Concrete Technology (9021)

Experiment No.1

EXPERIMENT NO : 1
1.0 TITLE:
To determine fineness of cement Preferably by Blain Air Permeability or by hand sieving.

2.0

PRIOR CONCEPTS:
Types of cement, chemical composition of cement, physical properties of cement, specific surface area.

3.0

NEW CONCEPTS
Proposition 1 : Fineness of cement Fineness of cement is a measure of size of particle of cement. It is expressed as specific surface of cement (in sq. cm /gm). Concept structure:

4.0

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Intellectual Skills: 1. To develop ability to discriminate between cement with and without fineness as per I. S. 269 1978. Motor Skills 1. Ability to sieve. 2 Ability to weight.

5.0

APPARATUS AND MATERIALS:

Fineness of cement by, 1. Sieve method: 2. Blain Air Permeability method: Apparatus: 1. I.S. 90 m sieve with receiving pan and covering lid, weighing balance accurate up to 0.1 gm, trowel and brush and tray etc. 2. Blain Air Permeability apparatus . Materials: 1. Cement sample

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Concrete Technology (9021)

Experiment No.1

6.0

DIAGRAMS

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Concrete Technology (9021)

Experiment No.1

7.0

STEPWISE PROCEDURE:
1. Calculate the bulk volume of compacted bed of standard cement

Where WA= gms of, mercury required to fill the permeability cell WB= gms of mercury required to fill the portion of the cell not occupied by the bed of cement formed by 2.8 gms of standard cement sample . D= Density of mercury at temperature of test. 2. Determine the weight of the standard sample ( W) required to produce a bed having porosity of 0.500 0.005 (e) as follows: W = 3.15V(1-e) Where V = Bulk volume of compacted cement powder And e = Desired porosity of bed of cement (0.500 0.005) 3. Determine the time taken by the manometer liquid to fall from second mark from the top to the third mark on the, manometer when air is allowed to permeate through the compacted cement 4. Calculate the constant of the apparatus (k) by using the following formula

Where Ss is the fineness of standard portland cement in Sq. cm/gm. 5. Using the same quantity (w) of the cement sample find the time (Ts) in seconds required for the manometer liquid fall from second mark to third mark 6. Calculate the specific surface of cement in Sq. cm/gm using the form

Sieving method: 1. Weigh accurately 100 gms of cement and place it on a I. S. 90 m sieve. Breakdown any air set lumps in the sample with fingers, without rubbing them on the sieve( W ) 2. Continuously sieve the sample for 15 minutes by holding the sieve in both hands and giving wrist motion. 3. Weighs the residue left on the sieve after sieving ( W1)

8.0

OBSERVATIONS:
Blaine's air permeability method : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Weight of empty crucible Weight of crucible + mercury filling permeability cell Weight of mercury filling cell (WA) = (ii) - (i) Weight of crucible + mercury filling portion above cement bed Weight of mercury filling cell above cement bed of 2.80 gm of standard cement (WB) = (iv) - (i) = . . . = .. .. . = . . = .. = ...

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Concrete Technology (9021)

Experiment No.1

6.

Temperature of the laboratory

= C

For fineness of cement:

9.0

CALCULATIONS:
W1 ---------- x 100 = W

10.0 B.I S. REQUIREMENTS:

1. As per I. S. 269 the residue of cement sampled on the sieve 90 micron after sieving should not exceed .following % by weight for different types of cements. Ordinary Portland cement 10% Rapid hardening cement 5% Low heat cement 5% As per I. S. 269 the specific surface area of cement sample should not exceed following for different types of cement. Ordinary Portland cement 2250 sq. cm per gm Rapid hardening cement 3250 sq. cm per gm Low heat cement 3250 sq. cm per gm

2.

11.0 CONCLUSION:
The fineness of the given sample of cement is --------- (within / not within) the limit specified by I. S.

12.0 QUESTIONS:
Write Answers to QQQQ. .Q( The Question No. to be allotted by teacher ) 1. State the raw materials used in manufacturing of cement. 2. Name the chemical constituents of cements. 3. Why is gypsum added to cement during its manufacture? Give reasons. 4. Which method is widely used to determine the fineness of cement? 5. What will happen if cement is ground beyond certain limit? Give reasons. 6. How surface area is related to rate of hydration? 7. What is the effect on physical properties of cement, if the residue of cement on I.S. 90 m sieve is greater than 10% for OPC? 8. Which type of cement is required for Marine structure, Chimney of factory, Canal lining? 9. State the meaning of specific surface area of cement.

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Concrete Technology (9021)

Experiment No.1

10. 11. 12.

State precautions to be taken while performing dry sieving test on cement.? State meaning of ''Grade 53'' printed on the cement bag.? Write the label of cement bag. ( Space for answers)

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Concrete Technology (9021)

Experiment No.1

( Space for answers)

Signature of teacher

MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION