SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (64-bit): Advantages of a 64-Bit Environment

March 2004 Abstract: Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (64-bit) offers dramatic improvements in memory availability and parallel processin performance compared !ith SQL Server soft!are r"nnin in a #2-bit environment$ %his paper describes the capabilities of the 64-bit sol"tion& hi hli hts differences from the #2-bit environment& and disc"sses some of the applications and "sa e scenarios that can benefit from r"nnin on a SQL Server platform optimi'ed for a 64-bit environment$ %he paper is intended to help the reader identify potential applications for Microsoft SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) and set appropriate e(pectations for deployment and performance$

%he information contained in this doc"ment represents the c"rrent vie! of Microsoft )orporation on the iss"es disc"ssed as of the date of p"blication$ *eca"se Microsoft m"st respond to chan in mar+et conditions& it sho"ld not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft& and Microsoft cannot "arantee the acc"racy of any information presented after the date of p"blication$ %his !hite paper is for informational p"rposes only$ M,)-.S./% M01ES 2. 30--02%,ES& E45-ESS .- ,M5L,E6& 0S %. %7E ,2/.-M0%,.2 ,2 %7,S 6.)8ME2%$ )omplyin !ith all applicable copyri ht la!s is the responsibility of the "ser$ 3itho"t limitin the ri hts "nder copyri ht& no part of this doc"ment may be reprod"ced& stored in or introd"ced into a retrieval system& or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic& mechanical& photocopyin & recordin & or other!ise)& or for any p"rpose& !itho"t the e(press !ritten permission of Microsoft )orporation$ Microsoft may have patents& patent applications& trademar+s& copyri hts& or other intellect"al property ri hts coverin s"b9ect matter in this doc"ment$ E(cept as e(pressly provided in any !ritten license a reement from Microsoft& the f"rnishin of this doc"ment does not ive yo" any license to these patents& trademar+s& copyri hts& or other intellect"al property$ 2004 Microsoft )orporation$ 0ll ri hts reserved$ Microsoft and MS62 are either re istered trademar+s or trademar+s of Microsoft )orporation in the 8nited States and:or other co"ntries$ %he names of act"al companies and prod"cts mentioned herein may be the trademar+s of their respective o!ners

ab!e of "ontents
SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (64-bit): Advantages of a 64-Bit Environment #####################################################################################################$ %able of )ontents$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ii %ntrod&ction######################################################################################################$ 0"dience$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$; 'vervie(: )atabase *erformance and Sca!abi!it+#############################################$ SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)##################################################################################2 -e<"irements$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$2 SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) )omponents$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$# 0dvanta es of the 64-bit 0rchitect"re $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$# "omparing SQL Server 2000 (,2-bit) (it- A.E and 64-bit###############################/ 03E= 0n .vervie!$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$> Limitations of 03E$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$6 't-er )ifferences in SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)#################################################0 "onsiderations for "-oosing SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)#####################################1 -elational 6atabase 5erformance /actors$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$? 0nalysis Services )onsiderations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;0 Server )onsolidation )onsiderations$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;; 0lternatives to 64-bit 0rchitect"re$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;; Limitations of SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;2 SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) )ep!o+ment "onsiderations####################################$2 ,nte ration$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;2 Mi ration$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;# )ompatibility ,ss"es$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;# S&mmar+#########################################################################################################$4 Appendi2 A: "ase St&dies################################################################################$/ ,nformation -eso"rces& ,nc$ (,-,)$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;> @et*l"e 0ir!ays $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;6 Liberty Medical$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;A ;2#M"ltiMedia$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$;A Appendi2 B: So&rces for Additiona! %nformation#############################################$1

%ntrod&ction
Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (64-bit) offers dramatic improvements in memory availability and parallel processin performance compared !ith SQL Server soft!are r"nnin in a #2-bit environment$ %his paper describes the capabilities of the 64-bit sol"tion& hi hli hts differences from the #2-bit environment& and disc"sses some of the applications and "sa e scenarios that can benefit from r"nnin on a SQL Server platform optimi'ed for a 64-bit environment$ %he paper is intended to help the reader identify potential applications for Microsoft SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) and set appropriate e(pectations for deployment and performance$

A&dience
%his paper is intended for a technical a"dience of ,% professionals& database administrators and system architects interested in the performance and scalability offered by Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (64-bit)$ %his doc"ment ass"mes that yo" have an "nderstandin of databases in eneral and Microsoft SQL Server 2000 in partic"lar$

'vervie(: )atabase *erformance and Sca!abi!it+

%o ma+e timely and informed b"siness decisions in dynamic and competitive environments& or ani'ations m"st store and analy'e massive amo"nts of b"siness data$ 0l!ays a critical part of the ,% infrastr"ct"re& databases are at the heart of a n"mber of conver in trends in ,%= 0pplications and data are ro!in in comple(ity and si'e$ 0pplications r"nnin on #2-bit platforms may be reachin the limits of the platform& specifically re ardin the n"mber of processors and addressable memory$ 7i h-end 6*MS capabilities have become a b"siness necessity as or ani'ations ather and analy'e data from n"mero"s databases& and serve that data to ro!in n"mbers of b"siness "sers$ .r ani'ations are consolidatin servers to simplify critical data center operations$ )onsolidation can red"ce mana ement comple(ity and cost !hile red"cin physical space re<"irements in the data center$

,n response to these trends& Microsoft has developed a 64-bit version of its po!erf"l SQL Server 2000 database& optimi'ed for the 64-bit ,ntel ,tani"m 2 processor$

*y levera in the tremendo"s scalability and memory addressability of the 64-bit architect"re& SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) can host increasin ly lar e and comple( database and analysis applications& and s"pport server consolidation on lar e-scale SM5 systems !ith many processors$ 0pplications can benefit from massive in-memory cachin of data as !ell as lar er data str"ct"res for proced"re cache& sort space& loc+ memory and connection memory$ *y eliminatin platform and processin bottlenec+s& the 64-bit platform offers a ne! level of scalability for b"siness applications at an affordable cost$

SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)

SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is optimi'ed to r"n on servers "sin ,ntel ,tani"m 2 processors and Microsoft 3indo!s Server 200#& offerin e(ceptional performance and scalability$ SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is based on the s"ccessf"l #2-bit version of SQL Server 2000& providin an easy mi ration path for e(istin applications and capitali'in in e(istin tools and e(pertise$ %he primary differences bet!een the 64-bit and #2-bit versions of SQL Server 2000 are derived from the benefits of the "nderlyin 64-bit architect"re$ %hese incl"de= Lar er direct-addressable memory spaceB SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is not bo"nd by the memory limits of #2-bit systems& so more memory is available for performin comple( <"eries or s"pportin essential database operations$ Enhanced parallelism& providin better linear scalability and s"pport for "p to 64 processors$ ,mproved *8S architect"re& acceleratin performance by movin more data bet!een cache and processors$

*y ta+e advanta e of these architect"ral advanta es& SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) can handle lar e and comple( <"ery !or+loads& consolidate many database applications& and other!ise scale to meet the increasin processin and performance demands of todayCs ,% environment$

3e4&irements
SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is c"rrently s"pported on ,064 servers from a n"mber of hard!are vendors incl"din 75& 8nisys& ,*M& 6ell and 2E)& in 4-!ay to 64-!ay confi "rations$ SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) does not have a separate hard!are compatibility list (7)L)$ 8se hard!are that is other!ise certified for "se !ith the Microsoft 3indo!s Server 200# 64-bit operatin system and that meets the follo!in minim"m re<"irements=

5ard(are )omp"ter Memory (-0M)

6inim&m re4&irements ,ntel ,tani"m 2 processors !ith 64-bit )58 Enterprise Edition= ; D* 0dditional memory may be re<"ired& dependin on confi "ration and operatin system re<"irements$

7ard dis+ space

SQL Server database components= ;?0 to #20 M* 0nalysis Services= 2#0 M* *oo+s .nline only= 40 M* 0ct"al re<"irements !ill vary based on yo"r system confi "ration and the applications and feat"res yo" choose to install

5ointin device )6--.M drive ab!e $ 5ard(are 3e4&irements

Microsoft Mo"se or compatible -e<"ired

SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) re<"ires a 64-bit version of the 3indo!s Server 200# operatin system$

SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) "omponents

%he components of SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (64-bit) incl"de= 64-bit database server 64-bit server a ent 64-bit analysis server (.L05 and data minin )

%hese 64-bit components are code-compatible !ith the #2-bit version of SQL Server 2000& ma+in it easy to inte rate a 64-bit server !ith other SQL Server 2000 database servers$

Advantages of t-e 64-bit Arc-itect&re

%he enhanced scalability and performance of SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is made possible by a n"mber of architect"ral feat"res of the ,tani"m 64 bit architect"re$ %he +ey architect"ral benefits are disc"ssed briefly belo!$ Memory addressability #2-bit systems can enerally address only a 4D address space$ (E(ceptions available !ith 0ddress 3indo!in E(tensions& or 03E& on #2-bit platforms are described in a follo!in section$) 3indo!s Server 200# r"nnin on the ,ntel ,tani"m 64-bit architect"re s"pports "p to ;&024 %erabytes of physical memory and >;2 Di abytes of addressable memory$

Enhanced parallel processin s"pport %he ,ntel ,tani"m chips incl"de a n"mber of feat"res that enhance parallel processin performance$ %he ,tani"m 2 feat"res a !ider system b"s& more re isters and E(plicitly 5arallel ,nstr"ction )omp"tin (E5,)) technolo y& !hich enables a processor to e(ec"te m"ltiple ("p to 6) instr"ctions sim"ltaneo"sly$ Lar er n"mbers of processors ,mprovements in parallel processin enable the 64-bit architect"re to s"pport lar er n"mbers of processors ("p to 64)$ 3ith a lar er n"mber of processors& SQL Server can s"pport more processes& applications& and "sers in a sin le system$ Server platforms offerin more than #2 )58s are available e(cl"sively on 64-bit architect"re$ %he hi hest %5)-) benchmar+ fi "res for SQL Server have been achieved on 64-bit systems levera in both lar e amo"nts of memory and the s"perior scalin of 64-bit processors in a 64-bit architect"re$ Enhanced b"s architect"re %he b"s architect"re on c"rrent 64-bit chipsets is faster and !ider than earlier enerations$ More data is passed to the cache and processorB this is some!hat analo o"s to the improvement broadband connections offer over dial-"p connections$ 5obol9Eane s+alabilnost i performanse SQL Server 2000 (64-bitni) 9e mo "Fe po bro9" arhite+tons+im 'naGa9+ama bitnim ,tani"m 64 arhite+t"re$ 1l9"Gni arhite+tons+e prednosti s" ra' ovarali +rat+o nastav+"$ Memori9a adresabilnost #2-bitne s"stave opFenito moHe ri9eEiti samo prostor adres" 4D$ (,'nim+e dost"pne s adresom 3indo!in E(tensions& ili strahopoEtovan9a& na #2-bitnim platformama s" opisane " sl9edeFem po lavl9"$) 3indo!s Server 200# radi na ,ntel ,tani"m 64-bitni arhite+t"ra podrHava do ;024 teraba9ta fi'iG+e memori9e i >;2 i aba9ta memori9e adresabilni $ 5obol9Eana paralelna obrada podrE+a ,ntel ,tani"m Gipovi s" bro9ne mo "Fnosti +o9e pobol9Eava9" performanse paralelno obrad"$ 8 ,tani"m 2 ima Eiri s"stav a"tob"sa& viEe re istri i E+splicitno 5aralelno 8p"te raG"narstva (E5,)) tehnolo i9i& +o9a omo "F"9e procesor 'a i'vrEen9e viEe (do 6) "p"te istovremeno$ IeFi bro9 procesora 5obol9Ean9a " paralelne obrade omo "Fiti 64-bitn" arhite+t"r" +a+o bi podrHao veFi bro9 procesora (do 64)$ S veFim bro9em procesora& SQL Server moHe podrHati viEe procese& apli+aci9e i +orisni+e " 9ednom s"stav"$ Server platforme n"de viEe od #2 procesora s" dost"pne is+l9"Givo na 64-bitno9 arhite+t"ri$ 2a9viEe %5)-) benchmar+ re'"ltati 'a SQL Server posti n"ti s" na 64bitnim s"stavima +o9a omo "F"9" ob9e veli+e +oliGine memori9e i vrh"ns+" s+aliran9e 64-bitnih procesora " 64-bitno9 arhite+t"ri$ 5obol9Eana b"s arhite+t"ra *"s arhite+t"ra na te+"Fim 64-bitnim chipseta 9e brHe i Eire od pri9aEn9ih eneraci9a$ IiEe podata+a 9e proEao cache i procesor& a to 9e neEto analo no pri+l9"Ga+a Eiro+opo9asno pobol9Ean9e n"de pre+o dial-"p ve'e$

/or a more detailed disc"ssion of the ,tani"m architect"re& see http=::!!!$intel$com:eb"siness:pdf:prod:itani"m:!p022404$pdf$

"omparing SQL Server 2000 (,2-bit) (itA.E and 64-bit

Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (#2-bit) "ses the Microsoft 3indo!s 2000 0ddress 3indo!in E(tensions (03E) 05, to s"pport very lar e amo"nts of physical memory$ /or some applications& "sin 03E may be a viable alternative to "p radin to the 64-bit platform$

A.E: An 'vervie(
Standard #2-bit systems can map at most 4 D* of memory& limitin the addressable memory space for 3indo!s 2000 systems to 4D*$ 3ith 2D* reserved for the operatin system& only 2D* of memory remains for the application (in this case& SQL Server 2000)$ Jo" can increase this amo"nt to # D* by settin a #D* s!itch in a 3indo!s boot$ini file$ 03E is a set of memory mana ement e(tensions to the Microsoft 3in#2 05, that allo!s applications to address memory beyond the 4D* limitation$ 8sin 03E& applications can ac<"ire physical memory as nonpa ed memory& then dynamically map vie!s of the nonpa ed memory to the #2-bit address space$ 03E enables memoryintensive applications& s"ch as lar e database systems& to address lar e amo"nts of information$ More information on 03E can be fo"nd on the MS62 pa e on the Microsoft !eb site$

>

8sin the 03E e(tension enables a SQL Server Enterprise Edition instance to address si nificantly more memory than standard implementations= 8p to K D* of physical memory on 3indo!s Server 200#& Enterprise Edition "sin 03E 8p to 64 D* of memory "sin 3indo!s Server 200#& 6atacenter Edition "sin 03E

0ltho" h "sin 03E imposes some overhead and adds initiali'ation time& it remains an important strate y for many memory-intensive database applications$

Limitations of A.E
8sin SQL Server 2000 (#2-bit) !ith 03E has some limitations$ %he additional memory addressability is available only to the relational database en ine& not to other en ines s"ch as 0nalysis Services$ %he benefits are limited to those operations that can directly access database pa es stored in the e(panded b"ffer cache L operations s"ch as b"ildin inde(es on lar e tables& or simple <"eries from cache$ 03E does not enhance other memory-intensive operations "sin the stored proced"re cache or lo cache$ 0ltho" h its benefits are si nificant& the potential performance enhancements from 03E do not apply to the follo!in operations or components= 0nalysis Services 5roced"re )ache for compiled plans )"rsors .6*) parameter cachin Sort area ,nde( creation& incl"din f"ll-te(t inde(in 7ash memory 5er-connection memory Loc+ memory

,n contrast& SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) ma+es e(tended memory available to all database processes and operations$ 8sin this 64-bit version on ,tani"m 2 hard!are& a SQL Server instance can address "p to >;2 D*& the c"rrent ma(im"m memory s"pported by 3indo!s Server 200#$ (%here is a theoretical addressable limit of ;K E(abytes$) %his memory is available to all components of SQL Server& and to all operations !ithin the database en ine$ 0s a res"lt& SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) enhances performance of a !ide ran e of memory-intensive database applications$

't-er )ifferences in SQL Server 2000 (64bit)

0ltho" h memory mana ement is the most si nificant difference bet!een the 64-bit and #2-bit versions of SQL Server 2000& there are other differences that yo" sho"ld consider !hen choosin !hich architect"re to deploy$ SM5 processor s"pport 5revio"sly& !ith the #2-bit version of SQL Server& symmetric m"ltiprocessin (SM5) s"pport !as limited to #2 processors$ 3ith SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) Enterprise Edition this limit has been raised to 64 processors !ith 3indo!s Server 200# 6atacenter edition$ 0vailability 7i h availability is critical for many hi h-end applications$ SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) on 3indo!s Server 200# s"pports an K-node failover cl"ster$ %his is an increase from the 4-node cl"ster s"pported by 3indo!s 2000 6atacenter Server ,nstallation enhancements %he 64-bit version of SQL Server is installed "sin the 3indo!s ,nstaller Service& enablin the M0dd or -emove 5ro ramsM option in the )ontrol 5anel$ %he set"p process displays a tree of feat"res to be installed& !hich can be deselected as needed$ Meta data repository %he 64-bit version of 0nalysis Services "ses SQL Server instead of @et ($M6*) for its meta data repository$ %he repository databases are created !ithin SQL Server !hen 0nalysis Services is installed$ -eplication %he -eplication feat"res of SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) are nearly identical to the #2bit version& !ith the follo!in feat"res bein s"pported= Snapshot -eplication %ransactional -eplication Mer e -eplication ,mmediately "pdatin s"bscribers Q"e"ed "pdatin s"bscribers

7o!ever& there are a fe! special cases= 0s the Microsoft @et en ine is not s"pported& Microsoft @et p"sh s"bscriptions for mer e replication are not s"pported 8nless the s"bscriber provides a 64-bit .6*) or .LE 6* driver& transactional or snapshot p"sh s"bscriptions for .6*) or .LE 6* s"bscribers are not s"pported$ 6"e to the "navailability of 64-bit 6ata %ransformation Services (6%S)& transformable p"sh s"bscriptions are not s"pported

,n addition& the 64-bit versions of 3indo!s Server 200#& Enterprise Edition and 3indo!s Server 200#& 6atacenter Edition do not incl"de certain feat"res that are incl"ded in the #2-bit versions of those operatin systems$

%hese feat"res are not incl"ded beca"se of "nderlyin differences bet!een the #2-bit and 64-bit architect"res or beca"se the feat"res are not appropriate in the environments !here the 64-bit versions of 3indo!s Server 200#& Enterprise Edition and 3indo!s Server 200#& 6atacenter Edition are deployed$ /or a complete list of differences& see M6ifferences *et!een 64-bit and #2-bit -eleases (64-bit)M; in SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) *oo+s .nline and M/eat"res "navailable on 64-bit versions of the 3indo!s Server 200# familyM2$

"onsiderations for "-oosing SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)

0ltho" h it offers si nificant scalability and performance for many applications& not every application !ill benefit from the 64-bit version of SQL server$ %his section is desi ned to help yo" determine if and !hen it is appropriate to either "se e(istin SQL Server instances or develop ne! applications "sin the 64-bit architect"re$ %he improved memory and parallel processin capabilities of SQL Server 2000 (64bit) are compellin in a n"mber of different "sa e scenarios& incl"din = ,mprovin performance for memory-constrained relational applications$ )reatin or acceleratin lar e .L05 systems !ith rapid response time re<"irements$ )onsolidatin m"ltiple 3indo!s-based databases and applications to fe!er& lar er systems$ *y hostin m"ltiple databases on a sin le 64-bit system& yo" simplify mana ement& improve stora e "tili'ation& and enerally improve operational efficiency$ MScalin "pM c"rrent applications e(periencin si nificant ro!thB mi ratin e(istin database servers that are meetin platform limitations doesnCt affect the other tiers of m"lti-tiered applications$ -eplacin 82,4 systems:applications$ %he 64-bit platform offers a po!erf"l alternative to 82,4 systems for hi h-end database servers$

%he follo!in sections list some of the factors yo" sho"ld consider !hen eval"atin specific applications for the 64-bit platform$

; 2

http=::msdn$microsoft$com:library:defa"lt$aspN"rlO:library:en-"s:s<l64:inPintrod"ction64PA(o2$asp http=::!!!$microsoft$com:technet:treevie!:defa"lt$aspN

"rlO:technet:prodtechnol:!indo!sserver200#:proddocs:entserver:"ns"pported64*it/eat"res$asp K

3e!ationa! )atabase *erformance 7actors

Memory-intensive SQL Server relational !or+loads are ood candidates for 64-bit SQL Server$ Many SQL Server reso"rces are restricted to # D* limit "sin the #2-bit environment& incl"din Sort space 7ash tables "sed in 9oins and a 5er-connection memory 5roced"re cache for compiled plans re ates ,nde( creation& incl"din f"ll-te(t inde(in

Systems starved of real memory !ill e(hibit de raded performance d"e to !aits for reso"rces and delays as the processors compile plans that have been evicted from cache$ %hey may also e(perience e(cess dis+ activity to !rite ob9ects s"ch as hash tables that cannot fit into the available memory to dis+$ /or e(ample& movin to SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) !o"ld immediately improve the performance of applications e(periencin the follo!in memory-related performance problems= -ecompilation of stored proced"res d"e to eviction from memory$ %he 64-bit environment provides a lar e plan cache for hi h vol"me transaction applications !ith lar e n"mbers of stored proced"res$ %his red"ces the need to compile stored proced"res that have been evicted from memory& red"cin )58 "tili'ation and red"cin <"ery latency$ -eso"rce semaphore !aits associated !ith <"eries !aitin for memory rants$ M"ltiple <"eries "tili'in lar e-scale hash 9oins L especially those e(ec"tin a ainst a data !areho"se and spannin lar e datasets L can be impacted by reso"rce semaphore !aits$ ,nde( creation& incl"din /"ll %e(t inde(in (restricted to #D* !or+space in #2-bit) )omple( <"eries that "se sortin or lar e hash 9oins or hash a re ates$ Memoryintensive hash 9oins are very efficient& b"t !hen memory is "nder press"re& they may be removed from cache in favor of memory-conservin & b"t slo!er& alternative <"ery plans$ Lar e n"mbers of active stored proced"res& !here benefits can be achieved thro" h improved cache capacity$ %he 64-bit architect"re can s"bstantially red"ce overall )58 "tili'ation and latency by eliminatin the need to evict proced"res from cache and compile repeatedly$ Server side c"rsors& !hich can more readily be +ept in memory$

.ther operations that can benefit from e(tended memory incl"de=

Many ,:.-intensive applications can potentially benefit by loadin a bi er !or+in dataset into memory& !hich is possible in the 64-bit environment$ 0ltho" h applications re<"irin more memory than the 64D* limit s"pported by 03E are rare& certain applications or !or+loads can benefit from the speed of e(tractin the database pa es from e(tremely lar e cache memory instead of the dis+ s"bsystem$

Ana!+sis Services "onsiderations

0nalysis Services re<"ires that all dimensions for all c"bes are held in memory sim"ltaneo"sly$ *eca"se 0nalysis Services is "nable to ta+e advanta e of the memory e(tensions of 03E& its memory is limited to # D* in a #2-bit environment& even if more memory is act"ally available$ %he additional memory available to 64-bit environments ives 0nalysis Services the ability to s"pport very lar e dimensions or n"mero"s lar e dimensions$ )onsider the 64-bit environment if yo"r .L05 application re<"ires= Iery lar e dimensionsB SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) has demonstrated s"pport for dimensions !ith more than >0 million members$ Lar e n"mbers of si'eable dimensions$ Lar e memory "se of process b"ffers$ Iery lar e c"besB si nificant performance benefits for very lar e c"bes can be achieved thro" h the "se of the file-system cache& red"cin the need for physical dis+ access for base c"be or a re ate data d"rin <"eries$ %his can benefit 0nalysis Services deployments that have e(tensive fact partitions and lar e n"mbers of a re ates& even if the dimensions themselves fit into the memory limits of the #2-bit environment$ /ast c"be processin re<"irementsB memory availability red"ces the need for !ritin to temporary files on the dis+ s"bsystem$ Lar e n"mbers of conc"rrent "sers$

*efore adoptin a 64-bit environment for data analysis& yo" need to ens"re that the follo!in components are available= Jo" !ill need 64-bit .LE 6* providers for all data so"rces "sed to pop"late a database in the 64-bit environment$ SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) incl"des an .LE 6* provider for accessin SQL Server$ ,f yo" are "sin other data so"rces from other database vendors& yo" sho"ld verify the availability of a s"itable .LE 6* m"st be verified$ 0lternatively& yo" can confi "re a #2-bit server& "tili'in 6%S& to p"mp data from other .LE 6* so"rces to the 64-bit SQL tar et$ 0nalysis Services 8ser-defined f"nctions (86/) or other components !ritten in Microsoft Iis"al *asic 6 are not s"pported in the 64-bit environment$ Jo" need to verify if these components e(ist and if necessary re!rite them "sin )QQ and compile them "sin the 64-bit S61$

;0

Server "onso!idation "onsiderations

Lar e scale SM5 server architect"res based on the ,tani"m 2 chipset have more linear scalability than #2-bit systems above K-!ay and especially above ;6-!ay confi "rations$ Server platforms offerin more than #2 )58s are available e(cl"sively on 64-bit architect"re$ %he hi hest %5)-) benchmar+ fi "res for SQL Server have been achieved on 64-bit systems levera in both lar e amo"nts of memory and the s"perior scalin of 64-bit processors in a 64-bit architect"re$ %he additional processor and memory headroom available !ithin the 64-bit environment enable si nificant scale-"p and server consolidation opport"nities$ 0 lar e n"mber of consolidated databases can fit into a sin le SQL instance that has s"fficient memory to s"pport the data str"ct"res (connections& loc+s& hash& etc) needed for m"ltiple co-e(istin applications$ Jo" sho"ld serio"sly consider SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) for )58-intensive !or+loads for !hich scalability needs can be addressed by addin additional processors$ %he 64-bit version is partic"larly val"able for SQL Server instances "sin ;6 or more processors$

A!ternatives to 64-bit Arc-itect&re

0ltho" h a 64-bit system can offer si nificant performance increases& it is "nrealistic to ass"me that it !ill a"tomatically do"ble the performance of a #2-bit system$ %here may in fact be sit"ations in !hich "p radin to 64-bit !ill not offer the best performance improvement for an application$ /or e(ample& ,t may be better to add more )58s ,t may be better to "se faster )58s

/or many SQL Server !or+loads& the 2-# D* of virt"al address space available !ith a #2-bit platform is s"fficient$ ,f a !or+load performs !ell !ith 2-#D* of memory (or !ith 03E) and does not re<"ire scalin "p beyond K )58s& the benefits of fast )58s available in #2-bit architect"re may o"t!ei h the advanta es of movin to a 64-bit platform$ Many operations !ithin SQL Server can benefit more from the fast )58 speeds c"rrently available on the 54 4eon architect"res (!hich no! have cloc+ speeds e(ceedin # D7')& than from the memory and scalability benefits of the 64-bit environment (c"rrently available at ;$> D7')$ E(amples incl"de sin le-threaded <"ery response times on systems that are not b"sy or a re ations& hash 9oins& strin comparisons and other common operations that have ade<"ate memory on #2-bit systems and reside comfortably on 4-!ay or K-!ay servers$ %hese applications may be better served by "sin the fastest #2-bit chipsets$ Jo" sho"ld be a!are of the )58 speed tradeoff in s"ch circ"mstances$ Jo" sho"ld also consider the implications of "sin very lar e amo"nts of memory on the 64-bit platform$ Iery lar e memory co"ld ta+e a lon time to sh"tdo!n d"e to a system chec+point !ith a lot of data to fl"sh$ 0s a res"lt& yo" may choose to perform system chec+points at small intervals& perhaps one min"te$ %his can be achieved thro" h the recovery interval server confi "ration option$

;;

Limitations of SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)

3hen decidin on a 64-bit platform and SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)& yo" sho"ld also consider potential limitations of the platform$ 0s of this !ritin (early 2004)= %he 64-bit platform is still a relatively ne! architect"re SQL Server tools are "navailable on 64-bit& s"ch as= Enterprise Mana er Q"ery 0naly'er SQL 5rofiler

*est practice is to r"n these from #2-bit SQL clients$ %here is no s"pport for the e(ec"tion of 6ata %ransformation Services (6%S) pac+a es 6%S pac+a es can be saved on a 64-bit instance b"t not e(ec"ted$ *est practice is that the #2-bit server hostin 6%S sho"ld have a hi h speed connection (Di abit Ethernet) to the 64-bit server that is the so"rce or tar et of the transformations in the 6%S pac+a es& as !ell as other data so"rces$ %here are no Microsoft-provided .racle or 6*2 drivers and third party database vendor s"pport is limited for drivers on 64-bit !indo!s$ %his limits the ability to define lin+ed-server connections from 64-bit instances to non-Microsoft databases$ Microsoft .perations Mana er (M.M) is not c"rrently s"pported on the 64-bit platform& and there is limited availability of third party systems mana ement tools$ *est practice is to capt"re the performance co"nters and events enerate by 3indo!s and 64-bit SQL Server over the net!or+ to a #2-bit instance and "se the tools that s"pport s"ch a confi "ration$ 6evice drivers for ,:.& S02s and other components in yo"r environment may not yet be released for a 64-bit platform$ %he $2et frame!or+ for 64-bit is not yet available$

SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) )ep!o+ment "onsiderations

*eca"se SQL Server 2000 64-bit shares the same code base and on-dis+ format file str"ct"re as the #2-bit version& there are a vast n"mber of similarities& !hich eases the process of mi ration& and of inte ratin #2-bit and 64-bit architect"res in the same infrastr"ct"re$

%ntegration
0n enterprise data center can consist of a mi( of #2-bit and 64-bit systems and applications$ .r ani'ations can contin"e to "se and p"rchase #2-bit servers& and connect to a 64-bit server database bac+end to ain 64-bit platform benefits& or have a data farm !ith a mi( of both$ 2o client code chan es are re<"ired to enable servicin data re<"ests from a #2-bit or 64-bit environment$ 0pplications that access #2-bit can connect to and access 64-bit !itho"t chan in the application code& as %-SQL code for both versions is f"lly compatible$

;2

6igration
%he mi ration of data from SQL Server A$0 and SQL Server 2000 #2-bit versions to SQL Server 2000 64-bit is a strai htfor!ard tas+& as both share the same on-dis+ format and data-types$ %he mechanisms available are detach:attach or bac+"p:restore$ 6etach:0ttach System provided stored proced"res are available to detach (spPdetachPdb) the database from the #2-bit version& then attach (spPattachPdb) to the 64-bit instance$ *ac+"p:-estore %he same process for a standard bac+"p and restore can be "sed to mi rate data to the 64-bit platform& by simply restorin #2-bit bac+"p files to the 64-bit platform$ ,t is also possible to mi rate data bac+ to the #2-bit version for SQL 2000 databases$ 7o!ever& do!n radin to SQL Server A$0 from SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is not s"pported$ E(tended Stored 5roced"res need to be recompiled$ E(tended stored proced"res are dynamic-lin+ libraries (6LLs) that SQL Server can load and e(ec"te dynamically$ E(tended stored proced"res r"n directly in the address space of SQL Server and are pro rammed "sin the SQL Server .pen 6ata Services 05,

"ompatibi!it+ %ss&es
SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) corresponds f"nctionally to SQL Server 2000 (#2-bit) S5#& enablin easy inte ration in e(istin infrastr"ct"re !hile providin s"pport for the e(tended 64-bit hard!are$ %he prod"ct offers complete compatibility !ith the SQL Server 2000 (#2-bit) database files and transaction lo s$ Many of SQL ServerCs tools and client components are not yet available in a 64-bit version as of this !ritin $ %hese incl"de= 6%S Q"ery 0naly'er 0nalysis Mana er SQL 5rofiler Enterprise Mana er 8ntil they are available for SQL Server 2000 (64bit)& yo" m"st r"n these components and perform many database mana ement and administration tas+s remotely "sin #2bit clients or servers$ %here are a n"mber of enhancements and component chan es !ith the 64-bit versions of SQL Server and 3indo!s Server 200#$ )omponents s"ch as Microsoft 6ata 0ccess )omponents (M60))& 6istrib"ted %ransaction )oordinator (6%)) and Microsoft Mana ement )onsole (MM)) that "sed to be part of SQL Server set"p are no! installed as core components as part of the 3indo!s Server 200# set"p& allo!in SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) to ta+e advanta e of these operatin system reso"rces$

;#

S&mmar+
SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) addresses the need to provide a hi hly scalable database platform for memory intensive& performance-critical applications$ %he 64-bit version provides massively scalable performance for lar e& comple( <"eries thro" h= Lar e memory addressin 2early "nlimited virt"al memory S"pport for "p to 64 processors in SM5 systems Enhanced parallelism

3hile many SQL Server !or+loads perform !ell in the #2-bit environment& the additional memory and processors available to the 64-bit environment are val"able in a n"mber of sit"ations& incl"din = Scale-"p scenarios re<"irin ;6-!ay or lar er SM5 servers 3or+loads !ith lar e-scale sortin & hash 9oins& and <"ery memory& s"ch as comple( relational data !areho"se <"eries$ 0nalysis Services applications !ith very lar e dimensions or lar e vol"mes of data that can levera e filesystem cache .ther applications that may be memory-constrained in the #2-bit environment

SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is optimi'ed for the ,ntel ,tani"m 2 processor& and ta+es advanta e of advanced memory addressin capabilities for essential reso"rces s"ch as b"ffer pools& caches& and sort heaps& red"cin the need to perform m"ltiple ,:. operations to brin data in and o"t of memory from dis+$ %his reater processin capacity !itho"t the penalties of ,:. latency provides a mechanism to achieve ne! levels of application scalability$ SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) achieves these ains in performance and scalability !hile maintainin inte ration !ith e(istin prod"cts and applications and offerin a simple mi ration path$ .r ani'ations can "se #2-bit application servers connectin to 64-bit database servers& phasin in the 64-bit technolo y as re<"ired$ SQL Server 2000 (64bit) can inte rate easily into a database server cl"ster !ith other #2-bit databases$ SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is able to directly address the ma(im"m memory s"pported by Microsoft 3indo!s Server 200# (c"rrently >;2 D*)$ 8sin ,tani"m 2 servers !ith lar e amo"nts of memory& SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) is able to load and process m"ltii abyte databases in only a fraction of the time re<"ired in a #2-bit environment$

;4

Appendi2 A: "ase St&dies

%his section s"mmari'es fo"r recent case st"dies "sin SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)$ Jo" can find other case st"dies online at http=::!!!$microsoft$com:s<l:64bit:prod"ctinfo:casest"dies$asp$

%nformation 3eso&rces8 %nc# (%3%)

,nformation -eso"rces& ,nc$ (,-,) provides mar+et research to the cons"mer pac+a ed oods and healthcare ind"stries$ ,-, !anted to provide c"stomers !ith better <"ery performance for its online analytical processin (.L05) service$ %he company also !anted to red"ce costs and improve scalability and stability$ ,-, is "p radin from a #2-bit Microsoft SQL Server 2000 0nalysis Services environment to a 64-bit environment$ ,-, is "sin SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition (64-bit) and the 64-bit version of Microsoft 3indo!s Server 200#& Enterprise Edition& to improve the scalability& performance& and stability of its online analytical processin (.L05) service$ 0 sin le fo"r-processor 64-bit server r"nnin SQL Server 2000 0nalysis Services delivers fo"r times the capacity of a t!o-processor #2-bit server in terms of conc"rrent "sers& and ;0 times the capacity in terms of the n"mber of c"stomer databases that can be s"pported on one server$ %his enables ,-, to eliminate "nnecessary layers in its environment& !hich red"ces comple(ity and lo!ers infrastr"ct"re and administrative costs$ ,-,Cs c"stomers also benefit from a vast improvement in <"ery speeds$ Benefits /ar faster <"ery times %en times as many c"stomer databases per server /o"r times as many conc"rrent "sers per server Stability iss"es eliminated -ed"ced administrative effort *etter price-performance M%he 64-bit SQL Server environment eliminates many of the technical limitations that have +ept "s from rollin o"t 0nalysis Services on a lar er scale$ 3eCre no! in a position to eliminate a lar e de ree of comple(ity& !hich !ill lead to reater benefits for o"r c"stomers$M ,mproved end-"ser <"ery performance !as a primary oal for ,-,$ %he follo!in table sho!s that for ,-,Cs processin & <"ery performance in the 64-bit environment is ro" hly # to > times faster than in the #2-bit environment !hen data is retrieved from the stora e area net!or+ (S02)& and ro" hly 60 to #60 times faster !hen cached in -0M$ .ne reason for s"ch lar e performance ains is the increased amo"nt of -0M that is s"pported in the 64-bit environment$ 0lso& ,-,Cs 64-bit SQL Server 0nalysis Services sol"tion "ses a m"ltidimensional .L05 (M.L05) desi n instead of the -.L05 architect"re "sed in ,-,Cs #2-bit environment R a chan e that !o"ld not have been feasible !itho"t the scalability and performance improvements provided by the 64-bit versions of 3indo!s Server 200# and SQL Server$

0ccordin to the ),. of ,-,& Marshall Dibbs=

;>

Q&er+

Average Q&er+ Speed (seconds) ,2-bit >? ;;; #>K 40>

Average Q&er+ Speed (seconds) 64-bit S; #4 S; 60

;0 conc"rrent "sers& cached (lar e <"ery) ;0 conc"rrent "sers& non-cached (lar e <"ery) >0 conc"rrent "sers& cached (lar e <"ery) >0 conc"rrent "sers& non-cached (lar e <"ery) ab!e 2

%3% - )ifferences in 4&er+ times for ,2-bit and 64-bit environments#

%o simplify its infrastr"ct"re and administrative !or+load& ,-, needs to s"pport more c"stomer databases and more sim"ltaneo"s "sers on each server$ %he 64-bit environment delivers lar e improvements in both those areas$ ,n the #2-bit environment& the #-D* -0M ma(im"m limited the capacity of each server to an avera e of >0 client databases& forcin system administrators to contin"ally rebalance the distrib"tion of databases across the tier of si( servers$ ,n the 64-bit environment& the sin le fo"r-processor server can handle more than >00 databases !hile leavin ade<"ate memory for processin "ser <"eries$ %he table belo! o"tlines the differences bet!een the #2-bit and 64-bit environments$ Benc-mar9 2"mber of databases per server 2"mber of conc"rrent "sers per server ab!e , ,2-bit >0 >0 64-bit >00 200

%3% - )atabases and conc&rrent &sers for ,2-bit and 64-bit

:etB!&e Air(a+s
@et*l"e 0ir!ays is scalin its database systems to accommodate the companyCs rapid b"siness ro!th by "sin the 64-bit versions of Microsoft 3indo!s Server 200# and SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)$ %he company has mi rated its fre<"ent flyer application from t!o #2-bit servers to a sin le 64-bit server R a t!o-day effort that has eliminated performance problems and ens"res the processin headroom re<"ired to accommodate a ro!th rate of #&000 ne! fre<"ent flyer members per day$ 2o! that the company has validated the scalability and price-performance benefits provided by the 64-bit 3indo!s platform& @et*l"e !ill "se it to host several enterprise applications& incl"din a comprehensive data !areho"se:.L05 sol"tion and the companyCs mission-critical reservation system$ @eff )ohen& ),. for @et*l"e& commented= M%he 64-bit 3indo!s Server 200# and SQL Server environment ma+es Microsoft a tr"e enterprise-class contender in the database arena$ %he platform enables "s to r"n mission-critical applications !ith the confidence that !eCll et the scalability and "ptime that !e need$ %he ma9ority of o"r databases !ill be moved to the 64-bit environment$M
;6

*enefits incl"de= S"perior scalability& !hich provides ne! b"siness options *etter price-performance -ed"ced infrastr"ct"re comple(ity Lo!er administrative costs Levera es e(istin tools and s+ill sets Mission-critical reliability

Libert+ 6edica!
Liberty Medical S"pply provides diabetes and respiratory s"pplies and medications to >00&000 8$S$ Medicare recipients$ %he company needed to prepare its database environment for contin"ed rapid ro!th$ Liberty Medical S"pply is deployin the 64-bit versions of Microsoft 3indo!s Server 200# 6atacenter Edition and SQL Server 2000 on an ,tani"m 2Lbased 64-bit server$ %he 64-bit system has delivered a s"bstantial performance ains (;>? percent improvement over a similarly confi "red #2-bit server) Rmore than eno" h processin po!er to s"pport increased sales ro!th and ne! b"siness initiatives for the ne(t several years$ *y scalin "p to SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) r"nnin on the ne! 64-bit version of 3indo!s& Liberty Medical S"pply !ill reali'e s"perior price-performance and the benefits of server consolidation= decreased administrative !or+load& increased reliability& and better performance for end-"ser applications Liberty Medical !ill achieve the follo!in benefits= -oom for b"siness ro!th /e!er servers to mana e S"perior price-performance 7i h reliability ,mproved reportin speed

%he Senior Iice 5resident and ),. of Liberty Medical has cited the primary benefit of movin to the 64-bit environment as enablin the or ani'ation to be Min a m"ch stron er position to meet the companyCs ro!th needs$ 0nd sho"ld !e re<"ire additional processin po!er in the f"t"re& !e can immediately meet this need by simply pl" in in more processors and memory to o"r e(istin servers& !hich re<"ires far less effort than confi "rin and deployin additional servers$M

$2,6&!ti6edia
;2#M"ltimedia has been creatin and distrib"tin content for premi"m services s"ch as chat& telephone services and rin tones since ;?KA$ ,ts services are delivered via a variety of channels$ ,n s"ch a hi h-tech ind"stry& innovation and speed to mar+et are cr"cial$ %he companyCs #2-bit platform meets its c"rrent needs& b"t it needs the scalability and performance enhancements of 64-bit comp"tin to cope !ith f"t"re demands$ ;2#M"ltimedia is testin Microsoft 3indo!s Server 200# Enterprise Edition r"nnin Microsoft SQL Server 2000 (64- bit) on an 75 ,nte rity r(>6A0$
;A

%he benefits incl"de= 7andlin five times more traffic than the #2-bit platform Lo!er costs thro" h application consolidation and red"ced trainin needs Solid prod"ct roadmap sec"res investment for the f"t"re -icher information on service performance

Appendi2 B: So&rces for Additiona! %nformation

%here are many additional so"rces of information abo"t SQL Server 2000 (64-bit)& as !ell as the ,tani"m 2 platform and 3indo!s Server 200#$ SQL Server 3eb site= http=::!!!$microsoft$com:s<l SQL Server 64-bit 3eb site= http=::!!!$microsoft$com:s<l:64bit$ %his site incl"des additional information on= 5rod"ct /eat"res and 8sa e Licensin System -e<"irements )"stomer )ase St"dies %echnical -eso"rces (incl"des lin+ to *oo+s .nline) 5artner Soft!are .fferin s

SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) %echnical -eso"rces= http=::!!!$microsoft$com:s<l:64bit:techinfo:defa"lt$asp$ %his pa e incl"des incl"des a lin+ to *oo+s .nline& as !ell as a paper entitled SQL Server 2000 (64-bit) 0nalysis Services= 3hy Mi rate& and 3hat to E(pect SQL Server 6eveloper )enter= http=::msdn$microsoft$com:s<lserver SQL Server Ma a'ine= http=::!!!$s<lma $com 2e!s ro"ps= ne!s=::ne!s$microsoft$com microsoft$p"blic$s<lserver$pro rammin microsoft$p"blic$s<lserver$data!areho"se

Microsoft .fficial )"rric"l"m co"rses on SQL Server$ /or c"rrent co"rse information& see http=::!!!$microsoft$com:trainin andservices$ 7ard!are-specific sites= http=::!!!$intel$com:eb"siness:pdf:prod:itani"m:!p022404$pdf http=::hA;02K$!!!A$hp$com:enterprise:cache:K;A?-0-0-0-;2;$asp( http=::!!!$hp$com:prod"cts;:servers:inte rity:inde($html

3indo!s Server 200# (64-bit) 3eb site= http=::!!!$microsoft$com:!indo!sserver200#:64bit:defa"lt$msp(

;K