ENGLISH 103 E N G L I SH103

AGUIDETO A GUIDETO

PRAYER PRAYER
IN ISLAM IN ISLAM
M. Abdul Karim Saqib Saqib

The Co-operative Office for Guidance at The Co-operative Office forCall Csll& foreigners to.eigne.s Guidance atSultanah Sullrnah
Under the supervisIOn 0 I Ministry 01 ic rs Endowment and Cal I and Gu idance Under suoeftsron 0llvinistrv 0lIslam lhe sam cAHai Alla $ and and Endowmenland Cal and Gu dance Tel Fax POBox 92675 Riyadh 11663 E-mail Sultanah22@holmail com Te 4240077 4240C// F 4251005 4251005P0 80x926i5Riyadh11663EnE Sullanah22@halma com

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ALIJ\H IN'IHE NAI}IE OF ALLAH IN THE NAME 11IE THE COMPASSIONATE COMPASSIONAIE MERCIFI,'L 'IHE TIIE MERCIFUL

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A GUIJD)E GII]I]Dtr TO

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A G GUIDE TO O PRAYER PRAYER UIDE T

IN r i l ISLAM rsLAM

by: Researched and by: Renearched andEdited Edited

Mohammed Abdul Karim Saqib. Karim Mohammed Abdul Saqib.

Translated by: by: Translated Ijaz Saqib. ljazBegum Begum Saqib.

FOREWORD FOREWORD Salat in There books dealing dealing with the There are are many many books the Subject Subiectof Salat lvell written both Many of these Arabic and thesebooks books are are well both Arabic Urdu. Many and Urdu. provide an and view of and provide informative and an informative and comprehensive comprehensiveview performed according teachhow Salat be performed the teachSalat should should be according to the (SAW). Unfonunately( Muhammad (SAW). there ings ings of Prophet Prophet Muhammad there in are in English which deal are very very few few books Englishwhich subjectin books in deal with the the subject the way. The books, the same same informative informativeand books, and comprehensive comprehensive way.The which do exist, which three main main disadvantages. disadvantages. exist, have havethree Firstly, literature Englishis is Firstly, literature concerning in English concerningSalat Salat available availablein points in either either so so brief that it does does not cover essentialpoints cover essential nearly enough nearly is so that it enough detail, detail, or it is so bulky bulky and and detailed detailedthat quick reference, becomes difficult to use becomes reference,and and esuse it for quick points may get lost sential detail. sentialpoints lost in in the the unnecessary may get detail. unnece$sary quality of direct Secondly, Secondly,the direct the Salat Salat lacks lacksthe the quality the text of the research from Prophet Muhammad Muhammad research from the zunnah of the the Prophet the sunnah (SAW). There with(SAW). There are also books books which which contain are also materialwithcontain material out any to the any reference reference the original originalsources. sources.
Thirdly, the the majority accordmajority of books books have have been been written according to the ing the views views held held by certain certain schools schoolsof thought thought and and for peoplehesitate reason this reason this some hesitateto follow them. some people them.

literaturein Because of these in Because weaknesses in English English theseweaknesses in existing existingliterature prgduce a medium we felt that the we the need need existed existed to prpduce medium sized sized book on book on Salat would approach approachthe Salat which which would the subject according subjectaccording (SAW). The Prophet Muhammad to io the the teachings teachingsof the the Prophet Muhammad(SAW). The Prophet,himself, Prophet, himself,said, said, "Pray as you have praying." "Pray as you haveseen seenme me praying." Such a book book needs needs.to Such to contain details contain all detailsof all the the essential essential Salat without being Salat being'too too bulky bulky or complicated that the the complicatedso so that journey or at readercan can use reader use it as referenceon a journey as a point 01 oJ reference home. home. ft was was also also felt that a comprehensive It that book comprehensive book on Salat in in on Salat English would would be be useful English useful for converts converts to Islam lslam and and for youth brought Muslim youth brought up Muslim in this up in this country. country. Keeping Keeping in

needs of our brothers brothers and and sisters sisters every every effort effort has has mind the needs been made made to produce produce this book in simple simple and and easy easy been language. language. During our research research we sometimes sometimes found that differences differences During practices in various prayer various prayer occurred between established practices occurred between established books. these circumstances circumstances we referred authentic referred to authentic books. In these (SAW), so hadiths of the Prophet so that the Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (SAW), hadiths of possible.This points could points could be be clarified clarified as as much as possible. This was, was, much as because, for a true Muslim there is is no greater greater proof for Muslim there because, for practices hadiths and settling arguments arguments than than authentic authentic hadiths and practices settling (SAW). of Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad(SAW). We hope Allah will accept accept this this humble humble attempt bebeWe hope that Allah cause and help help we we would never never have have without his his support and cause without been been able abfe to do this work. Finally and sisters sistersto study Muslim brothers brothers and study Finally we we ask ask all all our Muslim lf anyone the text and anyone according to it. If strive to pray according and to strive be against finds sunnah againstthe sunnah finds anything anything unacceptable unacceptableor to be (SAW) we grateful if they wo!!ld of the Prophet worrld Prophet (SAW) we would be be grateful inform us. us.

Muhammad Abdul Karim Muhammad Abdul KarimSaqib Saqib

CONTENTS c0ilrEilrs
Pages Pages

Foreword ............................. 5 Foreword 0 Notes .............................. t 10 Notes . . . .12 .t2 Chapter One .............................. . . . .12 .t2 Before doing Wudu Wuqu (Ablution) .............................. Before . . . .I .2 .............................. 12 Tooth Stick (Siwak) (Siwak) J2 ..............................12 Niyat for Wuflu Wuc;lu (Ablution) Niyat . . . . .r2 (Ablution) .............................. 12 Actions of wudu (Ablution) Actions of , . . . . I . 3 .............................. 13 Special facilities Ab.ution. in Ab.ution. Specialfacilities . . . .I .3 . 13 Du'a at the end of of Ablution Ablution Du'i[ 4 .............................. l 14 Tayammum r6 .............................. 16 Chapter Two Two ..... I6 .............................. 16 of $alat (Prayer) (Prayer) Time of , . . . 17 ..t7 .............................. Player for PraYer Forbidden Times for . . . .18 l.8 .............................. (PraYer) (Prayer) Place for $alat Place l.8 . . . . . .18 . .............................. (Prayer) Dress (Prayer) Dressfor $alat . . . . I . 9 .............................. 19 (Prayer) Types (Prayer) of $alat Types of $alat . . . .19 I. 9 .............................. FarQ Pra}er ObligatoryPraPr Far{ or Obligatory l.9 . . . ,19 .............................. Nafl Prayer Prayer , . . . . .20 (conPulsory) .............................. 20 Sunnat Mu'akkadah(canpulsory) SunnatMu'akkadah 20 .............................. 20 Nafl (extra) (extra) Prayer PraYer 22 .............................. 22 Number Rakats Number of Rakats 22 ..............................22 Chapter Three Chapter Three 23 Story of Azan ..............................23 Aian 23 The Muazzin .............................. 23 Muai2in The 24 Text .............................. 24 the Aian of the Text of Azan 24 .............................. 24 Fajr for Fajr Aian for Listening 25 .............................. 25 Aian to the the AZan Listeningto 25 .............................. 25 Dariidafter A2an the Azan Danidafter the 26 Du"a ..............................26 the Azan Aian after the Du'ii after 26 ..............................26 lqamat lqamat Text Iqamat of Iqamat Text of

Chapter . . . 28 ..28 Four ChapterFour 'Sutra . . . 28 ..28 'Sutra . . . ..28 Qiblah 28 Qiblah . . . . .28 Intention (Niyat) 28 (NiYat) Intention .....29 Talcbir Tahrimah 29 Takbir Tahrimah . . . 29 ..29 Folding hands Foldingof hands . . . ..29 .Recitation before Fatihah 29 Fatihah before Recitation . . . 30 ..30 Ta'awwuz Ta'awwuz 30 'fasmiah .....30 fasmiah . . . 31 . .I3 Surah Fatihah Fatihah Surah Recitation 32 FatihahBehind Recitationof Surah Bdrindan an Imam Imam ..-.-.32 SurahFatihah Ameen 32 .... .32 Ameen .........-....-.33 Recitation 33 Recitationafter Fatihah ._ after Surah SurahFatihah 34 Ruku (&owing) Ruku (J,owing) Du'as 35 Ruku Du'asin Ruku (standing ................36 36 Qawman (standing after Rukfr) afterRukii) Qawman Du'as 37 .... .37 Du'is in Qawmah Qawmah .....38 First .38 First Sajdah Sajdah .... .38 Du'as 38 Du'[s in Sajdah Sajdah (sitting .....39 Jalsah (sitting between two .39 Sajddrs) two Sajdcbs) Jalsah between .....40 Second 40 Sajdalt Second Sajdah .........40 Jalsah-e-Istarahat (sitting for rest) 40 (sitting for rest) Jalsah+-Istarahat Second 40 .....40 Rakat SecondRakat Tashahud 40 .....40 Tashahud ................41 .41 Standing up for up for third Rakat third Rakat Standing ................42 (Darfid) $alat Alan-Nabi (Dariid) -. .42 Alan-Nabi (Darfrd) ........42 Du'as Alan-nabi (Dari"xl) .42 Du'5safter after$alat Alan-nabi Ending 45 Fnding the the Prayer Prayer Du'as .45 Du'6s after Salutation 48 Chapter Five Witr Prayer Prayer .48 Witr Witr PraYer of Rakat of ofWitr Prayer 48 Number of Witr Prayer Time of Prayer 49 Time Pray Witr 49 How to Pray How Du'i Qunfit Quniit in witr Prayer Prayer 50 Du'i ................50 Text of Du'E Du'i Qunilt 50 .................5 51 Jumah (Friday (Friday Prayer) Prayer) Jumah 1 ..---...........51 Importance of Friday Friday Prayer Prayer 51 Importance Importance of of Cleanliness Cleanliness for lriday Iriday Prayer Prayer 51 .....51 lmportance ...-............52 Going early early to Friday Friday Prayer Prayer 52 Going Prayer before before Jumalt Jumah 52 Prayer

:"::::::::::::::::::::::::::

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8 I

Listening (Sermon Listeningto Khutbah Khutbah (Sennon Prayer Prayerafter afterJumah Jumah Eid Eid Prayer Prayer Janazah l)rayer Junazuh llrayer 'f Janazah Conduct Prayer Janazah Prayer Conduct,If First Fint Takbir l-akbir Du'as Du'Esof starting starting Surah Fatihah Surah Fatihah Recitation a Surah Surah Recitationof a Second SecondTakbir Third Third Takbir Takbir Du'as Du'frsof Janazah Janazah Prayer Ending Ending the the Janazah Janazah Prayer Takbir Fourth Takbir PrayerDuring Prayer During a a Journey Journey Whento shorten When Prayers shortenand combinePrayers and combine journey D-uration Duration of journey journey Natl Nafl Prayer on a Prayeron a journey
I

::::::::::::::::::::::::ii
53 54 .54 54 56 56 s7 57 57 57 57 57 58 58 58 58 58 58 59 59 59 59 6r 61 6l 61 6l 61 62 ........62 63 63 .63 63

oo oa oo oo oo tt

Notes about thtes about the Transliteration the Transliteration

hasbeen represent The system has to corresponding The following following beenadopted adopted system t0 represent r:orresponding sounds of Alphabet. Alphabet. sounds of the Arabic theArabic letter ArJbic letter Ar.rbic
English English Equivalent Equivalent a b t th rh J h h kh kh

Example Example
I t Arabic) Arabic)

Example Example English) ( English)

A p p le

I

Y
dr
'-oJ

,i

C; C c
..) J

c
j oJ

C c

Allah Allah bismillah bismillah Tirmizi Tirmizi uthman uthman Jabir Jabir Raheem Khalifah Khalifah
Dn.mi Dn, mi Aian Aian Asr fur zahid zahid salam sal5m shuaib shuaib salat wudu fahir fahir guhr Jam6'at JamIt'at Maghrib Maghrib Fajr Fajrlqamat Iqamat kitab kitab Jibreel Jibreel Muhammad Muhammad Nisai Nisai wu{u wUQu janazah janazah

J ) J )
tA IJ" ... ,.* fJ'" .c oj'

d i r I

z 2
s sh sh

j; -b

f

,
d {

I

gh gh f g q (l, k I J m I n U o w j t j h I \ in the ( the middle the letter) middleof of the letterI t in

15

e e
e
r

, ,

? 1

bat bat !oy loy through t.Drough jug iug bate [ate no English no English equivalent equivalent the lbe reEemble river liver gero !ero seen shop mop sardine noequivalent no equivalent no equivalent no equivalent razor no equivalent no equivalent no no equivalent equivalent fan lan queen queen feen f,een lean lean !!loon l[oon noon noon wallet fiallet ttour [our noequivalent no equivalent

c.S L5

y v

year 'year

to 10

The following following system system has has been been adopted adopted to to represent represent some some of of the the The complex sounds of the Arabic language. language. of theArabic sounds complex A macron macron (-) (-) placed placed 0n on a a transcribed transcribed Arabic Arabic vowel vowel indicates indicates A lengthening of the sound of that letter. letter. that of of thesound lengthening Arabic Arabic English English Equivalents Equivalents
Example Example (Arabic) (Arabic) AilAh Allih Raheem Raheem istanja istanja Example Example ((E n s l i s)h English) Apple Apple seen seen sit sit seen seen he he boot boot true true sew sew shovel shovel baY bay age age

.\.sL r 5l J )
ISo

a e
i or eee iio re hi hT u -u u aw aw aww aww ay ay ayy aYy iyy ivv
I

ee ee

.Jb 6

)1 ll jji f )1 ii (51 $i Cf t5i

'1 I'I

Dawud 0awfid awwal awwal

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its t0 its according sound Note: an letter sound according to letterchanges changes Arabic an Arabic $ometimes Note:Sometimes in heginning, the it is at position in the word; for example; whether it is at the beginning, in whether for example; position in theword; has Arabic letter the the middle or at the end. In such circumstances the Arabic letter has circumstances In such 0r at the end. ihe middle been represented by than one English equivalent. equivalent. English one than bymore more represented heen

Abbreviations Abbrwirtionr
The following The following abbreviations have been used in book. abbrwiations been have used inthis this book.

So W WA lIA SALLAM $Al,ALAYlll LAt Lllltj AlAYHI $tt-lAl ul. LANU $ ,A A. U v , SAl0 0

l{ltII 8t UPON uP0tHIM II PEACt AND OF ALt PtACr 0F AllAH At0 BLESSING 8l.tS$lll0 Af{ BE
R A. R .A
0 0

RADI ALLAHU I/ANHA Ailll|| Ail.llf lillA |J ANHU RA0t

PLtA$t0 lllt/ HER l{tR IIMAY WITh |1 llh HIMI Aruil BE 8t PLEASED tAy ALLAH
11 11

Chcrpter I Chapter
B E F O HDOING D EO I N G WIJOU BEFORE WUQU goto lf someone someone needs to go to the If needs to he use the and do thetoilet, toilet, heshould use thetoilet toilet and do should before istanja doing wudu. istanja before doing wudu. A B L U T IN O ABLUTION -STICK) (TO SIWAK SIWAK (TOOTH--STlCK) OTH goodpractice practice It is a good is a to clean It to the with or clean theteeth teeth with a a tooth-stick, tooth-stick, or a a toothtoothperforming brushbefore before you can brush performing wudu. wudu.In In this thisway way you canavoid many avoidmany which diseases arecaused by unclean caused diseases which are by teeth. unclean teeth. (R.A.) mentioned As in Aisha (R.A.) reported Allah's messenfu mentioned in the thehadith hadith Aisha reported Allah's messen'The use of a tooth-stick is a means of purifying geras assaying:saying:ger ''The the useof a tooth-stick is a means of purifying the pleasing mouth andis is pleasing to the the Lord Lordas aswell" well" mouth and to ) (Ahmad. (Ahmad. Oarmi, and ..l Nisai 0armi, andNisai (S.A.W.) Prophet Muhammad "lf I wouldn't Prophet Muhammad (S.A.WJ also said:"If have felt also wouldn't said:have felt people diffic,ult that it it is is difficult for my my people wouf that for I would ordered them a d have have ordered themto to use use a prayer, tooth-stick with every with that doing wuQu. tooth-stick everyprayer, that is, is, before before doingeach wudu.So" each So, (S.A.W.). muslims should muslims should always try of (S.A.W.). always try to fulfilthis thiswish Prophet to fulfil wish of our ourProphet (N|YAT) I NTENT|0N M A K T N INTENTION G MAKING FOR (NIYAT) F 0 RWUI}U WUgU Before starting the actions actions Before starting the 0 it is to o wu{u is necessary necesary t0 make makeniyat. niyat. Make Make Niyat Niyat that that the the act act of of performing performing wuf,u is for the the purpose purpose of is for purity purity onfy. only. Niyat Niyat should should be be made made in in the the heart heart because because it is is an an action action of of the the heart heart and and not not of of the the tongue. tongue. Niyat Niyat by by words words is is not not approved approved by by Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.l. (S.A.W.). Then Then start start the the wu{u by by saying:saying:- Bismillbh Bismillah hir-ra[rma nir-raheem nir-raheem (ln (In the the name name of Allah, Allah, most most graciou$, gracious, most most merciful)" merciful)
II

FO RMIIIIG ACTIONS FOR FOR PER PERFORMING ABLUTION. ACTIO]tIS A8 LUTIOI{. l. 1. Wash Wash the the hands hands up up to the the wrist wrist making making sure sure that that n0 no part part of the the hands hands is is left left dry. dry. 2. 2. Rinse Rinse the the mouth mouth taking taking up up water water w;th with the the right right hand. hand. 3. 3. Clean Clean the the nose: nose: sniff sniff water water up up from from the the right right palm palm and and then then eject eject water water with with the the left left hand. hand.
12 1 2

a. 4. {ash Wash the the face, face, from from ear ear to -eat, ear, and and forehead forehead to to chin chin making making sure sure that that no no part part of the the face face is is left left dry. dry.

5. Then Then rvash wash the the forearms forearms (right (right forearm forearm first) first) up up to the the elbou,s elbows 5. making sure sure that that no no part part of them them is is left left dry. dry. making 6.Rub the head head as as follows:follows:Rubthe 6. Wet your your fingers fingers and and then then wipe wipe the the head head with with your your fingerqnstarting fingers,starting Wet from the the forehead, forehead, taking taking them them to to the the nape nape of the the neck, neck, then then from bring them them back back to to the the forehead. forehead. bring
7. 7. Clean Clean the the ean ears by by inserting inserting the the tips tips of the the index index fingers fingers wetted wetted with with unter water into into the the ears, ears, twist twist them them around around the the foids foids of the the ears ears then then pass pass the the thumb thumb behind behind the the ears ears from from the the bottom, bottom, upwards. upwards. *Washthe (right foot 8. making sure making sure to the the ankles ankles the feet feet (right fint) up up to 8. *Wash foot first) toes. the toes. that parts of the between the betrueen left dry, dry, especially that no no parb the feet feetare areleft especially * S P E C I AFACILITIES L A C I L I T I EIN *SPECIAL ABLUTION IS il A F BLUTIOT{

Rubbing the instead of washing the Eubbing the socks hands instead the feet; feet; with wet wet hands washing sockswith provided perfonr' put allowed, provided that the socks have been put on after perfonr',lg allowed, ,rg have been after that the socks 0n an including washing the for an ablution, ablution, feet.This Thisis hours including washing the feet. is allowed for 24 24 hours aflowed person from and 3 days if the is on a journey. journey. fromthe the time for3 timeof of ablution, days isona ablution, andfor theperson After Similarly if there is After this thistime feetmust time the the feet bewashed. washed. there isa wound wound mustbe Similarly pars of the ablution, in in and in any bodywhich washed in ablution, any parts whichhas hasto to be bewashed andif the body particular part is permisible washing that part harm, it is is permissible washing is likely likelyto harm, that particular t0 cause cause to wipe wipethe thedressing thewound dressing of the to of with wound witha wet wethand. hand.
HADITH HAOITH
(S.A.W.) "Prophet(S.A.W.) performed Mughira bin said, performed ablution ablution Mughira binshu'bah said, "Prophet shu'bah and over his and andwiped wiped hissandals." sandals." over andhis hissocks socks (Ahmad, (Ahmad, Tirmizi, Abu and andIbn lbn Majah). Maiah). Dawild, Tirmizi, Abu Dawud, performed Muhammad Each detail of ablution has been performed by Muhammad by Prophet Prophet detail has been of ablution Each (except (S.A.W.) and (S.A.W,) once, rubbing of of head headand times(except rubbing threetimes once,twice 0r three twice or bb done doneonce). cleaning of 6 and and 7 should only be once). actions of ears, i.e. actions shouldonly cleaning ears,i.e. (S.A.W.)t we Since methods meet (S.A.W,}'s approval we meetProphet Prophet approval methods the above above Sinceall all the can ablution by the once, twice or times. perform by doing doing theactions 0r three three times. once, twice ablution canperform actions parthas drY. provided that left provided been left dry. hasbeen that no no Dart grand' quoting hisgrandAmr quoting his on of theauthority of his father on the authority hisfather bin Shuaib, Shuaib, Amr bin "lf father that Muhammad (S.A.W.) said, "If anyone Muhammad anyone Prophet said, that Prophet fathernarrated narrated {S.A.W.) done wrong, timesrhe hasdone performs actions of more has wrong, performs morethan than3 times,he ablution actions of ablution transgressed, and wickedly. wickedly. anddone done tramgresed, (Nisai, (Nisai, Ibn lbn Majah) Majah)

DU'A AT T H EEND A T THE O FABLUTION ABLUTIOT{ E i l DOF OU'A

"Ashhadu "Ash an aha anIii hadu l5iI itaha iIIallahu Ifshareeka lahu illalldhuwah rmhdahu dahu lf shareeka lahfi 13 13

wa hadu atrna haduan-na ash waash

'abduhE wa Muhammadan 'abduhu wa illuhammadan (Mrnliml. rasuluhu: (Muslim). rruluhu:

fi;*l t f "e,j'i

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l,frglilfS *r;i;*i

'alnse minat "Allah minat hummaj mai'alnn "Allahhum hlneo minal taw-wlbeen"Mj minal trpwlbmn sni 'alnee (Tirmiril. ph-hiren."(TirmizH. muta mub18h-hireen."

rfi'i-*$s;#l

<tr;:toiriFi"isl..v}bQy*;5lrtirest;ay;$rf
alone. "1 is Allah alone. And deityexcept Allah AndI testify testify "l testify there is no tctify that that there no rjeity except (S.AW.I that (S.A.W.) is servant and messenger." His and isHis messenger." Muhammad servant thatMuhammad (Muslim) (Muslim) penitent whoare me "0 Allah me those who and me Allahmake among those arepenitent andmake make make meamong purified." among those who purified." are thoss whoare among (Tirmizil (Tirmizi)

TAYAMMUM TAYATIi,IUIt|
whenwater In when cannot be or just enough is rvater In circumstances be found, found, or just is circumstancs cannot enough or it is available for or to in situations for drinking, drinking, is injurous iniufous in such situations t0 health: health: such arailable (dry performed. Tayammum (dry ablution) can be beperformed. ablution) Tayammum can procedure given Hadith. The below is according to and below according to Ouran Ouran The procedure is given and Hadith. you don't ".........And if you then earth ".........And don'tfind water, thentake find any anywater, takeclean eafth clean (orsand) yourface, Allahdoes (or and and Allah not face, andhands. does notwish wish rub it on on your hands. andrub sand) youclean, put you you in wants andto to but to you and difficulty, but he hewants to make make to in a a difficulty, clean, to put youshould grateful you,so to Him." Him." complete -His favour be to frvourunto untoyou, so you should be grateful complete-His (Thepermission (Surah permision purpose to use for this (Surah V. 6). to sand for is use is V. verse verse sand thispurpose 6). (The allowed in the Quran). the Ouran). in allorved
PROCEDURE U8E PRO CEO

in the hmrt. 1. niyat in Make niyat theheart. l. Make withthe 2. with of thename name of Allah. 2. Begin Begin Allah. palms bothpalms 3. both of sand, dust conof hand dustor Strike handon on clean or anything anything con3. Strike clean sand, palms. these, taining these, e.g. etc. taining wall or blowinto e.g.wall or stone stone etc.then fren blow into the the palms. pafms pan the pass of over and the palms both hands overthe ruh of both the face faceonce once thenrub hands andthen palmand yourright rit'rt hand your with with hand with the the left left palm right andleft lett hand hand theright with the palml. palm). (Bukhari (Bukhari and Mrslim). andMuslim).
14 14

4. Finish Finish with with the the same same Du'd Du'a as as given given at the the end end of ahlution. ablution. 4. Note: 0ther Other procedures procedures include include the the forearms forearms and .and shoulders shoulders as as well well m as f{ote: armpits. These These have have been been transmitted transmitted by reputable reputable scholan scholars but the the armpits. most preferable preferable and and authentic authentic is is that that given given above. above. most

o o o oooooo

15 15

Chapter Chspter 2 2
- DRESS - TYPES TIME - PLACE PTACE DRESS and TIME TYPES OF and OF SALAT SALAT I . TIME TIME O FSALAT SALAT 1. OF Each,qalat. beoffered offered proper at or orduring Each must at its proper time.. during_iu time..No plat Cln Noflist crn Tult be be offered offered before its time. time.There There be before its are obligatory falat in a day. arefive five.obligatory dat iiiiaai. FAJR PRAYEB FAJR PRAYER Thetime time for for the the Fajr Fajror or the the morning The prayer starts at morning prayer starts at dawn dawnand and atsun-rise. ends sunrise. ends at Pnyer ZuhrPrayer Zuhr prayer The time for Zuhr Zuhr or The prayer starts time for the early or the earlyafternoon aftemoon rtartswhen whenthe the begins to decline decline sun to from the sunbegins f rom its its zenith zenithand andends wtren thesize an endrwhen rizeof an obiectt isequal object's shadow is to of to the the size of the shadow equal theobject. obiect. 'The angel Jibreel came (R.A.l narrated, Jabirbin bin Abdullah Abdulfah Jabir (R.A.) "The narrated, angel Jibreel cams 'Stand (S.A.W.) to Prophet Prophet Muhammad to Muhammad (S.A.W.) and up andsaid saidto to him, him, 'Stand up and and (S.A.W pray Zuhr'. Zuhr'. I prayed prayedZuhr the messenger pray So of \ messenger of Allah So the Allah (S.A.W Zuhr when the the sun had decl declined from its when ined from sun had its zenith. zenlth.Then Then the tne Angel Anget 'Standup and Jibreel again at the the time time of Jibreel came again at came of Asr Asr and andsaid, said,'Stand up and (S.A.W.) PrayAsri Prophet ThenProphet Muhammad prayed Pray Then Muhammad (S.A.W.) prayed Asr when Asr'when the shadow everything the shadow of everything was equal Then Jibreel came was equal to itself. itself. ThenJibreel came (S.A.W.) the day to the next next day to Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.) and and said, said,'Stand Stand (S.A.W.) and pray up and pray Zuhr'. Zuhr', Then Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.) prayed ThenProphet prayed !p Zuhr Zuhr when when the the shadow shadow of everything everything was was equal equal to itself. itself. Then Then Jibreel Jibreel came came again again at at Asr Asr time time and and said, said, 'Stand 'Stand up up and and pray pray Asr'. Asr'. Then Then he he prayed prayed fur Asr when when the the shadow $hadow of everything everything rvas was trvice twice its length length _ its Therr Then Jibreel Jibreel said, said, (after (after praying praying 10 10 prayers prayers with with Prophet Prophet MuhamMuhammad mad (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) in in nruo two consecutive consecutive days) days) that that the the time time of prayer prayer is is in in between between th$e these two two timesl" times:" Ahmad, Ahmad, Nasai, Nasai, Tirmizi Tirmizi and and Bukhari Bukhari remarked remarked that that this this is is the the most most authentic authentic hadith hadith giving giving the the times times of prayer. prayer. We We find find that that many many books books on on $alat state the the ending ending time time of Zuhr Zuhr prayer prayer and and the the starting starting time time of fui Asr prayer prayer whEn when the the shadow shadow of something something is is twice twice itself. itself. But But this this contradicts contradicts the the above above hadith hadith as as 0n on the the first first day day Jibreel Jibreel asked asked Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) t0 to pray pray fur Asr when when the the shadow shadow of everything everything was was equaf eQuat to to itself. itself. This This means means that that was was the the end end time time of of Zuhr Zuhr prayer. prayer. And And we we already already know know that that all all the the ulamas ulamas of of the the Muslim Muslim Ummah Ummah 1 6 16

agree unanimously unanimously that that n0 no prayer prayer can can be be offered offered before before its its time. time. agree Asr Prryer Prayer Arr The trme time for for Asr Asr or or late late afternoon afternoon prayer prayer starts starts when when the the shadow shadow The of something something is is equal equal to to itself itself and and ends ends just just bef before sunset. oresunset. of orethe It is is better better to to offer offer fur Asr prayer prayer bef before the sun sun beeomes becomes yellow yellow It because even even though though it it is is allowed allowed to to offer offer the the orayer prayer at at this this because time the the Prophet Prophet (S.A.Y{.} (S.A.W.l disliked disliked Muslims Muslims to to 0elay Oelay fur Asr prayer prayer time up to this this time. time. He He remarked remarked that that the the Munafiq Munafiq (Hypocritel (Hypocrite) up offered his his prayer prayer at at this this time. time. offered Maghrib Praycr Prayer Maghrib The time time for for the the Maghrib Maghrib 0r or th0 sunset sunset prayer prayer starts starts just just after after The sunsp.t and and ends ends when when twilight twilight has has disappeared. disappeared. sunset !sha Prayer Prayer !sha The time time for for lsha Isha or or night night prayer prayer starts starts from from the the disappearaitue disappearance The just of twilight and ends just before midnight. midnight. before ends and of twilight is preferable preferable io to offer offer this this prayer prayer before before midnight midnight but but it It ii the can be be offered offered right right uo uo tn to thp. break break of of dawn' dawn. can where Note: In countries countries where due due to to cloudy cloudy weather weather the the sun sun is is not not In l,lote: always visible it is is advisable advisable to to follow follow printed printed calendars calendars giving giving the the visible alurnys accurate time of prayer. of each each time accurate PraYer. FORBIDDEN TIMES OF PRAYER HAYER F ORBIDDE T N IMES O FP There uqbahbin bin Amir were Uqbah were three times at Allah's Amir said, said," There three times at which which Allah's (S.A.W.) messenger forbidus prayor messenger (S.A. W.) used to used to forbid us to to pray bury our 0r bury our dead. dead. (i) When When began (i) the to untir fully thesun sunbegan rise untitit was to rise was fullyup. up. (ii) When Whenthe the sun sun was was at at its (jj) til! heightat at midday its height midday til! it passed the themeridian, meridian, (iii) When When (iii) the near to till set:' thesun sundrew drew near to setting setting till it had had setl' (MUSLIM) (MUSLIM) FORBIDDEN TIMES FOR NAFl PRAYER PRAYER FOR NAFL TiIl M E S FOBBIDDE
H,

(i) {i}

(R.A.)reported mes$enger Abu al (R.A.) Allah's messenger reported Allah's al Khudree Khudree Abu Sa'eed Sa'eed Fair "No prayer the Fajr (S.A.W.) prayer afterthe is to (S.A.W.) as "No is be said to be saidafter as saying, saying, prayer the until the the Asr prayer or until prayeruntil rises, or after afterthe fur prayer the sun sun rises, until the sun setsl' sunsets:' ( B u k h a r i 'Muslim) &uslim) M (Bukhari-& missed a missed but a prayer timesbut Only is at times these is forbidden at these forbidden nafl prayer Only naf1 Muslim of the theMuslim theulamas ulamas fard can de Most of prayer Mostof of the de offered. offered. san fardprayer prayerafter after Um'mah the fard missed fard prayer of missed offeringof allowed the offering Ummahallowed hadith Fair and Asr because of the following hadith following the because of Fajr andfur '1/Vho (S.A.W.) forgotten Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) said, has forgotten Prophet said, 'Who has Muhammad prayit remembers iti' prayerhe pray he it:' the he remembers it whenever whenever he should the prayer should ( B u k h a& r i Muslim) Muslim) & (Bukhari

(ii) (ij)

lqamat prayer the Iqamat for fard fard A cannot be once for be offered oncethe A nafl offered nafl prayer cannot prayer prayer has said. nal'rated that Hurairah that the the mes: mesbeen Abu Hurairah flarrated hasbeen said.Abu
17 17

't{hen the (S.A.W.l hasbeen been said, lqanlat senger of said, "When has said" the Iqamat senger Allah(S.A.W.) of Allah said, (Nafl or prayer then, there is valid except the thenrthere is no valid(Nafl the no prayer or sunnat) sunnat) except prayer Fard Fard prayer for was said." was for which whichthe lqamat the Iqamat said." (Ahmad (Ahmad & Muslim) Muslim) practice people is seen in practice It is in that continue with that many manypeople seen with the the continue prayer sunnat sunnat prayer even the has though the iqamat iqamat wen though hasbeen beensaid saidfor for the the prayer prayer. Fajr prayer. far{ prayer especially in They epecially in the the Fajr They feel feelthat that the the Rakat Fajrcan 2 Rakat sunnat of before the sunnat of Fajr be offered canonly only be offered before the Far{. practice This practice against This is congregation Philosophy, discipline is against Philosophy, congregation discipline Jamd'at, and a clear of Jama'at, and violationof Hadith. Hadith.They clearviolation They should should offer 2 rakat rakatsunnat Fairimmediately immediately offer after sunnatof of Fajr Fardor afterthe the Fard or aftersunrise. after sunrise.

2. FOR SALAT PLACE 2 . PLACE FOR SALAT

purpose place A place or which for of is used used woship building for the the purpose of worship or a building whichis (Mosque). "all prayeris tellsus and a masjid A hadith us that that "all and prayer is called mciid (Mosque). hadithtells called (Pure for the Muslims, and the for a mosque (Pure and beenrendered rendered the Muslims, mosque the earth earthhas hasbeen clea!l)." clmn)." be he he can This a muslim This means wherever muslimmight offer his his mearsthat that wherever mightbe can offer grmEr prayer prayerbut prayer offered in is in a mosque but the reuardof a prayer offered mosque is far far greater the revvard place. points than in place. The points should an ordinary Thefollowing following thanthat that offered in an ordinary should offered prayer. place for prayer. be when a place for whenchoosing benoted noted choosing (a) The place pure. The place be clean in a dirty, dirty,filthy (a) should $alat in andpure. filthy and and shouldbe clan and placesuch impure house, bathing tip, slaughter house, impure place such as if a rubbish rubbishtip, bathing slaughter penis place place and pen anda camel isforbidden. forbidden. camel (bl The placeshould The place from danger. (b) The be free free from danger. The danger danpr could shouldbe be could be due to due or that the to someone that may someone or something maydisturb disturb the worshipper. something worshipper. (c) A prayer prayerplace placewhere (c) might wherethe the worshipper worshipper mighthinder hindermovement movement pavements, others publicroadof should e.g. public be avoided, busy pavements, of others avoided, e.g.busy roadshouldbe waysetc. ways etc. (Ka'bahl. (d) It prayon (d) to pray (Ka'bah). lt is isforbidden forbidden on the the roof roofof of Saitullah Baitullah (e) It lt is forbidden prayon isforbidden grave. (e) to towards a grave. to pray on top top of or facing or facing towards DRESS 3. FOR 3. DRESS FORSALAT SATAT

MEN MEN
(i) (j) The dress dres for for the The be from the men menshould should besuch that it covers suchthat covers from the the navel kneemt navel to the least. the kneesat lect. 18 18

(iil (in (iiil (iii)

The shoulders should should not not be be left left uncovered. uncovered. ThEshoulders $alat can tan be be prayed prayed in in one one garment garment if it covers covers the the body body $alat from the the navel navel to the the knees knees as as well well as as the the shoulders. shoulders. from "None of you you must must pray pray in in a sin$e single garment garment of whirh whilh no no "None part comes comes over over the the shoulderj' shoulder:' part
( BUKHAR IM USLIM} (BUKHARI & MUSLIM) &

If, however, however, the the grment garment is is not not long long enough enough to to uover cover the the lf, shoulders then then parts parts of the the body body between between the the navel navel and and shoulders the knees knees should should at at least least be be covered. covered. the

WOMEN EN W OM
The dress dress of the the woman woman should should be be such such that that it covers covers her her whole whole The body from from head head to foot foot leaving leaving only only the the face face and and the the hands hands un' un body covered. A A prayer prayer offered offered in in transparent transparent clothing clothing is is not not valid. valid. Also Also covered. the body should tight which the of body should of the whichshows the shape shape shows fitting clothing tight fitting cfothing be avoided. avoided. be
4. OF L A T 4 . TYPES TYPES O FS A

a) or $alat. or obligatory obligrtory Salat. a) Fard

is ordered prayer. ordered Fard prayer is prayer. Every is prayer [very believer believer is an obligatory an obligatory prayers Failure to day. Failure by prayers in to in a a day. five obligatory Allahto to offer obligatory by Allah offer five prayers a serious observe anyone prayers is and is a serious five obligatory obligatory any one of the five observe of the and punishable punishable sin. sin.
b) Prayer. ltlaflPrayer. b) NafJ

(S.A.W.) prayer This prayer which the (S.A.W.) observed Prophet observed theProphet is a voluntary which Thisis a voluntary lt also occasions. also before or at and occasions. It isolated and isolated before or after at special special after Fard prav. includes those which he Muslims to Muslims to pray. which heencouraged includes those encouraged

The can into categones. NaflPrayer Prayer divided intothree three TheNafl bedivided categortes. canbe
(compuhory) (i) Sunnat (i) Mu'akkadah (compulsory) Mu'akkadah Sunnat (S.A.W.) HolyProphet Prophet That which are emphasized by (S.A.W.) by the theHoly whic,h are Thatis isthose those emphasized and by or prayrlr. or after afterthe regularly by him him before before the Fard offeredregularly and offered (optional) (iil Ghair (ii) Mu'akkadah (optional) Mu'akkadah Gheir Prophet Muhammad offered only by Muhammad That is those by Prophet Thatis those offered onlyoccasionally occasionally (s.A.w.l. (S.A.W.).

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(iiil Nell (Extnl (iii) Prryrr(Extrl) thfl Preyer prayer. is an Thb is anextra praying There reward for praying This prayer. There is for it extra isa a reward it and andno no forleaving leaving it. It sinfor lt can beoffered sin it. be at isolated instante atcordatany instance can offered any isolated accordingto to the thetime timeand and ing capacity of Prophet Muhammad capacity of the thebeliever. Prophet believer. Muhammad (S.AW,) praynatl (S.A.W.) encouraged the to encouraged the believers believers t0 pray nall to to help helpmake make up for for any anyminor minor ombsions up omissions or defects in or other other defec$ in the theobligatory obligatory praysr. prayer. 5. NUMBER TUTIBER FORTHEFIVE OFRAKATS RAKATS FIVEOBLIGATORY 5. OF FORTHE PRAYERS OETIGATORY PRAYERS (il Fejr (0 FrirPrlyer. Prryrr. rakar Mu'akkadah, 2 rakats sunnat Rakats 2 sunnat Mu'akkadah, 2 Fard. 2 Rakats (ii) Zuhr Prryrr, Zuhr (ii) Prlver. rakats Mu'akkadah, rakats 2 or sunnat Mu'akkadah, 4 rakats far{, 2 rakats sunnat or 4 rakats rakab sunnat sunnat Mu'akkadah Mu'akkadah and number of capandan number timeand anunspecified unspecified of nafl and naflas ro time capalloun. acity acity allows. (R.A.) "l prayed prayed Ibn (R.AJ said alone with messenger lbn Umar Umar with Allah's Allah's mesengel said"I alone (S.A.W.) prayer." rakats rakats Zuhrprayer." (S.A.WJ 2 rakats before and after afterthe the Zuhr before and2 rakats (BUKHAR (BUKHARI &I MUSLIM) MUSLIM)
practice familiarpractice Zuhr It is to sunnat is a familiar offer 4 rakats rakats beforeZuhr to offer sunnatbefore prayer, proves rakatsunnat prayer, but that but this this hadith that 2 rakat hadith proves beforethe the sunnatbefore prayer Zuhrprayer Zuhr is allowed. isalso also allowed.

(iiil Asr Arr Praver. Prryrr. (iii) 0r 4 rakats rakat sunnat 2 or 4 rakats sunnatghair Mu'akkadah, rakatsFard. Fard. $rair Mu'akkadah, (R.A.) "Allah's Ali (R.A,) (S.A.W.} Ali said, "Allah's messenger,(S.A.W,) used to pray 4 rakats said, messenfr used t0 pray rakafu before Ae r prayer before Per prayer separating them with tation........" ssparatang them witha asalll salu tation........" (TlBftllZll (TfRMIZI) (R.A.) "Allah's Ali (R.AJ Another hadith narrated by says, "Allah's messenger Another hadith narrated by Ali says, mesenger (S.A.W.} (S.A.WJ used to pray two before Asr prayer." _ to pray tw'orakats rakas before Asrprayer." used (ABU (ABU DAWUO} DAWUO) (ivl (iv) Mrghrib Meghrib Prryar. Preyer. 2 rakats fard,2 rakats rakats nafl, nafl, 3 rakan rakats fard, rakats sunnat sunnat Mu'akkadah Mu'akkadah and and an an unspacified unspecified number number of of' nafl nafl 6 as time time and and capacity capacity allows. allows.
Abdullah Abdullah bin bin Mughaffal Mughaffal reported reported the the Prophet Prophet (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) as as saying, saying, 2 0 20

"Pray before prayerj' beforethe the Maghrib Maghrib "Pray prayer;' adding when it the adding whensaying saying the "This thirdtime, time,"This third applies to who to applies to those those whowish wish to do d0so." s0." (EUKHAR &USL|MI (BUKHARI &tMUSLIM) M people Thatwas wasbecause because did not he did wish people That he to not wish t0 treat treatit as asa a comcompulsory pulsory sunnat. sunnat. rakats naflafter after 2 rakats nafl sunset and the prayer before prayer sunset andbefore themaghrib maghrib a r eallowed allowed f o r tliose tliose l v h owish w i s hto are for who ::0. t o do F o r this do: 0 . For t h i sthe t h e above above hadithis is a proof.However, a sure sureproof. However, people hadith some people forbid some forbidthis thisand and find it very othersfind person very suange others if they offer srrange theysee seea a person rakats offer2 rakats naflbefore before natl Maghrib. Maghrib. (v) Isha (v) Prayer. lsha Pmyer. rakats An unspecified number nafl rakats An number of according to unspecified 0f nafl according the time time to the andcapacity capacity, and 4 rakats fard, sunnat Mu'akkadah, unfard,2 rakats rakats rakats Mu'akkadah, sunnat unnumber specified number of allows and specified of nafl nafl'as as time time and and capacity alloran capacity and 3 witr. witr.
I

people very emphatically Some insist very upon of insist Somepeople upon the emphatically offering the offering of 4 prayer beforethe rakats sunnat before but rakatsoptional ishaprayer optional the isha but during duringour sunnat our proof,any practice find a entire we proof, research we could not find a single single any practice could not entireresearch (S.A.W.) Prophet Muhammad or Muhammad (S.A.WJ or from Prophet hiscompanions or order or his orderfrom companions praynafl to justify this Certainly it tQ Certainly is allowed allowed thisclaim. it is ta pray while to justify naflwhile claim. waiting for for Jama'at. Jamd'at. waiting prayer. peopleoffer HowSome .nafl after Howrakats the witr witr prayer. afterthe Somepeople offer 2 rakats whichstates ever, hadith that thereis an authentic authentic hadithwhich that the the witr witr is an states evet,there person prayer be offered a person wishcs prayer should be after wishes afterall all the the nafl naflwhich offered whicha should prayhave to been offered. to pray have been offered. (S.A.W) (H.A.)reported Mesenger Ibn that of Allah(S.A.W.) lbn Umar reported thatthe the Messenger of Allah Umar(R.A.) prayerl' "Make prayer your said, "Make witr as the last prayer of your night prayer:' night of witr asthelat said,

(MtsH (MISHKAT) KATI

o o o

o o

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Chapter Chspter J t
AZAN ..... IQAMAT AZAN IQAMAT
you know, As in all Muslimcountries Aian is is called aloud As you know, in alf Muslim countriesAian calledaloud you ever youmust wondered it. Have five a heard it. you wondered fivetimes heard Have times a day day and musthave have ever andyou how howit started? stafted?

n2nr*r STORY OF 0FAZAN sroRY

Madinah A long when the migrated from to longtime timeago ago theMuslims Muslims migrated fromMakkah Makkah when to Madinah prayer. they to about prayer. timefor for the the congregational they used used to agree agree abouta a fixed fixedtime congregational prayer remember for the They the They found foundit difficult difficultto time fixed fixed for the prayer t0 remember the time especially when sometimes, when they were busy busydoing doingtheir work. One they were their work. One sometimesrespecially (S.A.W.) Muslims discused day (S.A.WJ and discussed the day Prophet ProphetMuhammad Muhammad and the the Muslims the prayerat people the for prayer matter for the the congregational at the the matterof congregational of calling the people calling believers of suggested the of like exact time.Some the believers suggested the use use like exacttime. Some of the of something something the others the the bell bell of the the Christians, Christians, othes suggested the use a horn suggested ussof a hornlike likethat that (R.A.) of but (R.A.) suggested sending someone to somsone t0 announce announce the Jews, but Umar suggested sending of the Jews, Umar (S.AW.)appointfd prayer.Then Messenger (S.A.W.) Bital the appointed Bilal to Then Allah's Allah's Messenger t0 the prayer. people prayer. call to But through the t0 prayer. But it seems through the people seems thestudy ahadith callthe studyof ahadith Prophet Then Muhammad that that the methodwas was not Then Prophet Muhammad the method not satisfactory. satisfactory. (a oooch), (S.A.W.} (S.A.WJ agreed to (a something like Naqoose like the bell agreed to use usea a NaQoose something the bell eonch), of but to of its wc not to use because of Christians but he hewas not happy happy useit because itssimilarity Christians similarity with with the the Christians. Christians. (S.A.W.) Prophet hadordered After Muhammad (S.A.WJ had a AfterProphet Muhammad ordered a bell bellto to be bemade made gather people prayer; so the to on to gather the people to prayer; on that that that it could be struck struckto so that couldbe "l bin Zaid Abdullah Zaidbin Abd Rabbihi"said, Rabbihirsaid, same day Abdullah bin "1 day a bin Abd same a companion, companion, a naqoose was sleeDing when a a in and nagoose hishands, whenI saw a man mancarrying in his hands, and vrras sleeping saw carrying 'Servant you sell When I said, he will you to me?' me?'When Allah,will selfthis this to he asked said,'Servant of Allah, cked replied,that what that we we would woufddo do with with it?t it?l replied, woulduse to call what I would useit to callthe the guide peopfe prayer. youto people to He you better Hesaid, not guide to something better t0 prayer. ShalfI not somsthing said, 'Shall tnld me he told than so repliedr'Certainly', t0 sav. thanthat?' that?'I replied/Certainly', so he meto sav,

'Allehu Akbar, A/llJhu 'AI/ahu Akbar, AllEhu Akbar, Akbar, Allahu Allahu Akbar, Akbar, AI/shu Altdhu ,Ash hadu an Ii AkMr, Ash lE ilaha ildha illal illal lah, Akbar,. lEh, ash hdu an la xh hadu li ilaha il6ha illal lEh, Ash Ash hadu an-na an-ru,Mul)ammadar Mufiammadar resulu//iJh, iI/allah, resitut4en, Ash Ash hadu 'al4 $a/ah, MuQammadAr rasulul-llJh, galEh, payya an-na Mul)ammadilr rafilullEh, an-na I)ayya bayya 'a/Sf bayya 'alq galdh 'alal 'alal-falEh 'alSf payya 'alaI falal), Qayya 'alaI-fa Ilh fa6h, AllEhu fuayya fuayya ' Allahu Aktur, AI/ahu AllEhu Akbar, Akbar, ' illal lilh.'l Aktur, La G ilaha ilffia iI/allah.

22 22

After the the Aian Aian the the stranger stranger kept kept quiet quiet for for a a while while and and then then After Akbar, Allihu you say:said, When the congregation is you should say:Allahu Akbar, ready should is {lhen the congregation said, lah,fuh Allfihu Akbar. Akbar, Ash Ash hadu hadu an an li Iii lilaha lilaha illal iIIallah, Ash hadu hadu an'na anna [luhamMuhamAll6hu 'alaqsalah, bayya 'alal madar ras0lul-lifr, rasOlul-lah, hayya 'ala, galih, qad qad qEma qama tis tis bayya 'alai fal-ah, madar qad qad q6ma qama tii tis iaieh, salah, A[l6hu AII3hu Akbar, Akbar, All6hu Allahu Akbar, Akbar, li la ilihillal ilatll illal satah, lah. H h. When II told told Allah's Allah's Mesenger Messenger (S'A.W.) (S.A.W.) in the the morning morning what what When had seenrhe seen1he said, said, 'lt 'It is is a true true vision, vision, insha'Allah, inshaAllah, so so get get up up along along with with II had Bilal, and and when when you you have have taught taught him him what what you you have have seen seen let let him him use use Bilal, making the the call call to prayer, prayer, for for he he has has stronger stronger voice voice than than you you it in making have'. have'. So I I got got up up along along with with Bilal Bilal and and begnn began to teach teach it to him, him, and and So he used used it in making making the the call call to grayer.. praver. he Umar bin bin al-Khattab al-Khattab heard heard this this' when when he he wu was in in his his house, house, and and Umar he came came out out trailing trailing his his cloak cloak and and said, said, 'Mesenger 'Messenger of Allah Allah (S.A.W.), (S.A.W.), he by Him Him who who has has sent sent you you with with the the truth, truth, I I have have seen seen the the same same kind kind by of thing as as has has been been revealed'' revealed", To To this this Allah's Allah's Mesenger Messenger (S.A.W.) (S.A,WJ oi 'Praise replied, 'Praise be be to Allah!"' Allah!'" replied, ' (Darmi, (Oarmi, Ntmad, Ahmad, lbn Ibn Maiah, Majah, lbn, Ibn, Khuzahah, KhuzaicDah, Tirmizi) Tirmizi) So from from that that day day 0n on t0 to the the present present day day Aian Aian is is said said to gather gather So prayer. people for the congregational prayer. people for the congregational
THE MUAizlN THE mun2iru
is called people called A person who for prayer is person the congregational congregational for the who calls callspeople Frayer facing Ka'bah Aian he should stand a saying the stand facing Ka'bah heshould the Aian Before saying a Muaziin Mua2iin Before puttingthe the tips tips in He to his ears ean putting raisehis his hands hands to his He should Makkah. shouldraise in Makkah. Whenhe loud voice. he says says in a of forefingers into his ears and call in a loud voice. When and call into his ears of forefingers whenhe to the the right rightand andwhen faceto he Havva 'alC Saldh he turn turn his his face he should should left. face to the theleft. says 'alai FalElr he turn to turn his hisface heshould should $yi'flayya"aial

TEXT THE AlAN OFTHE TEXTOF A'NT.I

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l7

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j

23 23

Allihu Akbar Akbar Allihu greatest Allah isthe thegreatest Allah is AllEhu Akbar AlliJhu Akbar greatest Allahis isthe thegreatest Allah Allahu Akbar Akbar Allahu greatest Allahis isthe thegreatest Allah Allihu Akbar AlliJhu Akbar greatesr Allahis isthe thegreatest Allah hadu an Ash hadu an la lE i!ha il6ha iI/allah illal l1h Ash I bear bear witnesthat thatthp.re there isno nodeity deitybut I witness is butAllah. Allah. iilat Lah hadu an Ash hadu ld ilaha an la it1ha illal LEh Ash bear witnesthat thatthere there isno nodeity deitybut II bear witness is butAllah. Allah. hadu an-na Ash hadu rasulul Eh Ash Muhammadar Muhammadar rasululliJh (S.A.W.I I bear bear witnesthat Muhammad thatMuhammad I witness (S.A.W.) is of lsthe themessenger messenger Allah. of Allah. an-na Muhammadar Ash hadu an-na Mul"tammadarrasululliJh rasulul lEh Ash bear witness Muhammad thatMuhammad II bear witness that (S.A.W.) is of isthe themessenger messenger of Allah. Allah. tS.A.tiJ.) Hayyalalag galah prayer tiometo to prayer (;ome sal1h 1;Iayya 'ala1 Hayya'alag salah Prayer. Come to Prayer. Come to falah /;/ayya 'alaI falal) Hayya'alal yourGood Good Come to your Come to falah I;!ayya 'alaI falalJ Hayya'alal yourGood. GodA. Come to your Come to Alldhu Akbar Akbar Allihu greatest Allahis is the the greatest Allah Allahu Akbar Akbar Allihu greatest Allahis the greatest is the Allah ildha illal lah LE iliha LlI Lah There is deitybut There is no no deity but Allah. Allah.

ainru AZAN FoR FOR FA"IB FAJR

An An additional additional phrase phrase is is included included in in the the Aian Aian for for the the Fajr Fajr prayer prayer 'alal after after the the second second thyya 'alai Fal6h

!:'j,lrr'+:+'!it>iat

e+Att;Hr)-iit

As. ralatu Khayrum Khayrum minan minan narvmnawm-

Kh-ayrum minan minan nawm nawm . 4tr+1lfl!

prayer Prayer is is better better than than sleep. sleep. prayer Prayer is is better better than than sleep. sleep.

TISTEIIIilG LISTENING TO TO THE THE A2Ail A!AN ll 1) when When the the beliaren believers hear hear the the Aian Aian they they shourd should risten listen to to ir it in in 2 4 24

silence and and repeat repeat each each phrase phrase of the the Aian Aian in in silence silence immedi' immedi silence ately after after the the Muaiiin Muaiiin has has finished finished sayingthe saying the phrase. phrase. ately 2) When When the the Muaiiin Muaziin says:says:- tlayya t:tayya 'al4 salEh and and Havya'alalI:tavya 'alat 2l fal'ah :. . thQ the .ljstener listener should should say say in in reply:-reply:-- Lahawla Lahawla Wala Wala quw' quwfal-ah wata rlla Ina Bil-hh. Bil-lah. wata

d+V,Ei-id;JF!
3) When When the the Aian Aian has has been been completed, completed, the the listener listener and and the the 3) Muaziin recite Oariid Dariid unto unto Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.} (S.A.W.) recite Muaiiin followed by by the the Du Du'a. follomif f;.

OARUO AFTER AFTER THE THE AZAN AiAN OARiiD

g.a't'*i |*1ai,+G1 fu:irb'++P?;i,"f th.l 4r'

''i+V,1,# -JI:$ W "*l dt *4'q# Jt F i $t!. JL1tV U'L-i;+tJ:. )t &i

;f.e- ULJljfrti J3 3t h\i3 +fu,J I'gG,;

'ald "Allah "AlEh humma l1li 1li Muf1am MuftamMufiammadin wa wa 'ali ali hlE Mul)ammadin Eal-li 'ala 'ald madin kama 'ali Ibraheema lbr1hffima wa wa 'ala ali ili Ibraheema lbrEhema kamE qal-layta'alE innaka lJameedum maied." " fiamedum majeed. (S.A.W.) and peace "Oh come (S.A.W.) and your peace Muhammad upon Muhammad "0h Allah, Allah, let comeupon let your (S.A.W.} peace you have upon sent peace the (S.A.W-l as sent upon have Muhammad as you of Muhammad the family family of praiseworthy you are and Ibrahim and are praiseworthy Truly you his family. family.Truly and his lbrahim (A.S.) tA.S.) and
glorioug:"

'alE ali 'alE Mul}ammadin 6li Mu/;JamMultamhumma barik wa 'ala Mul\ammadin wa ffirik 'ala 'alE 'ali Eli Ibraheema lbrEheema madin kama wa 'aliJ ali lbrhheema wa bitakta 'alll Ibraheema kamd blJtakta innaka maied." " hamedum majeed. innaka I}ameedum
!!ilEh

(S.A.W.) Muhammad of Mlihammad "Oh, (S.A.W.) and of thefamily family andthe bles Muhammad Muhammad Alah,bless "0h, Allah, (A.S.) (S.A.W.) Truly family. (S.A.W.) as Ibrahim (A.S.) and Truly hisfamily. andhis you have lbrahim blessed hare blessed as you glorious." you praiseworthy and glorious." praiseworthy and youare are

OU'A OF AZAN OF DU'A A2AN

H,':.\L3\3),:il,i-*{6r-tff:tr{+L:7iur:t

't|*.-*3,\tA'"r;\3'2,i#;\'rlJi?,'ttv'ei3iyi o'nJJUb$ty
"AllEh humma rabba rabba "Allah Hazhi tit Hathi hid da'wa tit tdm mati was wassala sald tam imati iJii til Oi imati hii tit Qa ni I waseelata Mufiammada nil waseelata Muhammada 'ath-hu waf Fa{eelata wab wab wal Far;Jeelata mahmhda nil maqamam maqimam mahmuda lazee wa wa ad ad tahu." tahfi." taiee "0h Allah! prayer Allah!Lord Lord of of this this complete "Gh prayer of By the the blessing complete of ours. blesing oun. By (S.A.W.) give Muhammad Muhammad of it, it, give of (S.A.W.) his rights his eternal rightsof intercesion, of intercession, eternal (in paradise). paradise). and highest distinction highest distinction and class And him And raise class(in raise him to t0 the the promised youhave promised rank promised rank you promised him. him. have (R.A.)reported (S.A.W.) Jabir(R.A.) reported Mesenger "lf Jabir Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.) as "If assaying, sayin$ '0 God,Lord of this perfect anyone says whenhe anyone says when the he hears hears the Aian Aian , Lordof thisperfect . '0 God, prayer grant andof of the the prayer whichis is established forall call which for all time, grant Muhamcalland Muham' established time, (S.A.W.) rmad(S.A.W.) praisethe Wasila Imad the and and him Wasila andexcellency, andraise raise excellency, himup up in in a a praiseposition you have promised', worthy position worthy which he whichyou he will havepromised', will be asuredof of h assured my intercession." intercession." my (Bukhari) (Bukhari) IOAMAT IQAMAT prayer lqamat is the thesecond to prayer Iqamat is call and immediately before second andis isuttered immediately callto uttered before prayeroffered beginning of the the of prayer with the beginning the obligatory obligatory with congregation. offered congregtion. T E X TOF O FIOAMAT TEXT IOAMAT

o'@N 54';i\ i,ltl ly:,iYt'J\'rIal tCi: \'r;:Ltt Sag c,,arr Jt,s r,;*:e,:t& e cAY.aSt
I.r l*\ii3 i'e!&tl5't3ii 6'-qrt fi;{\'i3 %i i. :rlr* y:r{'1.,'i$
Akbar Allahu Akbar Allah is is the the greatest greatest Allah Akbar Allahu Akhar Allah is is the the greate$t greatest Allah

26 2 6

Ashhadu an en ld Ii il6ha ilaha illal il/alliJh l6h bear witnes witness that that there there is is no no deity deity but but Alah. Allah. I bear Ash hadu anna anna Mufiammadar Muhammadar nsfrlul rasulullah lEh Arh hadu I bear bear witnes witness that that Muhammad Mu'hammad (S.A.W.} (S.A.W.) h is the the m$sengpr messenger of Allah. Allah. 'alaq /:Ia yya 'alaf $Blah ldh Hayya Come to to prayer prayer Gome /:Iayya 'alaI fa/a/} hlal faldh Hayya Come to to your your good good Come qmatiS galEh Dad QiJmatis salah Qad Jaml'atis rcady ready' Jaml'atis qlmatiqsalah Dad qamatis sal6h Qad Jam. 'at is is reaCy . Jamt'at Allihu Akbar Alldhu Allah is is the the Gnatest Greatest Allah AI/shu Akbar Akbar All1hu greatest Allah isthe thegreatest Allahis La illal lEh LE ilaha ildha illallah There is but Allah. Allah. deitybut isno nodeity There

hadith in the the hadith This is c that in mentioned that mentioned is the the same of Iqamat lqamat same Thistext text of haYe the first fint to to have wttowc of bin Zaid bin Abd who the. Rabbihi bin Zaidbin Abd Rabbihi of Abdullah Abdullah a about . Azan. vision a vision aboutAzan

.-==========.-

27 27

Chapter4 Chopter 4
(PRAYER) C O N D U C T OF O t ' SALAT S A L A T (PRAYER) CONDUCT

SUTRA SUTRA
personstarts Beforea pray he a person placesomething staru to Before 8 t0 pray he should a shouldplace something (doe place distance prmtratc(does in front frontof of him shortdistance him of short in where he of the the place where he prostrates Sajdah). Suc,h pemon an object object is called Sajdah). Such an is SUTRA and when the SUTRA called andis isused used when theperson praying person pasinginfront is praying alone. penonin prayer, is alone. A person passing infrontof of the the person in prayer, pass should on the should pass on of theoutside outside of the thesutra. sutra. praying lf someol'le someone is praying If is in then in congregation, congregation, then the the imam imamacts ac8 as as The imam, the sutra. imam,however, however, sutra.The musthave have the must his sutra individual his own own individual sutra i n f r o nof o t f him. him. infront

QIBlAH 0 fE t A H
person Wherever a pernon is in in the the world, world,he Wherever a is d face the facetowards he shoul towards the should Ka'bah going pray. whenhe he is is going to pray. Ka 'bah when to The is sacred mosque The Ka'bah Ka'bah thesacred isin mosgue in the (Ka'bah) Makkah of Makkah in Saudi Facing of in Arabi. towards Qiblah is Saudi Arabi.Facing towards very 0iblah(Ka'bah) a very is a performance prayer.However, importantcondition conditionof of performance important of if the However, of prayer. the jungle, person place is in in a a place suchas person is such jungle, unknown strange city asa desert, desert, unknown city strange place wherehe does or a a place knowthe or where not of he he does not know the direction diiection of the Oiblah, the Qiblah, he try his his best bestto to find find out should try of from should out the the direction direction Oiblah from others. othen. of Qiblah However, possible is not However, if it is then judgment and not possible then he he should shoulduse usehis his judgment and facein in a direction direction thinksis face which and whichhe he thinks is that that of Oiblah of Qiblah Allahwill will andAllah prayer. hisprayer. accept accept his ft is is important important to start facing It to prayer facing the of startthe the prayer direction 0iblah the direction of Qibtah doesnot not matter and it does matterif his d;rection and changes while praying his o;rection while he changes he is is praying trainor anaeroplane in a ship, e.g. in a train etc. ship, aeroplane etc. e.g. 0r an N0TE: gives NaTE: Nowadays, Nowadays, a compass which the whichgives is available available direction compasis the direction In strange strange places of places and it is instrument of Qiblah. 0iblah.In useful instrument and aeroplanes aeroplanes is a useful to possess. to poses. I ilTEttlT|ON INTENTION After After facinq fac.ing the the 0iblah Qiblah the the person person should should make make niyat niyat (inten(intenh ei ntentioi n e r s os nh o u l d t i o n ) ,T sm ade w i t h i nh i sm tion). The intention is made within his mind, so0 t the person should h ep ind, s articula r t h i n ka bout r a y eh r eI think about the particular obligatory, optional orr n natl prayer he innh ep o b l i g a t o r0 yp , t i o n a lo a f lp ten ds t0 to perform. perform. He He should should not not utter utter the the words words of of niyat niyat aloud, aloud, tertds ( S.A.W.). o ta a h i si u t h e n t0 ic rophe t asst this iss n not authentic. or approved by the Prophet (S.A.W.L pprove b d yt h eP ra

28 2 8

TAKBIR TAHRIMAH TAHRIMAH TATBIR

penon After nivat should start prayer saying After making niyatthe the person starthis his prayer saying making should (Allah greatest) "AII'Ihu akbar" (Allah is raising both his hands hands to to is the thegreatest) bothof of his "AllEhu akbar" raising the shoulders, with stretching to He should He fingers to the the earlobes. shouldsrs, with fingers stretching should earlobes. then fold over his right hand over the hand. This This then fdd his right lefthand. over over hishands hands hischest hand theleft chest tim Takbir Tahrimah because after saying "AlliihuAkbar" is called Akbar"is Takbir Tahrimah because after saying first"Anihu called Takbir Tahrimah every common and action, talk moveTahrimah worldly talk or or moveTakbir every andworldly action, common prayer ment is Throughout the theeyesof the worshipper Throughout theprayer theeyesof isforbidden. forbidden. thewonhipper ment point should point to where the rests in rests to the forehead should spot where theforehead in Sajdah. thespot Sajdah.

WHERE AND FOTDED T H E HANDS H A I { D SBE B E FOLDED A f { O PLACED PLACED S H O U T DTHE W H E R ESHOULD AFTER SAYING TAKBIR TAHRIMAH? TAKBIR TAHRIIIAH? SAYITG AFTER

peopleplace placetheir Some under others place hands othersplace their hands underthe the navel, navel, Somepeople them the but which that Prophet uoder that Prophet themuDder but there arehadiths whichstate the chest thereare hadiths state chest (S.A.W.) place Muhammad (S.A.W.) used his over his hishands over hischest. Muhammad ued to to place hands chest. (S.A.W.) (R.A.)reported: "l saw pfacing Prophet a) (R.A.) "1 (S.A.W.) placing HalbA!aee repofted: Alaee sawthe the Prophet al Halb (Ahmadrlirrrnizi). righthand his over his over his over hisleft lefthand hand hisright hand over hischest:' chesti'(Ahmad"Tirtnizi). (R.A.)said: "l prayed prayed Prophet Muhammad b) with Muhammad Wlll b. b. Hajr Hair(R.A.) with Prophet bl Wi'il said:"I (S.A.W.) put his right hand overhis (S.A.W.) and hand over his he put his left left hand and he handover overhis his right (lbn Khuzaimah, Muslim). chest." (Ibn Abu Khuzaimah, Dawld,Muslim). AbuOawtid, cho$t." someFuqha There are other which Fuqha There narrations thatsome some othernarrations whichstate statethat aresome place above the navel. used to place theirhands han& under thechest but above used to their the but the navel. under chest positions but Flacing in either these iscorrect "Placing the in of positions is but it is is better better the hands hands either of these correct practice place of Prophet t0 the the practice to them according to of Prophet them over the chest according to place chest overthe (S.A.W.) hadiths. Muhammad in the the above above authentic Muhammad (S.A.W.) as in authentic hadiths. as mentioned mentioned RECITATIO TE { F O R fATIHAH F RECITATION BEFORE B EA T I H A H (S.A.W There are are several Prophet Muhammad which Prophet There du'as Muhammad {S.A.W, several du'ts which to recite recite Fatihah. Wewill used of before will mention mentiontwo them. used to before Fatihah. We of them. two

'ij tJ;( (;- 3V\& 1# i',#i+r:. iliri,,, \733U\i" L:41'L#)i o --Ft5 rt4)t .* jr=:ag46' o#.1r-"+",iit\ 5rll'H o iili +L \sf,? ? + 6a r{cs,V,
KamE khat|yEya Kama "Alleh humma humma ba'id wa bayna bayna khat5yaya "Allah be'id barnee banee wa humma naq' maghribi, Allah Allih humma mashrigiwal wal maqhribi, baynal mashriqi /ii'adta naqE'adta baynal 2g 29

a,by$! yunag-qath thawIJul thawnul abyaqu qinee qinee min Ram'a yunaqqath min khafiJyaya kha6yEya kama bil min Khatayaya KhatEyEya bil minad maghsilnie min hum maghsilnee minad danasi, AtEh hum dan*i, Allih (Bukhari and Muslim). maee and Muslim). bardi." (Bukhari mEeewath wal bardi." wath thaJji thalii wal

"0 as and are Allahset apartfrom from my East "0 Allah my sins sins andWest West set me me apart m East areapan apart fromeach other. each from other. garment from my o me as is Allah,cleanse my sins isdeansed 0 Allah, mefrom sins asa a white whitegarment uleansed cleanse wCIhing. fromdirt dirtafter afterthorough thorough from washi ng. Allah, frommy my sins o wash with snow and 0 Allah, unshme off from with water, water, meoff sins andhail." hail." snow
penondoes If then lf a a person know the the duli doesnot not know du'd just mentioned then he he iust mentioned (R.A.) is recitethe followingone. to have should to shouldrecite the following one. Umar Umar(R.AJ is reported reported hatre used thisdu'i du'aTakbir Tahrimah. used this after saying Takbir Tahrimah. after saying -" ",,, /'/ " 3 .i+U tiS'#-.. I !,rVj'.t )iL|j;,fr)t it; rirg,, ,.., r,
\

.. ,;4'

..

":_ \ --. eaSi;al,i;

watabhra "Subpana " SubfrEna Kallah KaltEh humma wabi f)amdika fiamdika wataliiJra ghamtk. ildha wali illJha gh;wruk. 'ala iad-duka jad-duka wallJ kasmuka wata'ald kasmuka wata "Gfory be you, 0 Allah, be to praisss yoor to you, "Glory are Allah,and and alt all praises aro due due unto uflto you, yourmajesty your name andblessed blessed is your name andhigh highis is your and is and and is maie$y andnone rwnlry none iswon'v youJ' of worship wonhipbut but you:' of person readboth both du'ls, can or just one A persol'1 can read du 6s,together together or just oneof them tftemor or py of the otherdu'as du'6s any the other which by Muhammad which are areapproved approved by Prophet Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.),andrthere areabout about7. 7. These These (S.A.W.),and,there are du'as du'& tan befound fbundin in different differertt canbe places sevenl Books Booksof Hadith, Hadith,e.g. places of several e.g.Muslim, Mulim, Tirmizi, Tirmizi, Musnad-. Musnad.r Ahmad, Abu. Dawid, Dar-qutni, Dar-qulni, Imam Ahmad, Abu Dawiid, Nisai, Ibn Ibn Nisai, lbn Majah, Majah, lbn Hibban, llibban, !I.* Muatta lmamMalik). Malik). Muana Imam the 7 du'as du'f,scan All of the be read before rettting surah can be read together tqether before recitfutg surah Fatihah. Fatihah. This This recitation recitation is is called called Du'#ul-lstiftah Dua:ul-Istiftah which which means means DuE Du'i of starting. lstiftahshould starting. 0ui-ul Du/a-ullstif tah should only only be be recited retited in in the the first first rakat. rakat. TA,A}WYUi TA'Awwui Then Then the the person person who who is is praying praying should should say:say;

4;'(;*i t;,:;rrp,i*lr
,,; _" ",.. ,.,; v

A 'uiu biLEhi bi/./ahi minah minash Shaygd Shayta nir-raipm." nir-rai-eem. " " A'uiu "1 seek seek Allaht Allah's protection protection from from satan satan who who is is accursed." accursed." "l This should should only only be be said said in in the the first first rakat. rakat. This
TASMIA}I TASMIAM

Then the the penon person who who is is praytng praying should should say: say: Then
30 3 0

, _ o+ij}$rj1

_

I . . . . .

::J,PF, ' -...'

....

"Bismfllah hir-rabma nir-raheem. " ir-rahnm. " r'nhmd n "Bism il lEh hi "In the the name name of of Allah, Allah, the the mmt most kind kind and and the the most most mercifuli' merciful:' "ln be said said in in wery FNery rakat rakat before before reciting reciting rurah surah Fatihah. Fatihah. This should should be This

SURAH FATIHAH FATIHAH SURAH

praying recite iurahFatihah. should thepercon Then

6 ;# 6 r i ;u P. "t-it ; 5+:^J 3 6'.'i;{" !Vyi'*4i AVL i;rV ;Du i:-*il Id4l

l] e .=1e i#i( g rt,ur= e*idrig;;ott

- *t"l' S dJ,b\tiirydJb-';ih"F
"Alltamdu "A/hamdu | li/-/ahi rab-bil 'a/ameen. l'6lameen. il-Ehi rab-hi Ar rafrmarahma nir-ralrem. nir-raheem. Ar - den. Mali ki yawmid yawmid : deen. Mefiki Iyyaka na'budu wa lyydka na'budu nasta'een. iyyaka nasta'een. Ihdl nag siratal mustagmm. sirital mustaqeem. 'alayhim. Sira(al 'amta 'alayhim. Laieena an an'amta $iragal Lazeena Ghayril _ maghQubi Ghayril magh{1ubi 'alayhim " A,mffin." walay'gal-Ieen. ddl-leen.Ameen. hlaVhim walap

"Praise is "Praise is only for Allah, Allah,Lord Lord unlyfor of Univene. of the the Universe. The kind, merciful. kind,the Themost most merciful. most themost The of Dayof Judgment. of the theDay Themaster master of Judgment. youalone You we and to worship to you Youalone weworship and alone alone we for pray for help. help. un pray Show us way, way, thestraight straight Show usthe the whom you blessed. youhave whom those have blessed. theway wayof of those Who have not your youranger, anger, Who notdeserved deserved have Nor astray:' gone Norgone astray."
(S.AW.) Prophet Muhammad Reciting Fatihah is that Muhammad (S.A.W.) thatProphet isso soimportant important Fatihah Reciting of recitation the recitation wiqhoutthe said wi1thout of prayerwas acceptable wG acceptable no prayer thit no said that Fatihah. Fatihah. (S.A.W.) (R.A) reported Messenger All:th's a) bin Allah's Messenger (S.A.W.) reported bin Samit Samit(R.A.) Ubadah a) Ubadah 'Thereis reciting with_out as "There acceptable without reciting Surah prayer acceptable no prayer is no assaying: saying: $ol, Nhai, Tirmizi, Dalfrd,Tirmizi, Abu Oawud, Fatihah." (Bukhari Muslim, Ahmad, Abu Nisai, Ahmad, Muslim, Fatihah.;' {Bukhari Ibn Majah). l b nM a i a h ) . (S.A.W.) Allah (n.A.)reported ofAllah b) (R.A.) thatthe Messenger of (S.A.W.) Messenger thatthe reported Hurairah AbuHurairah b) Abu prayer did and kind of prayed any was saying that anyone who prayed any kind of prayer and did who that anyone wassaying
31 31

pndin not read nad in in that,Ummul thatrUmmul Ouran not (luranl.and Fatihahtul in one oneversion Fatihah.tul. version prayrr Kitsbhis hirprayer willbe bo deficient, Kitab will deficient, will deficient, will deficient, willbe be deficienr, willbe be deficient, (Bukhrri, notcomplete. and complete. MrrlimAhmad). and not (Bukhari, Muslim Ahmad). (R.A.l reported Abu Hurairah Hurrirah(R.A.) cl Abu reported (S.AW.}as c) Allah's (S.A.W.) Allah'sMessenger Messenger as praysrwill rrying: "No "[Io prayer wifl benefit benefit saying: a who in a person who did did not read not read in (lhn Khuzaimah. ftrt .nlh Fatihah." rurdr Fatihah." Khuzaimah, that (Ibn Ibn Ahmad). lbn Hibban. Hibban. Ahmad). In the the Ii-.t ligrt of of the the above above In hadiths we that hadiths we understand undentand thatSurah surah Fatihdrmust murtbe berecited rscited read or read in every Fatihah or in rakat rakatof every prayer. ofany anytype typeof of prayer. BECITATIOil OFSURAH SURAH FATIHAH RECITATION OF fATIHAH BEHIND AN BEHIITID Af{ IMAM. IMAM. pgopl.o $ome. gE.ysly confused Some people are very confused whether they or theyshould should or should should not l'Iad rsadSurah surah Fatihah Fatiharr praying whirepraying not while in But in congregation. congiegrion. Bui there ih;;; drouldnot not be b0any any confusion confusion in'thii should in this matter as ir,Jiorro",ing the following hadith niatter-i tilli; vry clearty clmdy. question. ansnrers theQuestion. very answers the '1Ale al Ubadah Ubadah bin $amit.(R.A.) 8) bin (R.A.) said: the said:'We were werebehind behind Prophet the Prophet (s.A.w.) praver, in the the Fajr Fairprayer, (S.A.W.) in and a from the and he he recited recited passage a passage from'the Ouran, but the the recitation recitation became auran, but became difficult for him. Then when difficurt for'him.'Then when 'Do you he finished finished hc said, said,'Do recitebehind he he you recite We your Imam?' behindyour lmam?'we replie.{,.'yE, (S.A.W.)'. of Allah Attah(S.A.W.)'. replied, 'yes, ^tlgfenggl Messenger of Then the Messenger Th'en Messenger the 'Do (S.A.W.) of Allah Allah (S.A.W.) said: 'Do (behind of said: not (behind the not recite reciteanything anything t-he lmam) except (surah Fatihah) Fatihah-tul-Kitab except Fatihah-tulKitab Imam) (Surah he raiitratrjbecause because he who does doesnot not include include who it in in his in his his recitation recitation prayer in prayer prayer his prayer (AbuDawiid. isnot " (Abu notvalid.' valid.' DawEd, is Tirmizi). Tirmizi). (R.A.)reported bl Abu Abu Hurairah Hurairah reported b) (R.A.) that of Allah thst the the Messenger Mesenger Allah (s.A.w.) "lf anyone said: anyone obsewes prayer (S.A.W.) said: "If observes prayer (salatl in in which whichhe hedoes does not read read Ummul ummul Quran 0ur5n (Fatihah), not it is it is is deficient, deiicient, {FatihahLit is deficient, deficient, is deficient, andnot complete." it is deficient, and not complete." It was was said to Abu Abu Hurairahi Hurairah: lt saidto 'What should we do when (Abu 'What should we do when we we are behind an Imam?" He, (Abu arebehind an lmam?,,He, H u r a i r a h( lR . A . )r e p l i e d ," Hurairah) (R.A.) replied, "Read itt iin silence....... (Muslim). Read i ns i r e n c e . ." . .( .M ..u " slim). A MEEIU: AMEEN: It is is sunnah sunnah io to *y say Ameen Ameen when when a person person finishes-recitation finishes_recitation of Surah Surah Fatihah. Fatihah. lf If he he is is praying praying alone alone he he should should say say "Ameen" "Ameen" in in silence silence and and if hg is is praying praying with with congregation congregation behind behind an an lmam Imam then then he he should should say say Ameen Ameen fairly fairly loudly loudly when when the the lmam Imam finishes finishes saying saying the the last last verse verse of Surah Surah Fatihah. Fatihah. when When saying saying Emeen Ameen the the voice voice oT of the the wtrole whole congregation congregation should should resound resound at at the the same same timu. timlt There There are are many many hadiths hadiths which which prove prove that that saying saying Ameen Ameen aroud aloud is is Sunnah Sunnah of of the the Holy Holy Prophet Prophet (S.A.w.) (S.A.W.) and and it it was was iheiegular the regular practice practice of of the the companions. companions. we We will will mention mention a a few few of of these these hadiths hadiths here. here. a) a) Naeem Naeem al al Mujammar Mujammar said: said: "l "I prayed prayed behind behind Abu Abu Hurairah Hurairah (n.A.) (R.A.) He He recited recited Bismilfdh Bismillah hir-ra[ma hir-rahma nir-raheem, nir-raheem, then then he hE recited recited surah surah Fatihahrand Fatihah, and when when he he reached reached walad walap {alleen, c)a.!.:lee-n, he he saidrAmeen said, Ameen eople a f t e riit ta ((Bukhari). d n dtthe hep b ehind after and people behind him said Ameen ", . h ims aid A m e e...... n... . "u k h a r i ) . b) b) Abu Abu Hurairah Hurairah {R.A.) (R.A.) reported reported that that the the Messenger Messenger ol of Allah Allah (s.A.w.) (S.A.W.) said: said: 'when 'When the the lmam Imam says says GhayriiMaghd0bi Ghayril MaghQubi 'arayhim 'alayhim

32 3 2

youshould wala{dal-leenrall of you should walaQ.. all of say, Ameen, becuase the Ameen, becuase theAngels Angels and the Ameenand f mamsays the Imam gty Ameen And says saysAmeen. Ameen. And whosoever whosoever says Ameen and his his voice voice with that Ameen and blends with he that of of the the angels angels he would would blends (Ahmad, forgiven beforgiven his be his sins." (Ahmad, Abu Nisai). sins." AbuDawud, Dawld, Nisail. (R.A.) (S.A.W.) Aisha reported c) Aisha (R.A.) reported that of c) that the the Messenger Mesenger Allah (S.A.W.) of Allah "Jews aremore r'nore said: are envious of in our said:"Jews envious of Muslims Muslims in two two things thinp la) our 'alaykum (b) saying greeting someone with Assalamu greeting someone with 'alaykum and Ameen and(b) saying Ameen Assalamu (aloud ) e h i n the (Ahmad , nMajah). b d (aloud) behind Ibn t h eImam:' l m a m i '(Ahmad, lb Majah). "l found praying dl Ata Atasaid: d) "I 200 praying in found of the said: 200of thecompanions in the themosque mosque companions (S.A.W.) Prophet lmam_said of (S.A.W.) and the walad dal-!een, of the theProphet andwhen when the Imam_said theecho heard voices resound I heard the of voices resound with echo of their their withAmeen". Ameen". BECITATIO AN FTER FATIHAH RECITATION AFTER SURAH FATIHAH SURAH person praying It is for a is sunnah It for who that read sunnah a person who is read is praying that he he should should Fatihah a surah from Quran 0ur5nafter afterFatihah firsttwo rakats a from in of surah in the of the thefard fard thefirst two rakats prayer. recite Here Her.an m0re prayer. He one surahs. Here are a Surahs oneor or more are fewshort canrer.ite surahs. a few short Surahs youcan which recite. whic.h you canrecite. a) Surah Surah lkhlar a) Ikhlas

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"Oul huwal tahu NQul ldhu ahad. ahad. Allah hus-samad. huq-qamad. . yalid walam yhlad. walam yu/ad. Lam va/iff yakul-lahl Kufuwan a,!ad. Walam yaku/-/ahu ahad." Wa/am " "Say:He Allah, one. Heis is Allah, "Say: the theonly onlyone. need help. Allah helps and not help. Allah anddoes does not need helps r o d u ca echild, He H edoes does a He not produce n o tp c h i l dand , n dHe anyone. Was not born of anyone. Was not born of Him." There There is equal n o one one e q u ato tlo Him." i s no Falaq. b) Surah b) FalaQ. Surah

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33 3 3

Qui AlAIubi Au}ubi rab-bil rab-bil falaq. fs/aq. ilul KhaJaq. Min shar-rimd shar-rima Khalag. Min Wa min min shar-ri shar-ri ghisiqin iia waqab. waqab. gh*iqin iia Vrla Wa min min shar-rin shar-rin naf-fdthdti nat-famati fil fil 'uqad. #uqad. Wa Wa min min shar-ri shar-ri hxidin hasidin lia /za Hasao Hasaa Wa

HSay: II seek seek refuge refuge in the the Lord Lord of the the dawn, dawn, "Say: from the the wil evil of all all that that He He has has ereated, treated, from and from from the the evil evil of the the darkness darkness of night night when when it falls, falls, and and from from the the wil evil of those those (charmers) (charmers) who who blow blow into into knots. knots. and And from from the the evil evil of the the envier envier when when he he envies." envies." And

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gudE rin-nas. rin+,fuAI/ari fee fudu 'niA Attaii yuwaswisu Yuwaswisufx Minai iii'nati jin-nati wan-nas. wan+t*.' 'Say:I seek gustainer of mankind. ''Say: refuge in of mankind. thesustainer in the re{uge seek Mankind. the Owner of Mankind, Lord of of Mankind. Lord Mankind, Owner of the From the whisperer. whisperer. thesneaking sneaking of the From theevil wil of Who whispers in of mankind. of mankind. hearB in the thehearts Who wtrispen mankind." or mankind." (Whether he jinns or (Whether among fromamong be)from hebe) iinns

_ BOWING RUKU BOWITIG BUKU "Alldhu Akbar" raising Akbar" raising praying Then praying should person saY"Allahu shouldsay the person Then the palms facing the palms both to level facing outward levelwith with the shoulder to shoulder hands his hands both his rukuso bendin thenbend in ruku so Heshould and stretching to He then should to eartobes. eadobes. stretching fingers andfingers (i.e.from perpendicular rest to the the rest that to to to hips) hif) is from head head is perpendicular trunk (i.e. his trunk that his finpn knees with the his knees the fingers of should with reston on his shouldrest Hishands hands body.His of the the body. The hisbody. do not not touch body.The spread taking care do arms touchhis that his hisarms taking carethat apart, spnadapart, posture andnot not the ruku rukuposture person be in and in the andcomposed composed psron should h calm calmand slrould yal azeem" lmst azeem" at least rab-bi hurry read :"Subhana rab-bi yal at read:'tubhana Thenhe should heshould it Then hurry it three . times. $rsetimes.

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34 34

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This means: means: This 's "Glory be be to my my Lord lord who who is the the very very grmtmt:' "Glory (3, He tan read (3, 5, 7, 9, 11 ett.) times. times. 7, 1l etc.) 9, 5, read it Hecan There are are sgme some other other du'& du'ls which which Gan can be be road read with with subfEna subbina There rabbi yal yal a3eem or or imtead instead of subfrina rabbi rab-bi yal r;rm. Two TWD of thsm them rab.bi are mentioned mentioned below:below:are Other Du'is Du'as in in Ruku: Ruku: 0ther Aisha (R.A.) (R.A.) reportod reported that that the the melsengpr messenger of of Allah Allah (S.AW-) (S.A.W.) Aisha mostly read read the the follonring du'i du'a in in his his ruku ruku and and nidah. sajdah. mmtly

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"Subl)ana Kalla humma humma rab-banE rab-bana wabifuamdika wabi(1amdika "Sublpflna Kalld AllAh hum maghfirln." maghfirlee. " (0ukhari, fBukhari, Musliml. Muslim); AlEh This means: means: This "Glory be to you, you, oh oh our our Lord, lord, and and all aU praise praise "Glorybe be to you. 0 h Allah, forgive me:' mei' forgive be you. 0h Allah, read usedto read Aflah used Ali of Allah (R.A.) reported Messenger the Messenger that the reportedthat Ali (R.A.) the Du'a Ruku: in Rttku: Du'ain following thefonowing

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"AlEh humma laka "Allah laka Raka'tu Raka'tu, wabika , ffiika amantu, Ennntu, walaka alunru, vnlaka aslamtu, rab-bTkhashi'a trta rab-bT Rhahi'a sam'ee sam'ee 'azme wa mukh-khee mukh-kt E wa wa wa 'azmee wa 'qafu wa wa vn masta gal - lat mista qal tat . qada may-va bihe qada bihee mav-ya lil-Iahi. lil-Ehi. rab-bil rabSil 'alameen." Elameen!' (Ahmad, Muslim, Mtslim, Abu Abu Dawiid Dawfid etc.) etc.)

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you and "0h! my you and in you "Ohl in subbelieved andIlrub borwdto my Lord, Lord,I bowed to you and I believed my mitted you. You my brain, brrin, my You are' my sight, t0 you. Lord.My My ear, mr, my sight my mitud to are my my lord. fnt is b subby my my feet rub' bones, my dons and has by my ten tendom hr been beencarried bones, andwhatever whatever carried mitted for the the lord mittedfor of the theworlds:' worl&l' Lordof (S.AW.} rnd in Prophet in There are du'as Muhammad (S.A.W.) .-.d Muhammed There areother du'& which whichProphet other Hadith. Ruku and of in other otherBooks Ruku befound furnd in Books of Hadith. andthey theycan canbe

Perfection of and andSaidah. Saidah. ol Ruku Ruku Perfection (R.A) reported of Allah Al*t Meseqrrr of Abi Badri(R.A.) rrportedthlt ilrrt the Mrud a' al Badri the Messenger Abi Masud (S.A.W.) said: said: {S.AW.} 35 35

"Allahdoes does prayer not consIder theprayer "Allah not conslder the of not of aa man manwho whodoes does not hisback straighten back when bowing forRuku Ruku his when bowing for and performing performing Sajdah:' straighten and Saidahj' (lbn Khuzaima H i b b a Tabrani). n ,a b r a n i ) . lh b,n T (Ibn Khuzaimah, Ibn Hibban, (R.A.l reported Abi Gatadah 0atEdah reported Abi (R.A.) that of that the the Messenger Messenger of Allah Allah (S.AW.) said: (S.A.WJ said: 'The n0rst thief isone who thief is one who steals in prayer." prayer.,' ''The WOBt steals inhis his "H0wcan Then thecompanions companions asked, Then the asked, "How someone steal from his can someone stear from his prayer?" prayer?" (S.A.W. Prophet ansnered. (S.A.W.) Prophet )ansmred, "Hedoes does nncomplete his "He nOlcomplete his RUKU Ruxu and and Sajdah with perfection." Or sajdah withperfection." al he said, he said, "He does doesnot not make makehis his balk back "He straight in srraight in Ruku Rukuand andSajdah." Sajdah.,' (Ahmad , a b r a nIbn T , nKhuzaimah, lib Khuzaima ha , kim). H (Ahmad, Tabrani, Hakim). provethat These hadiths Rukuand that RlJku These hadiths prove should be and Sa;dah saidah should be done done perfectly, cafmfy, slowlyand and perfer.tly, calmly, slowty otherwIse otherwrse sa/at of will penon salat of the the person will be be deficient. deficient. ( S T A i l O I t { AFTER G O A U W I , I(STANDING A H AFTER QAWMAH RUKU) BUKU} perfect After the Ruku the person praying After the perfect Ruku the person praying should raisehis shouldraise his head from Ruku Ruku saying:head from saying:-

6;FdiJ"ol,'*'"Sami'allAh hllehhu hu liman liman "Sami hamidai, * raise "verily. Allahlistens listens t0 onewho "Verily Allah toone praises him." his hands who praises him."and and* raise han& up up to to the the level level of of his his shoulders shaul deB with with palms palms facing facing outwards outwards and and f ingenstretched fingeB stretched to to the the earlobes earlobes and and then then he he should should lower lower his his hands hands to his his sides. sides. In In the the standing standing position position he he should should be be erect erect so so that that the the joints joints of his his body body go go hack hack in in place. place. while While in in this this position position he he should should recite recite one one 0r or all all of the the following following du'is du'as iN as many many times times as as he he likes. likes. *some peopte *Some people get get very very annoyed annoyed when when they they see see someone someone raising raising his his hands hands while while going going inro into Ruku Ruku and and again again raising raising his his hands hands whili while lifting lifting his his head head from from huku. kuku. There There are, are, however, however, authentic authentic hadiths hadiths which which prove prove that that rrrophet ?rophet Muhammad Muhammad (s-A.w.) (S.A.W.) used used t0 to raise raise his his hands hands ai at the the beginning beginning of of prayer, prayer, before before and and after after Ruku Ruku and and when when standing standing up up foithe for the ihird third rakat. Every llngfq single Book Book of of Hadith Hadith like like Bukhari, Bukhari, filuslim, Muslim, Muatti rakat. ^Fuglv lmam Imam Malik, Malik, Abu_Dawr.rd, Abu Dawud, Tirmizi, Tirmizi, Nisai, Nisai, rbn Ibn Majah, Majah, lbn Ibn Khuzaimah, Khuzaimah, Hakim, Hakim, Ahmad, Ahmad, Shafaee, Shafaee, Tabrani, Tabrani, Baitraql Baihaqi etc. etc. etr. etc. mentions mentions these these hadiths. hadiths. Nearly Nearly four four hundred hundred companions comDanions also also narrate narrate this this practice practice of of Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad {s.A.w.}.s0, (S.A.W.). So, there there is ;s not not the the slightesi slightest doubt doubt that the raising raising of of hands hands is is sunnat sunnat and and a a person person who who fractises practises this this that the sunnat sunnat gets gets a a greater greater reward reward than than the the person person who who does does not not practise practise it. it. However, However, even even though though the the action action is is mentioned mentioned in in the the hadiths, hadiths, all C O n tt n u e d all the the ulamas ulamas agree agree that that the the prayer prayer of of a a penon person who who does does not not raise raise r ,continued a g e 37) oon n ppage 3 36 6
37)

DU'AS tltlQAWMAH oAwtttAH ou'AsIN

6'i;;+,'tsu*.5 lakal a) lakal hamdl' "Rab'baha a) "Rab-bana youl' to you;' praises beto "Gh, all be the praises Lord, allthe "0h, our 0ur Lord, b) lakal hamd,hamdan llamd,l;ramdan lakal "Rab'bani b) "Rab-bana feei' mubarakan Katheeran tayyiban niubaraka.n fee:' Katheeran

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37 37

0awmah readin the Qawmah be read in the There which can can be du'is which other du'as are some someother Thereare Hadith. Books otherBooks position can of Hadith. foundin in other be found potitionand canbe andthese thece

(PROSTBATIO FIRST SAJDAH (PROSTRATION). FIRST TI. SAJDAH qawmah perfectqawmah person praying After the the perfect After the praying should the person shouldmove mwe perform to perform to sajdah saying:' nidahsaying:palms "AllihuAkbar," putting ground Akbar," downwards "Allihu putting palms downwards on below on the theground below knees The knees be brought ground. the should be downwards on the ears. should brought downrvards ean.The on the the ground. pointing His fingers fingenand and toes His be towards Qiblah toesshould be pointing should torvards 0iblahwithout without prostration fingers During spreadinp the of prostration seven parts the fingers han&.During parts spreading the hands. of the seven ground: of should touch the of the thebody should touch body theground:
(iil (ii) (i) (j) forehead the along with theforehead with the along tip of 0f the thetip the nose. nose. both bothhands hands both bothknees knees bottomsurface the of the the bottom the toes surface toesof both bothfeet. feet. position In he say:In this thisposition heshould should say:

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38 38

"0h Allah, Allah, for for you you I have have prostrated, prostrated, and and in you you I have have faith, faith, and and unto unto you you I have have submitted, submitted, my my forehead forehead has has prostrated prostrated in in front front of one one who who created created it and and gave gave shape shape to it and and made made it perfeutly. perfectly. Then Then he he gave gave power power of hmring hearing and and sight sight and and blesed blessed is is Allah'5 Allah's nafils name who who is is the the perfect perfect creator." treator." ai) ii) Abu Abu Hurairah Hurairah (R.n.) (R.A.) said said that that the the Mesenger Messenger of Allah Allah (S.A.W.} (S.A.W.) used to to say say in in his his saidah:saidah:used

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-akhirahf, wa jil-lahf jil-Iahu wa wa aw-walah-u awwalahu wa wa akhirahu, wa wa wa 'ald 'alii niy-yatah-u niy-yatahu wa wa sir-rahfi. sir-rahu. " (Muslim, Abu Oawud, Hakim). H A awDd ,a k i m ) . { Muslim ,b uD

"0h Allah, "Oh forgive all minor Allah, forgive all of minor of my my sins, sins, ones and ones, andmajor major ones ones, previously Ones previously and 0nesI committed and committed Ones I commit in in the future. 0nes thefuture. commit Ones I commit openly Ones openly commit And I commit secretly." Andones ones secretly." commit Mesenger Allah of Allah There 'as whith of which the the Messenger other du du'E's There are are some some other (S.A.W.) du'is are t00 long longto to aretoo (S.A.W.) used to but du'as to say but these these in his his Sajdah Saidah used say in Hadith like Books of HaeJith mention here. They Books of like foundin in authentic authentic be found Theytan here. canbe menti0n not surprising that Muslim, that lt is is not surprislng Dawddetc. etr,.It Ahmad, Nisai Abu DawTId Muslim,Ahmad, Nisai Abu (S.A.W.) long in R.uku for long Prophet Muhammad (S.A.WJ stayed in for andSajdah Saidah Prophet Muhammad stayed Rukuand intervals. intervals. with sub[Ena du'ds besaid All approved du'as tan with said approved canbe authentically All of of the theauthentically time Rabbi yal according to theirown or altogether according to the thetime yal a'ia own or altogether Rabbi 0r on 0n their a'ldor person. available and of of the theperson. andcapacity available capacity to Allah. Allah. position his closest In position the is to is at at his closest the worshipper wonhipper In Sajdah Saldah quietly, without without performed HenLe, Sajdah should be calmly, and andquietly, be performed calmly, Hence, should Sajdah he du'as ashe read asmany figgeting, and the should try as du'as as t0 read many try to theworshipper should figgeting,and worshipper possibly can. posibly can.
JAlSAH {SITTING BETWEEN TWO SAJDAH) TWO BETWEEI'I SAJDAH) JALSAH {SITTING ------perr,on perfectly the person performing After one perfectly and the andr.almly, onesajdah sajdah After performing calmly, "AllaJtu akbar", praying should raise his from saying, "Allahu akbar", praying from sajdah his head head saidah saying, raise should right foot while'keeping it while theright bending the on 'keeping the foot left foot on it f oot and andsitting sitting the left bending palms the palms pointing 0iblah, propped up towards the the the Qiblah, towards propped toespointing with its in toes up with knees. back the back should of should rest and the should andknees. histhighs thighs reston on his hands should his hands of his place. go bac.k in place. lt is is sunnat t0 say say be so It to backin sunnat that the the joints so that be straight straight iointsgo thetwo saidahr. the du 'a while sitting in the in between between twosajdahs. du'a while sitting thefollowing following

39

*:liiry'vlr?.lrr-r\';!tt3e,rP;N 6'c>J;:ti'ciiLtj
WI m

wahdinee hum maghfirlee rvarfrmnee "Allah maghfirlee warlJamnee wahdinee "AlEhhum 'f,finee warfa'nee" 'ifinee warzuqnee wajburnee war warzuqnes wajburnee fa'nos" (Abu Dawild). (Abu DawOd).

Allah, forgive and mercy 0nme, m0, "Oh forgive me, and have mercy on "0h Allah, have me, path, keep theright rightpath, and meon onthe and keep me keep and mehealthy, healthy, and keep me provide withhalal sourcc of living, living and provide me withhalal sources of and me and myshortcomings, shortcoming, and complete my complete myrank rank and make hidr." and make my high." The can or times Theworshipper wonhipper thisdu'i du'i'once 0r _ onco many he cansay saythis G many timr _ c he likes. likes. SAJDAH SECOND SAJDAH SECOTIO person perform Then the should perform the sajdah saying, ".Allahu Then theperson thesecond ".Allahu should second sajdah saying, fint siUdah. Akbar" and he . sqideh. Akbar" andrepeat wtrat didin in the thefirst hedid npeatwhat - E-ISTARAHAT (SITTIITG E- ISTAFAHAT FON JAI$AH RESTI. JALSAH (SITTING FOR REST). 'AllEhuAkbar" raise Thenhe he should hishead Then raise his up .All1hu Akbar" and should head up saying saying rndsit sit for a while Hedoes a short short hedid did in in ialsah. for while as jalsah. He this up c he dooE frh before befonstanding standing up thesecond rakat. for the second for rakat. RAKAT SECOTD SECOND RAKAT Afterstanding standing up for for the thesecond rakat After up rakat he fold second heshould should fold his hishands hands his chest orcr his ashe he did did in in the the first first rakat rakat chect over as and recitation bv bv andstart starthis hb recitation reading "Bismill6h..........and Surah Fatihah reading "Bismillih and Surah Fatihah follorrmd followed by by any any pffige passagl or or a chapter chapter of of the the Holy Holy 0uran." Ouran." Then Then he he should should complete complete his his rscond second rakat rakat in in the the manner manner of of the the fint first one. one. While While choming choosing a passage passage or or a chapter chapter for for the the rocitation recitation in in the the second or or a subsequant subsequent rakat rakat the the worshipper worshipper shoufd should observe observe the the scond order order in in which which they they mcur occur in in the the Holy Holy OurEn. Ourin. Al$0, Also, eoch each Surah Surah or or wne verse should should be be shorter shorter than than the the one one recited recited before before it. it. Hence, Hence, longer longer surahs surahs are are rcited recited before before shorter shorter surahs. surahs. TASHAHUD TASHAHUD After After completing completing the the lrot last sajdah sajdah of the the second second rakat, rakat, the penon person should should nise raise his his head head srying: saying: "All6trAkbar". "Allah-Akbar". He He should should sit sit as as he he sat sat betryreon between the the two two sajdah, sajdah, putting putting his his left left hand hand on on hls his left left knee knee and and righthan&n right handon his his rigrt riltlt knee. knee. TheJist The fist of the the right right hand hand is is cfosed closed sxcept except for for ths the index index finpr finger which which is is protruded. protruded. lt It is is protruded protruded so so that that the the 4 0 40

b brought brought thesecond second riqht thu.mb is to division of finger. In division of the theindex index finger. In {$t 1othe ftbporitionthe pefion theperson thllposltlon should read:rhould rad:-

qii.r 6 b rtat6*y Lu;iit ,+Jsl$*ie gl ; it',J,-J,tt';i; rii ,W #s ilqi;c;l-Jl i ;ffi gfi'rff-iei,rV:'[yl j Se-, o'r#-L;"1 p r (+Jeili:., .fr;$;il+5
'At-tal|iy-yEtu lil-Ehi yiffitu. "At-tal}iy-yatu liI-lshi waf war-ray wq salawatu wat-lay yibiJtu. As-salBmu 'alayka ay-yuhan-nabiy-yu Aseafiniu-'alayka ay-yuhrt-nabiy-yu'' ral1ma tUJlahi W,J wt ral)ma tullEhi wa barakiJtuhu bankEruhi 'alaynE wa'ala 'iblJdil-/a 'ibediLE his+alihen." As+alEmu 'alayna As-salamu wahl6 hdu an-na Mul}ammadan wa ash ah hadu Mul7ammadan 'abduhi wa rasOluh. rafiluh." " physical prayer, "All compliments, "AII all prayer, all physical compliments, for Allah. Allah. and worship wonhipare arefor andall all monitary monitary you,Oh Peace be 0h Prophet, Prophet, Peace uponyou, beupon and and mercy andblessings. blessing. Allaht mercy andAllah's all righteous righteous Peace be Peace on us andon beon on all u and slaves of Allah." Allah." slares isworthy worthyof "1 witness that "l bear that no witness no one oneis bear Allah. worship except Allah. worship except Muhammad And witness that Muhammad witnesthat And I bear bear (S.A.W.} Messenger." (S.A.W.l is and Hisslave andMessenger." b His slare person hadu......'abduh-u "Ash hadu rasilluh." While ......'abduhu wa a person wa rasiiluh." reading"Ash While reading return and return right hand handslightly should and of his his right slightly fingerof indexfinger rabe the the index shouldraise it. pmitionafter.he finsihed saying it to position finsihed saying it. prarious hao afterhehas in previous to its person praying A person praying 2 rakats only to rakats nextstage only should shouldcontinue to the the next stage continue (Dar[d]. which is Alan-Nabi (Darud). is Salat wfrich Alan-Nabi Salat RAKAT FOR THIRO STANDING UP THIRD RAKAT U PFOR STAf{DII{G praying penonis rakats, If three or then stand or four four rakats, thenhe lf a person three should stand is praying heshould "All-ahu he up sayIng "Allahu Akbar" his as Akbar"and and raising raising hands ashe his hands tashahud up after aftertashahud saying "Bismill6h.....and recitation his recitation did start with Tahrimah start his with "Bismillah.....and in Takbir TakbirTahrimah did in prayer Fatihah." third or rakatof of fard men In prayer In the the third or fourth fourth rakat SurahFatihah." then Surah sayanother another is no needto to say recitation of is There is Fatihah is sufficient. no need recitation sufficient. There of Fatihah
41 41

hdu anli "Ash hadu iliha il/al/ahu anla'ildha illal lEhu

Surah. But But a a pgrson person praying praying sunnat sunnat or or nafl nafl praYer prayer can can read read a a surah surah Surah. after Fatihah. Fatihah. After After recitation recitation he he should should continue continue t0 to complete complete his his after third rakat rakat (or (or fourth fourth rakat rakat if if he he is is praying praying four). four). third After the the cornpletion completion of lrot last rakat rakat he he should should sit sit for for tashahud tashahud Atter (as praying rakats). as described abpve (as he sat after praying rakats). after 2 he sat above asdescribed After Tashthud TashJhud he he should should read read Salat Salat Alan'ltlabi Alan-Nabi (0rr0d] (Dariid) as as follor,rrs: follows:After

&Gi,{J4 U U'giit aL 3ih(J,fai,J r' r3.1 {Lri>L,6#)\ 12+\6 )t,}-'i I-^+ ytir, JJ;i,P &'54Y ;#!jt$t CLs\$qk6
;1#rol"+ltjyoa2V.y)lgi:
"Allah humma humma sal-li sal-Ii blE 'ala Muhammadin "AlEh wa 'atE 'ala ali Muhammadin, . 6ti Muhimmadin, 'ald lbrEheema Kama qal-layta fal-Iayta 'ala Ibraheema KamE Wa'ala ali lbrdheema Ibriheema Wahld Eli innaka bameedum majud." hameedum majeed." grace "Oh Allah, send grace and honour on on andhonour "0h Allah, send (S.A.W.) Muhammad (S.A.W.) and and Muhammad (S.A.W.), Muhammad On of Muhammad (S.A.W.), follovrnrs truefolloVYers andtrue familyand 0n the thefamily just on just as and on yousent Honour andHonour Grace sentGrace asyou (A.S.) Ibrahim (A.S') lbrahim (A.S.) andon on the thefamily family and and of (A.S.) andtrue followen truefollowers lbrahim of Ibrahim Surely, you are praiseworthy, the GF1!at. IJ praiseworthy, the Grgat' you are Surely, " "Allah "AlEh humma barik hll Muhammadin bilrik 'ala ' wa htE ali MuQammadin, dti Muhammadin, wa 'ala Kama lbraheema b1rakta'all Ibraheema KamEblIrakta'ala 'ald Wa lbrdheema Wa 'ala dli Ibraheema innaka lJameedum maied. " fiameedum majeed.

ali

(S.A.W.) "Qh send your on (S.A.W.) yourblessing Muhammad onMuhammad blessing "0h Allah, Allah, send (S.A.W.)riust and the true followers of Muhammad (S.A.W.),just Muhammad of followers the and true (A.S.) as you blessings on (A.S.) lbrahim yousent 0n Ibrahim blesings sent as and his followen. histrue truefollowers. and praiseworthy, Great." Surelvryou you are the theGreat." arepraiseworthy, (DAR[D} DU'AS AFTER SALAT ALAN-NABI (DARUD) ALAI{-I{ABI SALAT AFTER DU,ES (S.A.W-) to used Prophet wtrich There are which Prophet (S.A.W.) used to quitea of du'as du'ds a lot lot of There arequite Here we say and Here we themto to the the companions. companiom. taughtthem and he he taught DarEd after Dariid sayafter will a ofthem. them. afew fewof mention willmention (R.A.) (R.A.) the to the said Bakr i) bin said that (R.A.) said to thatAbu AbuBakr said Amr (R.A.) bin Amr Abdullah i) Abdullah

42 42

my prayer." prayer." my So the the Mesengnr Messenger of of Allah Allah (S.A.W.l (S.A.W.) said, said, So s.y:Sry:-

Messenger of of Allah, Allah, "Please'teach "Please'teach me me a a du'd du'f so so II can tan say say it it in in Masenger

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"Allah humma hllmma innee innee zalamtu zalamtu nafsee nafsee "All6h ?uJman Katheran Katheeran , wa| wala yaghfi yaghfi ruz Zulman ruz zuncJba iunr.lba ilia anta anta faghfirlw faghfirlee maghfiratam maghfiratam min min illd 'indika, 'indika, war war fiamnee I)amnee innaka innaka antal Mtal ghaflirur ral7eem." ra!)eem. " ghaffirur (Bukhari and Muslim). ( B u k h aa r in dM uslim).

my duty "Oh Allah, Allah, I I have have been been very very cruel cruel to myself myself (by (by ignoring ignoring my duty "0h Extept to you) you) and and there there is is no no one one who who can can forgive forgive the the sins sins 'except to you. So So forgive forgive me me because because ygu you are are the the only only forgiver forgiver and and have have you. and merciful." forgiver mercy on me. Verily.you are the forgiver and merciful." the are on me.Verily.you mercy Allah (R.A.) theProphet ii) bin reported that of Allah thatthe reported Prophet Aus(R.A.) bin Aus Shadad ii) Shadad (S.A.W.) used to say in his prayer:(S.A.W.) to sayin hisPraYer:used

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"Alleh hUlnma "Allah nee as-diU innee katn ThubatJ humma in as'dtukatn ThubatA 'azeemata fil wal 'azeemata 'alar blar rushdi, rushd[, fil alnri, amri, wal wa shukra ni'matika ni'matika ,, as-alukashukra wa as-aluka 'ib1datixa, wa as-aluka wa ai-aluka l4usna'ibadatil< a, wa wa I]usna qalban facJiqan, q4diqan, qalban saleeman, lis-anan wa lisanan saleeman,wa wa m:a min khayri khaYri rna as'aluka min waas-aluka Ta'lamu, min wa a'uzubika a,uzubika min Ta'lamu,wa Shar-ri astaghfiruka, waas taghfiruka, mE ta'lamu, ta'lamu, wa Shar-ri rna lima ta'lamu."(Nisai). Ii m-a ta'lamu."( Nisai ). "0h Allah, youfor "Oh II ask you in matter of and Allah, forstrength ask strength in every dean every matter and ofdean youto power path. a will to path. And you will power to be beon onthe theright right AndII ask to a stronq ask
43 43

make me me thankful thankful for for your your bountir bounti. and and give gi\lR me me ability ability to m0k0 worship you you perfectly. perfectly. And And I ask ask you you to to make make my my hoart heart rincsrs sincere nronhip and my my tongus tongue truthful. truthful. I aak ask you you for for cvory every goodnas goodness known known and you and and I stek seek refuge refuge in in you you from from arerything everything bad bad that that you you to you know is is bad. bad. know I ck ask your your forgiveness forgiveness for for all all mistakm mistakes you you know." know."
(iiil (iii) Aisha Aisha (R.A) (R.A.) reported reported that that the the Prophet Prophet (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) tsed used to to say say this this du'i in in his his prayen:prayers:dut

1,-,tLL,4 fuU+') Ft.) rfu3 +'ilLi Vt*nr r", t c_,\Li))jril3 r ?fu, * t;!l SJ,r.F,fu r tf' c'v ) ;rl,rti +tbt 4+:t'A'eUii:rt
"Allih A'iiiubika min inneeA'Eiubika humma innee "AlEh humma Alibil qabri, A 'Uzubika min qabri, wa Aiibil va A1iubika fitna tid daj-jali, A 'uzubika wa A'iiubika dai-iEli, wa mam*t. min fitna til mal}yi wal mamat. mabYi wal Allih humma A 'uzubika minal innee A'friuhika hummainnee Alfah Ma'thami '1 maghrami.'t wal maghrami. Ma'thami wal (Bukhari and Muslim). Mrslim}. and {Bukhari

punishment you from of the the 1I0h in of refuge from the the punishment in you AllahI seek seekrefuge "0h Allah you from dqi'ial, of daj-jal, grave, and refuge in the troubles troublc of grave, from the refuge in you and I seek seek you from andtroubles troubles of and in and of fromthe the difficulties difficulties refuge in you seekrefuge and I seek you from fromevery nrery refuge in you the Oh I seek refuge in Allah, seek death. 0h Allah, anddeath. life and the life kind of unexpected troubles." troubles." ofsin and unexpected kind sinand

rL9-+ i+i'r;:i"ltl+1,;:&*r 5 <rt 3 J.r} 33r.'4';4 ; L .ng.i'J:,Jl+t W' K!,

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(iv)" Rab bij'alnee livl'Bab bijbtneemuqeemBf mug*mE salati gatatiwa min wa min yateerab-bani gab-bal zur-riy wata tur-riy yatee rab-banE wata qab-bal naghfirle waliwaliday-ya du'a,rab-ba. du E,rab-banaghfirlee waliwali day-ya yawmayaqumul yaqfrmul wa lil mumineena mumineenayawma wa iii /}isab. " fiisEb.
'I

"0h Lord, Lord, "Oh make me and my keep up make me and prayers, mychildren keep children upprayers, prayer, Our accept our 0urLord, Lord, accept ourprayer, parents Our forgive me and my OurLord, Lord, forgive me and myparents and Believen and all on of " allthe theBelievers Day 0nthe theDay ofJudgment. Judgment."

44 44

people Although mmt people rmd Rab Rabbij'alnee Although most read after it bij'alnee per. afterOariid; DarEd; it is is permittedto reciteany to recite any nice nicedu'i. Howwer, duE However, mitted it be it should be known should that knownthat (S.A.W.) this du'i du'6'is is not not one one of of those thosedu'as du'a-s this which (S.A.W.) used Prophet which Prophet used t0 say preferable Darfrd. sayafter after Darud. lt is is preferable to It to Rab and to read readboth both Rabbij'alnee bij'alnee and (S.A.W.) du'a-s whichare proved the du'as areauthentic.ally authentically the which proved from (S.A.W.) fromthe Prophet the Prophet and those thosehe he taught taughtto to his his compllnions. and We mentioned only comprniom. We have have mentioned onfy four but but there thereare are about about twelve. twelve. four However, they However, lengthy they are are too too lengthy to mention mention here. to here. E I I I D I t {THE GH EPRAYER T PRAYEH ENDING praying After praying person f or himself himself After for as as wishes he asmuch much asthe theperson wishes heshould should prayer endhis hisprayer end saying:saying:-

oiltus:r;j*i$!ji-i\
"As-salflmu 'ataykum ''As-salamu wa " rafimatul lehr" wa ra/;lmatullfJh, "Peace youand andthe beon on you mercy "Peace be of themercy of Allah," Allahr" the face facefirst first to the right right and to the andthen turning to the the left, turningthe then to lett, both both times theshoulder. over times over the shoulder. prayer Thisbrings brings four rakats rakats This the of to two, three threeor or four t0 tomthe two, of the the prayer completion. pletion.

DU'AS AFTER SALUTATIONS DU'AS AFTER SATUTATIOT{S

(S.A.W.) which Prophet ProphetMuhammad There which (S.A.W.) There are du'a-s Muhammad are many many du'as person praying used to So, praying should try aftersalutation. used to say So,a person memsalutation. try to t0 memo sayafter should (S.A.W.). practice Prophet the practice Muhammad arise them of Muhammad (S.A.W.). and follow followthe of Prophet orise themand wewill will mention du'aiwe Some of du'as here. Some of these mention here. these (S.A.W.l practice Prophet It practice of Muhammad (S.A.W.) It was wasthe of Prophet Muhammad the continuous continuous fromhis when he away from prayer to when away hisprayer to say:heturned turned say:-

r. 1.

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d)y(;j..5l:J *;^ ; V::J';, I ai^ii t iu r:a\ Hr -L6u:,

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a) a) Allahu Allahu Akbar Akbar (once (onte aloud) aloud) (Allah (Allah is is the the greatestl greatest) b) tutagh Astagh firul-f6h firulliih (3 (3 times) times) b) (l (I rok ask Allah Allah to to forgive forgive mel. me). r.l I. ) Allah humma antas salamu Allih humma antas salEmu Wa minkas saldmu Wa salamu wal ikrim. tabarakta ya ialialali waf ikram. taharakta yd

q-l*l' ScratPlts

t c,

45 4 5

you are the peace, Oh you arethe Allah, 0h Allah, Peace, of peace, 'And of you are thesource source arethe And you Peace, posessor Glory of Glory you 0 possessor of youare areblessed, blessed, ( and H o n o u r(MUSLIM) )M . USLIM) a n dHonour).

o+ 5V 1g)'4]& lJ#z&a";Afri
iikrika atd Zikrika 2,' a'inneeali hummaa'innee Altahhumma 2.' Allah 'ibadatika' wa wa wa Qunsni shukrika washukrika hunsni'ibadatika. (Ahmad, (Ahmad, Abu Daw-ud). AbuDawud). youall thetime, time, allthe (0hAllah, (Oh help me you remember to remember meto Allah, help perfectly!. you And to thank you, and to worship you perfectly). worship you, to and think Andto

# j J,Uj\'Ajj,'oj i+? I LSgtr;'rfudlf{

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Lahul hul hamdu Mulku wala hul Lahul Mulku Qamdu '' 'ald kul-li shay-in qadrer. " wa shay'in qadeer. wa huwa 'ala kul-li

af La 3. af tahl. la shareeka 3. lIal lahu lahu. tah| wal)dahil shareeka ibha i itlal wahdah7 Ii ta ilaha

limd a'tayta bf'Allah mdni'a lima a'gayta Al'arcn humma la mini'a limE mana'ta manata wa la ld wa la mu:riva mulgiva lima wa Iii yanfa'u Zaljad-di jad. I, yanfa'u minkal iad. Zaljad-di minkal " (Bukhari, (Bukhari, Muslim). Muslim). 'There a) ''There is a) is no Godbut no God but Allah, Allah, Heis isthe partner, theonly onlyone He no oneand andhas has no partner, praise Sovereignty Sovereignty and are andpraise areonly onlyfor for Him. Him. Andhe hehas full authority has authority And full over everything." over everything." "Nobody prwentwhatever b) "Nobody youwant b) can you canprevent whatever want give to give give andnobody nobody to and can whatever you you cangive whatwer prevent wantto pers0n to prevent want and with anda person with high high rankcannot benefit cannot rank benefit himself or himself or another another fromhis from your hishigh highrank rankagainst yourwilL" against will."

- t55 rs tb,ir.a) -tt *j(3iit( -:!, . A, 33 ( -.JL33 . ii't 6g-*

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/

(33times), t0 Allah." "Glory beto 4. to subh6 nallah (33 "Glory be It is issunnat sunnat nalfEh Allah." 4. It to say say timest, (33times), "Praise beto Alhamdu lillah (33 "Praise be lillah times), Allah." to Allah." (34times) "Allah great6t." Alldhu and Allahu Akbar (34 "Allah is and Akbar times) thegreatest." isthe
46 46

(S.AW.} Muhammad There are du'as Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) There du'[swhich which Prophet verymany rnany arevery These be used to them These can used to say themto to his hiscompanions. canbe andhe he taught taught companions. sayand Books Hadith. found in Books of found in famous famous of Hadith.

l o oo ol oo oo or

47 47

Chapter 5 Cheipter
,OCCASIONAT 'OCCASIONAL PRAYERS PRAYERS
WITR PBAYER PRAYER WITB Witr Prryer Prayer b is runnat sunnat Mu'akkadah. Mu'akkadah. lt It is is very very much much emphrized emphasized Witr
Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.). (S.A.W.). He He did did not not leave leave this this prayer prayer even even by Prophet during a joumoy journey or when when mounted mounted on on camelbac,k. camelback. dudng \WI ro so m'ach mt.ch emphacized emphasized that that some some Muslim Muslim scholars scholars underunderIt rns stood that that it was was wajib wajib (compulsoryl (compulsory) but but after after a c,areful careful study study of stood hadiths it can can be be said said that that it is is not not wajib wajib but but a very very much much emphasemphashadiths ized prayer. prayer. ized Witr prayer prayer is is often often mistrkenly mistakenly thought thought of of as as part part of the the lsha Isha Witr prayer. prayer. This This is is not not so. so. Witr Witr prayer prayer is is a separate separate prayer prayer which which can can be be the offered prayer right break of dawn. For the right up up to to the the break dawn.For lshaprayer after the the Isha offeredafter (S.A.W.) Witn to to be Prcphet(S.A.W.) convenience of the believers Prcphet allowed Witrs be allowed the believen convenience offered straight after lsha. after Isha. offered straight Mesenger the Messenger One.In In hadiths hadiths In One. the means, word witr witr means, tne word tn Arabic Arabictne 0NE." of Allah "Allah number, ONE." "Allahis number, is one-so helikesthe onqsohelikesthe Allahsays: says: (Muslim). {Muslim}. an odd odd number number because wten an Allah because when odd numbers numbers also likes likes odd Allah also Prophet For this reason one.For is by is one. Prophet thisreason remainder is always always by 2"the 2rtheremainder divided is divided (S.A.W.} numbers Helikedto do things (S.A.W.) preferred odd Helikedto do thinp in in odd oddnumbers preferred odd numbers. numbers. du'ds, prayers, in life, such prayers, saying du'as, saying whensaying saying also, as:when suchas: life, also, in his routine his rOlltine believers the Prophet eating dates etc. That is why Prophet (S.A. W.) asked the believers asked That why is dates etc. {S.A.W.} eating prayer the make to so the that it can canmake the night nightprayer so that the end praywitr at the of the witr at end of to pray night into number. prayer intoan anodd oddnumber. night - prayer (R.A.! says Allah Messenger of Allah Abdullah of that the the Messenger saysthat bin Umar Umar (R.A.) Abdullahbin When prayer (S.A.W.) rakats units. (S.A.W.) said: is in units. When "Nightprayer beoffered is to to be offered in 2 rakats said:"Night rakat which offer1 rakat one that then offer which dawnis isnear near thenhe heshould should that dawn you feels feels of you oneof prayer into can make all the night prayer he offered into an odd number." an odd number." he offered the night all canmake ( B u k h a rMuslim}. i,uslim). M {Bukhari, NUMBER OF PRAYER WITR PHAYER O FWITR ] ' I U M B EOF O R FRAKATS BAKATS
(R.A.)said of Allah Allah that the mesenger Abdullah bin of the messenger saidthat bin Umar Umat (R.A.) Abdullah 'l,Vitrprayer prayer prayer thenafl naflprayer (S.A.W.) said: ''Witr is at (S.A.W.) rakat at the theend of the endof is one onerakat said: at atnight." night." (S.A.W.) (R.A.) said: Muhammad Abu says that Muhammad (S.A.W.) said: Prophet that Prophet Ayub(R.A.) says Abu Ayub pray5 rakats pray t0 5 rakats who "Every Muslim should pray witr. Anyone who likes to likes pray witr. Anvone should "EvervMuslim pray ralkats n,eshould should of anyone who to 3 he anyofr w eh olikes likes t o pray h eshould s h o u ldo d oso, so, 3 rat:kats, o fwitr w i t rhe d0so." s0." rakat, prayone heshould shorrld onerakat, do who to he do likes to pray who likes anyone andanyone do so, so,and (Abu Maiah]. (Abu Dawud, N it,b nMaiah). O a w [ dNisai, , i s a Ibn

48 48

We understand understand from the the above We from hadiths that abovementioned mentioned hadiths that the the prayeris person actualwitr rakat,although witr prayer is one one rakat, actual a can although a person offer, 1,3, 1,3, canoffer, prayer. 5,7,or rakats or 9 of witr witr prayer. 5,7, of All numbers are I rakats All of of these numbers these are apprnved (S.A.W.) Prophet by Prophet Muhammad by Muhammari (S.A.W-l in hadiths. in authentic authentic hadiths. TIME TIME OF PRAYER O FWITR WITR PBAYER prayer Witr prayer prayer be oftered Witr can after right canbe oftered afterthe lshaprayer the Isha up to rightup to the the oreak of dawn. dawn. oreak of (R.A.)said: (S.A.W.) "Prophet Aisha(R.A.) prayed Aisha Muhammad (S.A.W.) prayed witr Muhammad said:"Prophet witr during of the prayed all times timesof during all he Witr the the night. night.Sometimes Sometimes he prayed during Witr during the part of first part the night, part of of the night,sometimes first during duringthe sometimes the middle middlepart of the the night,and andsomeHmes part of during night, during the sometimu the end of the end part the night nightbut but he he used used o prayer to complete theprayer before thebreak to the before the of " complete break dawn. of dawn. (Bukhari, (Bukhari, Muslim). Muslim). person However, a person get up thinkshe pray However, a who who thinks he could could not not get up to to pray part of witr at at the the end witr after end part of the the night nightcan witr immediately can offer offer witr immediately atter goes lshaor beforehe bed. But or before he goes to bed. Isha to who But someone someone who thinks thinksthat that he he get up praynafl praywitr can pray canget up and andpray nightshould naflat at night witr at should at the the end of his his endof prayer. nightprayer. night (R.A.)said Jabir (R.A.) Prophet Jabir (S.A.W.) said: saidthat that the the Prophet "Anyoneof of said:"Anyone {S.A.W.) you get up who could part of not get up at at the you who couldnot the end end part of the the night he should nighthe should praywitr partof first part witr in in the the first the night pray and of of the you who night andanyone anyone of you who thinks thinks get up partof he can up at at the the end of the canget endpart praywitr he pray the night nighthe heshould should witr then, then, present because prayer arepresent the angels angels for the part because the are for offered at the prayer offered the end at the endpart of the the night. night." (Muslim, (Muslim, Ahmad, Tirmizi, Ibn Ahmad, Tirmizi, lbn Majah). Majah).
II

HOW TO PRAY PRAY HOW TO WITR WITR praying When prayer. oneWitr Witr a person When praying one person can prayer. offer it as asthe the usual usual canoffer Whenpraying When praying 3, of witr prayer there or 9 I rakats rakats 3, 5, 5, 7 or witr prayer is morn thereis thanone waythe the prayer oneway than prayer can be offered. offered. canbe Forexample:For example:a) A A person rakatswitr can a) person praying praying 3 rakats pray 2 rakats like rakats like the the can pray 'alaykumwa usual prayer. the Salutation, usual prayer. After As-salamu 'alaykum After the Salutation, As-salSmu wa first to the nhmatul-16h, the right rahmatul-Iah, first rightand then to to the the left left he he should and then should gei immediately get up up immediately complete the the third third rakat. rakat. This This way way of to com-plete offering witr prayer prayer is is called, called, witr bil bil fasal'. . offering b) b) A A person person praying praying 3 rakats rakats or or 5 rakais rakats Witr Witr should should not not sit sit for for Tashahud Tashahud in in between between the the rakaB rakats except except in in the the last last rakat. rakat. c) A A penon person praying praying 3, 3, 5 or or 7 rakats rakats Witr Witr should should sit sit in in Tashahud Tashahud c) in in the the last last but but one one rakat, rakat, ! e.g. in the the second second rakat rakat if he he is is .9. in offering offering 3 Witr, Witr, fourth fourth rakat rakat if he he is is offering offering 5 witr, witr, or or sixth sixth rakat rakat if he he is is offering offering 7 Witr Witr and and so so on. on. He He should should read read Tashahud Tashahud and and then then get get up up for for the the lat last rakat rakat and and complete complete it. it. 49 4 9

great practised are All 33methods are authentic and are prac.tised by the great ulamas are authentir. and by the All methods to Muslims anyone ofthese these and scholars. So Muslims r;an lhoose anyone of 33methods to methods So uhoose and suholars. praying prayer. offer the witr When praying 33 rakats, witr, however, ititisis When rakats, witr, the witrprayer. however, offer 'a' 'b'asProphet preferable Muhammad toLhose meth0d or'b' Muhamma.d preferable to method 'a' or (S.A.W.) r.hose " D onot p e y 0 umaghnb rm a g h r ip yourwit r r a y similar said: "00 make prayer to b r a y er." not sri m i l a tr 0your m a kyourwitr e said : (Qiamullall). (Oiamul-lail). PBAYER DU'A DUNUT WITR PRAYER O U N UIN T IN WITR Du,A rakat Reading du 'ei Dunut in of Prayer is Reading in the thelast lastrakat Prayer isaa du'a Ounut of the the Witr (S.A.W.) proved practir:e proved practire of Muhammad (S.A.W.) and It be Prophet Muhammad of Prophet it c.an beread read and can r o rafter b e f o rruku eu k u a f t erui<.u. r uku. before or a)Someone someone whowants wants to read a) who to Qunut before ruku read Ounut before rukuhe heshould should read it after after hehas has f inished reciting read it he finished reciting surah Fatihah and chapter surah Fatihah ana cr,apiei o f the t h eHoly H o l yDuran. 0 u r a nWhile . hire w of reciting Qunut a person tan r e c i t i ndu'a gu ' a d 0un0t p r o o n? . rn h i shands h a n din s i n front f r o n rof o f him he folded. h i mor oih e can c a nleave l e a v them e them fofded. . . rup l u p his b) Someone someone who wants wantsto to read read b) who du'a Dunut after du'a0unu:t itter the ttreruku rukuhe he read c a nread i t with w i t hhis h i shands h a n dcupped s can it or c u p p ein d i n front f r o n tof o f him h i m o r he h ecan cin let his his hands hands re6tat at his let rest Saying du'a after hissides. sides. saying du'E' afterthe tne ruku ruku and rupping hands in front preferalle frontis and Lupping hands in as was the ispreferaQle asthis this was the practice (S.A.t/.). Prophet ofProphet Muhammad practice of Muhammad (S.A.\JV.). someFuqhas Fuqhas insisr Some insist that du'a that reading reading du'i Qunut 0un[t is is compul compulsory in in the the last lastrakat rakatof of the the Witr sory say witr and andsome someothers others sayit it is is rompulsory in the the last lastrakat rakatof compulsory in but of the Fajrprayer, prayer, the Fajr you but if if you studyhadiths hadiths carefully you will study carefully you it is not not compulwill find finclthat that' it'is ,orirtsory either eitherin or in sory in the the witr Witr or in the the Fajr prayer. Therefore, if a a Fajrprayer. Therefo re,it person person leaves leaves du'a du 'ei ounilt Dunut in in his his witr witr prayer prayer his his prayei'wilr prayer will not not be be deficient. defic.ient. Also,if Also, if someone someone does does not'know not know du,i du'a 0unfit Qunut he he need need not not say say another another uhrpter chapter of the the Ouran 'Ouran 0r or any any other other words words in in its its replacement. replacement. Du'a Ou'(j ounDt QunIit can can be be reao read in in iny any prayer. prayer.

T EXT TEXT OF OU'A QUNUT O F D U'A O UruUT

a) a) Hasan Hasan bin bin Ali Ali (R.A.) (R.A.) said said that that the the Messenger Messenger of of Allah Allah (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) taught taught me me the the woids words which which II should should say say in in the the du,d' du'a oi of witr:witr:-

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hadaYta, "Allah feemanhadayta, "AlEh hum hum mahdinee mahdinu feeman 'ifinu feeman Wa feman 'afayta, Efayta, Wa'5finee tanl-lanre feemantawal-Iayta, tawal-layta, wata feeman wata wal-Ianee a'taita, wa lee feemi barik lee wabarik f*mE a'taita, mE qaQayta, shar-rama waqinee waqine shar-ra yug(Etalayk, wald yuCl'/a'alayk, fa-innaka aqde wala fa-innakataqdee manw wllayt, innahu lE Yazil-lu innahDII Yaiillu manw ya'iz-zuman man 'Idaita, Edaita, wala walEya'iz-zu Elaia, wata '!Iaita, tablJrakta rabbana wata rabbanE tabeJakta n alagh fi iil *a wanatubu i lav ka, wanatu nastaghfiiuka bu ilavka. -nabee." qal-lal lahu Wasal-Ial alan nabffi." lahu alanWa Dawfid,Nisai, Abu Dawud, Nisai, (Abu Ibn tbn Majah). Maiah). "0h Allah, Allah. me among youhave guided, "Oh make me those whom guided, make among those whomyou have make andmake among youhave meamong those and me those whom you saved, and whom have andmake saved, make meamong among youhave those wtrom me those whom you chosen, and have chocen, andbless blcs whatever whatever youhave given hwe given protect me,and andprotect you me, me which you mefrom fromthe you theevil which evil you decide hrvedecreed; decreed; verilyr decide have verily., you the and can thethings things andnobody nobody can you;surely decide against penson you befriended the person decide against you; the you can't surely befriended can't penon bedisgraced, dlsgraced, youopposed theperson andthe be and you can't opposed cantbe behonoured. honoured. Youare areblessed, yourforgiveness blecsed, our lord, andexalted, You our and we ask tor Lord, rtr exalted, aslr tor your forgivenes you.Peace andturn turn to t0 you. Peace and and of mercy andmercy Allahbe be upon of Allah uponthe theProphet." Prophet."

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d;k5 UfiLrr'! V\;ilri -'!j!,rt- i- t'#t Iii; .tk: F.j i 3+{ i Hj ?$ts 3&5, A:'J;);)u3' V, 4r':e L y4,'i;
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"AlEh humma inna innd nasta'eenuka nista'eenuka .w "Allah nntaghfiruka wa w nastaghfiruka 'atayka .w 'alayk-al yw nuthnee nu'minu bika bika wa vn natawak-ka/u natawak-kalu 'a/ayka nu'minu nuthne 'atayk-al Wa nashkuruka wa /5 16 nakfuruka khayr. Wa nakfuruka wa nakhla'u nakhla'u wa natruku man-y yafjurka. Allah natroku Allih humma iyyaka iyyhka na'budu ne'budu tn nahfidu wa laka wa nasjudu nxjudu wa wa /aka nugal-le wa vn ilayka ilayka nas'i n*'d wa naltfidu 'azfraka wa wa narj0 narjO rahmataka wa nakhshE nak hsha hzibake 'azabake inna 'azabaka bil bil kuf-fdri kuf-fari mulhig. mulhiq. "0h Allah, Allah, we we ask ask you you for for help help and and seek seek your your forgivenes, forgiveness, and and we we believe believe in in you you and and have trtst trust in in you, you, and and we we praiso praise you you in in the the best best way way and and we we thank thank you you and and vve we aIE are not not unungrateful grateful to to you, you, and and um we forsake forsake and and turn turn away iNlay from from the the one one who disobeys disobeys you. you. 0 Allah, Allah, we we worship worship you you only only and and pray pray wtro
51 5 1

you,and runtowards prostrate towards before werun to ourselves before you, we youand and 0urselves andprostrate to you your mercy, and you,and hope to rec,eive you you, to your a.nd ycu and andwe wehope andserve serve yourpunishment. punishment. disbelievers will receive receive we your Surely, the will thedisbelievers fear Surely, we fear punishment." you you rr punishment." some recommend ulamas this-du'aSome ulamas recommend thisdu'a in Of prayer. in the thewitr witr prayer. 0f course, courue, read it Lan uan beread as it is isa anice nice du'i but it be as it du'a of du'as which butit it is isnot notone one of those those du'6's which (S.A.W.) Prophet Muhammad Prophet Muhammad (S.A. W.) read in read in his hisQunut. 0unfrt, There aresome some other du'fs (S.A.W.} which There are other du 'as which Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W-l Prophet Muhammad prayer to read in the in used to in Witr prayer or in his other praves. read in his hisQunut 0un[t in Witr his other used 0r the penonLan A person jusione read uanread these all these du'frs A all du'as together or together or jUSl oneof of them them orcombine combine them withother du'a-s. or them with du'as. other ( F R0 f A Y PRAYER) JUMAH (FRIDAY JUMAH PRAYERI IMPORTANC OE FATTENDING A T T E N D I NFRIDAY GH I D A Y IMPORTANCE OF PRAYER F PBAYER Friday Prayer isvery veryimportant amp0rtant Friday Prayer is in It got in Islam. gotits lslam. lt has has itsown ownmoral, moral, political and political social benefits. lt is isobligatory every, social and benefits. It for Muslim except obligatory for every' Muslim except w0men, children, people slaves, women, children, slaves, seriously ill and They seriously ill people andtravellers. travellen. Theycan cin pray Jumah but it it is is not notobligatory pray Jumah but on obligatory on them. them. (s.A.w.) Prophet Muhammad givena Prophet Muhammad (S.A. W.) has warning to hasgiven a strong strong warning to a a person wholeaves leaves prayer hisJumah Jumah good person who his prayer without a reason. without a good reason. In one (R.A.) narrates one hadith hadithAbdullah Abdullah In bin (A.A.) what bin Masud Masu-d narrates whatthe the (S.A.W.) Messenger of Allah Allah (S.A.W.) Messenger of once about who oncesaid people saidabourthe the people who did did not tome t0 the Friday come the Friday Prayer goodreason. not to Prayer without withouta a good reason. '.'l wishto to appoint appoint someone "I wish someone to prayer and go to leadthe leadtheprayer go to andmyself myself to the houses houses of those thosewho who missed missed the of the and FridayPrayer the Friday Prayer andset iet fire fiie to to theirhouses houses with their with the the occupants in occupants in tl-em." (Muslim, Ahmad). Ahmad}. {Muslim, "A pen;on Another states, Another hadith hadith states, pen;on who who leaves leaves 3 Friday Friday prayers prayers uonsecutively, Lonsecutively, Allah Allah puts puts a seal seal on on his hi:) heaft." heart." (Ahmad, (Ahmad, Tirmizi, Tirmizi, abu abu Dawfd). Oawud). I MPORTANC E O FC IMPORTANCE OF CLEANLINESS FOR FRIDAY PRAYER L E A N L I N EF SO S RF BIOAY P BAYER Because Because in in Friday Friday Prayer Prayer a c0mparatively comparatively large large number number or 01 MusMuslims lims gather gather in in a big big placersorlslam place,so,lslam emphasizes emphasizes 0n on the the physical physical cleancleanlines liness as as well. well. Prophet Prophet (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) said, said, "A person person who who has has a bath bath on on Friday, Friday, cleanses cleanses himself himself fully, fully, uses uses cil oil and and perfume; perfume; then then goes goes to the the mosgue mosque early early in the the afternoon afternoon and and takes takes his his place place quiefl1, quieti',' without without pushing pushing or disturbing disturbing people; people; then then he he prays prays (optional (optional prayer prayer as as much much as as r a y ) ;then then a sa h ew b l etto op uietly he was able pray); sits quietly Khutbah;he s i t sq llistening i s t e n i ntto g o tthe h eK hutbarh;he will will be be forgiven forgiven his his sins sins between between this this Jumah Jumah and and the the next next Jumah." Jumah." (Bukhari). (Bukhari).

52

ITIPORTATTGE IMPORTANCE OF EARLYTO PRAYER OFGOING EARTY GOIIIG TO FRIDAY FRIDAY PBAYER 0n Friday Fridayit is gntready morerewarding rewarding quirklyto goto is more On to quickly ready to get to the the to go mosque. mosque. (R.A.) narrated Hurairah Abu Hurairah Abu (R.A.) that I)f narrated that the the Messenger Mesengnr Atlah of Allah (S.A.W.} "0n Friday Friday (S.A.W.) said, "On the stand Q. t the said, theAngels Angels ot nrosque stand thedoor doorof ol the themosque andwrite write down people downthe names and of in in the names the people of the in the they the order in which whichthey order prayer. enterthe the mosque Fridayprayer. mosque for Friday group people enter for The of who Thefirst firstgroup who of people get the mosque enterthe the mosque the reward reward enter get equivalent to a equivafent to that that of a of sacrificing sacrificing people getthe the mosque camel, the people who enter rermrd camel, the who after mosque afterthem enterthe themget the reward people to that that of equivalent of sacrificing sac,rificing The people equivalent to a who a cow. who enter cow.The the enterthe get the mosque them get after them the reward reward mosque after equivalent to that of t0 that equivalent of sacrificing sacrificing ramand people a ram getthe andthe the people likewise a who get who follow follow on 0n likewise the reward rarard of of a a gradation people chic,ken, andso 0n there chicken, egg and is of for egg s0 on there is a a gradation of rewards raruards for the thepeople asthey they enter. people Theangels angels keep as The keep writing the of as enter. writing thenames names thepeople of the asthey they giveKhutbah.Then mosque enter until sits Khutbah. Then enterthe the mosque the Imam lrnam until the downto sitsdown to give the angels angels their registers registers andsit Khutbah." the collect their and to collect andlisten listen to the the Khutbah." sit and (Bukhari, (Bukhari, Muslim). Muslim). J PRAYER P R A Y E BEfORE R B E F O RJUMAH EU M A H prayas prayer Friday as many goes many A pdrson who to prayer can parson to attend attendFriday canpray who goes from its its zenith zenith to whtm wherr nafls as after from to hasdeclined declined the sun wishes afterthe sunhas ashe he wishes nafls pray giveKhutbah. to pray Khutbah. he is is expected at the to Anyhow he to at Anyhow expected to give lmamcomes comes the Imam sunnat. rakats least 2 rakats sunnat. least (SEBMON} T LISTENING (SERMON) L I S T E i I I t {TO GO KHUTBAH K HU T B A H

Once starts, the should listen the Khutbah Khutbah listen 0nue the the whole wholecongregation should starts, codgregation person giving in silence. lf a person arrives to If arrives while Khutbah to it in silence. whilethe the Imam lmamis is giving Khutbah person pray2 rakats this person rakats then should nafl sitting to then this shouldpray nafl before before sittingdown dorrun to to Khutbah. Khutbah. listen to listen (R.A.)said (S.A.W.) Messenger Jabir of said Jabir (R.A.) that the the Messenger said that of Allah Allah (S.A.W.) said giving while Khutbah: while he giving Khutbah: h ewas was "lf anyone goes you goes Friday Prayer "If of to the Prayer while of you attend anyone to attend the Friday whilethe the is delivering delivering Khutbah Imam Khutbah he pray 2 rakats and lmam is shouldpray he should rakats and should should long." make them not them long." n o t make (Musliml. (Muslim). (R.A.) There is hadith. Jabir says that a man came There is another another hadith. Jabir(R.A.) that once once says man came (S.A.W.) FridayPrayer Prayer Messenger to while of was whilethe the Messenger of Allah Allah(S.A.W.) wasdelivering delivering to Friday "Did you Khutbah, so so Allah's Allah's messdnger messenger (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) asked asked him, him, "Did you pray?" pray?" Khutbah. "N0", hg he answgrgd. answered. "No", Then Prophet Prophet (S.A.W.l (S.A.W.) said said to to him,'Stand him, ''Stand up up and and pray pray:' ." Then (Bukhari, (Bukhari, muslim, muslim, Abu Abu Dawfd,Tirmizi]. Dawud,Tirmizi). It is is a .continuous continuous practice practice in in Saine mosques that that those those who who soinemosques arrive while'the while'the lmam Imam is is giving giving speech speech sit sit down down and and listen listen to to the the arrive speech. When When the the lmam Imam has has finished finished the the speech speech he he gives time time to the the speech. late arrivals arrivals to to pray pray 2 or or 4 rakatr rakats sunnat. sunnat. After After that that the the lmam Imam gives gives a late
5 3 53

short Khutbah Khutbah in in Arabic Arabic before before praying praying the the Jumah Jumah Prayer. Prayer. short get people These people get very annoyed if they they see see a a person person offer offer Thete veryannoyed if 2rakats sunnatwhile sunnatwhile the the lmam Imam is is giving giving speech. speech. They They -feel Jeel that that the the 2raxas psnon person is is being being disrespectful disrespectful io to the the lmam. Imam. This This is is incorrect incorrect and and unproved from from the the practice practice of of Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.). (S.A.W.). unproved It is is also also agninst against those those hadiths hadiths which which we we mentioned mentioned above above and and ft the one we we are are mentioning mentioning below. below. ilteone Abi 0atadah(R.A.l Oatadah (R.A.) says says that that the the Mesenger Messenger of Attah Allah (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) Abi said, "Whaneyer "Whenever ong one of you you enters enters the the mosque mosque he he should should not not sit sit $id, down without without offering offering 2 rakats." rakats." down ( B u k h a rM i,usfim). (Bukhari, Muslim), These These hadiths hadiths clarify clarify the the points points which which are are mispractised mispraetised above. above. The The lmams Imams and "nd ulamas ulamas who who have have even even a slight slight fear fear of of Allah Allah and and respect for for nadith nadith and and the the sunnah sunnah of Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) respect should stop stop this this practice practice and and should should not not become become annoyed annoyed when when should others pray pray 2 rakats. ra leats. othen

ACTUAL JUMAH PRAYER P RAYER J UMAH A CTUAT

Jumah Prayer Prayer is is 2 rakats rakats fard. If person is is late late and and finds finds onty only lf a person Jumah rakat the second 1 rakat with with the the congregation he should complete the second rakat should he complete congregation I rakat alone. If a penon person arrives so that he he mises mis:;es the the Jumah Jumah prayer prayer latethat arrives so late alone.lf The of Zuhr completely then he he has has to to offer rakat far{ of Zuhr prayer. prayer. The offer 4 rakat then completely to hasto prayer lmamhas but the the Imam Jumah is of but Zuhr prayer prayer of Zuhr is replacement replacement Jumahprayer recite Qirat aloud in Jumah Prayer. Prayer. in Jumah Oir6t aloud recite

PRAYER AFTER JUMAH AFTER JUtt,IAH PRAYER

prayer anauthenauthenis an After Prayer 2 rakats of prayer is rakats of sunnat Prayer sunnat the Jumah Afterthe Jumah (S.A.W.) but some some tically practice of Muhammad (S.A.W.) but Muhammad proved practice Prophet of Prophet tically proved PrayertheJumah Jumah companions used to 4 or sunnat after Prayer. pray afterthe rakats sunnat to pray or 6 rakats used companions (S.A.W.) (R.A.l says of Allah Allah(S.A.W.) Ibn of Messenger the Messenger that the Umar(R.A.) saysthat lbn Umar then prayer homeand andthen wenthome did not pray prayer until Friday until he he went pray after the Friday afterthe didnot he rakats' p r a y e2 d rakats. h eprayed ( B u k h a rMuslim). i, usrim). M (Bukhari, ( R . A . )narrated o Allah M e s e n g eof r f Allah t h e Messenger Abu (R.A.) that t h a t the narrated Hurairah A b u Hurairah Friday pray going after theFriday (S.A.W.} "Anyone youwho t0 pray (S.A.WJ said: "Anyone of to after the whois isgoing of you said: prayer, he should pray 4 pray rakats." 4 rakats." prayer,he should (Muslim). (Muslim). 'lVheneve ( 8 . n . ) prayed Jumah p r a y e Jumah d Ata Abdullah (R.A.) i b n Umar Umar Arb d u l l aibn n A t dsays: s a y s''Whenever : prayer forward theJumah Jumah afterthe in would a after prayer littleforward move a little wouldmove Makkahrhe in Makkah,he and forward again little and offer 2 rakats; then he would move a little forward again and move he would a rakats; then 2 andoffer he did prayed Madinah, in Madinah offer And he Jumah in he did whenever he prayed Jumah Andwhenever 4 rakats. rakats. offer4 J back prayer wentback unti!he hewent not after prayer until Jumah afterthe theJumah prayin the mosque mosque in the not pray d i dnot not h edid praye2 d rakats . hen a s k ewhy w d h yhe home; When he asked W h ewas 2 rakats. was h e prayed t h o m ethen ; h e nhe 'This answered, prayer, He pray after prayer. He answered, 'This Jumah afterthe the Jumah mosque pray in the mosque in the (S .") : was the practice of Muhammad M a d .A.W" Prophe t u h a m m (S.A.W.): practic ef Prophet o uas the after b eoffered o f f e r eafter d r a k a t t sa nbe These hadiths clarify that 2, 4 or 6 rakats can 2 , o r S that hadithc slarify These

54 54

prayer the prayer according to of theJumah Jumah according to the person. thetime timeand andcapacity of the theperson. capacity goodpractice practice It is It to people who 2 is not people not good to accuse accuse who read read 2 rakats raka$only only because this, too, was the practice of Muhammad because practice this, toorwas theauthentic authentic Prophet of Prophet Muhammad (s.A.w.l. (S.A.W.).

EIO PRAYER PRAYE EID R PLACE EIO PRAYER P T A CFOR EO R F EID PRAYER
prayer Eidprayer Eid should be outdoor in e.g. in park should beoffered offdred 0utd00r in the open, theopen, in a a park e.g. field, posible field, or etc. to a desert desert it is or a etc.If ff it is wet wet or or not not possible to find finda a suitable suitable place prayed outdoor place it be in or hall. outdoor it can beprayed can ina a mosque mosque 0ra alarge large hall. (AbuDawlid) (Abu Dawfid]

TIME OF PRAYER EID PRAYER TIME O FEID

prayer Eid prayer be offered Eid should be when above should whenthe offered the sun sunIS n obvious above obvious thehorizon. the horizon. I{UMBER NUMBER OF OF PRAYER OFRAKATS BAKATS OFEID EID PBAYER prayer Eid prayer is 2 2 rakats. rakats. Eid is There i5 prayer before or There is no nafl.prayer no nafl. before after or after Prayer. EidPrayer. There theEid isno or azim the There is or no Iqamat lqamat azin for EidPrayer. Prayer. for Eid (R.A.)reported: "N0 doubt, lbn Abbas Abbas reported: Prophet Ibn (R.A.) "No Prophet Muhammad doubt, Muhammad (S.A,W.} pray2 rakats (S.A.W.) used to only He not pray pray used to pray rakats EidPrayer. Prayer. onlyfor for Eid Hedid did not before anything orafter after anything before or that. that. (Bukhari, (Bukhari, Muslim). Mrslim). UGT OFEID EIO PRAYER COI{D CONDUCT OF PRAYER prayer Eidprayer 2 rakats rakats beoffered of Eid should 2 of should be in manner 6 as offered in the manner thesame same prayer the usual rakats of the usual except that the of prayer except that there there are takbirs in in the 2 rakats are7 takbin rakat andfive fivetakbirs takbirs in the thesecond the first first rakat rakat. the and in rakat. With With Ech each extra extra second be-raised raised takbir should be up to to the the shoulder level (as (as in in should up the hands hands takbirthe shoulder level Tahrima). Takbir Takbir Tahrima). All extra takbinshould be pronounced should extratakbirs All be pronounced before before starting starting Oir6t Girst (recitation). (recitation). reported Kathirbin Abdullah from his bin Abdullah fatherand Kathir reported from his father' and his his father father (S.A.W.I grandfather Prophet from grandfather that Prophet said7 takbin from that (S.A.W.) said takbirs in in the the fint first prayer rakatof Eid prayer takbinin of Eid and5 takbirs in the thesecond rakat and second rakat rakat of of Eid Eid Prayer Prayer before beginning recitation. before beginning recitation. (Tirmizi, (Tirmizi, lbn Ibn Majah, Majah, Darmi). Darmi). P R A Y EIS OFFEBE D EIO IR SOFFERED B E F O RK EH U T B A H EID PRAYER BEFORE KHUTBAH Jafar bTrl--MlJhammad (R. A.-) -re-p-o-rte-d-:--'-'N-o-do-u-bt-, Prophet "No doubt, JafarUin f,rtutrammad 19.a1 lgporteo\(S.A.W.I, (R.A.l (R.A.) Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.Wol, Abu Abu Bakr Bakr (R.A.) and and Umar Umar (R.A.) said said 7 takbin in in the the first exrratakbirs firsr rakat rakat of of their their Eid Eid and and Rain Rain Prayer Prayer and and extra 55

five extra extra takbin takbirs in in the the second second rakat rakat of their their Eid Eid and and Rain Rain Prayer. Prayer. five Prophet (S.A.W.) (S.A.WJ offered offered Eid Eid Prayer Prayer before before Khutbah Khutbah and and recited recited Prophet " aloud." aloud. (Shafaee). (Shafaee).
( F U N E R AP LR A Y E R } JANAZAH PRAYER (FUNERAL PRAYER) P RAYEH J ANAZAH JANAZAH PRA YER PRA YER J ATIAZAH

is a right right of of a Muslim Muslim that that when when he he passes passes away away other other Muslims Muslims It is should pray pray Janazah Janazah prayer prayer for for him. him. Janazah Janazah prayer prayer is is supererogatory supererogatory should prayer. If no one one from from the the whole whole of of the the Muslim Muslim Community Community prayed prayed prayer. lf no p rayer ; t h et n the Janazah prayer; then the whole community would bee c considered anaza h h ew hole c o m m u n i tw yo u l db onsidered t h eJ sinful in in the the sight sight of of Allah. Allah. lf If some some of of the the people people prayed prayed the the Janazah Janazah sinful frornthe anger of Allah prayer then is saved from of is the anger Allah prayer saved the whole wholecommunity then the community given to the even though the will be given to participants only. the participants only. reward will only only be the reward though even (S.A.W.) In Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) emphasized and Muhammad emphasized andeu-Prophet In hadiths hadiths err-Muslim couraged the to funeral ceremonies. So,every Muslim funeral Sorevery to attend attend Muslims ceremonies. the Muslims couraged deceased. dut',, for me tnedeceased. male should try best to for futf to tUlfll tl his hisdut'/ try his hisbest should male
prayer asthis thisis Janazah prayer should be prayed prayed in as be is more more in congregation congregation Janazah should but rewardful. !t be prayed prayed in but thanone in more onecongregation congregation be morethan rewardful. lt can c,an people. by different people. by different place prayer but in in case 2. prayer should in but be offered in an an open shouldbe offered openplace case Janazah 2. Janazah prayed reason be prayed of or it any other it can weather otherreason canbe or bad bad weather 0r any of rain rain or in or a hall halletc. or a etc. in a mosque a mosque PRAYER 3. PRAYING PRAYER P R A Y I N JANAZAH GA N A Z A H WHILE J 3 . WHILE of andshoulders The stand and of with the shoulders levelwith the head head lmamshould The Imam should standlevel level with the Imam stand level with is male. lmamshould male. should stand deadbody body if the the body bodyis the dead partof female. the part it is isa a female. bodyif if it middle of the thebody themiddle 4. P R A Y E DIFFERS D RIFFERS J H 4 . WHERE W H E R JANAZAH EA N A Z A PRAYER prayers in otherprayers Janazah prayer is different from in prayer is only different from other slightly Janazah onlyslightly There in is no that there is no ruku, no sajdah, and no Tashahud in it. There is no Tashahud it. and no sajdah, no ruku, no there is that prayed prayer. in a a standing standing lt has fixed this It to in has to be beprayed for,offering thisprayer. fixedtime offering time for purification, 0iblah, facingQiblah, position like facing like purification, positiononly. 0ther conditions only. Other conditions prayers. sutra, dress etc. to as prayers. asin theusual usual in the to be besatisfied satisfied dress have etc.have sutra, 5. OF PRAYER PRAYER CONDUC O TFJANAZAH JANAZAH 5 . CONDUCT The prayers a. facing Qiblah is condition. The necessary condition. Oiblah is a a necessary other prayers facing a. Like Like other rows. There people their rows. Imam d ask to their There to straighten straighten lmamshoul ask the the people should rewardful. should be of as rewardful. it is ismore rows m0re bean number of rows asit should anodd oddnumber prayer necessary it is isnec.essary b. intention is in prayer as in Janazah asit Making intention is necessary Janazah necessary b. Making prayer intention in Before beginning prayer the should prayers. should beginning the intention Before in other other prayers.

1. l.

56 56

be made made in the the heart heart as as uttering uttering any any words words of niyat niyat aloud aloud was was not not be the practice practice nf Prophet Prophet Muhammad Muhammad (S.A.W.) (S.A.W.) or or of his comp' compthe anions. anions. c. F FIRST TAKBIR OR TAKBIR TAHRIMA. AKBIF T AHBIMA. T AKBIR O RT IBST Janazah prayer prayer contains contains 4 Janazah Takbirs. First First Takbir Takbir is is Takbir Takbir Tahrima. Tahrima. The The lmam Imam says says Alldhu Allahu Takbim. akbar and and raises raises his his hands hands up up t0 to the the shoulder shoulder level level with with fingers fingers akbar stretching to the the earlobes earlobes and and the the congregation c.ongregation doa does the the same' same. stretching Then the the lmam Imam folds folds his his hands hands on on his his chest chest right right hand hand over over Then the lgft. lett. the d.. DU',A DU'A 0F OF STARTltrlG. STARTING. d Du'a of Starting. Starting. Then Then the the person person can can read read one one of those those du'as du'as 0u'6'of which are are recommended recommended in in the the first first rakat rakat of of the the usual usual prayer prayer which before recitation recitation of of Fatihah. Fatihah. For For examplo' examplo' before

'4 1+

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you, "Glory be you, 0 Allah, due unto "Glory be to praises are unto you, and all all praises aredue Altah,and to you. your majesty none your name and none and is and is your majesty blessed and high high is is your nameand and blessed isworthy ;s of but you." butyou." of worship worship worthy recommend do not Or scholars do not recommend otherdu'as. du?s.Some Some scholan he can cansay say other 0r he preferable. prayer reading is preferable. but reading du 'a of in but it is in Janazah Janazahprayer starting du'5 of starting it, it does doesnot not affect affecthis his However, if someone does not read readit, doesnot However, someone practised by Muslim prayer. Both are by scholars.. prayer. ways Bothways arepractised Muslim scholas.. Then the should say:person should theperson say:Then

kasmuka tabara kasmuka hamdikawa #Sub!}ana ka wa tabara "SubfiEnaKa//ah wabi f}amdi humma wabi Kaltdh humma jad'ouka gh'ayruk." wata 'ala jad-duka wafS il5ha ghayruk." ildha wali iata"dli

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57 57

"Alfamdu "AIJ:1amdu lillehi lil-Iahi rab-hil rab-bil '6lameen. 'alameen. -ra Ar ralt rahma nirraheem. ma' n Ar i r fieerfi. - deen. Maliki yawmid yawn1id: deen. Mefiki Iyyaka na'budu na'budu wa lyydka iyyaka nasta'een. nasta 'een. iyyika hdi n ag g i rE gal m mustaqeem. I ust aqeem. ladheenaan'amta'alayhim. Sirafalladheena an 'amta 'alayhim. $irEgal Ghayril maghdubi maghdUbi _ Ghayril 'alayhim 'alayhim walaf, wala{1 /dl-leen. cjal-Ieen. Ameen." Ameen."

"Praise only for Allah, Lord " P r a i siis e so orA n l yf l l a hL , ord the Universe. Universe. of the The most kind, the most merciful. T h em ost k ind, ost t h em m erciful. The master of the Day off J Judgment. a yo T h em aste rf t udgment. o h eD YOI; alone we worship and to you alone o ua Y o ' .a lonw e ew o r s h ia pn dt oy lone ray wee p pray for help. f orh elp. w Show usst the straight way, u h es Show traigh w ta y , a yo the way off t those whom you have blessed. t h ew hose w h o ny r o uh ave b lessed. Who not your youranger, Whohave have deserved anger, not deserved gone Nor astray". N o rgone astray".
prayer Fatihah Janazah Some people do surah in prayer but but in Janazah read do not not read surahFatihah Somepeople prayer typeof as of prayer the of as of any anytype the validity validity (S.A.W.) prayer without valid that no isvalid Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) has said that is without no prayer has said Muhammad Prophet surah Fatihah. Fatihah. surah (R.A.) prayed the h e prayed Talhah bin bin says that the t h a t he b i n Aouf A o u f (R.A.) says b i n Abdullah Abdullah Talhah ( R . A . )and Abdullah a n d Abdullah Janazah behind Abdullah bin (A.A.) b i n Abbas Abbas p Abdullah behind J a n a z aprayer hr a y e r (R.A.) read he said: said: Afterwards bin aloud. Afterwards he Fatihah aloud. readsurah surahFatihah Abbas(R.A.) bin Abbas i s the y o u may i t is the k n o wthat t h a tit m a yknow "1 t h a t you " l did r e a dit l o u dso s o that i t out o u t loud d i d read ( S . A . W . ) . " sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)." M u h a m m a d P r o p h e t o f sunnah ( Bu k h a r i ) . (Bukhari). in Fatihah necesary proves is necessary fhis that surah is in reciting surahFatihah that reciting Ihis hadith hadithproves Janazah prayer as well. prayer well. as Janazah
surah Fatihah is for for Fatihah is necessary necesary

6. OF SUHAH ON FA SURAH 6 . RECITATION RECITATIO

partof be read read A chapter or can after the a chapter r"napter ran be after therecitation recitation of a or part chapter read of ratihah but to it. Fatihah to read it. butit it is isnot notessential essential ofsurah surah

7. T I . SECOND S E C O NTAKOIR DA K B I R
r.)ongregThen the should say and s a ythe t h esecond s e c o ntakbir da k b i r t h e Imam lmam should t a n dthe t h econgregThen ation shoulrl follow but to fio l l o w b u t it i t is i s not n o t necessary neressa tr o yraise r a i s the e t0 t h ehands h a n dup u s pto shoulr ation the level does, Both ways are i f someone d ways le b l u t if someon eo e sit i,t is i s alright. alright B . oth are t h eshoulder shoulde r v ebut great practised by ulamas and scholars. practised and bygreat ulamas scholars.

58 s8

8. THE SECOND T AKBIR AFTER THE S E C O NTAKBIR D 8 . AFTER per$on praying Janazah After Takbir praying Janazah should the person should sec.ond Takbir the After the the second preferable dar0d which to read readthe the darud reLite darud to which lt is is preferable in his his heart. heart.It darid in reuite prayer. pers0n a reads if! of prayer. reads of his hisusual usual Tashahud in Tashahud a person 9. TAKBIR TAKBIR THIHD 9 . THIRD takbirand and thec.ongregation congregation Then say the the third thirdtakbir saythe the Imam lmamshould Thenthe pray for the deceased. deceased. person for the should should shouldpray follow. Now, Now, eac.h eachperson shouldfollow. prayout loudand thecongregation congregation Alternatively the andthe lmamtan out loud the Imam canpray Alternatively benefit of the the for the the benefit du'Bs can say; for of kindsof of du'as afterhim. him. All All kinds Amin,after say,Amin, r.an below. these arementioned mentioned deceased Lan be Some of are below. besaid. Some of these said. deceased t.an 10. O FJANAZAH JANAZAH D U ' AOF 1 0 . DU'A (S.A.W') A l l a h(S.A.W.) ( R.A.) orf Allah Mesenge a. said of t h e Messenger t h a t the s a i dthat H u r a i r a(R.A.) h A b u Hurairah a . Abu (thefollowfollow' du? (the in his hisdu'a prayed Janazah of and saidin andhe hesaid Muslim a Mus\im prayed of a Janazah ing words): words): ing
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"Allahhum wa shahidina wa shihidini "Allah hay-yina wa wa wa wa may-yitina. mayyitina. maghfirli hum maghfirli waunthiinl, gh6-ibinE, kabeerinS'wa gha-ibina, wa wa wa zakarina wa unthana, wa kabeerina iakarin-a sagheerinE wa sagheerina 'alal hummaman la ahyihee isld'm. Allah mlO-oa fa 'alai islam. ahyihee mrn-nd man ahyaytahu ahyaytahI Alleh humma waman fatawaf-fahu waman tawaf-!aytahu min-na alai tawaf-faytahu min-na fatawaf-fahu alal iman. iman.Allah Allah taftin-ni ba'dahil." hummJ ajrahu wal6 taftin-na ba'dahii" humnraIii airah[ tahrimna latahrimmi (nhmad, (Ahmad, Abu Tirmizi, Ibn . Dawld, Abu Dawlid, lbn Majah). Maiah). Tirmizi, "0 Allah, people who are our who forgive our people still alive who have Allah,forgive arestill andwho have aliveand present pasedaway, passed forgive here who forgivethose who are andthose thosewho arepresent hereand those av,Ey, who youngand forgive are forgive our forgive our areabsent, absent, andour our males our young our elderlv, elderly, forgive males 'sh to you " and females. females. Allah,the the one and 0 Allah, one whom whom you r :sh to keep keepalive alive from among liveac.cording from us to among us make hirnlive to Is, ls. 11, n, and according andanyone anyone makehim you wish whomyou whom us, and wishto fromamong us,let let hi;n to die diefrom among him Ql1 in belief belief and 0r'rin faith. 0 Allah, faith. us and Allah,do do not deprive us from from his not deprive his reward reward and do do not not put us fitna (hardship put or us in in fitna or any any type of trial) trial}after type of hisdeath." death." afterhis {hardship

(R.A.)said (S.A.W.) 4ouf bin bin Malik Malik(R.A.) of Aouf that the the Messenger ft4essenger Allah(S.A.W.) saidthat of Allah a prayed prayer prayed a Janazah prayer and the and I heard him saying following heardhim the following saying Janazah du'a and it . du'd andI memorised memorised

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"Allah hum hum maghfidahfr maghfirtahu warhamh[ warhamhti wa'fu wa'fu 'inhu 'anhu wa wa 'dfihee 'afihee wa wa "All6h akrim nuzulohI nuzulohu un wa was-sif was-si' hudkhalah-u, 'mudkhalahu, waghsilhu waghsilhu bil bil m-aee maee akrim 'khatdy1 wath thalji thalji wal wal bardi, bardi, wa wa naq-qihlnaq-qihT minal minal 'khataya Kama yunaq' yunaqKama wath qath thawbul thawbul abya{u minad minad danasi, danasi, wa wa abdilhu abdilhu d6ran d3ran Khayram Khayram qath min darihr-, darihT, wa wa ahlan ahlan Khayram Khayram min min ahlihTwa ahlihi wa zawian zawjan khayrum khayrum min min min wa'Aia zawjihi, wa wa adkhil adkhil hul hul jan-nata, jan-nata, waqihT waqihT fitnatal fitnatal qabri qabri wa ' Aia zawiihi ban ndr"' nar." ban (Muslim) ,Musrim)
grant him,grant "0 Allah, him, mercy pardon him, mercyon on him, forgive him, have have him, pardon Allah,forgive provide lodgings, him provide him place and lodgings, spacious him a nice nice place andspacious him security, security, (off from and ice, ice,purify wash snow purify with water, water, from his snowand his sins) sins)with washhim him (off garment dirt,replace replace fromdirt, him as is from iscleansed whitegarment cleansed fromhis hissins sins asa white him from present replace family his present his abode with his family present betterone, one,replace with a better abode his present partner present with a better better one, with his partner with one, replace his present one,replace betterone, with a better grave the trials trialsof paradise him from from the of grave make and andsave sarehim him enter enterparadise makehim punishment and the of hell." of hell." and thepunishment
t. c.

(S.A.W.) (R.A.l Abu (R. A.) sa id that of of Allah Allah(S.A.W.) the messenger mssenger Hurairah that the Abu Hurairah said prayed prayed and said:and said:-

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wa ,, wa KhalaqtaltS,wa "Alleh humma anta "Allah wa anta anta Khalaqtaha, anta r3b-buha reb-buh| " vw anta lil islam, islEm, VIla anta anta hadaytahE IiI wa anta anta hadaytaha razagtahS, wa anta razaqtaha, wa hlE niybislr-rihi wa bisir-riha niyqabacjta a'lamu gaba{ta rD!)aha wo anta anta a rilfiahl ,, wa 'banu " lah} Zan yatiha, shufa'a'a, banu " yatiie, ji Lanfaghfir lahu shuia'a'a,faghfir ii ni Ahmad). (Abu Daw0d, Ahmad). Abu DawiJd, "0 Allah, you are Allah,you you have areits its Lord, Lord,you "0 created it, have it, and andvou created have vouhave guided it towards toramrds lslam, you have guided it Islam, and taken his soul and andyou have takenout outhis souf and you know knowbest bestabout aboutits itssecret you and deeds. We come secret andopen open deeds. we have have come as as intercessors, so him." intercesors. soforgive forqive hi0.': r

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One thing thing we we can can see see clearly clearly from from the the obovo above mentioned mentioned hadiths haditM One that every every companion companion wtro who narrated narrated ilo the duT du'i of Janazah Janazah prayer prayer that says that that he he heard heard the the Prophet Prophet (S.AW.I (S.A.W.) $ying saying fio the words words of of dut du'i rays in Janazah Janazah prayer. prayer. Thir This prores proves that that ths the Mosssngor M . .nger of Allsh Allah (S.A,W.! (S.A.W.) in used to say say the the Janazah Janazah prayer prayer or or at at least least the the duB du'is in in Janazah Janazah prayor prayer used aloud. Therefore, Therefore, there there should should not not bs be any any objection objection or or confusion confusion if aloud. the lmam Imam recites recites aloud aloud in in Janazah Janazah Prayer. Prayer. the There are are $ome some other other du'is du'is which which are are narrated narrated from from Prophet Prophet There Muhammad (S.A.W.)and (S.A.W.)and they they can can be be found found in in Hadith Hadith Books. Books. All All Muhammad of these these du?s du'is can can be be said said together together or or individually. individually. 0ther Other duft du'is can can of be said said with with thesa these dutr du'is but but it is is better better to to stick stick to to duE du'is approved approved be by Prophet Prophet (S.A.W.}. (S.A.W.). by
(R F 0 URTH ENDING THE JANAZAH TAKBIR) P U R T HT J A i l A Z A PRAYER H R A Y E(FO AKBtRI. E r { o t ] {T cHE

Then mam should say the I lrnam the fourth fourthtakbir andthe Thenthe shoufd saythe trkbir and fie congregcongngl ation follow and should say follorru that the andafter afterthat lmam ationshould should tre Imam should ray "As-alimu "Ar*ali'mu 'alaykum yva 'alaykum wa rafmatul-16h" turning his to face ri$t tim turning to the theright firt and rndthen hisface thsn to the should do and theleft; left;and thecongregation thosame. to the congregation should dothe $mB.
people Note:- Some people stress a du'. Ilote:onsaying du& after Some stress a lot lot on thscompletion saying aftsrthe completion prayer Janazah of prayer but but we ruppgrting of Janazah we did did not not find a single hadith find a ringlehadith poron prayer this Janazah prayer is so Janazah $is idea. idea. dub a is designed designed that all all the dto du. a person so that t0 say for the dececed wants to can uyants the deceased be said sayfor nid after afbr the fie third bkbir. canbe ftird mkbir. (S.AW.} pnctice of This practice Muhammad (S.A.W.) This was the authentic authentic of Prophet Prophet Muhrmmrd wasthe and andhiS hn companions. compantons.
PRAYER DURING A JO URNEY JO URTEY DURIilG PRAYEB

in tre situations rituatior in Islam way the practical lite and andconsiders corsiden way of of life a practical lslamis is a the made hc made So Allah Allahh. which So the difficulties. facedifficulties. follorwn may mayface which its it followers in th_ ths$ Included things in Included in in suclLsituations. believen such.situatiom. for the the believers thinp easy emyfor prayoll daily facilities is the permission for shortening and combining daily prayers permision and combining for shortening the is facilities joumey. during a a journey. during (SHORT 1. PRAYER (SHORT PRAYER). PRAYERI. PRAYER OASR I. QASR 's a journey he should pray prry 2 rakats for raks6 far{ When a is on for he should on a iournoy Muslim a Muslim When theyare. rre. remoin c they Zuhr, remain. m4hrib prayers Fairand and maghrib lsha.Fajr and Isha. lcr and Prayg6 Zuhr, Per PBAYER PBAYA QASR OASRPRAYER 2. REWARDFUl TO TO PRAY ]TORE REWARDFUL IT IS IS MORE 2. IT ($HORT (SHORT PRAYER) PRAYERI ona a journey. It is to while on praya Prayer wtrile 0asrPrayer a Qasr rervardful to pray is more morerewardful iournoy. (S.AW.) gift from "lt is Allrh which h'hhh fromAllah The of said: "It ha a gift Ms$snger TheMessenger Allah(S.A.W.) said: of Allah you;t0you youshould accept it." he upon you;so accept it." rhould hc bestowed bectornd hshas (tttrsliml. (Muslim).
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3. PRAYERS. P RAYERS. COMBININ G 3 . COMBINING prayers person A person on journey can Zuhr toZuhrand Asr prayers combine andAsr t0on a a journey cancombine praying gether Zuhror Asrtime. time.He gether praying them combine themboth bothat or Asr Hecan also at Zuhr canalso combine praying prayers at Maghrib Maghrib Maghrib and together praying them and Isha together both at lshaprayers them both Maghrib or time. lsha time. o r Isha (R.A.)sa'ys (S.A.W.) Mesenger Ibn of the Messenger of Allah Allah (S.A.W.) lbn Abbas Abbas(R.A.) that the saysthat used to Zuhr when journey Zuhrand and Asr Asr together together whenhe he was wason on a to combine a journey combine used Maghrib lsha. and he to Maghrib and to combine andIsha. heused also used combine andalso (Bukharii. (Bukhari). (S.A.W.) (R.A.)says Mu/az of was Messenger Mu'62(R.A.) that the the Messenger of Allah Allah (S.A.W.) was saysthat Tabook. lf the on journey for of If deof Tabook. the sun hadalready already dea journey for the the Battle Battle sunhad on a clined to journey after camped wanted t0 start his journey afterhaving having when he lre wanted starthis clinedwhen camped prayers Zuhr an"d somewhere, he his together his Zuhr and Asr would combine together he would combine fur prayers somewhere, praythem at Zuhr Zuhrtimet time,and andif he he decided decided to move move and to before themboth bothat before and pray prayer prayed the then the r prayer and he delayed delayed the Zuh Zuhr had declined declined thenhe andprayed the sun sun had prayer it combined with at already at Asr Asrtime. time.And And if the thesun had with Asr fur prayer sunhad already cornbined wouldcombine t0 move movehe he would Maghrib set to Maghrib and combine whenhe he wanted wanted and Isha lsha set when hadnot And if the thesun sunhad notset when together at time. he Maghrib time.And setwhen wanted at Maghrib hewanted together pray M a g h r iand a bn dpray w i t h Isha lsha to he Maghrib it at time. delay i t with a t Isha h ewould w o u l ddelay lsha time. t o move move ( A b uDawud, (Abu Tirmizi). Dawild ,i r m i z i ) . T prove their very clear meaning These hadiths are r meaning and that arevery in thei These andprove hadiths clearin that proved and a a regular regular is a a proved combining prayers while journey is and prayers while on 0n a a journey combining (S ) .t i l lthere p e o p lwho e ho w a r epeople S ,ther e practice (S.A.W.). are M d . A . W .Still, P r o p h eMuhammad t uhamma p r a c t i cof o ef Prophpt traveltheyare aretravelprayers whilethey together do in prayers together while in combining combining believe do not not believe believers gift from the believers should whichthe Allahwhich ling. this should from Allah is a a gift this is However, ling, However, and his his reject Allah's to reject accept gratefully ard wants Allah's and wantsto gratefully and if someone someone accept to him. him. Messenger's offer isup upto offerit is Mesenger's 4. TO AND PRAYERS. WHEN A N DCOMBINE COMBIN P EB A Y E R S . 4 . WHEN T OSHORTEN SHORTE N question Now,there to what Now, m to distance thereis is the the question what is is the the limiting limiting distance ourney and of journey to the of duration o f the t o make t h e facility facility o f Qasr O a s and r nd t h e duration the j make a a n d the Jama valid. valid. Jama (H.A.) " l asked Y a z e esaid, da i d , a. bin "I Anas bin when b i n Yazeed Anas b i n Malik M a l i k(R.A.) Yahya asked when a . Yahya s (R.A.)answered prayer the was A.nas that Oasrprayer Anas(R.A.) that the the wasallowed." answered the Qasr allowed." (S.A.W.) Messenger of whenever he Allah (S.A.W.) he went went away awayabout Mesenger whenever about of Allah prayed Oasr. he Gasr. 3 miles heprayed miles (Muslim (Muslim, Ahmad, Abu D a w f d Baihaqi). , aihaqi). A,h m a d A , b uDawud, B ( R . A . )says (h S.A.W.l A b u Sa/eed b. (R.A.) (S.A.W.) b . Abu Sa'eed s a y sthat t h a t whenever w h e n e v eRasulullah R r asululla t r a v e l l eabout db o u t1 farsakh a f a r s a kapproximately hp p r o x i m a t e travelled 3 l miles, a y i l e she pray m h , ewould w o u l dpray Qasr. 0asr. (Talkhee snHajr). (Talkhees Ibn lb Hair). 0 n the t h ebasis b a s iof s f these p e r s ocan na npray these pray 0 a sand r n dcan On hadiths Qasr o h a d i t ha a s person c a can p s h e nthe c o r n b i nprayers er a y e rwhen combine from w t h e distance d i s t a n che h ee travels t r a v e laway a sw a y f r o mhome home i s 3 miles. m i l e sThis T . h i sdistance d i s t a n cis p is limit ie s the t h e minimum minimum f o r Qasr O a s prayer. r rayer. f i m i tfor However t, h e r eare a r e many However, there opinions m a n yvaried varied o p i n i o n on s 0 n the t h e minimum minimum l i m i tof o f the t h edistance' d i s t a n cfor e ' fexample ox r amp9 limit 48 or day's I e,lliles, miles . 4 miles m 8 iles 0 r one e l one day's 62 62

journey journey etc. etc. what i s what In the is o a journey d nf a t h e correct o o r r e cdefinition t e f i n i t i n of I n our o u r opinion opinion iourney the society as a whole recognises urlder their c.ircUlllstances, their reCognises utrdet circurttstances, a as whole the society the limit being limit b e i n3 g miles. 3 miles. minimum t h eminimum 5. J OU R N E Y D U B A T I O OF iO l FJOURNEY 5 . DURATION prayers long A person can and his for for as aslong his prayers' pray Qasr person and combine Oasr combine can pray yearu. journey, or years. months as on whether it weeks, months or weeks, it takp.s takes whether remains a journey, on a ashe he remains purpose of his hisjourney Even if put to of the purpose place put in to fulfil fulfil the in one oneplace hestays Even if he stays iourney prayers. However, he to and his However, prayQasr his prayers. and combine Oasr combine to pray continue he can cancontinue then of days days number if to for of then for a place fixednumber a fixed in a a place t0 stay stayin intended if he he intended g 0 a n d s h orten" the opinions differ on how long he can go on combining and shorteno n l o n g h e c o m b i n i n g c a n onhow si f f e r t h e o p i n i o nd days 18days ing e.g. 4 days, 10 17days, 18 etc.. days, lTdays, etc. prayers, 10days, days, inghis hisprayers, e.g.4 whensomeone Aftsr rt study we that when s0meone saythat we can cansay hadiths of hadiths studyof a careflll careful beconsidered traveller a traveller stays in temporarily he a considered place hewould wouldbe fixedplace telnporarily in a a fixed stays dayshe journey, cart of days he can on and is of the number nunrber limit on on the there is no no limit andthere on a a journey, prayers. pray pray HaST and combine his hisprayers. Oasr and combine 6. PRAYER P R A Y E ON R NAJOURNEY AJOURNEY O NAFL 6 . NAFL (S.A.W.) prayer Prophet Prophet (S.A.W.) always offered Witr during his journey offered Witr prayer always during his journey andhe heexmphasized exmphasized andexpressed and and the of sunnat the importance importance rakat expressed of 2 rakat sunnat Fajrprayer. prayer. pray of the the Fajr Therefore, of Therefore, the should pray these, these, while while the believers believers should journey. o na a journey. on Butwhat prayer? whatabout anyother But any prayer? about othernafl andsunnat nafland sunnat question. following Thefollowing hadith The hadith answers this answers thisquestion. " (R.A.) Hafs b i n Asim s a y s"1 , l accompanied a c c o m p a n iAbdullah A eb dd u l l ab hi n U Hafs bin bin Umar (R.A.) f u i m says, mar j o u r n e to y Makkah .0n on a a journey t o Makkah. t h e way Makkah on On the hee led uss i in the w a yto t 0 Makkah l e du he nt prayer Zuhr and offered rakats. Thenhe Zuh r prayer an d offered 2 rakats. Then his tent. tent. he went went to sit in in his to sit people praying He saw sawsome somepeople and asked asked me what He praying and me were doing. doing. whatthey they were praying a r e praying T h e y are nafl', l . Then T h e nh s a i dI. 'They nafl', said hee said, 'If Iccould pray nafl r a yn said, 'lfl ould p afl prayed thenI should should have the complete complete fardprayer.'Then then have prayed the farq prayer.' Then he he contincontin'l accompanied ued,'I accompanied the the Messenger Messenger ued, of Allah on on i, (. journey. journey. He He did did of Allah prayduring during not pray travels his travels than2 rakats. morethan not his more rakats. Then Then I accompanied accompanied Abu Bakr, Bakr,Umar Umarand and Uthman Uthmanand and they thev did did the Abu the same same as as Pr.ophet Prophet (S.A.W.}'. good example Muhammad ThereIS F a good example Muhammad (S.A.W.)'. There for you you in in the the for practice of Prophet Propher practice of Muhammad (S.A.W.). J) Muhammad {S.A.W.).', ( Bukharil. (Bukhari). There aresome some otherhadiths There are other hadiths which which prove prove that that some some of the the comcompanions used to pray panions used to pray nafls nafls during during thelr their journey. journey. lt It is is better better not not t0 to praynafls naflswhile whiletravelling but travelling pray but if you you stay stay somewhere somewhere and and have have time time youmay doso. maydo so. you

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