User's Guide: Version 2007 (7.0) January 2007 DSP3D-PE-200017G

HVAC
Users Guide
Version 2007 (7.0)
January 2007
DSP3D-PE-200017G
Copyright
Copyright 1999-2007, Intergraph Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Including software, file formats, and audiovisual displays; may be used pursuant to applicable software license agreement; contains confidential and proprietary information of Intergraph and/or third parties which is protected by copyright law, trade secret law, and international treaty, and may not be provided or otherwise made available without proper authorization. Portions of this software are owned by Spatial Corp. 1986-2007. All Rights Reserved.
Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth below. For civilian agencies: This was developed at private expense and is restricted computer software submitted with restricted rights in accordance with subparagraphs (a) through (d) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at 52.227-19 of the Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) and its successors, and is unpublished and all rights are reserved under the copyright laws of the United States. For units of the Department of Defense (DoD): This is commercial computer software as defined at DFARS 252.227-7014 and the rights of the Government are as specified at DFARS 227.7202-3. Unpublished rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States. Intergraph Corporation Huntsville, Alabama 35894-0001
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All warranties given by Intergraph Corporation about equipment or software are set forth in your purchase contract, and nothing stated in, or implied by, this document or its contents shall be considered or deemed a modification or amendment of such warranties. Intergraph believes the information in this publication is accurate as of its publication date. The information and the software discussed in this document are subject to change without notice and are subject to applicable technical product descriptions. Intergraph Corporation is not responsible for any error that may appear in this document. The software discussed in this document is furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of this license. No responsibility is assumed by Intergraph for the use or reliability of software on equipment that is not supplied by Intergraph or its affiliated companies. THE USER OF THE SOFTWARE IS EXPECTED TO MAKE THE FINAL EVALUATION AS TO THE USEFULNESS OF THE SOFTWARE IN HIS OWN ENVIRONMENT. Intergraph is not responsible for the accuracy of delivered data including, but not limited to, catalog, reference and symbol data. Users should verify for themselves that the data is accurate and suitable for their project work.
Trademarks
Intergraph, the Intergraph logo, SmartSketch, FrameWorks, SmartPlant, IntelliShip, INtools, ISOGEN, PDS, and MARIAN are registered trademarks of Intergraph Corporation. Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. ACIS is a registered trademark of SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY, INC. Infragistics, Presentation Layer Framework, ActiveTreeView Ctrl, ProtoViewCtl, ActiveThreed Ctrl, ActiveListBar Ctrl, ActiveSplitter, ActiveToolbars Ctrl, ActiveToolbars Plus Ctrl, and ProtoView are trademarks of Infragistics, Inc. Portions of 2D DCM, 3D DCM, and HLM from D-Cubed Limited are incorporated. All rights reserved. Oracle, JD Edwards, PeopleSoft, and Retek are registered trademarks of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other brands and product names are trademarks of their respective owners.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Preface.................................................................................................................................6 SmartPlant 3D Documentation Set...............................................................................7
Administrative Guides ........................................................................................................ 7 User's Guides ...................................................................................................................... 8 Reference Data Guides ....................................................................................................... 9 ISOGEN Guides ............................................................................................................... 10
Documentation Comments .........................................................................................11 What's New in HVAC ................................................................................................12 HVAC: An Overview.......................................................................................................14 Selecting Objects: An Overview ................................................................................16
Apply Filters ..................................................................................................................... 17
Routing To or From Features: An Overview ................................................................18 Route Duct Command ................................................................................................19

Route Duct Ribbon ........................................................................................................... 19 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space.............................................................................. 23 Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End ......................................................................... 25 Route a Duct from a Transition End ................................................................................. 26 Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature ..................................................................... 28 Route a Duct into a Component or Nozzle ....................................................................... 29 Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct................................................................. 30 Route a Duct into an Existing Duct to Create a Branch.................................................... 31 Route a Duct from an Existing Duct to Create a Branch .................................................. 32 Choose a Working Plane................................................................................................... 33
Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview .............................................................34 Insert Split Command .................................................................................................36
Insert Split Ribbon ............................................................................................................ 36 Insert a Split ...................................................................................................................... 37
Insert Transition Command ........................................................................................38

Insert Transition Ribbon ................................................................................................... 38 Insert a Transition Feature ................................................................................................ 40
Insert In-line Component Command ..........................................................................41

Insert In-line Component Ribbon ..................................................................................... 41 Select Part Dialog Box...................................................................................................... 42 Insert In-line Component .................................................................................................. 43
Insert Surface Mount Component Command .............................................................44

Insert Surface Mount Component Ribbon ........................................................................ 44 Insert a Surface-Mounted Component .............................................................................. 45
Moving Features: An Overview......................................................................................47
HVAC Users Guide 3
Table of Contents Copying and Pasting Features: An Overview ...............................................................49 Modifying Features: An Overview .................................................................................50 Edit Straight Feature Ribbon ......................................................................................51 Edit Turn Feature Ribbon ...........................................................................................53 Edit End Feature Ribbon ............................................................................................55 Edit Split Feature Ribbon ...........................................................................................56 Edit Transition Feature Ribbon ..................................................................................57 Edit In-Line Component Ribbon ................................................................................59 Edit Surface Mounted Component Ribbon.................................................................59 Modify a Feature.........................................................................................................60 Modify a Straight Feature...........................................................................................60 Modify a Turn Feature................................................................................................61 Modify an End Feature ...............................................................................................61 Modify a Branch Feature ............................................................................................62 Modify a Transition Feature .......................................................................................62 Modify a Split Feature ................................................................................................63 Modify an Inline Component Feature.........................................................................63 Delete a Feature ..........................................................................................................64 Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview..................................................65 Common Property Tabs: An Overview ......................................................................66
Configuration Tab............................................................................................................. 66 Cross Section Tab ............................................................................................................. 67 Definition Tab................................................................................................................... 68 Notes Tab .......................................................................................................................... 68 Occurrence Tab................................................................................................................. 69 Relationship Tab ............................................................................................................... 69
Duct Run Properties Dialog Box ................................................................................70

General Tab (Duct Run Properties Dialog Box)............................................................... 70
Duct Part Properties Dialog Box ................................................................................71 Duct Properties Dialog Box........................................................................................71
General Tab (Duct Properties Dialog Box)....................................................................... 71 Defaults Tab (Duct Properties Dialog Box)...................................................................... 72
Duct Along Leg Feature Properties Dialog Box.........................................................74

General Tab (Duct Along Leg Feature Properties Dialog Box) ....................................... 74
Duct End Feature Properties Dialog Box ...................................................................75

General Tab (Duct End Feature Properties Dialog Box) .................................................. 75
Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box ..................................................................76

General Tab (Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box) ................................................. 76
Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box .............................................................77

General Tab (Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box) ............................................ 77
Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box .........................................................78

General Tab (Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box) ........................................ 78
Duct Turn Feature Properties Dialog Box ..................................................................79

General Tab (Duct Turn Feature Properties Dialog Box)................................................. 79
Duct Component Properties Dialog Box ....................................................................81 4 HVAC Users Guide
Table of Contents
Connections Tab (Duct Component Properties Dialog Box)............................................ 81
Insert Component Properties Dialog Box...................................................................82

General Tab (Insert Component Properties Dialog Box).................................................. 82
Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box..........................................83

General Tab (Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box)......................... 83 Placement Tab (Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box)..................... 84
Modify Component Properties ...................................................................................85 Modify Cross Section Properties ................................................................................86 Modify Multiple Cross Section Dimensions ..............................................................87 Assign Default Properties for Duct Route ..................................................................88 Modify Duct Run Properties.......................................................................................88 Modify Split Properties...............................................................................................89 Modify Transition Properties......................................................................................90 Using the Flow Calculator: An Overview......................................................................91 Flow Calculator Dialog Box.......................................................................................93
Estimate Flow Rate ........................................................................................................... 94
Determining the Center of Gravity and Duct Weight: An Overview .........................95 HVAC Glossary................................................................................................................96 Index................................................................................................................................141
HVAC Users Guide 5
Preface
Preface
This document is a user's guide for the SmartPlant 3D HVAC task and provides command reference information and procedural instructions.
6 HVAC Users Guide
Preface
SmartPlant 3D Documentation Set

The SmartPlant 3D documentation set is available as Adobe PDF files. The content of the PDF files is the same content as online Help. To access these PDF documents in the software, click Help > Printable Guides. The documentation set is divided into four categories:
Administrative guides contain information about installing, configuring, customizing, and troubleshooting SmartPlant 3D. User's guides provide command reference and how-to information for working in each SmartPlant 3D task. Reference data guides define the reference data workbooks. Not all tasks have reference data. ISOGEN guides
Administrative Guides
Project Management User's Guide - Provides instructions for setting up the databases, creating permission groups, backing up and restoring project data, assigning access permissions to the model, managing interference detection, defining and managing locations for Global Workshare, controlling duplication and consolidation of plants, tools for synchronization, regeneration of report databases, and version upgrade. SmartPlant 3D Database Integrity Guide - Provides information about the error messages in the database integrity reports, including meaning, cause, and possible corrective action. SmartPlant 3D Global Workshare Guide - Provides instructions for setting up the software and the databases to work in a workshare environment. SmartPlant 3D Installation Guide - Provides instructions on installing and configuring the software on both the client and server computers. SmartPlant 3D/IntelliShip Programmer's Guide - Provides information about custom commands, naming rules, and symbol programming. SmartPlant 3D Integration Reference Guide - Provides information about installing, configuring, and using SmartPlant 3D in an integrated environment. SmartPlant 3D Interference Checking Guide - Provides information on installing, configuring, and using the interference detection service.
HVAC Users Guide 7
Preface SmartPlant 3D Interpreting Human Piping Specifications - Provides information about how to interpret human piping specifications so that you can create the corresponding piping specification in the software. SmartPlant 3D Plant Design System (PDS) Guide - Provides all information needed to use PDS with SmartPlant 3D. Topics include referencing active PDS projects in SmartPlant 3D, exporting PDS data and importing that data into SmartPlant 3D, converting PDS reference data to SmartPlant 3D reference data, and converting EDEN symbols to Visual Basic symbols. SmartPlant 3D Release Bulletin - Provides what's new, hardware/software requirements, and support information for the current release. SmartPlant 3D Troubleshooting Guide - Provides information on how to resolve errors that you may encounter in the software by documenting troubleshooting tips, error messages, and to do list messages.
User's Guides
Catalog User's Guide - Provides information about viewing, editing, and creating reference data and select lists (codelists). Common User's Guide - Provides information about defining workspaces, navigating in the model, precision input, filtering, manipulating views, and running reports. Drawings and Reports User's Guide - Provides information about creating drawing and report deliverables. Electrical User's Guide - Provides information about routing electrical cable, cableway, cable tray, and conduit. Equipment and Furnishings User's Guide - Provides information about placing equipment. Grids User's Guide - Provides instructions for creating coordinate systems, elevation grid planes, vertical grid planes, radial cylinders, radial planes, grid arcs, and grid lines. Hangers and Supports User's Guide - Provides instructions on placing piping, duct, cableway, and conduit supports in the model. HVAC User's Guide - Provides instructions for routing HVAC duct. Piping User's Guide - Provides instructions for routing pipe and placing valves, taps, and pipe joints. Space Management User's Guide - Provides instructions for placing volumes (such as drawing volumes, obstruction zones) in the model. 8 HVAC Users Guide
Preface Structural Analysis User's Guide - Provides instructions for defining loads, load cases, load combinations, and the importing and exporting of analytical data. Structure User's Guide - Provides instructions for placing structural members such as: beams, columns, braces, slabs, openings, stairs, ladders, equipment foundations, and handrails. Systems and Specifications User's Guide - Provides instructions for creating systems and their hierarchies and selecting which specifications are available for each system type. SmartPlant 2D Symbols User's Guide - Provides instructions for creating cross section symbols.
Reference Data Guides

Drawings and Reports Reference Data Guide - Provides information about reports reference data. Electrical Reference Data Guide - Provides information about electrical cable, cableway, cable tray, and conduit reference data. Equipment and Furnishings Reference Data Guide - Provides information about equipment reference data and name rules. Hangers and Supports Reference Data Guide - Provides information about hangers and supports reference data. HVAC Reference Data Guide - Provides information about HVAC reference data. Piping Reference Data Guide - Provides information about piping reference data including piping specifications, piping specification rules, piping parts, piping symbols, and name rules. SmartPlant 2D Symbols Reference Data Guide - Provides information about the twodimensional symbols used in all tasks. SmartPlant 3D Reference Data Guide - Provides instructions about the Bulkload utility, codelists, and the reference data common to several disciplines. SmartPlant 3D Symbols Reference Data Guide - Provides information about the Visual Basic Part Definition Wizard and the three-dimensional symbols used in all tasks. Space Management Reference Data Guide - Provides information about space management reference data.
HVAC Users Guide 9
Preface Structure Reference Data Guide - Provides information about structural reference data and name rules.
ISOGEN Guides
AText Reference Guide - Provides information about alternative text for isometric drawings. This guide is from Alias, the makers of ISOGEN. Option Switches Reference Guide - Provides information about the ISOGEN option switches for isometric drawings. This guide is from Alias, the makers of ISOGEN. Symbol Keys Reference Guide - Provides information about the symbol keys for isometric drawings. This guide is from Alias, the makers of ISOGEN.
10 HVAC Users Guide
Preface
Documentation Comments
Send documentation comments or suggestions to PPMdoc@intergraph.com.
HVAC Users Guide 11
Preface
What's New in HVAC

Version 2007
The Insert In-line Component command now supports the placement of branches and turns. For more information, see Insert In-line Component. The Insert In-line Component command now supports eccentric turn transitions. For example, you can turn and transition objects such as a reducing elbow. You can use the Align option on the Insert Transition Ribbon to define the transition. For more information, see Insert Transition Ribbon. You can now place Clean-Out Tees and other 3-way components at the end feature of HVAC routing. You can now rotate the end feature of a duct by setting the Rotation Angle. Width and depth values for ducts can be defined using a drop-down list. The values in the drop-down list are defined using a specification setting (for a single duct or for the complete project). A new property named Interior Coating Requirement now supports the available surface treatment and coating for objects. Values for the property can be edited using the Coating Type select list in the Catalog task. You can use the Specify Component Tag option on the Insert Component command to create and correlate a component. The software queries the Design Basis values for the indicated tag number. If the value is found, the component is created. Pipe routed from taps on elbows now extends to the elbow surface. A new tap property named Computed Socket Depth defines the actual socket depth. The Weld Type value can be changed manually. You can return to the default value by selecting By Rule on the General tab of the Pipe Weld Properties dialog box. You can now change the size and shape of all the selected duct features at once by executing a multi-select utilizing the SHIFT key. For more information, see Modify Multiple Cross Section Dimensions, page 87. You can now view a Divisions tree for HVAC component types when using the Catalog task. Additional TROX symbols and parts have been added to <product directory>\3D\CatalogData\Bulkloads\SampleDataFiles\Hvac SampleData.xls.
12 HVAC Users Guide
Preface
Additional Spiral symbols and parts have been added to <product directory>\3D\CatalogData\Bulkloads\DataFiles\Spiral HVAC Catalog.xls.
HVAC Users Guide 13
HVAC: An Overview
HVAC: An Overview
The HVAC task provides a workspace for distributed duct system design. The task creates a three-dimensional representation or model of a distributed system. You can create a fully rendered 3-D model of the various duct systems. The HVAC task uses point-by-point routing and inserts HVAC components and splits during design. You can modify HVAC features as design needs arise. You can start this task by clicking Tasks > HVAC. When you select an object, such as a feature or duct run, the software displays the appropriate ribbon with commands that allow you to edit that object. For example, if you select a duct run for modification, the software provides functionality and access to commands to change the parent system, the run name, the specification assigned to that run, and properties, such as duct thickness. Filters interact with objects. If you select Duct Parts as the option for a filter, the entire parts are highlighted when you select them. Filters that you can select include these options:

Duct Runs Duct Features Duct Parts Connections Equipment HVAC Nozzles All
The vertical toolbar on the left side of the window contains tools that you use to route the HVAC system. The Select tool allows you to quit all active commands and select an object that you need to review or modify. After you have placed a section of ducting, you then can modify the run by several operations:

Inserting split features or splitting one line into multiple runs. Modifying the size of the existing run by inserting a transition feature. Adding components to represent a complex composition of the run. For example, you can use commands to insert inline components and surfacemounted components.
14 HVAC Users Guide
HVAC: An Overview The HVAC task has these commands: Select - Selects objects in the model. For more information, see Selecting Objects: An Overview, page 16. Route Duct - Creates a new duct run, extends an existing run, routes to or from nozzles or end features, and creates branches from duct runs. For more information, see Route Duct Command, page 19. Insert Split - Cuts a duct along a straight section into two straight features. For more information, see Insert Split Command, page 36. Insert Transition - Adjusts the duct to accommodate combinations of changes in shape and manually places and modifies a transition. You can create a transition feature only on an existing end feature or HVAC port. For more information, see Insert Transition Command, page 38. Insert In-line Component - Places components that the software did not place automatically during routing. These components can include straight features, end features, cross sections, and so on. For more information, see Insert In-line Component Command, page 41. Insert Surface Mount Component - Places surface-mounted components at the location and rotation that you want. For more information, see Insert Surface Mount Component Command, page 44. Tools > Flow Calculator - Provides a tool for you to complete partial calculations to choose the cross section or to estimate the flow rate. For more information, see Using the Flow Calculator: An Overview, page 91. Related Topics Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature, page 28 Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct, page 30
HVAC Users Guide 15
HVAC: An Overview
Selecting Objects: An Overview

All objects in the HVAC task have properties that you can edit. Using the Select command on the vertical toolbar, you select the object that you want to edit.
An important part of the Select command is the Locate Filter box that appears on the ribbon. The Locate Filter box contains the available, pre-defined filters for the Select command. When you choose a filter in the Locate Filter box, the software allows you to select only the filtered objects in a graphic view and in the Workspace Explorer. For example, if you select Duct Runs, you can select only duct runs in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. The HVAC task includes these filters: Duct Runs - Allows you to select entire duct runs. Duct Features - Allows you to select objects that are editable in the HVAC task. Duct Parts - Allows you to select ducting and component parts. Connections - Allows you to select HVAC connections. Equipment - Allows you to select equipment components. HVAC Nozzles - Allows you to select HVAC nozzles. Use the Inside fence command to select all objects entirely inside the fence. Use the Inside/Overlapping fence command to select all objects entirely inside the fence and those objects outside but touching the fence at some point.
16 HVAC Users Guide
HVAC: An Overview
Apply Filters
1. Click Select . 2. Select the filter for the objects to locate. Notes
Filters allow you to work efficiently in a model that can be densely populated. For example, you can use a filter to select a duct run from a graphic view. The list of filters that you can select includes Duct Runs, Duct Features, Duct Parts, Connections, Equipment, HVAC Nozzles, and All, which includes objects from other tasks. Duct Features is the default filter. These features are the objects that you can edit in the HVAC task. You can select multiple objects with a fence or by using the keyboard shortcuts with the CTRL or SHIFT key.
Related Topics Choose a Working Plane, page 33 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Route a Duct from a Transition End, page 26 Route a Duct from an Existing Duct to Create a Branch, page 32 Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature, page 28 Route a Duct into a Component or Nozzle, page 29 Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct, page 30 Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End, page 25 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
HVAC Users Guide 17
Routing To or From Features: An Overview

In addition to the basic functions of creating new runs or extending previous runs, the command supports routing to or from nozzles (end of component), Route Duct straight features, or end features. If you route to or from a straight feature, the software creates a branch. If you route to or from an end feature, the software extends the previous run. When you select an end feature before clicking Route Duct on the vertical toolbar, the command uses the selected end feature as the starting point for a duct run, and sets the working plane. When you select a straight feature, Route Duct joins the run with the feature, including all matching parts and fittings, and defines the working plane based on the plane of the branch. If you need to route from a feature, select the end feature before clicking Route Duct. If you select a feature while routing, the software connects the route to that feature. Related Topics Choose a Working Plane, page 33 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Route a Duct from a Transition End, page 26 Route a Duct from an Existing Duct to Create a Branch, page 32 Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature, page 28 Route a Duct into a Component or Nozzle, page 29 Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct, page 30 Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End, page 25 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
18 HVAC Users Guide
Route Duct Command

Creates a new duct run, extends an existing run, or routes to or from nozzles or end features. Routing from an end feature continues that run. You can also create branches from duct runs. If an end feature is selected before the Route Duct command starts, that feature is the default starting point for the new duct run. Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Route Duct Ribbon, page 19 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
Route Duct Ribbon

Sets options for routing a duct run. The ribbon displays different options based on the duct shape, including rectangular, flat oval, and round. Properties - Displays the Duct Properties dialog box. For more information, see Duct Properties Dialog Box, page 71. Start Route - Click to specify the starting location of the duct run. End Route - Click to specify the point to end the duct run. Plane
Plan Plane - Defines the work surface as the XY plane at the depth of the active end. You can also press CTRL + 1 to select this option. Elevation Plane: East-West - Defines the work surface as the XZ plane. You can also press CTRL + 2 to select this option. Elevation Plane: North-South - Defines the work surface as the YZ plane. You can also press CTRL + 3 to select this option. Plane by Turn/Branch - Defines the work surface as the plane defined by an existing turn or branch. You select the turn or branch to set the plane. You can also press CTRL + 4 to select this option. Plane by Three Points - Defines the work surface using three points that you define. You can also press CTRL + 5 to select this option. No Plane - Clears any work surfaces. The software does not project points that you place to any plane. You can also press CTRL + 6 to select this option.
HVAC Users Guide 19
Routing To or From Features: An Overview Run - Displays a list containing all existing runs in the same system as the run that you last placed. If you select an existing duct run from the list, the software activates that run. The New Duct Run option opens the New Duct Run dialog box. The More option opens the Select Duct Run dialog box. Shape - Defines the offset cross-sectional shape. When you change the crosssectional type, the dimension boxes display different values.
If you select Rectangle, the available dimension properties are Width, Depth, Radius, and Orientation. If you select Round, the available dimension properties are Diameter, Length, and Offset. If you select Flat Oval, the available dimension properties are Width, Depth, Orientation, Length, and Offset.
Width - Defines the width dimension of the cross section. The width is always equal to or larger than the depth. Tip
This option is available only if you have selected Rectangle or Flat Oval in the Shape box.
You can enter only values that are greater than or equal to the depth value, if defined. Values stored in the reference data determine the list of options. The list displays only the values that are valid for the current depth. If the depth is not defined, or the Depth box is blank, the width size is based on the default width ratio. Depth - Defines the depth of the cross section. The amount that you type must be less than or equal to the current value for width. Tip
This option is available only if you have selected Rectangle or Flat Oval in the Shape box.
You can enter only values that are less than or equal to the width value, if defined. The list of options is determined by the values stored in the reference data. The list displays only the values that are valid for the current width. If the width is not defined, or the Width box is empty, the depth size is based on the default width ratio. Radius - Defines the radius of the cross section. This option is available for rectangular shapes. The corner radius box is not active until you define both a width and a depth. If you change width or depth, the software updates the list to contain the allowed values for that combination of width and depth. If the reference data cannot accept the width, depth, or both, you must type a radius. The Radius box is not available if you select an end feature or nozzle to position the offset, because this action determines the cross section shape and size of the offset cross section.
20 HVAC Users Guide
Routing To or From Features: An Overview Tip
This option is available only if you have selected Rectangle in the Shape box.
Diameter - Defines the diameter only for shapes that you assign as Round. Orientation - Defines the angle between the local axis and width axis of the duct run. Angle Lock - Locks or unlocks the Angle box. Angle - Defines the angle for the current route segment. If the Angle Lock is unlocked, the box displays a dynamic readout of the current bend angle. Length Lock - Locks or unlocks the Length box. Length - Defines the length for the current route segment. If the Length Lock is unlocked, this box displays the dynamic readout of the current route segment length. Offset - Defines the offset of the part surface from the working plane. The offset reference options are centerline and largest surface. Turn Type - Defines the type of turn to use while routing. Throat Radius - Defines the turn radius to use as a multiplier function of the duct dimension in the plane of the turn and the bend radius for turns while routing. The existing turn features on the duct run are not changed, even if you change the default turn. The throat radius refers to the inner surface of the turn of the bend. Related Topics Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Duct Properties Dialog Box, page 71 Route Duct Command, page 19
HVAC Users Guide 21
New Duct Run Dialog Box

Opens when you start to route duct. Category - Specifies the general group of properties to display. Property - Identifies various properties that you must define when you start to route a new duct run. Value - Specifies the value for the property. System - Defines the parent system for the duct. Name - Defines the name of the new duct run that you are creating. Name Rule - Specifies the name rule to use for the duct or User Defined if you typed a value in the Name box. Specification - Defines the specification that is associated with the new duct run. Max. Recommended Velocity - Defines the maximum recommended velocity for the duct run. Max. Recommended Pressure Loss - Defines the maximum recommended pressure loss for the duct run. Material - Defines the material for the duct run. Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct run material. Insulation Material - Defines the type of material that composes the duct run insulation. The software limits the selections to materials that the duct specifications allow. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct insulation. Related Topics Choose a Working Plane, page 33 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Route a Duct from a Transition End, page 26 Route a Duct from an Existing Duct to Create a Branch, page 32 Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature, page 28 Route a Duct into a Component or Nozzle, page 29 Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct, page 30 Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End, page 25 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
22 HVAC Users Guide
Select Duct Run Dialog Box

Provides a list of all existing duct runs that you have placed in the workspace. You can select the duct run that you want to activate. This dialog box opens when you select More in the Run box on the Route Duct ribbon. Related Topics Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Route Duct Command, page 19
Select System Dialog Box

Provides a list of all defined duct runs. Look in - Defines the location to search for the duct run. Select Workspace to look for the duct runs that exist only in your defined workspace. Select Database to look for the duct run in the entire Model database. Related Topics Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Route Duct Command, page 19
Create a New Duct Run in Free Space

1. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 2. Select the starting point for the new duct run in the graphic view. Tip If the point that you define as the starting point is not an end feature of an existing duct, then the software automatically displays the New Duct Run dialog box to record properties. 3. On the New Duct Run dialog box, select a duct specification and assign the appropriate properties for the duct run that you are establishing.
4. Optionally, click Properties
on the ribbon.
Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 5. Assign the properties that you want for the duct route (optional). Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 6. Click Plane on the ribbon to define the working plane for the routed duct. Choose a Working Plane, page 33 7. Select subsequent points in the graphic view to define the route of your new duct run.
HVAC Users Guide 23
Routing To or From Features: An Overview 8. Select the ending point of the new duct run. Notes
If an end feature is selected before the Route Duct command starts, that feature is the default starting point for the new duct run. You can use the PinPoint and Point Along commands to more easily select start and end locations. You can change a cross section by clicking Shape, Width, Depth, or Diameter on the ribbon. Using the Length and Angle constraints, you can lock these parameters while routing a duct or you can type the needed values. The Orientation command allows you to change the orientation of a cross section. The command is available while routing by clicking Orientation on the ribbon, or you can edit the orientation value on feature property pages. The command can orient the cross section in a standard or skewed position and allows you to specify the location of a cross section in the duct run. Orientation changes the local axis (U or V) of the run associated with the width axis of the offset cross section. You cannot access the command if an end feature or nozzle is selected to position the offset; this action fixes the orientation of both ends of the transition. Types of cross section shapes include round, rectangular, and flat oval. The software uses reference data from the duct specification to provide defaults for transition features, turn features, default number of miters defined for range of bend angles, and formulas for duct calculation. The Excel workbook named HVAC.xls in the reference data defines the known, sample occurrences and definition properties for equipment. For information on adding or editing different types of properties, see the SmartPlant 3D Reference Data Guide available from the Help > Printable Guides command.
Related Topics Choose a Working Plane, page 33 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Route a Duct from a Transition End, page 26 Route a Duct from an Existing Duct to Create a Branch, page 32 Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature, page 28 Route a Duct into a Component or Nozzle, page 29 Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct, page 30 Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End, page 25 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
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Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End

1. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 2. Select an existing nozzle or component end from which to begin routing the duct run. Tip When you select a nozzle or component end, the software sets the cross section of the duct to match the cross section and orientation of the nozzle or component. 3. If you start routing from a nozzle, then the Create New Run dialog box displays. If necessary, change the settings for the new duct segment on the ribbon.
4. Place the end point for the duct run. Notes
The minimum straight length is the length extending outside the joint flanges but does not include the length of duct that is inside the flange, or counter joint component. The software automatically inserts the counter joint component, or flange, if one is needed. The software automatically calculates the length that is inside the flange during duct fabrication or positioning of the ports on the flange parts. Therefore, the software can compute the required length of the straight feature.
The graphic shows detail of nozzle connection: (A) - Flange (B) - Minimum straight length (C) - Welding gap
When you change the cross section or complete a turn, the software first inserts the counter component at the nozzle and the minimum length straight features. Then the software automatically inserts the default transition or turn. If you complete both actions for the cross section and turn, the software adds the transition first.
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If you change the routing direction, the software automatically inserts the required features for the straight length and the turn. The End Route point that you set with the Route Duct ribbon defines only an angle if you enter a length constraint, and only a length if you enter an angle constraint. Click Properties necessary. to change the properties assigned to the duct, if
Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
Route a Duct from a Transition End

1. Select the end of the duct transition feature from which you want to continue routing. 2. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 3. Change the cross section of the current, or computed, duct, if needed. Tip When you change a cross section, the software automatically changes the adjacent transition to accommodate the transition feature. 4. Change the routing direction, if needed.
Tip When you change routing direction, the software automatically inserts or changes the turn feature or transition feature. Additional information appears later in the Notes section. 5. Place the end point for the duct run.
Notes

A duct run is a duct path using the same specification and service. A feature defines the geometry and design intent of a run. Examples are straights and branches. You can move the feature at any time during the design process. More than one part can comprise a feature. A turn feature represents a change in direction of the duct. The turn feature can later define an elbow or other fitting. An end feature represents either end of the physical duct. A straight feature represents a straight section of duct.
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A transition feature represents a change of cross section for the duct. A default transition feature has cross sections that either you specify manually or the software defines by default. The feature type is concentric or centerline-aligned. The following graphic depicts the rule that defines the length of the default transition feature:
(A) - W2 or the value of the second width in the default transition feature (B) - L or length in the default transition feature; to determine the length, subtract the second length from the first length; then divide the difference by the tangent of the transition wall angle; in algebraic form, the equation is L = (W1 - W2) / tan x (where x is equal to the transition wall angle) (C) - W1 or the value of the first width in the default transition feature
A default turn feature has the same cross sections on both ends. The following graphic depicts the turn radius:
(A) - Uses a width ratio (depth divided by width) to calculate the turn radius for a rectangle (B) - Uses a width ratio (depth divided by width) to calculate the turn radius for a flat oval Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
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Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature

1. Select the end of a duct that appears in the model to start routing. 2. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 3. Change the cross section of the current duct using the options on the ribbon, if needed. Tip When you change a cross section, the software automatically inserts a transition feature. 4. Change the routing direction, if needed.
Tip When you change routing direction, the software automatically inserts or changes the turn feature. Additional information appears later in the Notes section. 5. Click to place the end point for the duct run.
Notes
A feature composes part of a system duct. Examples are straights and branches. The feature is free for you to move at any time during the design process. A turn feature represents a change in direction of the duct. In later work, you can define this feature as an elbow or other fitting. A transition feature represents a change of cross section for the duct. The following graphic depicts the rule that defines length of the default transition feature:
(A) - W2 or the value of the second width in the default transition feature (B) - L or length in the default transition feature; to determine the length, subtract the second length from the first length; then divide the difference by the tangent of the transition wall angle; in algebraic form, the equation is L = (W1 - W2) / tan x (where x is equal to the transition wall angle) (C) - W1 or the value of the first width in the default transition feature.
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Click Properties
to change the properties assigned to the duct.
Route a Duct into a Component or Nozzle

1. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 2. Begin the new duct run. 3. Continue the duct run and connect the run into the component or nozzle end. Tip The centerline must be collinear with the existing component end or nozzle for the software to connect to the existing duct. To determine if the centerline is collinear, use relationship indicators or rotate the view. 4. Change the cross section for the duct, if needed.
Tips
The software automatically inserts a counter joint, if needed. The counter joint is the matching flange part that supports a connection. If the cross section is different between the end connection and the existing duct, the software automatically inserts the default transition at the nozzle side.
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Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct

1. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 2. Begin the new duct run. 3. Continue the duct run and connect the run into the end of an existing duct. Tip
If the two ducts have differing cross sections, the software inserts a transition.
Notes
If the centerline of the active duct is not collinear with the existing duct, the software automatically inserts the turn feature at both duct ends. If the two ducts are collinear, the software merges the two sections into one section. If the cross section is different between the existing duct and active duct, the software automatically inserts the default transition at the side of the existing duct. The first illustration depicts an active duct and an existing duct with the same cross sections. The second illustration depicts these ducts with different cross sections, including the turn feature inserted for the existing duct:
(A) - Active duct (B) - Existing duct (C) - Transition feature Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Routing To or From Features: An Overview, page 18
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Route a Duct into an Existing Duct to Create a Branch

1. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 2. Click a starting location for the new duct run. 3. Select a point on the existing duct run that serves as the intersection between the new and existing runs and as the end point of the new run. Tips
After you establish an intersection, the software places a stub-in branch. A stub-in is similar to an olet or rweld component of piping, which involves cutting a small hole in the duct to place the other piece of duct. The location that you select must be on the centerline of the duct.
Notes
When you locate the point on a duct surface, by default the software aligns it with the centerline of the duct. While defining the duct run, you can specify area or depth points by using relationship indicators. The PinPoint command also is available.
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Route a Duct from an Existing Duct to Create a Branch

1. Click Route Duct on the vertical toolbar. 2. Click the location on the existing duct straight feature from which to start routing. The Create New Run dialog box displays. Tip The location that you select can be on the duct surface for a square cross section or the centerline of the duct for a round cross section. 3. Change the cross section of the current duct, if needed.
4. Change the routing direction, if needed. Tip When you change routing direction, the software automatically changes the branch surface. 5. Select a point on another run that serves as the intersection between the new and existing runs and as the end point of the new run.
Notes
When you create the new run, you can use the PinPoint command to type the X-, Y-, and Z-coordinates of the corners, or use SmartSketch to define area or depth points. When you locate the point on a duct surface, by default the software aligns it with the centerline of the duct.
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Choose a Working Plane

1. On the Route Duct toolbar, click Working Plane 2. Select the working surface for the duct run. Tip
Available options for the working plane include:
Related Topics Choose a Working Plane, page 33 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88 Route a Duct from a Transition End, page 26 Route a Duct from an Existing Duct to Create a Branch, page 32 Route a Duct from an Existing End Feature, page 28 Route a Duct into a Component or Nozzle, page 29 Route a Duct into the End of an Existing Duct, page 30 Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End, page 25
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Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview

The HVAC task includes several commands that allow you to model detailed HVAC systems. These commands create sophisticated ducting systems, complete with all the necessary components for your model design. The Insert In-line Component and Insert Surface Mount Component commands allow you to add such objects as heaters, gauges, and access panels to your HVAC system. The Insert Transition and Insert Split commands provide tools to create more intricate duct routes that divide, branch, and change cross sections. Using these commands, you can add functional capabilities to your duct run during the routing process, inserting splits, and components to meet particular design needs and constraints that arise. By placing such objects during the routing process, the software presents a more accurate model of the final design, without needless, extensive editing of the duct system. You can start all of these commands from the HVAC vertical toolbar. During routing, you can select the needed command and the software immediately suspends routing while determining the properties and placement of the object. When the object is finished, the software returns to the routing process. You can also insert objects as necessary after the route is completed. Terminology These terms describe the different components that you work with during a session with the HVAC software:
A feature is a modeled portion of a duct run in the model consisting of one or more parts. Examples include a turn or a branch. You are free to move the feature at any time during the design process. A turn feature is part of a duct run in the model. The turn feature represents a change in direction for the duct run. You later can define this feature as an elbow or other fitting. An end feature represents either end of the physical duct run. A straight feature represents a straight section of duct run. A transition feature represents a change of cross section of the duct run. A split feature represents a break and a joint in the duct. Examples are butt welding, flange set, and joint sleeve.
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Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview Changing Inline Components You can perform the following types of modifications for inline components:

Select inline components from a list that satisfies project-specific rules Orient fittings and components automatically based on default behavior Specify an orientation that differs from the default orientation, when multiple orientations are possible Create transitions automatically based on project-specific rules to accommodate connection size on line components Move a fitting or component, after you have placed it, to a new location along the duct run Select inline components, like a diagram material schedule or catalog, from a list that satisfies project-specific rules and insert that component into a ducting run
Two modes of operation are available when you insert a component:
Standalone mode - Places a component independently without using other commands. This mode starts when you insert a component in a straight feature or at an end feature of a completed duct run. Routing mode - Works in conjunction with the Route Duct command. After you have started the Route Duct command, you start the Insert Inline Component command and place the component at the active point. The Route Duct command remains active.
Related Topics Insert a Transition Feature, page 40
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Insert Split Command

Cuts a duct along a straight section into two straight ducts. The software inserts a split to connect the end of the two ducts at the location that you cut the duct. The split generates splits parts, such as a flange set, sleeve, socket joint, or butt weld. Related Topics Modify Split Properties, page 89
Insert Split Ribbon

Changes options for a split that divides a duct straight feature into two segments. Properties - Activates the Properties dialog box for the selected split. The default value for all properties is the last value that you used, except for those values from the end feature or straight feature parameters. For more information, see Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 76. Select Feature - Selects the duct straight feature in which you want to insert a split. Position - Defines the location to insert the split. Run - Defines the name of the duct run to which the split belongs. This box displays the duct runs that belong to the system of the straight feature or end feature. Click More to browse for a duct run that is not in the list. See Select Duct Run Dialog Box, page 23 for more information. While inserting a split, you cannot create a new duct run. Type - Defines the type of split that you are modifying. Examples are a rectangular flange, rectangular sleeve, and butt weld. The software generates this list based on those components that the duct specification allows for the selected duct. If the specification allows, the default value for all properties is the last value that you used. Otherwise, the software uses the default value in the specification. Width Slope - Defines the slope angle to the width axis. The Width Slope box appears only if you select a split type that supports slope. Values range from -89 to 89. Depth Slope - Defines the slope angle to the depth axis. The Depth Slope box displays only if you select a split type that supports slope. Values range from -89 to 89. Related Topics Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 76 Insert Split Command, page 36 36 HVAC Users Guide
Insert a Split
1. Click Insert Split on the vertical toolbar. 2. Select the straight feature to split. 3. Select the type of split that you need in the Type box. 4. For some split types, use the Width Slope and Depth Slope boxes to orient the split correctly. 5. Click on the duct run to precisely locate the point to insert the split. Notes
The Insert Split command cuts a duct along a straight section into two straight features and inserts a split feature to connect the ends of the two ducts at the cut location. A feature is an object that defines the geometry and design intent of a run. A split feature is more specific in its design by representing a break and a joint in the ducting. Examples are a sleeve; butt weld; flange set, either sloped or flat; and a socket joint, either rivet or screw. These examples also are called split parts, which the software reads from the reference data. You can locate split features or individual parts of the split feature with the Select command. You can start the Insert Split command without finishing the Route Duct command. You do not need to select an existing duct run and define the location of the split part. The software creates the split and posts it to the database. Route Duct is available again after you create the split. If you end the Route Duct command after placing the split and do not place other features, so that the split feature and end feature are in the same location, the software automatically deletes the split feature. Click Properties to configure the split. You can complete this step at any time during this procedure. For more information, see Modify Split Properties, page 89.
Related Topics Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview, page 34 Insert a Transition Feature, page 40
HVAC Users Guide 37
Insert Transition Command

Adjusts the duct to accommodate all possible combinations of change in shape. You can create a transition feature only on an existing end feature or HVAC port. The command allows you to manually place and modify a transition. By inserting a transition feature, you are changing a cross section in the duct routing. Related Topics Insert a Split, page 37
Insert Transition Ribbon

Creates duct transitions for possible combinations of change to shape, size, and orientation. Note
The contents of the ribbon depend on the feature that you select.
Properties - Opens the Transition Properties dialog box with properties for the inserted transition feature. For more information, see Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 78. Start Transition - Click to identify the start point of the transition. If you do not define a starting point, the software uses the current location of the object as the starting point. Offset Transition - Click to identify the offset location for the transition. Finish - Ends the placement of the transition feature. Click this button after you are satisfied with the editing that you have completed. Plane
Plan Plane - Defines the work surface as the XY plane at the depth of the active end. You can also press CTRL + 1 to select this option. Elevation Plane: East-West - Defines the work surface as the XZ plane. You can also press CTRL + 2 to select this option. Elevation Plane: North-South - Defines the work surface as the YZ plane. You can also press CTRL + 3 to select this option. Plane by Turn/Branch - Defines the work surface as the plane defined by an existing turn or branch. You select the turn or branch to set the plane. You can also press CTRL + 4 to select this option. Plane by Three Points - Defines the work surface using three points that you define. You can also press CTRL + 5 to select this option.
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No Plane - Clears any work surfaces. The software does not project points that you place to any plane. You can also press CTRL + 6 to select this option.
Run - Defines the name of the duct run associated with the transition. If you select New Duct Run, the New Duct Run dialog box opens. The New/Continue Run option automatically activates the duct run of the selected feature. Type - Defines the type of transition feature. Options include Straight Parallel, Straight Slanted, Turn, and Miter Turn. Shape - Defines the shape of the duct. You can change size and orientation, as needed. Options include Rectangle, Round, and Flat Oval. Width - Defines the width of the new rectangular or flat oval cross sections. The width is always equal to or larger than the depth. Values stored in the reference data determine the list of options. Also, you can enter an amount for the width. Depth - Defines the depth of the transition feature. The Depth box displays for rectangular and flat oval features. Values stored in the reference data determine the list of options. Also, you can enter an amount for the depth but the amount must be less than or equal to the width. Radius - Defines the corner radius of the feature. The Radius box displays only for rectangular transitions. Values stored in the reference data determine the list of options. Also, you can enter an amount for the radius. Diameter - Defines the diameter for a circular transition feature. Orientation - Defines the orientation of the duct run by specifying the angle between the local axis of the duct run and the width axis. A value of 0 results in a duct run with the width horizontal and the depth vertical. A value of 90 degrees results in the width vertical and the depth horizontal. The value for an angle ranges from 0 to 360 degrees. Align - Defines the transition alignment. Options include Align Centerline, Align Top Left, Align Top Right, Align Bottom Right, Align Bottom Left, Align Top Center, Align Right Center, Align Bottom Center, Align Left Center, and Not Aligned. Length - Defines the length of the transition. Throat Radius - Defines the radius of the transition throat. The Throat Radius box displays only if the Type option is set to Turn. Lock - Turns on or off the lock for the angle constraint. The icons show the status of the lock (on or off).
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Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview Angle - Defines the angle of the turn transition and is available for turn and miter turn transitions. Miters - Defines the number of miters for the miter turn transition feature. The number of miters returns to the default value whenever you modify the angle, either directly or indirectly. The value can range from 1 to 99. Related Topics Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 78 Insert a Transition Feature, page 40 Insert Transition Command, page 38
Insert a Transition Feature

1. Click Insert Transition on the vertical toolbar. 2. Set the transition start point by selecting an end feature or nozzle connection port. Tips If you select an end feature or nozzle before clicking Insert Transition, the software inserts the transition at that point. 3. Set the transition offset point.
Tip This action determines the position of the offset cross section of the transition feature. 4. If necessary, change the other options for the transition.
Choose a Working Plane, page 33 Modify a Feature, page 60 Notes
If you insert a transition during the routing of a duct run, clicking Finish returns the software to routing the duct at the end of the transition feature. A transition feature represents a change in the cross section of the duct run. Click Properties on the horizontal ribbon to set the properties of the transition feature. You can complete this step at any time during the procedure. Modify Transition Properties, page 90
Related Topics Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview, page 34
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Insert In-line Component Command

Places components that the software cannot place automatically during routing. When inserting components, the software automatically splits the duct and adds the necessary transitions. Note
The Insert In-line Component command cannot place hoods, terminal boxes or plenums, which are enclosures or chambers that contain gas at a higher pressure than the surrounding atmosphere. You can place these components as equipment in the Furnishings and Equipment task.
Related Topics Insert a Split, page 37
Insert In-line Component Ribbon

Specifies the options for placing an In-line component in the design. Properties - Opens the Insert Component Properties dialog box. You can use this dialog box to define properties of the component after you select a feature and specify a part. For more information, see Insert Component Properties Dialog Box, page 82. Select Straight or End Feature - Select the duct, duct end, component port, or nozzle for the component that you are placing. Part - Defines the component to insert from the catalog. The list includes the last ten names of component parts that you have placed. The More option opens the Select Part dialog box for browsing the catalog for the correct part. Enter Insertion Point - Positions the component that you are placing along the duct that you selected. You can use the Tools > PinPoint and Tools > Point Along commands to define the precise location of the component on the duct run. Finish - Places the component in the duct run. Run - Defines the name of the duct run with the component that you placed. The selection list includes:
Duct runs assigned to the parent system of the end feature or straight feature that you selected More to allow you to browse the catalog for a different duct run New Duct Run to open the New Duct Run dialog box
HVAC Users Guide 41
New/Continue Run to use the duct run of the end feature or straight feature that you selected
Name - Defines the occurrence name of the component that you are placing. The name can have a maximum of 64 characters. Name Rule - Specifies the name rule to use for the duct or User Defined if you typed a value in the Name box. Flip - Changes the component port that is connected to the selected port. Reference position - Defines the insertion point of the component by a particular port or by its origin. Rotate - Rotates the component about the duct interactively around the feature axis. Angle - Defines the angle for rotating the component about the duct. Related Topics Insert Component Properties Dialog Box, page 82 Insert In-line Component, page 43 Select Part Dialog Box, page 42
Select Part Dialog Box

Allows you to access the HVAC parts node and browse the Catalog for the part that you want to assign to the component. The Select Part dialog box opens after you click More in the Part box in the ribbon after selecting a straight feature, end feature, nozzle, or component port while placing an inline component. Related Topics Insert In-line Component Command, page 41
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Insert In-line Component

1. Click Insert In-line Component on the vertical toolbar. 2. Select a straight feature, end feature, branch, turn, nozzle, or component port at the location to place the inline component. 3. Select a part in the Part box, or select More to browse the catalog for the part. 4. On the Select Part dialog box, click the part to place. 5. After you select an inline component, click OK on the Select Part dialog box. 6. Click the location to place the inline component. Tip When you select an end feature, the component appears automatically at the end feature point, and you can omit the following step. 7. Click Reference Position to select the component or origin to insert along the duct run.
8. Use the Flip and Rotate buttons to align the component precisely. 9. Check the value in the Angle box, and complete any needed adjustments. Tip
The Angle box reflects the absolute oriented value.
Notes
Click Properties on the horizontal ribbon to set the properties of the component. You can complete this step at any time during this procedure. Modify Component Properties, page 85
The Insert In-line Component command does not place hoods, terminal boxes or plenums, which are enclosures or chambers that contain gas at a higher pressure than the surrounding atmosphere. You can place these components as equipment in the Equipment and Furnishings task. After you have added an inline component, select the component to change the type of inline component. You can change the duct run, selected component, and feature properties, like flip and rotation angle. Also, you can change the component position by moving along its path leg.
Related Topics Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview, page 34 Insert a Surface-Mounted Component, page 45
HVAC Users Guide 43
Insert Surface Mount Component Command

Places a surface-mounted component at the location and rotation that you specify. This type of component attaches to the duct wall. Related Topics Insert a Surface-Mounted Component, page 45
Insert Surface Mount Component Ribbon

Places a component on the surface of a duct in the design. Properties - Opens the Insert Surface Mount Component Properties dialog box. You can use this dialog box to define specifications of the surface-mounted component after you select a feature and specify a part. For more information, see Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box, page 83. Select Feature - Allows you to select the straight feature or turn for the surfacemounted component that you are placing. Component Part - Defines the surface-mounted component to insert from the catalog. The list includes the last 10 names of surface-mounted component parts that you have placed. The More option opens the Select Part dialog box for browsing the catalog for the correct part. Enter Insertion Point - Positions the surface-mounted component that you are placing along the duct that you selected. You can use the Tools > PinPoint and Tools > Point Along commands to define the precise location of the surface-mounted component on the duct run. Finish - Places the surface-mounted component in the duct run. Reference position - Defines the insertion point of the surface-mounted component by a particular port or by its definition origin. If you have not selected a component, the only available option is Origin. Mount - Defines a reference point on the duct surface for defining the position of the surface-mounted component. A palette menu provides the following options: top surface, left side; top surface, center; top surface, right side; bottom surface, left side; bottom surface, center; bottom surface, right side; left surface, top side; left surface, center; left surface, bottom side; right surface, top side; right surface, center; and right surface, bottom side. For round and flat oval cross sections, the corner (left/right/top/bottom side) references are mapped to the curved portion of the cross section shape at a point 45 degrees from the start or end of the cross section curve. 44 HVAC Users Guide
Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview Offset - Defines the offset distance of the mount point for the surface-mounted component from the mounting reference. Name - Defines the occurrence name of the surface-mounted component that you are placing. Rotate - Rotates the surface-mounted component about the duct interactively around the feature axis. Angle - Defines an angle for rotating the surface-mounted component about the duct. Related Topics Insert a Surface-Mounted Component, page 45 Insert Surface Mount Component Command, page 44 Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box, page 83
Insert a Surface-Mounted Component

1. Click Insert Surface Mount Component on the vertical toolbar. 2. Select the duct on which to insert the surface-mounted component. Tip When you select a feature before clicking Insert Surface Mount Component, the component appears on the selected feature and you can skip this step. 3. Select a surface-mounted component from the Component part list, or choose More to browse the catalog for the part that you need.
4. Set the other options on the ribbon bar to meet your needs. 5. Select the location on the duct for the surface-mounted component. Notes
Click Properties on the horizontal ribbon to set the properties of the surface-mounted component. You can complete this step at any time during this procedure. Modify Component Properties, page 85
You can enter precise values for the component location using the Reference position and Offset boxes. You can change the orientation of the component by clicking Rotate changing the value in the Angle box on the horizontal ribbon. The Reference position box defines the reference location within the component definition for location at the coordinate position that you specify. or
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If you select the origin as the component reference position, the default orientation of the surface-mounted component on the duct surface can vary. Possibilities are the xy-plane of the component definition aligned parallel and tangent to the duct surface at the point of attachment, positive x-axis of the component definition aligned parallel to the duct path, or positive z-axis of the component definition aligned perpendicular to the duct surface but pointing away from the duct.
Related Topics Adding Features to a Duct Run: An Overview, page 34 Insert a Transition Feature, page 40
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Moving Features: An Overview
Moving Features: An Overview

After you complete a duct run, you can move the features of that run. By moving the features, you can alter the route of the duct, connection points, or component placement. Using this ability to move features of your duct runs, you can precisely locate each feature in the layout of your HVAC systems. The various types of features that you can move in this method include: Straight Features The straight feature and other connected route features move subject to the following rules:
Moving the straight feature moves the entire leg to which the feature is connected. The move direction is always perpendicular to the axis of the straight feature. The end of an adjacent leg not in the plane of motion is modified to connect to the new position of the moved leg. A branch feature connected to the moved leg maintains its original angle. Movement stops when parts on the associated leg overlap, or when they overlap with adjacent parts on connected legs. When equipment moves, the leg moves with the equipment nozzle to remain collinear with the nozzle as much as possible.
Turn Features The turn feature and other connected route features move subject to the following rules:
If the branch and header are in the motion plane, the along leg featurebranch parent function and the branch feature move along the branch leg. If the branch and header are not in the motion plane, the end of the branch leg, the along leg feature-branch parent function, and branch feature move to keep the branch angle constant. Along leg features that are not branches maintain a position at a constant distance from the fixed end of the leg. If you move a turn to a position where two adjacent legs are collinear (that is, the turn reaches 180 degrees), the software deletes the turn. The turn stops moving when it starts to overlap with an adjacent along leg feature.
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Moving Features: An Overview End Features The end feature and other connected route features move subject to the following rules:
Moving the end feature edits the end feature and the length of the straight feature on its leg. Moving the end feature edits the topology, or layout of the surface, of the turn feature or the branch feature if connected to another leg. The default motion plane is the connected turn feature or along leg feature with branch parent function. You cannot move an end feature connected to a nozzle. You must end the move when the end feature touches a nozzle or free port of the base part of a feature other than a straight feature (when the straight feature length is reduced to zero). You cannot move branch features. You can move the branch parent feature only.
Branch Features
Branch Parent or Run Change Features The branch parent or run change feature and other connected route features move subject to the following rules:
You can move the branch parent feature or run change feature along the associated straight feature. As you move the branch parent feature, the angle between the branch parent feature or run change feature and the branch leg appears in a dynamic readout. The angle is not applicable for run change features. The size of the run change header connections is determined by the size of the connected straight feature, and therefore you cannot change the size independently.
You can move features only after you finish routing a duct run and placing components. Edit commands are not available until you complete routing or placement. Related Topics Modify a Feature, page 60 Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50
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Copying and Pasting Features: An Overview
Copying and Pasting Features: An Overview

The processing for copying and pasting features for the HVAC and Electrical tasks works the same way as the Piping task. You can paste or place objects along a straight feature, at end features, component ports, and equipment ports. Duct, cableway, and conduit objects also are available to copy and paste. The main restriction that exists among the routings tasks concerns activity within the same task. For example, you can only paste a conduit object within a conduit run. Similarly for HVAC and Electrical, you only can paste duct objects within a duct run, or cableway objects within a cableway. When you copy an object, you can paste it into an existing run. The data associated with the specification, cross section, and dimensions does not change. The software inserts transition features or mating objects to resolve differences in the composition of the model. When you copy cross section shape and size, the software maintains the same dimension as the original section. The software inserts transitions for cableway and duct runs, and inserts reducers for conduit to compensate for different shapes or sizes. The following graphic demonstrates the processing during pasting a copied object:
A - Original duct run B - Transition that the software inserted at connection C - Duct that you copied and pasted Related Topics Modify a Feature, page 60
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Modifying Features: An Overview

The Edit Properties command in the HVAC task provides a method to review certain properties of the selected feature and a mechanism for changing the properties of the feature as well. Using the New Duct Run dialog box, you can change the individual features that comprise your HVAC system specifically. By changing the specification control, you can customize any part of the HVAC system that you design. After you place features, the New Duct Run dialog box also shows the relationships between the selected feature and other parts and branches of the associated duct run, providing you with a clear picture of the effect of changes to the run as a whole. The Edit Properties command also permits you to change the specification, type, and dimensions for features. This method allows you to customize the feature properties, associate the feature properties with the specifications of a duct run, or choose the exact part that you need from the catalog. The material and material thickness are properties of the duct run. If you modify either of these properties so that the material or material thickness is different between connected features, the software automatically creates a new part at that location. If you change the parts so that the material and material thickness is the same for both parts, the software converts the two parts into a single part. If you change the shape of a cross section, the software calculates the cross section size based on the HVAC Equal Friction calculations. The exact sizes are calculated for the new cross section based on maintaining an equivalent friction loss in the duct. The software will take the ideal calculated value and round it to the nearest available size for the current specification. The software tracks this rounding as a function for the Undo command. If you want the exact calculated value, click Undo. You can edit the properties of a feature at any time after routing the duct run in various ways:
Selecting the feature that you need to modify, and then selecting Properties on the horizontal ribbon Clicking Edit > Properties from the menu
Related Topics Modify a Feature, page 60
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Edit Straight Feature Ribbon

Reviews and modifies straight features. Properties - Opens a dialog box with properties for the selected feature. Allows you to review the properties of the selected feature and change the value assigned to a property. Move From - Defines the origin of the move vector. If you do not define a starting point, the current location of the straight feature is assumed to be the starting point. Move To - Defines the termination point of the move vector. Plane
Run - Defines the name of the duct run associated with the straight feature. Shape - Defines the shape of the duct. The shape you select determines the other controls that display on the ribbon. Rectangle Width - Defines the width of the feature. Depth - Defines the depth of the feature. Radius - Defines the corner radius of a rectangular duct. Round Diameter - Defines the diameter of the feature.
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Modifying Features: An Overview Flat Oval Width - Defines the width of the feature. Depth - Defines the depth of the feature. Orientation - Defines the orientation of the straight feature. A value of 0 results in a straight feature with the width horizontal and the depth vertical. A value of 90 degrees results in the width vertical and the depth horizontal. The value for an angles ranges from 0 to 360 degrees. Length Lock - Turns on or off locking for the length of the leg. If the length is locked, then you cannot change the length value. Offset - Defines the distance for offset that the software uses during feature placement. The reference is centerline, width, or depth). The route plane does not have to be active to locate the offset from the plane point. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
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Edit Turn Feature Ribbon

Reviews and modifies turn features or components. Properties - Opens a dialog box with properties for the selected feature. Allows you to review the properties of the selected feature and change the value assigned to a property. Move From - Defines the origin of the move vector. If you do not define a starting point, the current location of the turn is assumed to be the starting point. Move To - Defines the termination point of the move vector. Plane
Run - Defines the name of the duct run associated with the turn. Type - Defines the type of the turn feature. The type that you select determines the other controls that display on the ribbon. Lock - Turns on or off locking for the angle. If the angle is locked, then you cannot change the value. There are Lock buttons for Angle2 and Angle3, but not for Angle1. Angle1 - Defines the angle of the selected turn feature. Angle2 / Angle3 - Defines the angle of the turn or branch feature located at the end of associated leg. Miters - Defines the number of miters for the turn feature.
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Modifying Features: An Overview Offset - Defines the distance for offset that the software uses during feature placement. The reference is centerline, width, or depth). The route plane does not have to be active to locate the offset from the plane point. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
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Edit End Feature Ribbon

Reviews and modifies end features or components. Properties - Opens a dialog box with properties for the selected feature. Allows you to review the properties of the selected feature and change the value assigned to a property. Move From - Defines the origin of the move vector. If you do not define a starting point, the current location of the end feature is assumed to be the starting point. Move To - Defines the termination point of the move vector. Plane
Run - Defines the name of the duct run associated with the branch. Part - Defines the part assigned to the end feature. Lock - Turns on or off locking for the angle. If the angle is locked, the angle at the other end of the leg is fixed at the value in the Angle field. Angle - Defines the angle of the end feature. Length Lock - Locks or unlocks the Length box. Length - Defines the length for the end feature. You can enter any value needed, provided it does not conflict with the defined specifications. If the Length Lock is unlocked, this box displays the dynamic readout of the current end feature length.
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Modifying Features: An Overview Offset - Defines the distance for offset that the software uses during feature placement. The reference is centerline, width, or depth). The route plane does not have to be active to locate the offset from the plane point. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
Edit Split Feature Ribbon

Reviews and modifies end features or components. Properties - Opens a dialog box with properties for the selected feature. Allows you to review the properties of the selected feature and change the value assigned to a property. Move From - Defines the origin of the move vector. If you do not define a starting point, the current location of the split is assumed to be the starting point. Move To - Defines the termination point of the move vector. Type - Defines the part assigned to the end feature. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
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Edit Transition Feature Ribbon

Reviews and modifies transition features. Properties - Opens a dialog box with properties for the selected feature. Allows you to review the properties of the selected feature and change the value assigned to a property. Move From - Defines the origin of the move vector. If you do not define a starting point, the current location of the transition is assumed to be the starting point. Move To - Defines the termination point of the move vector. End - Defines which end of the transition you are modifying. Plane
Type - Defines the transition type for the active end. Shape - Defines the shape of the transition end. The shape you select determines the other controls that display on the ribbon. Rectangle Width - Defines the width of the feature. Depth - Defines the depth of the feature. Radius - Defines the corner radius of a rectangular duct.
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Modifying Features: An Overview Round Diameter - Defines the diameter of the feature. Flat Oval Width - Defines the width of the feature. Depth - Defines the depth of the feature. Orientation - Defines the orientation of the transition end. A value of 0 results in a transition end with the width horizontal and the depth vertical. A value of 90 degrees results in the width vertical and the depth horizontal. The value for an angles ranges from 0 to 360 degrees. Align - Defines the transition alignment. Options include Align Centerline, Align Top Left, Align Top Right, Align Bottom Right, Align Bottom Left, Align Top Center, Align Right Center, Align Bottom Center, Align Left Center, and Not Aligned. Length - Defines the length of the transition end. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
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Edit In-Line Component Ribbon

Reviews and modifies in-line components. Properties - Opens a dialog box with properties for the selected feature. Allows you to review the properties of the selected feature and change the value assigned to a property. Move From - Defines the origin of the move vector. If you do not define a starting point, the current location of the in-line component is assumed to be the starting point. Move To - Defines the termination point of the move vector. Part - Defines the part assigned to the in-line component. Name - Defines the occurrence name of the component that you are placing. Flip - Changes the component port that is connected to the selected port. If you are modifying a tee, or other tee-type branch into a length of duct or between two other components, only the inline ports of the component are available. However, if you insert the same component at the end of a duct or at a nozzle, all component ports are available. Rotate - Rotates the component about the duct interactively around the feature axis. Angle - Defines the angle for rotating the component about the duct. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
Edit Surface Mounted Component Ribbon

Reviews and modifies surface mounted components. Name - Defines the occurrence name of the component. System - Defines the system to which the surface mounted component is assigned. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
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Modify a Feature
1. Select the feature to change. 2. Click Properties on the horizontal ribbon. and Move To on the 3. Change the properties to meet your needs. 4. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
Modify a Straight Feature

1. Click Select . 2. Select Duct Features in the Locate Filter list. 3. Identify the straight feature to change. You can select the feature in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. 4. Using the options on the ribbon, change the feature to meet your needs. 5. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47 and Move To on the
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Modify a Turn Feature

1. Click Select . 2. Select Duct Features in the Locate Filter list. 3. Identify the turn feature to change. You can select the feature in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. 4. Using the options on the ribbon, change the feature to meet your needs. 5. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Notes
and Move To
on the
An administrator can edit the reference data to add values to display as options in lists on the ribbon. If you modify a feature with vanes, the software automatically recalculates the vane length, part weight, and part center of gravity. Properties for turning vanes and branch vanes in turn features and branch features appear on orthographic drawings but are not needed for the model. The property names are Number of Vanes and Vane Length, and you need to enter the values for these properties. The vane material, vane thickness, and vane width are the same as the parent feature.
Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47
Modify an End Feature

1. Click Select . 2. Select Duct Features in the Locate Filter list. 3. Identify the end feature to change. You can select the feature in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. 4. Using the options on the ribbon, change the feature to meet your needs. 5. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Note
and Move To
on the
You can type a value in the Angle box only if the specification is set for continuous angle type.
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Modify a Branch Feature

1. Click Select . 2. Select Duct Features in the Locate Filter list. 3. Identify the branch feature to change. You can select the feature in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. 4. Using the options on the ribbon, change the feature to meet your needs. 5. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Notes
and Move To
on the
If you modify a feature with vanes, the software automatically recalculates the vane length, part weight, and part center of gravity. Properties for turning vanes and branch vanes in turn features and branch features appear on orthographic drawings but are not needed for the model. The property names are Number of Vanes and Vane Length, and you need to enter the values for these properties. The vane material, vane thickness, and vane width are the same as the parent feature.
Modify a Transition Feature

1. Click Select . 2. Select Features in the Locate Filter list. 3. Identify the transition feature to change. You can select the feature in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. 4. Using the options on the ribbon, change the feature to meet your needs. 5. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47 and Move To on the
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Modify a Split Feature

1. Click Select . 2. Select Duct Features in the Locate Filter list. 3. Identify the split feature to change. You can select the feature in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. 4. Using the options on the ribbon, change the feature to meet your needs. 5. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47 and Move To on the
Modify an Inline Component Feature

1. Click Select . 2. Select Duct Features in the Locate Filter list. 3. Identify the inline feature to change. You can select the feature in a graphic view or in the Workspace Explorer. 4. Using the options on the ribbon, change the feature to meet your needs. 5. If you need to reposition the feature, use Move From horizontal ribbon. Related Topics Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 Moving Features: An Overview, page 47 and Move To on the
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Delete a Feature
1. Click Select . 2. Select a filter for the feature to delete in the Locate Filter box. 3. Select the feature to delete. For example, you can delete a duct run, straight features, turn features, transition features, branch features, surface-mounted components, as well as split, component, and along leg branch features. 4. Click Delete. Notes
The software deletes the associated duct parts and connections when you delete a feature. Because a duct route is a connected system, the software preserves connections and points that you entered for the route. For example, when you delete a split feature, branch feature or inline component that connects two straight features, the software automatically closes the gap to form only one straight feature. This action requires that the two straight features have the same specification. If you delete a turn feature, the software extends connected straight features to the turn point.
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Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview

The Properties dialog boxes in the HVAC task provides designers with the precise level of control and detail necessary to create a complex HVAC system. Through manipulation of various part specifications, you can design a system that matches your ducting needs exactly by choosing sizes, materials, and thickness to guarantee a perfect fit to your vision. Using these capabilities provides for a higher level of customization than is possible if you simply choose parts from a catalog. By specifying properties that each part of the system must possess, you receive a much more exact match with the original design. The Properties dialog boxes put you in total control of the design process, down to the smallest detail of your system. For surface-mounted components, you can open the Properties dialog box by clicking Edit > Properties on the menu. Also, during any of the procedures on the horizontal ribbon associated with the HVAC task, you can click Properties to open the Properties dialog box. You can change the properties of an HVAC feature at any time during or after the routing process. Note For routing tasks, you should apply style rules to parts - not to runs or features. During processing by the software, parts of a run correspond most closely to stock parts. Therefore, for the filter for the run, you need to select Duct Runs, instead of Duct Parts for the basis object. Rules for HVAC components and instruments require several object types. Related Topics Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88
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Common Property Tabs: An Overview

The software displays some common property tabs on the properties dialog boxes for all piping objects. Instead of repeatedly listing the common tabs with each piping object property dialog box, they are documented here for easy reference. Configuration Tab, page 66 Cross Section Tab, page 67 Definition Tab, page 68 Notes Tab, page 68 Occurrence Tab, page 69 Relationship Tab, page 69
Configuration Tab
Displays the creation, modification, and status information about an object. Plant - Displays the name of the plant. You cannot change this value. Permission Group - Specifies the permission group to which the object belongs. You can select another permission group, if needed. Permission groups are created in the Project Management task. Transfer - Re-assigns ownership of the selected model objects from their current permission group to another satellite or host permission group. This button is only available if the active model/project is replicated in a workshare configuration. The button is not available if all of the objects in the select set already belong to another location and are non-transferable. Status - Specifies the current status of the selected object or filter. Depending on your access level, you may not be able to change the status of the object. Created - Displays the date and time that the object was created. Created by - Displays the user name of the person who created the object. Modified - Displays the date and time when the object was modified. Modified by - Displays the user name of the person who modified the object.
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Cross Section Tab

Displays the size and view perspective parameters for the cross section. The options available on this tab depend upon the type of feature (such as turn, straight, or transition) that you have selected and the cross section type (such as rectangle or round). Calculator button - Displays the Flow Calculator dialog box. For more information, see Flow Calculator Dialog Box, page 93. Position - Indicates whether the properties are for the start of the transition, or the end of the transition. Cross Section - Defines the shape of the cross section for the feature. You can select from rectangular, round, and flat oval. Width - Defines the width dimension of the cross section. You can enter only values that are greater than or equal to the depth value, if defined. The values stored in the reference data determine the list of options. The list displays only the values that are valid for the current depth. If the depth is not defined (for example, the Depth box is blank), the width size is based on the default width ratio. Depth - Defines the depth of the cross section. You can enter only values that are greater than or equal to the width value, if defined. The values stored in the reference data determine the list of options. The list displays only the values that are valid for the current width. If the width is not defined (for example, the Width box is blank), the depth size is based on the default width ratio. Diameter - Defines the diameter of the cross section for the feature. The values stored in the reference data determine the list of options. You can also enter a value that is not on the list. Corner Radius - Determines the radius of the cross section and is available for rectangular shapes. Orientation Angle - Defines the orientation of the duct run by specifying the angle between the local axis of the feature and the width axis. A value of 0 results in a feature with the width horizontal and the depth vertical. A value of 90 degrees results in the width vertical and the depth horizontal. The value for an angle ranges from 0 to 360 degrees. Number of Vanes - Defines the number of vanes in the turn feature. Vane Length - Defines the length of the turning vanes. Related Topics Duct Properties Dialog Box, page 71 Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 77
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Definition Tab
Displays information about the specific component. For more information about components defined in the reference data, see the HVAC Reference Data Guide available from Help > Printable Guides. Related Topics Duct Component Properties Dialog Box, page 81 Duct Part Properties Dialog Box, page 71
Notes Tab
Creates and edits user-definable text placed by the designer on an object in the model. The notes provide special instructions related to the object for the fabricator and are available in downstream tasks. For example, the notes appear in two-dimensional drawings and within design review sessions. Note
Only one note of a given kind from a given object can be shown on a drawing. For example, if there are two fabrication notes on a piping part, only one of the notes will show on the drawing. It is important to know about and consider this situation when defining notes on an object in the modeling phase. For example, you can display one Fabrication note and one Installation note by defining two separate labels for the two kinds of notes.
Key point - Specifies the key point on the object to which you want to add a note. Notes at this location, listed by name - Lists all notes for the selected key point on the object. Date - Displays the date the note was created. The system automatically supplies the date. Time - Displays the time the note was created. The system automatically supplies the time. Purpose of note - Specifies the purpose of the note. Author - Displays the logon name of the person who created the note. The system automatically supplies this information. You cannot change this information. Note text - Defines the note text. The software does not limit the length of the note text. New Note - Creates a new note on the object.
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Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview Standard Note - Displays a list of standard notes from which you can select. This feature is not available in this version. Highlight Note - Highlights the note in the graphic view so you can easily find the note and the object to which it is related. This feature is not available in this version. Delete Note - Deletes the currently displayed note.
Occurrence Tab
Displays instance-specific information about the object. For more information about occurrences defined in the reference data, see the HVAC Reference Data Guide available from Help > Printable Guides. Preview - Displays a preview of the object. Name - Displays the occurrence name of the object. Modeled Length - Displays the length of the object in the model. This property is not displayed for all occurrences. Related Topics Duct Component Properties Dialog Box, page 81 Duct Part Properties Dialog Box, page 71
Relationship Tab
Displays all objects related to the object for which you are viewing properties. For example, if you are viewing the properties of a pipe run, the related pipeline, features, parts, associated control points, hangers or supports, and equipment display on this tab. All WBS assignments, including project relationships, appear on this tab. Name - Displays the name of the related object. Type - Displays the type of related object. Go To - Displays the properties of the selected object.
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Duct Run Properties Dialog Box

Specifies properties for the duct run. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 General Tab (Duct Run Properties Dialog Box), page 70 Notes Tab, page 68 Relationship Tab, page 69 Route Duct Ribbon, page 19
General Tab (Duct Run Properties Dialog Box)

Specifies general property values for duct runs. System - Defines the system to which the duct run belongs. Name - Defines the name assigned to the duct run. Name Rule - Specifies the name rule to use for the duct. Specification - Defines the specification assigned to the duct run. Max. Recommended Velocity - Defines the maximum air flow velocity for the duct run. Max. Recommended Pressure Loss - Defines the maximum pressure loss recommended for the duct run. Material - Defines the material assigned to the duct run. Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct run material. Insulation Material - Defines the material assigned to the duct run insulation. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct run insulation material. Related Topics Duct Run Properties Dialog Box, page 70 Modify Duct Run Properties, page 88
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Duct Part Properties Dialog Box

Reviews or changes the details for the duct part. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 Definition Tab, page 68 Notes Tab, page 68 Occurrence Tab, page 69 Relationship Tab, page 69
Duct Properties Dialog Box

Reviews or changes the details for the duct part. Related Topics Cross Section Tab, page 67 Defaults Tab (Duct Properties Dialog Box), page 72 General Tab (Duct Properties Dialog Box), page 71 Route Duct Ribbon, page 19
General Tab (Duct Properties Dialog Box)

Sets options for the duct. System - Defines the system to which the duct belongs. Name - Defines the name assigned to the duct. Name Rule - Specifies the name rule to use for the duct. Specification - Defines the specification assigned to the duct. Max. Recommended Velocity - Defines the maximum air velocity for the duct. Max. Recommended Pressure Loss - Defines the maximum pressure loss for the duct. Material - Defines the material assigned to the duct. Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct material. Insulation Material - Defines the material assigned to the duct insulation. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct insulation material. HVAC Users Guide 71
Defaults Tab (Duct Properties Dialog Box)

To display the Defaults tab, select a duct in your drawing, right-click, and select Properties. The Duct Properties dialog box displays. Click the Defaults tab to view the available properties. Transition Angle - Defines the default transition angle used to calculate transition length. Enter a value in the current angle measurement. The software uses this value to calculate transition length by using the following formula: L = (W1 - W2) / tan x (where x is equal to this transition wall angle that you define) Editing the transition angle does not affect any transitions that you placed previously. To modify the transition angle for existing transitions, use the Edit Properties page for the transition objects. The default transition length is 15 degrees. Bend Radius Multiplier - Defines the turn radius that the software will use for turns while routing as a multiplier function of the duct dimension in the plane of the turn. The dimension used is the diameter for round cross section, the width dimension, or the depth dimension, depending upon the plane of the turn. If you change the bend radius multiplier, the software automatically changes the throat radius value. The list displays the last five values in numeric order. If this is the first time in the session file, the Bend Radius Multiplier is the default from the active specification. Throat Radius - Defines the throat radius dimension for the turn feature. If you change the throat radius, the software automatically updates the bend radius multiplier. The list displays the last ten radii used. Minimum Straight Length - Defines the shortest allowed length of a straight feature that extends outside a coupling. Turn Type - Defines the type of turn and its radius. Branch Type - Defines the type of branch that you use when you are routing duct. Depth/Width Ratio(Rect) - Displays the depth and width ratio for rectangular ducts. Depth/Width Ratio(Flat Oval) - Displays the depth and width ratio for flat oval ducts. Radius - Specifies the radius of the turn. Number of Miters (0-30) - Specifies the number of miters for a turn of 0-30 degrees. You can specify a new number of miters for the angle if needed. Number of Miters (30-60) - Specifies the number of miters for a turn of 30-60 degrees. You can specify a new number of miters for the angle if needed.
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Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview Number of Miters (60-90) - Specifies the number of miters for a turn of 60-90 degrees. You can specify a new number of miters for the angle if needed. Branch Vanes - Defines the number of vanes in a branch. Turning Vanes - Defines the number of vanes in a turn. Vane Length - Defines the length of vanes. Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Duct Properties Dialog Box, page 71
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Duct Along Leg Feature Properties Dialog Box

Displays properties for along leg features for review and editing. A leg is a section of a duct path that starts and ends at an end, turn or offset turn, or branch feature. Along leg features include takedown joints and components. If the branch and header are in the motion plane, the along leg feature-branch parent function and the branch feature move along the branch leg. If the branch and header are not in the motion plane, the end of the branch leg, the along leg feature-branch parent function, and branch function move to keep the branch angle constant. Along leg features that are not branches maintain a position at a constant distance from the fixed end of the leg. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 General Tab (Duct Along Leg Feature Properties Dialog Box), page 74 Relationship Tab, page 69
General Tab (Duct Along Leg Feature Properties Dialog Box)

Creates or modifies property values or displays status information about an object. The properties that display depend on the reference data defined for the object. See the HVAC Reference Data Guide available from Help > Printable Guides for more information. Duct Run - Defines the run to which the feature belongs. Material - Defines the material of the duct run. Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct material. Insulation Material - Defines the insulation material. The list contains the last five insulation materials. If you set this field to Not Insulated, the Insulation Thickness field is disabled. If you set this field to Use Run Material, the along leg feature inherits the insulation material from the duct run. Insulation Thickness - Displays the thickness of the insulation material. Number of Vanes - Defines the number of vanes used for branches during routing. To add the weight and center of gravity of the branches vanes in the branches feature calculations, assign the values for the duct material and thickness of the branches feature as the values for the vane material and thickness equals (that is, these values are equal). The range of values for Number of Vanes includes non-negative integers. Vane Length - Defines the length of the specified vanes.
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Duct End Feature Properties Dialog Box

Reviews or changes general, configuration, and part properties for the end feature in the duct run. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 General Tab (Duct End Feature Properties Dialog Box), page 75 Relationship Tab, page 69
General Tab (Duct End Feature Properties Dialog Box)

Allows you to set options for adding an end feature into a duct run. Duct Run - Defines the duct run to which the end feature belongs. Material - Defines the material for the end feature. Thickness - Defines the material thickness for the end feature. Insulation Material - Defines the insulation material. The list contains the last five insulation materials. If you set this field to Not Insulated, the Insulation Thickness field is disabled. If you set this field to Use Run Material, the end feature inherits the insulation material from the duct run. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness measurement for the insulation material that has been selected. Part - Defines the part assigned to the end feature. Related Topics Duct End Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 75 Modify an End Feature, page 61
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Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box

Reviews or changes properties for the split feature in the duct run. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 General Tab (Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box), page 76 Insert Split Ribbon, page 36 Relationship Tab, page 69
General Tab (Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box)

Sets the general properties of the split. Duct Run - Defines the name of the duct run. Insulation Material - Defines the insulation material. The list contains the last five insulation materials. If you set this field to Not Insulated, the Insulation Thickness field is disabled. If you set this field to Use Run Material, the split feature inherits the insulation material from the duct run. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness of the insulation material. This field is not available if you do not have an insulation material defined, or if the insulation material is inherited from the duct run. The list contains the insulation thickness values for the insulation material from the duct specification. If you set this field to Use Run Thickness, the insulation thickness is inherited from the duct run. Type - Specifies the type of split. Width Slope - States the slope angle to the width axis. Width Slope is displayed only if you select a reference data type that supports slope. Values range from -89 to 89. Depth Slope - States the slope angle to the depth axis. Depth Slope is displayed only if you select a reference data type that supports slope. Values range from -89 to 89. Related Topics Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 76 Modify Split Properties, page 89
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Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box

Reviews or changes general, configuration, and cross-sectional properties for a straight feature in a duct run. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 Cross Section Tab, page 67 General Tab (Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box), page 77 Relationship Tab, page 69
General Tab (Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box)

Allows you to set options for adding a straight feature into a duct run. Duct Run - Defines the duct run to which the straight feature belongs. Material - Defines the material of which the straight feature is constructed. Thickness - Defines the thickness of the duct material. Insulation Material - Defines the insulation material. The list contains the last five insulation materials. If you set this field to Not Insulated, the Insulation Thickness field is disabled. If you set this field to Use Run Material, the straight feature inherits the insulation material from the duct run. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness measurement for the insulation material that has been selected. Length - Defines the length for the straight feature (for example, 1 ft. 1.06 in.). Related Topics Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 77 Modify a Straight Feature, page 60
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Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box

Allows you to review or change details that relate to general, configuration, cross section, and relationship properties for the transition feature in the duct run. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 Cross Section Tab, page 67 General Tab (Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box), page 78 Insert Transition Ribbon, page 38 Relationship Tab, page 69
General Tab (Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box)

Displays while working with the Route Duct command to create or modify property values or learn status information about a duct run. Duct Run - Defines the duct run to which the transition is assigned. Material - Defines the material from which the transition is manufactured. Thickness - Defines the thickness of the transition material. Insulation Material - Defines the insulation material. The list contains the last five insulation materials. If you set this field to Not Insulated, the Insulation Thickness field is disabled. If you set this field to Use Run Material, the transition feature inherits the insulation material from the duct run. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness of the insulation material. Type - Defines the type of transition. Length - Defines the length of the transition. Related Topics Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 78 Modify Transition Properties, page 90
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Duct Turn Feature Properties Dialog Box

Reviews or changes general, configuration, cross-sectional, and part properties for the turn feature in the duct run. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 Cross Section Tab, page 67 General Tab (Duct Turn Feature Properties Dialog Box), page 79 Relationship Tab, page 69
General Tab (Duct Turn Feature Properties Dialog Box)

Sets options for adding a turn feature into a duct run. Duct Run - Defines the duct run into which you are inserting the turn feature. Material - Specifies the material from which the duct turn feature is manufactured. Thickness - Specifies the thickness of the duct turn feature material. Insulation Material - Defines the insulation material. The list contains the last five insulation materials. If you set this field to Not Insulated, the Insulation Thickness field is disabled. If you set this field to Use Run Material, the turn feature inherits the insulation material from the duct run. Insulation Thickness - Defines the thickness measurement for the insulation material that has been selected. Type - Defines the type for the turn feature. The list displays the turns allowed for the current specification. Throat Radius - Defines the throat radius dimension for the turn feature. If you change the throat radius, the software automatically updates the bend radius multiplier. The list displays the last ten radii used. Bend Radius Multiplier - Defines the turn radius that the software will use for turns while routing as a multiplier function of the duct dimension in the plane of the turn. The dimension used is the diameter for round cross section, the width dimension, or the depth dimension, depending upon the plane of the turn. If you change the bend radius multiplier, the software automatically changes the throat radius value. The list displays the last five values in numeric order. If this is the first time in the session file, the Bend Radius Multiplier is the default from the active specification. Angle - Displays the angle of the turn. You cannot change the angle.
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Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview Number of Vanes - Defines the number of vanes used for turns during routing. To add the weight and center of gravity of the turning vanes in the turn feature calculations, assign the values for the duct material and thickness of the turn feature as the values for the vane material and thickness equals (that is, these values are equal). The range of values for Number of Vanes includes non-negative integers. Vane Length - Defines the length of the specified vanes. Related Topics Duct Turn Feature Properties Dialog Box, page 79 Modify a Turn Feature, page 61
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Duct Component Properties Dialog Box

Allows you to review or change properties that relate to configuration, definition, occurrence, connections, relationships, notes, and weight and center of gravity parameters for components in the duct run. Related Topics Configuration Tab, page 66 Connections Tab (Duct Component Properties Dialog Box), page 81 Definition Tab, page 68 Notes Tab, page 68 Occurrence Tab, page 69 Relationship Tab, page 69
Connections Tab (Duct Component Properties Dialog Box)

Displays the connection information for the object, the properties and their values, as defined in the reference data. For more information about the information defined in the reference data, see the HVAC Reference Data Guide available from the Help > Printable Guides command in the software. Connector - Defines the connector for which to view properties. Related Topics Duct Component Properties Dialog Box, page 81
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Insert Component Properties Dialog Box

Specifies the properties of in-line duct components. Related Topics General Tab (Insert Component Properties Dialog Box), page 82 Insert In-line Component Ribbon, page 41 Insert Surface Mount Component Ribbon, page 44
General Tab (Insert Component Properties Dialog Box)

Creates or modifies property values or displays status information about an object. The properties that display depend on the reference data defined for the object. For more information, see the HVAC Reference Data Guide available from the Help > Printable Guides command in the software. Duct Run - Defines the run to which you assigned the feature. Insulation Material - Defines the condition that describes insulation for the feature (for example, Insulated, Not Insulated, and so forth). Insulation Thickness - Displays the thickness of insulation, if insulation has been assigned to the feature. You cannot edit this box. Name - Displays the name assigned to the in-line component. Name Rule - Specifies the name rule to use for the component. Part - Displays the part description assigned to the in-line component.
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Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box

Displays general and placement properties for the surface-mounted component in a duct run. Related Topics General Tab (Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box), page 83 Placement Tab (Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box), page 84
General Tab (Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box)

Allows you to set options for adding a surface-mounted component into a duct run. Duct Run - Defines the duct run into which you are inserting the surface-mounted component. Name - Defines the name of the surface-mounted component. Name Rule - Specifies the name rule to use for the component. Part - Defines the part number of the component part. Related Topics Insert a Surface-Mounted Component, page 45 Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box, page 83
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Placement Tab (Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box)

Sets options for adding a surface-mounted component into a duct run. Component Reference - Defines the origin or the port to place the surface-mounted component. By its design, a surface-mounted component has port 1, its origin, and port 2 on the positive x-axis of the symbol definition. Mount Reference - Defines a point of reference along a feature for the offset position and other positioning calculations. Mount Offset - Defines the offset distance between the duct run and the surfacemounted component that you are placing. The properties return to the same state for the orientation, angle, length, offset, turn type, and turn radius gadgets. Rotation Angle - Defines the number of degrees in the angle that you want to route around the surface-mounted component. The command allows you graphically rotate the component around the feature axis. Related Topics Insert a Surface-Mounted Component, page 45 Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box, page 83
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Modify Component Properties

1. Click Properties component. on the horizontal ribbon during the insertion of the 2. On the General tab of the Properties dialog box, select a parent duct run for the component in the System box. 3. Enter the name of the component in the Name box. 4. On the Placement tab of the Properties dialog box, enter the needed rotation angle and reference position in the appropriate boxes. If the selected component is surface-mounted, also select a value in the Mounting Reference and Mounting Offset Distance boxes. Notes
The System and Specification boxes are for review only. You cannot change the information in this procedure. The Part, Rotation Angle, Component Reference Position, Mounting Reference, and Mounting Offset Distance boxes correspond to the boxes with the same names on the horizontal ribbon.
Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview, page 65 Common Property Tabs: An Overview, page 66
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Modify Cross Section Properties

1. Click Properties on the horizontal ribbon while routing a duct run. 2. On the Duct Properties dialog box, click the Cross Section tab. 3. Select the shape of duct that you need by using the Cross Section box. 4. Enter appropriate dimensions for the selected cross section in the Dimensions boxes. Caution The software does not recalculate dimensions of existing duct automatically. 5. If needed, switch the local axis of the duct associated with the width axis of the offset cross section by clicking the Orientation button. The Orientation icon changes to indicate if the current value is set parallel or perpendicular to the width dimension of the U axis. By default the width is associated with the U axis.
Tips

The angle from the width axis appears.
The Orientation button is not available if you select an end feature or nozzle to position the offset, because this action sets the orientation of both ends of the transition. 6. Enter the number of degrees to change the angle of the selected cross section in the Angle box. Note
The Dimension boxes on the Properties and New Duct Run dialog boxes duplicate the functions of the Dimension boxes on the ribbon.
Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview, page 65 Common Property Tabs: An Overview, page 66 Cross Section Tab, page 67
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Modify Multiple Cross Section Dimensions

1. Select the duct features to change. Tips

Hold the CTRL key to select multiple duct features individually. Hold the SHIFT key to select all the duct features along the run between the first click and the second click. on the horizontal ribbon.
2. Click Properties
3. On the Duct Feature Properties dialog box, click the Cross Section tab. 4. Change the dimensions for the selected features as needed. Caution The software does not automatically recalculate dimensions of existing duct. 5. If needed, switch the local axis of the duct associated with the width axis of the offset cross section by changing the orientation angle. By default the width is associated with the U-axis.
Tip The angle from the width axis appears. 6. Enter the number of degrees to change the angle of the selected cross section in the Orientation Angle box.
Note
The dimension boxes on the Properties and New Duct Run dialog boxes duplicate the functions of the dimension boxes on the ribbon.
Related Topics Assign Default Properties for Duct Route, page 88 Choosing Run and Feature Properties: An Overview, page 65 Common Property Tabs: An Overview, page 66 Cross Section Tab, page 67
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Assign Default Properties for Duct Route

1. Click Properties on the horizontal ribbon of the Route Duct command. 2. On the Duct Properties dialog box, click the Defaults tab. 3. Select the default turn to use during routing in the Turn Type box. Tip The Turn Type box allows you to select a bend or miter turn, in addition to any other turn types that the run specifications allow. 4. Enter the turn radius to use while routing in the Bend Radius Multiplier box.
5. Select the branch type for branches to use while routing in the Branch Type box. Existing branches do not change. Notes
The software applies these default values to the turn and branch features of objects that you create during routing.
Related Topics Duct Properties Dialog Box, page 71 Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50
Modify Duct Run Properties

1. Select a run. Click Properties . 2. On the Properties dialog box, click the General tab. Tip The System box lists the HVAC system to which this duct run is assigned. 3. Review the properties that have been assigned to the duct run, including Name, Specification, Material, and Thickness.
Note
Reference data affects the contents that you can select on Duct Properties dialog box. For example, the properties in the reference data provide the values that you can select for duct thickness, among other values.
Related Topics Choose a Working Plane, page 33 Create a New Duct Run in Free Space, page 23 Duct Run Properties Dialog Box, page 70 Modifying Features: An Overview, page 50 88 HVAC Users Guide
Modify Split Properties

1. While inserting a split on a straight feature in the model, click Properties the Insert Split horizontal ribbon. on 2. On the General tab of the Duct Split Properties dialog box, select the parent duct run to which the split will belong in the Duct Run box. 3. Set the type of split in the Type box. 4. For a rectangular flat flange, use the Width Slope and Depth Slope boxes to set the orientation of the split. Note
The Run, Type, Width Slope, and Depth Slope boxes are the same as the commands on the horizontal ribbon of the same name.
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Modify Transition Properties

1. After selecting an end feature or nozzle to insert the transition feature, click Properties on the Insert Transition ribbon. 2. On the General tab of the Transition Properties dialog box, choose the parent duct run for your transition using the Duct Run box. Choosing More in this box allows you to choose from all duct runs associated with the active system. 3. Set the values for Type, Length, Throat Radius, and Angle in the appropriate boxes, if necessary. Tip These boxes duplicate the function of the boxes with the same name on the ribbon. 4. In the Tightness box, choose whether or not the transition is watertight.
5. On the Cross Section tab of the Transition Properties dialog box, complete any necessary adjustments to the shape and dimensions of the transition for the needed flow rate. Note
The default values for these properties originate with the selected end feature or nozzle where you are inserting the transition. If you did not select an end feature or nozzle before the Insert Transition command, the default values are the values that you last used for an inserted transition.
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Using the Flow Calculator: An Overview

The Flow Calculator provides a tool for you to complete partial calculations to choose the cross section or to estimate the flow rate. This tool is not an HVAC analysis program. Although the software runs its main calculations of an HVAC system at the diagram stage, you can work with the flow rates during the routing stage. The values are not connected to the run values. The Flow Calculator estimates for parts - not for the duct run. To estimate sizes, the process must account for the frictional and dynamic resistance to air flow. Fluid flow is used to correlate pressure changes with flow rates and the nature of the duct. For a given duct, the pressure drop for a given flow rate is needed. The inputs that you record on the Flow Calculator dialog box include duct flow rate, maximum allowed velocity, and pressure loss. If you enter flow rate and velocity, the output is diameter (circular) and pressure loss per length. If you enter flow rate and pressure loss per length, the output is diameter (circular) and velocity. If you input flow rate and diameter (circular), the output is velocity and pressure loss per length. Also, the software estimates the equivalent rectangular cross section based on the input aspect ratio. You can display the Flow Calculator dialog box by clicking Tools > Flow Calculator. Assumptions
The software processes the calculations based on air flowing in the duct at standard atmospheric conditions (temperature at 70 F, and air pressure at 14.7 psi). The Flow Calculator estimates diameter, pressure loss, flow rate, and velocity only in uniform straight features. The software does not estimate on the basis of fittings, size changes, direction changes, or obstructions. For additional information on pressure loss in fittings, refer to a handbook with industry standards. The Flow Calculator is based on the equal friction method of duct design. The equal friction method is commonly used in the industry in systems with low to moderate velocities, based on a friction drop per 100 feet of duct. For this reason, the duct length estimates in the software are based on 100 feet length (or 1 meter in metric calculations). Friction factor requires a duct roughness based on duct material. The Flow Calculator uses a medium-smooth material with a roughness factor of 0.0003 feet (like galvanized steel). You can perform suggested estimations for galvanized steel and apply correction factors to the results for other material types. The software performs estimates without the presence of a fan. HVAC Users Guide 91
All estimates are based on straight sections with no loss coefficients available for fittings. The software uses imperial units. Before calculating results, the software converts values that you enter to the proper imperial units using conversion factors. You can review the results in the units sets by clicking Tools > Options and selecting the Units of Measure tab. Note
The width ratio (or aspect ratio) refers to the ratio of depth to width for a rectangular cross section.
Related Topics Estimate Flow Rate, page 94 Flow Calculator Dialog Box, page 93
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Flow Calculator Dialog Box

Provides a tool to perform the various flow rate estimations based on pre-defined processing in the software. This tool is not an HVAC analysis program. You use the Flow Calculator when you select duct size or confirm the flow rate of routed duct. This dialog box provides three types of calculation methods. After you change the method, the input and output values change dynamically. After clicking the Calculate button with required input values, the software completes the calculation and displays the results on the dialog box. Method - Organizes the possible options to use in the estimation. The input and output controls change dynamically, depending on the method that you select. Select one of the following methods:
Flow rate and velocity >= diameter and loss per length - Serves as the default setting. Flow rate and loss per length >= diameter and velocity Flow rate and diameter >= velocity and loss per length
Calculation values - Organizes the values used in the estimation. The boxes under the Inputs heading contain the values that the algebraic equations use. In the Results column, the software displays the outcome of the equations. Flow rate - Defines the flow rate to use in the estimation. In this context, flow rate is the quantity of fluid flowing per unit of time. Flow rate is used as input for all methods. Velocity - Defines the velocity to use in the estimation. Velocity is used as input for the first method and used as output for the second and third methods. Diameter - Defines the diameter to use in the estimation. Diameter is used as output for the first and second methods and used as input for the third method. Press loss per length - Defines the loss of pressure in a length of a duct run. The value for Press loss per length is used as output for first method and third methods and used as input for the second method. Shape conversion - Organizes the values that change the properties for a rectangular or flat oval feature during the estimation. Rectangle - Displays a row of values used to estimate for a rectangular feature. The values include Width ratio (for each cross section based on the ratio of depth / width), Corner radius (of the rectangular cross section), Width (which is converted from the diameter), and Depth (which is converted from the diameter).
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Using the Flow Calculator: An Overview Flat oval - Displays a row of values used to estimate for a flat oval feature. The values include Width ratio (for each cross section based on the ratio of depth / width), Width (which is converted from the diameter), and Depth (which is converted from the diameter). Calculate - Runs the equations based on the values that you have entered when you click this button. Related Topics Using the Flow Calculator: An Overview, page 91
Estimate Flow Rate

1. Click Tools > Flow Calculator. 2. On the Flow Calculator dialog box, select one of the following methods:

Flow rate and velocity >= diameter and loss per length Flow rate and loss per length >= diameter and velocity
Flow rate and diameter >= velocity and loss per length 3. If you selected the first method, enter the values in the Flow rate and Velocity boxes. 4. If you selected the second method, enter the values in the Flow rate and Press loss per length boxes. 5. If you selected the third method, enter the values in the Flow rate and Diameter boxes. 6. Click Calculate. 7. Review the results for the first method in the Diameter and Press loss per length boxes, for the second method in the Diameter and Velocity boxes, and for the third method in the Velocity and Press loss per length boxes. 8. Review the possible combination of shape conversion for a rectangle and flat oval ducts. Values dynamically change in the Width ratio, Corner radius, Width, and Depth boxes. 9. For additional estimates, change the values in the Inputs boxes. 10. When you have completed the estimates, click Close. Related Topics Flow Calculator Dialog Box, page 93 Using the Flow Calculator: An Overview, page 91
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Determining the Center of Gravity and Duct Weight: An Overview
Determining the Center of Gravity and Duct Weight: An Overview

Duct fittings typically are manufactured from sheet metal and are generated at the job site or in the shop. The weight is calculated based on the sheet metal characteristics and volume. The amount of material depends on the surface area used to create the part and thickness. For parts generated by the catalog, the software uses reference data to calculate the weight and center of gravity. Duct weight depends on the construction material, material thickness, cross section and cross section size. Each ducting material has a defined value for the material weight per area per thickness. For instance, galvanized sheet metal weighs 40.82 lb. / ft. squared, per 1 inch of thickness. The following table summarizes the duct weight values (in lb. / ft. squared / in) of common sheet metal material in imperial units. Galvanized sheet metal weight Uncoated steel sheet metal weight 300 series stainless steel sheet metal weight 400 series stainless steel sheet metal weight 40.82 41.82 41.99 41.20
Aluminum sheet thickness (ALLOY 3003-H14) 14.256 You can calculate the center of gravity on a feature level by assuming a uniform weight. However, to determine the center of gravity for a part consisting of multiple features, you use calculations that deal with varying or non-uniform forces (called barycentric calculations). The calculation normally involves three items. When you change a value for one of the items, the other two items also change in a predictable manner.
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HVAC Glossary
HVAC Glossary
A ACI American Concrete Institute. AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction) An organization responsible for defining American steel construction standards. AISI American Iron and Steel Institute. abstract part A part that is only defined by a partial specification and that cannot be materially provided by the organization that defines the specification. Active Template Library (ATL) Set of class templates and wizards supplied with Microsoft C++ Version 5.0 and later. You can use an ATL when you create ActiveX controls and any other type of object that uses the Component Object Model (COM) model. Using an ATL is generally preferred over Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC), because the implementations are smaller, easier to use, and more closely tied to the COM model. actuator A device used to operate a valve using electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic pressure. alternative text (AText) An ISOGEN feature that allows you to change or remove any standard ISOGEN text on an isometric drawing. airway A user-defined path for routing cables outside of a cableway. Examples include jumping between trays, drop-offs to equipment, and so forth. ampacity The current-carrying capacity, expressed in amperes, of a wire or cable under stated thermal conditions. analysis The process of modeling a structure to study its physical behavior, such as mechanical (static and dynamic), thermal, and so forth. The most commonly-used analysis is finite element.
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HVAC Glossary analytical member A mathematical object derived from the logical member used to perform finite element analysis and design. anchor bolts Bolts used to connect structural members to concrete footings. angle The circular measurement taken from the intersection of two pipes at a turn or branch. anisotropic material A material that has heterogeneous material properties represented by a material property matrix in three directions. annotations Dimensions, notes, symbols, or reports placed in a drawing to provide information or comments. applet Set of tools or procedures attached to an application, normally held in a dynamic-link library (DLL) and usually exposed through appropriate interfaces from a Component Object Model (COM) server or set thereof. An applet does not support a complete framework user interface but can define user interface items appropriate to its functionality. application A program that can execute as a stand-alone entity and that provides the framework and base navigation tools to access all portions of the main program and any attached applets. application component An object, like drawings and folders, in the Drawings and Reports Management Console. Components allow you to perform various drawing management tasks, including organizing drawings in folders and creating different drawing types. The Microsoft Management Console in the operating system also has this concept, called snap-ins. approval state Recorded state of acceptance of information contained in objects within the database. The approval states indicate a level of confidence in the information stored in the database and govern the ability of users to alter specific data about a product. arc element A structural member of constant radius used to model curved elements.
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HVAC Glossary area A group of work that is organized primarily by geographic position relative to a named volume or area to which you can assign a relationship. arrangement (accommodation) Those components of a system arranged in three-dimensional space with accurate dimensional representation for installation. Various types include electrical, HVAC, machinery, outfitting, and piping. arrangement (electrical) Electrical system arranged in three-dimensional space with accurate dimensional representation for installation. This arrangement is generally shown as a wireway or trunk that contains cable from multiple systems. arrangement (HVAC) Components and ductwork of a ventilation system arranged in three-dimensional space with accurate dimensional representation. arrangement (machinery) Machinery arranged in three-dimensional space with accurate dimensional representation for installation. arrangement (outfitting) Outfitting structure arranged in three-dimensional space with accurate dimensional representation. arrangement (piping) Components of a piping system arranged in three-dimensional space with accurate dimensional representation. as-built Describes the computer model intended to accurately represent the physical plant. An as-built model contains a group of objects that already have been constructed. Objects in the as-built model contain property values (for example, serial numbers) that associate the model objects to physical objects in the plant. Accuracy of this model depends on the incorporation of changes based on changes made in the actual plant. as-designed Describes the computer model that depicts the most accurate design of the physical plant. This model does not use property values (that is, serial numbers) but identifies objects by a tag number or actual location. Currently, the TEF software tools update the as-designed model, not the as-built model. as-is Describes the set of physical objects that actually exist in the plant. The as-is model is not a computer model but a physical entity.
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HVAC Glossary assembly Unit composed of a collection of parts or other assemblies. Assembly creation consumes the individual part names and provides the unit a unique identification in the fabrication process. assembly information rule A program or routine that contains the logic to piece together individual parts to create a support assembly. assembly process Processes and sequences used to manufacture and assemble parts into block units. associativity A model architecture where the integrity and consistency of the model is guaranteed by the relationships between model entities. attribute A single type of non-graphics information that is stored about an object such as diameter or end preparation. auto-nesting Automatic selection and location of various shapes and sizes of steel plate parts to fit on a standard steel plate, minimizing scrap while optimizing cutting time and minimizing thermal distortion. axis An imaginary line used to define the orientation of a system or object normally defined in terms of an x, y, and z-axis. Some 3-D graphic objects have an associated axis used to define the center or axis for rotations. B bar A steel rod used to reinforce concrete. basic design Engineering definition of the model and its systems. batch extraction A method of extracting drawings in which many drawings are extracted at a time. You can schedule the extraction process and set its recurrence. bay The distance between two trusses. BCSA (British Constructional Steelwork Association) An organization responsible for defining British steel construction standards. HVAC Users Guide 99
HVAC Glossary beam A structural member type typically placed with the member axis in a nominal horizontal orientation. bearing plate A steel plate used to distribute a load over a larger area. Usually used at the base of a column. bent A vertical framework usually consisting of a truss or beam supported at the ends on columns. bill of material (BOM) Hierarchical decomposition of a product into constituent assemblies and parts. Specific types of BOMs exist (for example, an EBOM is a bill of material from the point of view of an engineering department; an MBOM is a bill of material from the point of view of manufacturing). block decomposition Breakdown of block units from the major parts to the piece part level. This process includes the complete assembly tree of a structural block that reaches to the lowest level structural part. block division Process of establishing boundaries of the major units or blocks to use in building a plant. boundary condition A property that defines the restriction on the allowable direction of movement (degree of freedom) at a particular node. brace A diagonal member used to stiffen a framework. branch point A place where at least three segments of pipe intersect or where a pipe run extends out of a header. build strategy Combination of block division, block decomposition, erection network, and assembly process that, when taken as a whole, represents the assembly plan and sequence for building a plant. Note that the plan does not include the schedule but does include the activities needed to develop the schedule.
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HVAC Glossary built-up member A member built from multiple standard shapes to create a single, usually stronger, member. bulkload The process by which reference data in Microsoft Excel workbooks is loaded into the Catalog database. bus A conductor, or group of conductors, that serve as a common connector for two or more circuits. busbar A conducting bar that carries heavy current to supply several electric circuits. C cabinet An enclosure designed either for surface or flush mounting and provided with a frame, mat, or trim in which a swinging door or doors may be hung. See also enclosure. cable A conductor with insulation, or a stranded conductor with or without insulation and other coverings (single-conductor cable) or a combination of conductors insulated from one another (multiple-conductor cable). See also optical cable. cable core binder A wrapping of tapes or cords around the several conductors of a multiple-conductor cable used to hold them together. Note: Cable core binder is usually supplemented by an outer covering of braid, jacket, or sheath. cable filler The material used in multiple-conductor cables to occupy the interstices formed by the assembly of the insulated conductors, thus forming a cable core of the necessary shape (usually circular). cable jacket A protective covering over the insulation, core, or sheath of a cable. cable hanger Description of all physical cableway supports. cable shielding A nonmagnetic, metallic material applied over the insulation of the conductor or conductors to confine the electric field of the cable to the insulation of the conductor or conductors. HVAC Users Guide 101
HVAC Glossary cable terminal A device which provides insulated egress for the conductors. cableway Term to describe the volumetric path in a model design through which one or more cables pass from one location in the model to another. Cableway is synonymous with, and is used instead of, raceway or wireway. cableway load Weight per unit length supported by a cableway segment. callout Label and leader combination that identifies the area on the main drawing view from which a detail view has been derived. camber Slight upward curve given to trusses and girders to avoid the effect of sag or selfweight. can A reinforcing connection piece placed at member intersections. cantilever A beam, girder, or truss that overhangs one or both supports. catalog Repository of information about components and materials used in construction. When you use catalog parts in the model, the software places an occurrence of the catalog part in the project. This occurrence is a copy of the actual catalog part. Catalog database The database that contains the reference data. Each Plant/Ship database can reference a different Catalog database. Catalog task User interface that allows you to view the Catalog hierarchy. chain A set of continuous and tangent segments. change history Process of recording information such as who, when, and why for any given modification.
HVAC Glossary change management Software features or manual procedures for managing the consequence of change. For example, software can support a change management feature to report drawings that need updating as a result of a change in a 3-D model. change propagation Ability of the software to intelligently modify dependent design information to reflect change in a higher order object. channel A structural shape referring to a three-sided member type with each of the sides joined at a right angle. channel (electrical) 1) A single path for transmitting electric signals, usually in distinction from other parallel paths. 2) A band of frequencies. chord The principal member of a truss. Can be on either the top or bottom of the truss. circuit A conductor or system of conductors through which an electric current is intended to flow. circuit breaker A device used to open and close a circuit by nonautomatic means, and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined overload of current, without injury to itself when properly applied within its rating. circular bar A structural shape referring to a cylindrical solid. circular tube A structural shape referring to a hollow cylindrical member type or pipe. CISC (Canadian Institute of Steel Construction) An organization responsible for defining Canadian steel construction standards. claim To identify objects as part of a project. class Grouping of individual objects that share some very significant, common characteristics.
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HVAC Glossary classification folder A folder in the Catalog hierarchy that contains part classes. Classification folders are one level above part classes. The ClassNodeType and R-ClassNodeDescribes sheets in the Microsoft Excel workbooks define the classification folders. clip angle A small angle-shaped piece of steel used for fastening members together. codelist A set of acceptable values for a particular property that can be referred to by an index number or selected in a combo box. For example, the codelist for the material specification allows you to select from a set of standard entries, such as ASTM A183F316 Stainless Steel. column A vertical structural member usually attached to a footing and extending to the roof of a building. commodity code A user-defined code that provides an index to parts in a catalog. commodity item A standard component found in a manufacturer catalog (an off-the-shelf component). component Physical part that a feature generates. component A piece of a pipe feature or pipe run. compound document Document that contains files with various formats. An example is a document composed of AutoCAD and MicroStation documents. concurrent access Ability of the software to allow multiple users to simultaneously access and modify the design of a model. condition rule The condition that must be met before any rule is applied in a drawing view style. conductor 1) A substance or body that allows a current of electricity to pass continuously along it. 2) A wire or combination or wires not insulated from one another, suitable for carrying an electric current. It may be bare or insulated.
HVAC Glossary conduit (flexible) Conduit built up of spiral metal strips that interlock. It is not moisture proof and hence cannot be used where the action of any considerable amount of moisture is objectionable. conduit (rigid) Conduit that is fireproof, moisture proof, reliable, and mechanically strong. This type of conduit is generally employed when wires are installed in cableways. conduit body A separate portion of a conduit or tubing system that provides access through a removable cover(s) to the interior of the system at a junction of two or more sections of the system or at a terminal point of the system. conduit fitting An accessory that serves to complete a conduit system, such as bushings and access fittings. consolidated tasks A collection of tasks run in batch. For example, the software allows you to extract a set of drawings immediately or to schedule the batch extraction for a future time. constraints A logical restriction that controls how part symbols ports relate to each other and to reference ports. There are four constraints: parallel, perpendicular, coincident, and distance. constraint An analytical boundary condition applied to a node in the model. Constraints can be applied in any valid degree of freedom in the model. Constraints force zero movement at the node and degree of freedom of application. contract A Work Breakdown Structure object representing a scope of work, usually performed by an external supplier. The contract is related to a project and appears in the Work Breakdown Structure hierarchy. construction profile Principal structural plan for the plant that generally includes a cross section; also an initial structural plan. coordinate The location of a point along the X-, Y-, or Z-axis.
HVAC Glossary coordinate system A geometric relation used to denote the location of points in the model. The most common coordinate system is the rectangular coordinate system, whereby points are located by traversing the X-, Y-, and Z-axes of the model. Normally, coordinate systems have their origin defined as 0,0,0. cope To cut out the top or bottom flanges and possibly the web so that one member will frame into another. cover plate A plate used in building up flanges, in a built-up member, to give greater strength and area, or for protection. critical flow The state of flow for a given discharge at which the specific energy is minimum. cross section The shape of a member when viewed along the member line. cut pipe report A list that shows the length of each piece of pipe in the pipeline. cutback An axial offset that typically represents the distance from a member centerline to its face. Cutbacks are used to account for the difference between how a structure is modeled and constructed in terms of lengths of members and quantities of materials. cutting plane A plane that cuts through an object. D d/D The maximum ratio of flow depth over pipe diameter. damage records Data relating to the damage and repair of structure or components that occurred during or after construction of a plant. data interchange Capability to output the design, or portions of the design, in a standard format for use or movement to another computer software system.
HVAC Glossary database Repository for the product model data. The database contains information to describe individual objects in the data model and the relationships between objects as appropriate. date or time last revised Date and time of day when data was last changed in the model. database backup Process of recording a backup copy of the complete database or the incremental changes since the date that the last complete copy was created. database break and recovery Utilities used to restore a database after files are corrupted. database copy Functionality to copy large collections of model objects from one design project to another design project. database management Functionality related to managing a product model database. database monitor record Transactions that occur in order to provide database (DB) recovery after a stop in response with a minimum of lost data. degree of freedom An allowable direction of movement, either translation or rotation. There are six possible degrees of freedom (DOFs): translation X, Y, and Z, and rotation RX, RY, and RZ. design alternative Difference in a design represented by a separate version. A design alternative can be a new design prepared as a proposed change, or one of several elective options that the builder or customer selects. Each design alternative has an identification assigned so the user can uniquely refer to the design alternatives. design approval log Record of review and approval of parts of the design. design data auto input Automation in loading existing design data into a new design database. design documents Drawings, sketches, material lists, procedures, and so forth that are generated during the design phase.
HVAC Glossary design object Any object with properties that you can select. A design object can be related to one or more contracts of different types, but related only to one contract of a given type. design progress check Analysis of the content of the design to some metric unit that gives an idea of the degree of completion. design review Functionality to support rapid viewing of the design and markup of features with comments. design service Any general system services related to the design function. design standard Feature or object used in plant design that has been determined to the normal or approved way of accomplishing a design requirement. In the context of computer software, the term refers to computer functionality to support standards, not the standard itself. designed support A support created by the designer who selects the individual parts for the support from the catalog. detail A small part of a structure, drawn separated from the structure to better explain information. detail envelope Shape on the main drawing view that determines the 3-D model objects contained in the drawing view that the detail view also includes. Detail envelopes can be circles or polygons in shape. detail schedule Lowest level of schedule used to manage and track work progress. detail sketch A small drawing inset on an isometric drawing that provides more information about the fabrication or erection of a component represented in the isometric drawing. detail view Drawing view that has been extracted from a main drawing view or another detail view, instead of the 3-D model. Detail views are more than simply enlargements of the main drawing view; they often contain additional graphical information that is not visible in the main drawing view, such as weld or chalk information.
HVAC Glossary diagonals A member used for stiffening and wind bracing. diagram (2-D) Diagram that shows the topology, functional components, wiring connections, and special requirements of a electrical or electronics system. Generally represents the engineering design of the system. dimension rule The dimension processing for a drawing view style. This rule controls the style, units, and placement of dimensions in a drawing view. distributed systems Systems consisting of sequential parts with a distributive characteristic (for example, pipes distribute fluids, HVAC distributes air, cabling distributes power, and structure distributes loads). distribution systems Term synonymous and used interchangeably with the term distributed systems. division Intersection in a cableway at which the cross section divides into two or more individual cableways. documentation Drawings and other records that you must produce to document, obtain approval, or build the design. double line A representation of a structural member that shows the true (or scaled) width of a structural section on a member, including hidden lines, if any. Double line representation is often used in plan and elevation model views. Draw toolbar Contains many of the commands you can use to draw elements. drawing A graphic file that contains data about a process. Each drawing has a unique drawing number within the unit to which the drawing belongs. drawing frame An option category that controls text in the title block area of an isometric drawing. drawing tool Tool that helps in the process of creating, modifying, or manipulating objects. Examples are PinPoint and SmartSketch.
HVAC Glossary drawing view A two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional geometry from the model. A template drawing view is associated with a drawing volume or multiple volumes in the model. After you generate actual drawings, each drawing view has a one-to-one relationship with a volume. Each view has a view style that applies rules to the object query during drawing generation. drawing view style A set of rules that control how three-dimensional objects appear in a two-dimensional drawing view. drawing volume A clipping volume that is associated with a specific drawing view in a document. driftpin A tapered steel pin used to align bolt or rivet holes when assembling steel. E easting A term that describes an east coordinate location in a coordinate system. edge distance The distance from the center of a bolt or rivet to the edge of a plate or flange. edge reinforcement axis A curve that you place along the edge reinforcement. This axis can exist as part of the free edge or an offset of a part of the free edge. edge reinforcement boundary An object that limits the edge reinforcement axis. electric Electrical system used to distribute electric power and instrumentation signals. electromagnetic interference (EMI) Undesirable coupling of electrical, magnetic, or radio wave energy between electrical circuits or cables causing unwanted effects on systems and on electrical or electronic components. element Primitive geometric shape such as a line, circle, or arc. elevation (grids) The height, or value along the Z-axis of the coordinate system, of a point.
HVAC Glossary elevation A viewing orientation normal to a vertical section through a structure, such as a single bay, or along a grid line. Also known as a sectional view of a structure. enclosure A surrounding case or housing used to protect the contained conductor or equipment and protect personnel from contacting live parts. end releases Physical member properties that define the connection between a member and its nodes. End releases (degrees of freedom) are used to simulate pinned members as well as other special modeling situations. The member will not contribute stiffness to the node if the degree of freedom (end release) is released. Similarly, the node will not transfer forces or moments to the member through a release degree of freedom. End releases can be defined in any valid degree of freedom for the model. engineering drawing Basic layout drawing of a structure used for design and engineering purposes. equipment Pieces that a foundation supports. Examples are engines, generators, pumps, fans, consoles, large valves, large strainers, and winches. Usually, you can find these pieces on a machinery arrangement plan. Equipment is most often associated with a system. equipment catalog Catalog of equipment geometry and limited properties that the software uses to identify and visualize equipment and its placement in the model. The catalog is not the source for the total specification and ordering data for the object. equipment modeler Facility of the software to create three-dimensional representations of equipment and components for use in defining arrangements. equipment trim drawing A type of drawing that contains bill-of-material data, but no graphics, to describe all of the trim lines from a piece of equipment. The purpose of this type of drawing is to produce a bill-of-material that is on a single drawing and is grouped by nozzle connection. erection clearance The amount of space left between members to ease assembly.
HVAC Glossary erection diagrams Structural drawings prepared specifically for use in the field for erecting a structure. These drawings are used in steel and precast concrete construction to show how the structure fits together, and in what order each piece is to be erected. The drawings include the location of every part of the structure, the number of pieces in members, and the approximate weights of heavy members to assist in construction. erection network Sequence of activities needed to erect block units. exit elevation The lowest downstream elevation point on the internal diameter of a pipe. F fabricate To cut, punch, and sub-assemble members in the shop. fabrication plans Structural detailed drawings of individual structural members, describing exactly how they are to be manufactured. face-to-face The overall length of a component from the inlet face to the outlet face. facilities Data objects that describe the characteristics of the plant facilities and equipment to manufacture or handle the parts of the plant. fasteners Bolts and rivets used to connect structural members. feeder 1) A set of conductors originating at a main distribution center and supplying one or more secondary distribution centers, one or more branch-circuit distribution centers, or any combination of these two types of equipment. 2) All circuit conductors between the service equipment, or the generator switchboard of an isolated plant, and the final branch-circuit overcurrent device. feature A logical collections of parts driven by the piping specification. There are four basic features: straight, turn, branch, and inline component. fence Boundary or barrier that separates or closes off an area. To surround or close like a fence.
HVAC Glossary field adjustment Material added to the neat design geometry of piping or structural parts to allow for fit up in the case that extra material is required due to uncontrolled variance in the manufacturing and construction process. finite element A simple geometric shape defined by a specific number of nodes in a specific order. Elements are dependent on all the nodes defining their shape; if any node is deleted, the element is also deleted. Elements are the building blocks of finite element models. Elements can be one of three types: linear or one-dimensional, plate or twodimensional, or solid or three-dimensional. fitting An accessory such as a locknut, bushing, or other parts of a wiring system that is intended primarily to perform a mechanical rather than an electrical function. flange The projecting portion of a beam, channel, or column. flat face A flange surface on which the gasket sealing area is the entire surface from the inside face diameter to the outside face diameter. flavor A different variation of a symbol. Each variation has different occurrence property values. flexure A term used for describing bending behavior. flow rate The quantity of fluid flowing per unit of time. flow time The time it takes for the flow, from the head of the piped system, to reach a downstream point. fluid flow analysis Computational fluid dynamics. focus of rotation A point or line about which an object or view turns. footing An enlargement at the base of a column, or at the bottom of a wall, that distributes the load over a greater portion of ground and thereby prevents settling.
HVAC Glossary footprint A graphical cross-section of a structural member. Footprints are used to represent members that intersect a model view plane at or near a perpendicular angle of intersection. foundation The bottom-most portion of a wall, or that part of a wall that rests on the footing, upon which the rest of the wall is built. foundation or masonry plans Structural drawings that include detail drawings of all foundations and walls that support the structure. The plans show the loads on the foundations, the depth of footings, the proportions of concrete, the quality of masonry, the allowable bearing on the soil, and all data necessary for accurately locating and constructing the foundations. frame Single workspace that provides a standard menu bar, status bar, graphical view area, and tree view area. frame connection A way of establishing connectivity between member parts to represent physical relationships such as work point offsets, and logical relationships such as end releases. A placement positioning mechanism to represent physical relationships between member systems that establishes and maintains connectivity. framing plan A structural drawing plan view, drawn to scale, providing an overhead view of the structural components of a building. Columns, beams, and girders, roof members, floor members, and wall members all require separate framing plans. free edge A plate edge that is not bounded by another structural object. Fu Ultimate strength full penetration weld A type of weld where the weld material extends through the complete thickness of the components being joined. function points Part of the requirements documentation, function points are the smallest granularity of a requirement statement that describe specific detailed actions that the software performs.
HVAC Glossary functional block diagram Schematic representation of a system (piping, electrical, ventilation) showing system parts and their relationship. You use symbols to represent equipment and components. A connecting network of lines illustrates their relationship. Taken together, the symbols and the network illustrate the function of the system. furnishings Parts, like movable articles and fittings, that normally are not associated with a system (for example, a chair). Fy Yield strength. G gap element An analytical element used to simulate one-way compression-only behavior. A gap can be closed and in compression. In addition to the compression, it can then conduct (or not conduct) shearing stress depending on whether or not the gap is sliding. When open, the gap does not participate in the structure stiffness. Typical uses of gap elements in modeling include beams on elastic foundation and the contact of two initially unconnected regions. gasket A component used to seal a joint between two other components. general plans Structural drawings that include a profile of the ground; location of the structure; elevations of ruling points in the structure; clearances; grades; direction of flow; and all other substructure and superstructure design data. generic specific Object that is parametrically defined or defined to suit a family of specific parts (for example, International Standards parametrics). For example, a 100 - 200 gpm pump in the catalog can provide a general shape to appear in the model until a specific object has been identified. See also specific and specific object. girder A horizontal support member similar to a beam. Some people maintain that girders span from column to column, and beams span from girder to girder. Other people maintain that beams span column to column and girders span from beam to beam. girt A beam, usually bolted to columns, to support the side covering or to serve as a window lintel.
HVAC Glossary grade The material grade of the structural member. graphic rule The graphic processing rule for a drawing view style. A graphic rule could be vector hidden line (VHL), for example. grid A network of uniformly spaced horizontal and perpendicular lines that help to identify either 2-D or 3-D relationships. grid set A group of grid lines placed within a plane that are linked. A grid set can be manipulated as a single unit. ground A conducting connection, whether intentional or accidental, by which an electric circuit or equipment is connected to the earth, or to some conducting body of relatively large extent that serves in place of the earth. GUIDs Acronym that stands for Globally Unique Identifiers. The software automatically creates the GUIDs sheet in the Excel workbooks when you create the Catalog database and schema. The purpose of storing GUIDs within Excel workbooks is to help you keep track of what has been loaded into the database. Storing GUIDs also helps to avoid the situation in which a replacement Catalog database causes existing models to become invalid. gusset plate A plate used to connect various members, such as in a truss. H handwheel A wheel-shaped operator intended to be turned by hand to operate the valve stem or operator shaft to which it is attached. head loss The loss of pressure due to friction or shape of a structure. header The portion of a pipeline topology associated with the primary fluid flow. HITS report A diagnostic tool generated by the ISOGEN interface used to analyze the data collected from the 3-D piping model when a problem extracting an isometric occurs.
HVAC Glossary hook element An analytical element or boundary condition used to simulate one-way tension-only behavior. A hook element is a backwards gap with the ability to resist tension only when the hook is closed. It resists neither tension nor compression when it is open. Typical uses of hook elements in modeling include structural bracing, cables, tension, bolts, and the separation of two connected regions. hull The outside surface or envelope of a member. HVAC Acronym for heating, ventilation and cooling. This system is the distribution system design for heating or cooling. HVAC analysis Analysis routines that address heating and cooling loads required for the compartments and that size or evaluate ventilation ducts and blower requirements. hydrostatic test A pressure test in which water is used to detect leaks in a component. I I-Section A structural shape referring to any member type in the form of an I. impedance A measure of the total opposition to current flow in an alternating-current circuit, equal to the rms electromotive force in the circuit to the rms current produced by it, and usually represented in complex notation as Z = R + iX, where R is the ohmic resistance and X is the reactance. implied piping component Piping components that are created in the database as part of a feature, but that are not represented graphically. initial design Early stage of design work, generally before contract, used to estimate construction costs and provide a rough concept of the intended plant. Contains information relating to a plant created during its initial (concept) design period. initial structural plan Principal structural plan for the plant; also called a construction profile. inline A term used to refer to those piping components that can be inserted in a pipe feature.
HVAC Glossary installation (electrical) Information needed to install the electric pan, hangers, and cables on block or in the plant. installation (joiner) Information needed to install the joiner components on block or in the plant. installation (machinery) Information needed to install the machinery on block or in the plant. installation (outfitting) Information needed to install the outfitting structure parts and assemblies on block or in the plant. installation (piping) Information needed to install the pipe parts and assemblies on block or in the plant. installation (ventilation) Information needed to install the ventilation parts and assemblies on block or in the plant. instantiation Occurrence of a catalog object at a specific geometric location in the model. insulation The part that is relied upon to insulate the conductor from other conductors, conducting parts, or from ground. insulation level An insulation strength, expressed in terms of a withstand voltage. interactive extraction A method of extracting drawings in which you can extract only a single isometric at a time. This method is primarily used for testing purposes. interference checking A process that identifies possible collisions or insufficient clearance between objects in the model. invert elevation The lowest point on the internal diameter of the pipe. ISOGEN A software component that generates isometric drawings. Alias, Ltd develops ISOGEN.
HVAC Glossary isometric Relating to or being a drafting system characterized by three equal axes at right angles; a view in which the horizontal lines of an object are drawn at an angle to the horizontal and all verticals are projected at an angle from the base. isometric drawing A line drawing, always shown in an isometric perspective, that is used for fabricating and erecting piping systems. An isometric drawing usually shows a complete line from one piece of equipment to another and provides all information necessary for fabrication and erection of piping. isometric drawing style A set of options that control the drawing output, including format and content. Each style has a unique set of options stored in reference data. You can use the Isometric Style Options Browser to edit the options. isotropic material A material that behaves with the same material properties in all direction. An example of an isotropic material is steel. item A combination of an element and another type of data, such as a symbol or object. J jacket A three- or four-faced vertical or sloped tower. jigs and fixtures Design of, or data for, devices that position work or hold work in position for joining, transport, or erection. job order Industrial authorization for accomplishing work; synonymous with a work order. joist A horizontal structural members that support the floor or roof of a building. junction box A box with a blank cover that serves the purpose of joining different runs of cableway or cable and provides space for the connection and branching of enclosed conductors. K kinematics analysis Analysis of mechanical motion.
HVAC Glossary kips Kilo pounds. ksi Kips per square inch. knee brace A corner brace used to prevent angular movement. L label rule The label processing rule for a drawing view style. A label rule could locate white space in a drawing view, for example. leg length analysis Preferred term is welding length analysis. lever A handle type operator. library Resource of reference information that a software user can access in developing a plant design. life cycle database Information developed to assist in the maintenance and modernization of delivered plants. lifting Analysis of the units that must be moved or positioned to determine weight and center of gravity (CG), unit height (including roll over requirements), and the appropriate number and location of lifting pads. line Maze of paths identifying connecting elements; synonymous with a network. Fluid comes in at one point and exits through all other connected points. See also pipeline. link Way to store information about another file in your document. You can update a link so that changes in the file appear in your document. lintel A horizontal member used to carry a wall over an opening. load (structure) A force vector applied to a member. 120 HVAC Users Guide
HVAC Glossary load (electrical) 1) A device that receives power or the power or apparent power delivered to such a device. 2) The electric power used by devices connected to an electrical generating system. location A Location is defined by three user-defined inputs: 1) a unique name, 2) a unique name rule ID, and 3) the SQL Server where the Site databases reside for that Location. One Location is defined and created when the Site database is created using the Database Wizard. Additional Locations can be created in the Project Management task. Each Location is a Site-level object, thus other Plants within the same Site collection can use the Locations when the Plants are configured for Workshare. lug (electrical) A wire connector device to which the electrical conductor is attached by mechanical pressure or solder. lug (hangers and supports) A plate with a bolt hole usually welded to the centerline of a pipe. Used to connect the pipe to the other parts of the hanger. lug and eye piece lifting Pads used to move structural assemblies. M machinery Major pieces of equipment installed in a plant. macro A sequence of actions or commands that can be named and stored. When you run the macro, the software performs the actions or runs the commands. You can create the macros in Visual Basic or other OLE-aware programming applications. Some of the other OLE-aware programming applications are Visual Basic for Applications, Visual C++, and so forth. maintenance envelope A rectangular box around the part for clearance during maintenance operations. maintenance parts Required material for depot or on-board repair or overhaul of equipment, as determined by engineering study. Generally at a level below the purchased construction object of the plant. maintenance records Records of breakdown, repair, and overhaul of equipment.
HVAC Glossary manhole (electrical) More accurately termed splicing chamber or cable vault, a subsurface chamber, large enough for a man to enter, in the route of one or more conduit runs and affording facilities for placing and maintaining in the runs, conductors, cables, and any associated apparatus. manufacturing (electrical) Information needed to manufacture the electrical components such as pans, hangers, and the cut lengths of the required cables. manufacturing (HVAC) Information needed to manufacture the ventilation piece parts and accomplish assembly. manufacturing (joiner) Information needed to manufacture the joiner components. manufacturing (machinery) Information needed to manufacture the machinery components or special parts, if any, required to install the equipment. manufacturing (outfitting) Information needed to manufacture the outfitting structure piece parts and accomplish assembly. manufacturing (piping) Information needed to manufacture the pipe piece parts and accomplish assembly. marking and cutting Marking lines used to align any parts for assembly; also marks used to identify parts and cutting of standard plates into needed shapes, usually by N/C equipment. material analysis Analysis of a completed design work for extracting detailed material requirements; also called material lists. material list An option category that controls the format and content of the bill of materials. material properties Properties of the material useful in the analysis process. member name A user-definable alphanumeric code used to uniquely identify individual members in the model.
HVAC Glossary member part A model object derived from the logical model that represents the manufactured physical member parts. member system A logical collection of member parts that can be moved as a single entity. methods Objects in the database that describe the manufacturing methods to the component parts of a plant. move from point Starting point for an action. For example, when you move an equipment object, the Move From point determines the point of origin for the move. move to point Ending point for an action. For example, when you move an equipment object, the Move To point determines where you want the move to stop. Microsoft Jet Database Engine Database management system that retrieves and stores data within a user database or a system database. MTO neutral file A nongraphic output file that can be fed into a material control system. MTO stands for Material Take-Off. N network Maze of paths identifying connecting elements; synonymous with line. Fluid enters at one point and exits through all other connected points. node 1) One of the set of discrete points in a flow graph. 2) A terminal of any branch of a network or a terminal common to two or more branches of a network. 3) An end point of any branch or a network or graph, or a junction common to two or more branches. normal vector In drawing extraction commands, the normal vector is the view orientation of a drawing view set. northing A term that describes a north coordinate location in a coordinate system. nozzle A piping connection point to a piece of equipment. HVAC Users Guide 123
HVAC Glossary NPD (Nominal Piping Diameter) The diameter of a pipe. O object A type of data other than the native graphic format of the application. occurrence property A characteristic that applies to an individual object in the model. Occurrence properties are designated with oa: in the reference data workbooks. You can view and modify occurrence properties on the Occurrence tab of the properties dialog boxes in the software. Depending on the object, some occurrence properties are read-only. off-line modification batch Processing access to the database. olet A type of branching fitting that is preshaped to the curvature of the run pipe. Types of olets include sockolets, nipolets, and elbolets. open interface Open architecture and utilities allowing the user to develop individual applications that access and return information to the database. optical cable A fiber, multiple fibers, or fiber bundle in a structure fabricated to meet optical, mechanical, and environmental specifications. option A predefined alternative to the default part in the pipe specification. There can be more than one option. options file A set of options that drives the ISOGEN interface. orthogonal The characteristic of an element consisting completely of elements positioned at 90degree angles. A square is an orthogonal element. orientation vector A vector used to define the local y-x plane of a physical member when combined with the local x-axis defined by the start and end nodes. origin In coordinate geometry, the point where the X-, Y-, and Z-axes intersect.
HVAC Glossary origin point The point at which the coordinate system is placed, providing a full Cartesian coordinate system with positive and negative quadrants. Points are placed at coordinates relative to the origin point, represented by the X, Y, and Z values. orthographic A depiction of an object created by projecting its features onto a plane along lines perpendicular to the plane. orthotropic material A material that has two material directions that are orthogonal to one another. An example of an orthotropic material is wood. oversized spool A spool with dimensions greater than the maximum allowed dimensions. You can define the maximum dimensions in the reference data. P PCF (Piping Component File) The intermediary file that the host software generates and delivers to the Alias ISOGEN software with the goal of creating an isometric piping drawing. P&ID Diagram that shows the topology, functional components, and special requirements of a piping system; generally represents the engineering design of the system. package Set of closely related classes. (UML) painting Computation of paint surface and recording of paint system requirements. panel The space between adjacent floor supports, or purlins, in a roof. parameter A property whose value determines the characteristics or behavior of something. part class A group of similar objects. You can define part classes in the Excel workbooks. A part class can have multiple parts. For example, a heat exchanger part class can contain heat exchangers with different dimensions. part number Unique identifier of a part.
HVAC Glossary part override An option used to place a component not defined in the pipe specification. part ports An arbitrary location on a part symbol defined by the person who creates the part. Ports are used in the placement of part symbols in relation to each other. The port conveys the geometric information of an origin, three axes, and three planes. parts The physical components that comprise a feature and are generally selected by the software. For example, the flanges, gaskets, and the gate valve itself are examples of the parts comprising the gate valve feature. parts family Collection of similar parts. Parts families are gathered into a parts library. parts library Identified set of data, and possibly programs, that can generate information about a set of parts. path Single path along a continuous curve connecting two ports (nozzles, attach points). It can be made up of numerous runs. For example, pipe path connects nozzle B of equipment 1 to nozzle C of equipment 2. path (electrical) 1) A line connecting a series of points in space and constituting a proposed or traveled route. 2) The set of links and junctions joined in series to establish a connection. pile A double-battered vertical member placed at each corner of a jacket or at an intermediate position. Product Data Management (PDM) System Software intended to manage both product data and documents associated to the product data. Functionality typically includes: object-based data modeling tools, user administration, business rules, and document management. Document management typically includes document editing or reviewing, document mark-up or redline, document storage, and full-text retrieval. PDS (Plant Design System) A comprehensive, intelligent computer-aided design and engineering application for the process, power, and marine industries. PDS consists of integrated 2-D and 3-D modules that correspond to engineering tasks in the design workflow.
HVAC Glossary peak flow The maximum flow rate of water through a specific size pipe. penetration spool A spool that can include parts from one or more pipeline systems. The common factor among all the systems is that each pipeline is welded to a common penetration plate. physical member A concept that helps to eliminate modeling errors by providing a straightforward method for defining structure geometry by placing members in a model in much the same way that they would be framed in the field. During analysis pre-processing, physical members are split into finite elements (segments) while still maintaining the collective status of the physical member during model revisions. The software assigns member releases at each end of the true physical member, while preventing release assignments from being made to interior nodes of the finite elements. pipe A hollow, cylindrical structural steel shape. pipe Piping part that is hollow and approximately cylindrical; may have a constant crosssection along its length. Pipe conveys a working media (fluid or gas). pipe run Type of interconnection where a single path through a portion of a piping system has a common specification, common property values, and one start and one end point. pipe specification A collection of the allowed types of piping commodities and requirements that can be used in the design of a piping system to which the specification applies. These commodities are also known as specification parts. Each individual piping specification includes additional rules that determine the types of parts that must be used in certain design circumstances as well as suggestions for parts that could be used in other circumstances. pipe stress analysis Analysis routines that provide stress and deflection data for piping designs. Loading conditions can be both static (thermal or displacement) and dynamic. pipeline A set of graphically connected pipe runs including all branches. pipeline Logical component of a piping system that is composed of one or more pipe runs. Examples include supply lines and return lines.
HVAC Glossary piping Pipe, tubing, and support structure used to move liquids. piping system Type of distribution system that allocates and controls the dispersion of a working media (fluid or gas) among functional devices. The piping system may be comprised of other piping systems, parts, devices, pipelines, and pipe runs. pitch The ratio of rise to run for roofs. Pitch is also the center distance between bolts or rivets, parallel to the axis of the member. Plant Breakdown Structure (PBS) The composition of the plant based on the grouping of physical objects by their function in the plant. The plant occupies the top level of the hierarchy, followed by areas and units. plant A collection of modeled objects that can be simultaneously displayed and edited in a workspace. A Plant points to a Catalog (optionally shared with other Plants) and can reference a PDS project. Access control is managed at the Plant level. plate A flat, rectangular steel shape. pneumatic test A pressure test in which air is used to detect leaks in a component. port A connection point to a pipe or a component such as a valve. post tensioning A method of pre-stressing concrete, by stressing the steel strands after the concrete has been poured and allowed to harden. precast concrete Concrete members that are poured in forms at a plant or factory and allowed to harden. Two types of precast products exist: pre-stressed products and reinforced products. pre-stressed concrete Concrete products that are stressed by passing high-strength steel strands through the form and applying stress to the strands either before or after the concrete is poured.
HVAC Glossary pretensioning Stressing the steel strands in a pre-stressed member before the concrete is poured into the form. principle of superposition The principle that states that the stresses, strains, and displacements due to different forces can be combined. This principle is only valid for linear analysis. primary member A main structural support member. product model Collection of the representations and properties of all of the objects and their versions that make up a plant design. product structure Hierarchical breakdown or decomposition of a product into constituent parts, volumes, or units. (For example, a bill of material is one possible type of product structure.) production planning Functionality associated with the work breakdown and sequence of the construction of a plant. project The scope of work approved for capital expenditure; a financed set of work (that is, a job). Normally, a project begins in the design world and then progresses to the physical world when the approval for actual construction is approved. You can modify a property for an object to associate it to a project. promotion Process of associating approval state with a product version. A product version begins its existence at a working approval state. When the version is at some level of maturity, its approval state is elevated to a higher approval state (that is, promoted). Then, further changes must be carefully controlled and generally require the data set demoted to a working state. One or more promotions can occur successively higher approval states (between working and approved) to represent various intermediate levels of review or progressive approval. pull box A box with a blank cover that is inserted in one or more runs of cableway to facilitate pulling in the conductors, and may also serve the purpose of distributing the conductors. pulling tension The longitudinal force exerted on a cable during installation.
HVAC Glossary purlin Horizontal structural member extending between trusses, used as beams for supporting the roof. Q query select sets Set of objects that are selected in a query or queries on the database. R rafters Beams or truss members that support the purlins. raised face The raised area of a flange face that is the gasket sealing surface between two mating flanges. reactance 1) The imaginary part of impedance. 2) Opposition to the flow of alternating electric current caused by the inductance and capacitance in a circuit. rebar A term for steel reinforcing bars that are used to reinforce concrete. rectangular bar A structural shape referring to a four-sided solid bar. rectangular tube A structural shape referring to a four-sided hollow member type. reel The quantity of wire wound on a reel. reference data The data that is necessary to design plants or ships using the software. Reference data includes graphical information, such as symbols. It also contains tabular information, such as physical dimensions and piping specifications. reference ports A location on a beam, pipe, or duct that defines the connection relationship between the parts in the assembly and the beam, pipe, or duct. reflect A parameter that affects the placement orientation of member cross sections. At your option, the sections can be placed with their geometry reflected or mirrored about the local section y-axis.
HVAC Glossary reinforced concrete plan A framing plan that identifies all beams and slabs by letter and number. The slab, beam, and bend schedules give all details for preparation and placement (number, size, spacing, bending, and location) of the reinforcing steel. repeatability A process in which re-extracted drawings only change where modifications have been made to the model. When a drawing is re-extracted, the software recalls the repeated data to avoid changing drawing split points and part, weld, and spool numbers. resistance That physical property of an element, device, branch, network, or system that is the factor by which the mean-square conduction current must be multiplied to give the corresponding power lost by dissipation as heat or as other permanent radiation or loss of electromagnetic energy from the circuit. resource estimation Rough estimate of material, manpower, and facility utilization for the design and construction of the plant. retaining wall A structural wall, either gravity or cantilever, used to hold back dirt or other materials. revision cloud A set of arcs used to enclose changes that have occurred since the last revision. route 1) A line connecting a series of points in space and constituting a proposed or traveled route. 2) The set of links and junctions joined in series to establish a connection. rule-based joint A feature that enables you to offset the work point of two members that intersect at a node. The rules vary depending on the structural type, member orientation, and construction practices. Ruled joints are typically used when a connection detail calls for the physical member ends to be noncoincident with the centerline of an intersection member. run Line or a portion of a line with no change in material properties or purpose. S saddle The multi-curved shape that appears when a pipe section is connected to another pipe section. HVAC Users Guide 131
HVAC Glossary sag ties Tie rods between purlins in the plane of a roof, used to carry the component of the roof load parallel to the roof. Tie rods are used to support girts. SAISC (South African Institute of Steel Construction) An organization responsible for defining South African steel construction standards. scenario Part of the requirements documentation providing detailed descriptions of a set of functionality placed in the context of a user performing a task. Scenarios establish a set of function points that the software must include. schedule A system for indicating the wall thickness of a pipe. The higher the schedule number, the thicker the wall for a certain pipe size. schema A database that creates the structure of another database. For example, a schema specifies the queries, tables, fields, and data types in a database. schema update utility Functionality used to assist in processing existing product models to an updated database structure after users modify or add to the database structure. scope document Part of the requirements documentation providing a high level view of the functionality that a user task contains. A use case describes the detailed functionality. seal weld A weld that seals or prevents leakage from a joint but does not contribute to the strength of the joint. secondary member A member that is not a significant load-bearing member. section A structural member whose parameters are defined in a table. section name An alphanumeric code used to refer to a particular member in a table; for example W18X35. section orientation The position of physical member cress section relative to the physical member local coordinate system.
HVAC Glossary section table A library of standard structural shapes containing the necessary parametric properties of each section size, such as depth, width, and inertias. session Series of commands or functions that you carry out in a document. service The conductors and equipment for delivering electric energy from the secondary distribution or street main, or other distribution feeder, or from the transformer, to the wiring system of the premises served. shear stiffness A physical member property that indicates whether to include shear stiffness in the analytical element stiffness matrix of a member. shear walls A wall designed to resist lateral loading from winds, underground disturbances, or blasts. shield As normally applied to instrumentation cables, refers to metallic sheath (usually copper or aluminum), applied over the insulation of a conductor or conductors for the purpose of reducing electrostatic coupling between the conductors, which may be susceptible to or which may be generating unwanted electrostatic fields. shop drawings Drawings prepared for shop personnel to fabricate structural members. Usually includes fabrication details and a bill of materials. shell structure External portion of the surface of the plant. side-wall pressure The crushing force exerted on a cable during installation. site The top level in the Project Management hierarchy. A Site configuration may contain several Catalogs, each shared by multiple Plants. site administrator Person responsible for managing the standards and general parameters for a given plant site within a Site database.
HVAC Glossary site setup Functionality associated with establishing a new plant site or hull for design development. sketch and trace User interface for rough definition of a required design feature that typically works in a 2-D mode. skewed member A structural member that is not at right angles to its connecting members. slab A flat concrete area usually reinforced with wire mesh and rebar. slope The degree of incline of a roof, expressed as a ratio of the vertical rise to the horizontal run. span A group of contiguous physical members that are not intersected by a brace- or column-type physical member. specials An option category that allows you to control specialized calculations for equipment trim, repeatability, and center-of-gravity. specific Unique object that resides in a catalog or library that a user can reference. See also generic specific and specific object. specific energy Depth of flow plus velocity head. specific object Object with properties that are fully defined but lacking a usage context (occurrence); for example, a part that has a complete definition including make and model number. See also specific. specifications Contracted requirements for the plant. splice (electrical) The physical connection of two or more conductors to provide electrical continuity.
HVAC Glossary splice (structure) To fasten together two physical members, usually columns end-to-end, to form a single continuing length. split A feature that represents a break and a joint in the piping, for example, butt-weld, coupling, flange set, union, and so forth. spool A prefabricated portion of a piping system that is an assembly of fittings, flanges, and pipe. A spool does not include bolts, gaskets, valves, or instruments. station User-defined point with a unique name on an object, such as a trunk, that identifies where other objects can pass through it; also called route numbers. steel reinforced concrete An association of concrete and steel where the concrete is there to stand the compression forces and the steel the traction forces. The resulting structure can withstand traction and flexion. stem A rod that transmits the motion from the operator to the closure element of the valve. stiffener An angle, plate, or channel fastened to a member to prevent buckling. stress Forces acting on structural members due to various types of loads. These forces can be shear, tension, compression, or torsion. stringer A longitudinal member used to support loads directly. structure analysis Analysis routines that provide stress and deflection data for structural designs. Loading conditions can be both static and dynamic. Finite element analysis is the most common type of structure analysis. strut A compression member in a framework.
HVAC Glossary style Appearance of geometry and annotations on the drawing sheet (for example, color and line weight, font used in a text box, and so forth); collection of formats or properties that you name and store as a group. When you apply a style to a selected object, the software applies all the formats or properties in the style to the object. The style types include: fill, dimension, line, and text. stud A bolt, threaded on both ends, used to connect components. support assembly A grouping of individual parts, such as beam clamps, rods, and pipe clamps, that comprise a support. suspended floor A concrete floor system built above and off the ground. switchgear A general term covering switching and interrupting devices and their combination with associated control, metering, protective, and regulating devices; also assemblies of these devices with associated interconnections, accessories, enclosures and supporting structures, used primarily in connection with the generation, transmission, distribution, and conversion of electric power. symbol key (SKEY) A code for a symbol on an isometric drawing. For example, FLSO is the SKEY for a slip on flange. symmetric node Type of vertex on a curve. A curve with a symmetric node has the same curvature on each side of the node. A handle can be attached to a symmetric node for editing. system A conceptual design grouping that organizes parts in hierarchical relationships. A system represents a functional view of the model and includes information such as system name, type, properties, and design specifications for the objects assigned to the system. T tag number User-specific, unique number assigned to an object (for example, CV-101 for a control valve, HE-2002 for a heat exchanger). target point The origin for coordinate measurements displayed by PinPoint. You can position the target point anywhere on the drawing sheet or view. 136 HVAC Users Guide
HVAC Glossary task Various design environments in the software application; an ActiveX object that you can plug into an application framework that represents a set of commands, toolbars, ribbons, and views necessary to perform a set of functionality. Previously called applet and user environment. task area Area of the workspace that displays the list of currently available tasks. terminal block An insulating base equipped with terminals for connecting secondary and control wiring. tilt-up walls Concrete walls that are poured in forms on the ground and then tilted up into place by cranes or hoists. toolsets A set of commands along with related user interface components for users to create, manipulate, review, and delete objects. The interface components include menu items, toolbars, ribbons, and dialog boxes. transition A cross-section type that results in a tapered length of member and involves a gradual change in section size. See also uniform. trim A common term that refers to the working parts of a valve and the associated materials. trunk Feature that quickly reserves space for the distributive systems and other systems that have a path. Along the trunk are stations that define the cross section and identify part or system membership. truss A rigid framed structure consisting of straight members joined to form a pattern of interconnecting triangles for carrying loads. turn A feature that represents an angular change in direction of a pipe run; for example, an elbow or an angle valve. U update rule The rule for a drawing view style that determines when to update the view. HVAC Users Guide 137
HVAC Glossary uniform A cross-section type that results in a uniform length of member and involves an abrupt change in section size. See also transition. unit/module modeler Facility of the system to structure collections of equipment and components into a single identifiable object. user attributes A customized property in the reference data. The Custom Interfaces sheets in the Excel workbooks define these properties. You can list the customized properties on the individual part class sheets. V valve A component used to control the flow of fluid contained in a pipeline. version control Ability of the system to manage multiple versions of a single part of the design. Version control should support conditional analysis and promotion status, as well as alternate design features among hulls within a plant site. viewer Graphic or non-graphic views of the query results of select sets. Examples include a 3-D graphic view, a tree view showing the system hierarchy, or even a report on the selected objects. viewset Set of objects (usually a subset of the entire database) that a view operation uses. Membership or lack of membership for any object in a viewset does not affect the actual stored representation of the object, but only its availability or desirability for viewing in the current scenario. voltage drop The difference of voltages at the two terminals of a passive impedance. W web The center section separating the flanges of an I-section, tee, or channel. weight and CG analysis Routines that compute the weight of commodity materials as configured in a given design (for example, plate and pipe) and determine total weight and center of gravity (CG) for a collection of material and equipment, as well as the complete plant.
HVAC Glossary welding Weld requirements for joining materials. Welding length analysis is the calculation of required weld dimensions; also called leg length analysis. wire A slender rod or filament of drawn metal. wireways Sheet-metal troughs with hinged or removable covers for housing and protecting electric wires and cables and in which conductors are laid in place after the wireway has been installed as a complete system. wizard Software routine attached to an application that provides guidance and expert help to a user to complete one of the functionalities of the application. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The composition of the plant based on the construction work to be completed. The plant occupies the top level of the hierarchy, followed by projects, contracts, and documents. work content Estimation development of metrics from the database that relates to the work hour content of the various construction units. work order Plant authorization for completing work; synonymous with a job order. working plane The available 2-D plane of movement for endpoint selection. workset Set of objects (usually a subset of the entire database) used in an interactive change, add, or delete operation. Membership or lack of membership for any object in a workset does not necessarily affect the actual stored representation of an object. However, you can change or delete an object in a workset that also results in a change or deletion of the stored object. Similarly, when you add a new object (not currently stored) to a workset, the software also adds the object container. workspace Area that represents the portion of the plant data needed to perform the intended task and includes the user modeling settings. workspace document Document into which you can extract a portion of the plant data for a user task.
HVAC Glossary Workspace Explorer Tree or list representation of objects in your workspace. X X-section Cross section; a graphically placed cross section representing the member section size. Y yield strength The stress beyond which a material sustains permanent deformation.
Index
Index
adding features, 34 alignment, 40 along leg features, 74 properties, 74 applying filters, 17 assigning default values, 88 properties, 88 branch features modifying, 62 branch type, 31, 32 butt welds, 37 center of gravity, 95 centerline, 29, 30, 31, 32 choosing feature properties, 65 planes, 33 common tabs, 66 cross sections, 67 definition, 68 occurrence, 69 component properties, 81 components inline, 43 inserting surface-mounted, 45 configuration properties tab, 66 connecting into component end, 29 nozzle, 29 Connections tab, 81 copying, 49 created by, 66 cross sections, 23, 67 default duct properties, 88 Defaults tab, 72 definitions, 68 deleting features, 64 duct flow, 91 duct parts, 71 duct runs creating, 23 properties, 23 Duct runs general properties, 70 duct select, 17 duct weight, 95 duct,routing, 19, 23 ducts, 71 active, 30, 31 existing, 30, 31 routing, 23 ductss, 71 Edit ribbon end features, 55 in-line components, 59 split features, 56 straight features, 51 surface mounted components, 59 transition features, 57 turn features, 53 end features, 26, 28, 75 editing, 55 modifying, 61 estimating flow rate, 91, 94 features, 26, 28 adding to duct run, 34 deleting, 64 modifying, 50, 60 moving, 47 routing to and from, 18 filters, 17 flange sets, 37 Flow Calculator, 91 Flow Calculator dialog box, 93 flow rate, 94 flow rate estimation, 93 General tab, 70, 74, 78, 82 hoods, 43 HVAC overview, 14 What's New, 12 inline component features modifying, 63 in-line components editing, 59 insert component, 83 Insert Component ribbon, 41 Insert In-line Component, 41 Insert Split, 36, 76 Insert Split ribbon, 36 Insert Surface Mount Component, 83, 84 Insert Surface Mount Component ribbon, 44 Insert Transition, 36, 38, 76 Insert Transition ribbon, 38 inserting inline components, 43 splits, 37 surface-mounted component, 45 transitions, 40 inserting transitions, 78 inside the flange length, 25 locate filter, 16 minimum straight length, 25
Index
miter bends, 88 modified by, 66 modifying branch features, 62 component settings, 85 end features, 61 features, 50, 60 inline component features, 63 split features, 63 straight features, 60 transition features, 62 turn features, 61 moving features, 47 New Duct Run command, 22 notes properties tab, 68 nozzles routing, 25 occurrences, 69 overview common property tabs, 66 overviews editing properties, 16 HVAC, 14 ownership transferring, 66 parent systems, 88 pasting, 49 permission groups, 66 PinPoint, 31, 32 planes choosing, 33 plenums, 43 preface, 6 properties, 22 along leg features, 74 choosing run and feature, 65 common tabs, 66 component features, 82 configuration, 66 cross section, 86, 87 default duct, 88 defaults, 72 duct, 71 duct part, 71 duct run, 70 editing, 16 end features, 75 modify component, 85 notes, 68 relationships, 69 straight features, 77, 79 turn features, 79 relationships properties tab, 69 ribbon Insert Component, 41 Insert Split, 36 Route Duct command, 19 Route Duct ribbon, 19 routing, 86, 87, 88 duct, 19, 23 duct runs, 86, 87, 88 to and from features, 18 routing mode, 34 select duct run, 23 select part, 42 selecting, 86, 87, 88 cross section settings, 86, 87 duct run settings, 88 items, 16 split settings, 89 transition settings, 90 settings choosing run and feature, 95 transitions, 90 sleeves, 37 SmartLocate, 31, 32 socket joints, 37 split features editing, 56 modifying, 63 splits inserting, 37 selecting settings, 89 standalone mode, 34 status, 66 straight features, 26, 77, 79 editing, 51 modifying, 60 surface mounted components editing, 59 surface-mounted component, 83, 84 surface-mounted components, 83 terminal boxes, 43 transferring ownership, 66 transition features, 26, 28, 38 editing, 57 modifying, 62 transitions inserting, 40 turn features, 26, 28, 79 editing, 53 modifying, 61 turns, 88 weight of ducts, 95 What's New HVAC, 12 working planes, 33, 40
Index

User's Guide: Version 2007 (7.0) January 2007 DSP3D-PE-200017G

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview ................................................................18 Route Duct Command ................................................................................................19

Insert Transition Command ........................................................................................38

Insert In-line Component Command ..........................................................................41

Insert Surface Mount Component Command .............................................................44

Moving Features: An Overview......................................................................................47

HVAC Users Guide 3

Duct Run Properties Dialog Box ................................................................................70

Duct Along Leg Feature Properties Dialog Box.........................................................74

Duct End Feature Properties Dialog Box ...................................................................75

Duct Split Feature Properties Dialog Box ..................................................................76

Duct Straight Feature Properties Dialog Box .............................................................77

Duct Transition Feature Properties Dialog Box .........................................................78

Duct Turn Feature Properties Dialog Box ..................................................................79

Duct Component Properties Dialog Box ....................................................................81 4 HVAC Users Guide

Insert Component Properties Dialog Box...................................................................82

Insert Surface Mount Component Properties Dialog Box..........................................83

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SmartPlant 3D Documentation Set

HVAC Users Guide 7

Reference Data Guides

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HVAC Users Guide 11

What's New in HVAC

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HVAC Users Guide 13

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HVAC Users Guide 15

Selecting Objects: An Overview

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview

Routing To or From Features: An Overview

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview

Route Duct Command

Route Duct Ribbon

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview Tip

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview

New Duct Run Dialog Box

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview

Select Duct Run Dialog Box

Select System Dialog Box

Create a New Duct Run in Free Space

4. Optionally, click Properties

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview

Route a New Duct from a Nozzle or End

4. Place the end point for the duct run. Notes

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Routing To or From Features: An Overview

Route a Duct from a Transition End

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