Circuit diagram for regulation of an alternator by EMF and MMF methods

Fuse rating
= 125% of rated current = =

Name plate details of induction motor

Rated power Rated current Rated voltage Rated speed = = = =

REGULATION OF AN ALTERNATOR BY EMF AND MMF METHODS

EXP. NO: DATE: AIM:
To determine the voltage regulation of 3-phase alternator by using EMF and MMF method.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:
SL. NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 NAME OF THE APPARATUS Voltmeter Ammeter Ammeter Rheostat Tachometer Connecting wires RANGE (0-600V) (0-5A) (0-2A) 350 / 1.5A (0-3000rpm) TYPE MI MI MI Wire wound Digital QUANTITY 1 1 1 2 1 As required

FORMULAE:
EMF Method: 1. Armature resistance, Rac = 1.6 Rdc 2. Synchronous impedance, Zs = 3. Synchronous reactance, Xs = (for same If value)

4. Eph = (Vph cos + Iasc Rac) 2 + (Vph sin + Iasc Xs) 2 (Volt) Where, (+) for lagging power factor (-) for leading power factor 5. % Regulation = x 100

Tabulation:
Open circuit test

SL. NO 1 2 3 4 5 6

Open circuit line voltage, VL (V)

Field current, If

Open circuit phase voltage, Vph(V)

Short circuit test

SL. NO 1

Short circuit current, Isc (A)

Field current, If (A)

MMF Method: 1. Vph = 2. IL = Iph = (Volts) (Volts)

3. Calculating open circuit voltage = Vph + Iph Ra cos (Volts) 4. Field current corresponding to short circuit current = FAR (Amps) 5. FR = (Fo FAR sin + Iasc Xs) 2 + (FAR sin) 2 Where (+) for lagging power factor (-) for leading power factor

6. % Regulation =

x 100

PROCEDURE:
OPEN CIRCUIT TEST: 1. 2. 3. 4. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram. Keep the alternator side TPST open till the completion of OC test. The motor side DPST switch is closed and the set is started with the help of the 3-point starter. The set is run at various speeds by adjusting the field rheostat of DC motor and the corresponding voltage generated by the alternator is noted down by the voltmeter. 5. 6. This step is repeated up to the rated voltage generated by the alternator. By varying the alternator field rheostat, the voltage generated for different currents are noted and tabulated. SHORT CIRCUIT TEST: 1. 2. 3. 4. Give the connections as per the circuit diagram. The alternator terminals are short circuited by closing the TPST switch. The DC supply is given to the motor by closing DPST switch and the motor starts to rotate. The field rheostat of alternator varied up to rated current and the corresponding field current of alternator noted down. 5. Now the supply of the set is switched off by opening both DPST switches.

Tabulation:
EMF Method: cos 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Eph (Volts) Lag Lead Lag % Regulation Lead

MMF Method: cos 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Fo FAR Eph (Volts) Lag Lead % Regulation Lag Lead

GRAPH:
A) OC and SC characteristics curves are drawn as
1. 2. Field current Vs SC current Field current Vs OC voltage

B) The regulation curve is drawn between power factor and regulation.

1. Power factor Vs Regulation

MODEL GRAPH:

OC and SC Characteristics curve

Regulation curve

Model calculation for EMF method

Model calculation for MMF method

RESULT:
Thus the voltage regulation of an 3 phase alternator determined by EMF and MMF method.