and 100MHz of spectrum. Similarly, the uplink can reach 1.5Gbps with 4x4 MIMO.
Commercial
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Created 7/18/2013