PSIO 201 Example questions for exam 4 (plus some extra questions to help you study)

SSI 2009

The following questions are intended to give students a general idea of the type of questions they will see on the exam. These questions do not cover all of the material that students need to know for the exam. 1. Complete the following table to compare the differences between the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Description Sympathetic N.S. Parasympathetic N.S. Neurotransmitter released by pre-ganglionic neurons Neurotransmitter released by post-ganglionic neurons Location of pre-ganglionic neuron cell bodies (in spinal cord) Names of ganglia

Type of receptors on post-ganglionic cell bodies (within ganglia) Type of receptors on effector organs

Effect on heart rate

General effect on urinary system activity

General effect on digestive system activity (secretion of enzymes, smooth muscle activity) Effect on pupil diameter

2.

One effector organ of the sympathetic division responds to a different neurotransmitter (NT) than that released by most sympathetic post-ganglionic neurons. Name the effector and NT: _____________ Norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine are released from post-ganglionic cells that lay within the ______________-- a modified sympathetic ganglion. In this case, NE is considered a ___________ rather than a neurotransmitter. The effects of NE are the same on its effector organs, although the effects are _________ (longer, shorter) compared to those resulting from NE released into a synaptic cleft.

3.

PSIO 201
4. A. B. C. D. E. 5. A. B. C. D. E. 6. A. B. C. D. E. 7. A. B. C. D. E. 8. A. B. C. D. E. 9. A. B. C. D. E. 10. A. B. C. D. E.

SSI 2009

If a chemically gated channel opens in a post-synaptic nerve cell and positive ions rush out into the ECF, the post-synaptic cell: hyperpolarizes and moves closer to threshold hyperpolarizes and moves farther away from threshold depolarizes and moves closer to threshold depolarizes and moves farther away from threshold none of the above Cerebrospinal fluid: is selectively filtered blood plasma is formed in the ventricles of the brain circulates in the subarachnoid space serves to cushion the brain and provide a medium for nutrient exchange all of the above The primary somatosensory area: contains neurons that control the activity of skeletal muscle receives sensory input regarding visual stimuli receives sensory input regarding auditory stimuli receives inputs regarding sensations such as touch and pain is part of the diencephalon You just ate breakfast and you have a terrible stomach ache. Which of the following correctly describes how this information is received by the brain? Somatic sensory receptors send afferent signals to the brain for processing Visceral sensory receptors send afferent signals to the brain for processing Special sensory receptors send afferent signals to the brain for processing Somatic sensory receptors send efferent signals to the brain for processing Visceral sensory receptors send efferent signals to the brain for processing Which of the following is TRUE regarding a nerve cell at rest? The concentration of K+ is greater in the ECF compared to the ICF The concentration of Na+ is greater in the ICF compared to the ECF The ICF is positive with respect to the ECF The cell membrane is more permeable to K+ than Na+ The cell membrane is equally permeable to K+ and Na+ The dorsal root ganglia contain: cell bodies of motor neurons axons of motor neurons cell bodies of sensory neurons axons of sensory neurons both sensory and motor cell bodies Which of the following is TRUE regarding the stretch reflex? the reflex is contralateral the reflex is activated in response to a painful stimulus the reflex is polysynaptic the reflex involves a receptor called a muscle spindle activation of the reflex causes inhibition of a motor neuron

PSIO 201
11. A. B. C. D. E. 12. A. B. C. D. E. The posterior columns include: ascending tracts of white matter descending tracts of white matter ascending tracts of gray matter descending tracts of gray matter both descending and ascending tracts of gray matter The pia mater extension that anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx is called: conus medularis cauda equina filum terminale coccygeal attachment spinal tap

SSI 2009

Key: 1 come to office hours or check your notes, 2 sweat gland/acetylcholine, 3 adrenal medulla/hormone/longer, 4B, 5E, 6D, 7B, 8D, 9C, 10D, 11A, 12C