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16671E33CP 8ASER C.++UNICATI.N UNIT I INTR.2UCTI.N T. 8ASER C.++UNICATI.NS 9

Atmospheric low loss windows, optical sources and detectors for these windows, Characteristics of source and detectors. Optical transmitting and receiving antennas. UNIT II SYSTE+ 2ESIGN 9 Link equation, Transmitter terminal, Antenna design, Antenna gain, Beam width, C !, Optical detectors, Optical modulation formats, "eriving error statistics, #ignal requirements for acquisition and tracking, $undamentals of s%stem design. UNIT III SE+IC.N2UCT.R AN2 +ETA8 8ASER S.URCES :.R SATE88ITE C.++UNICATI.NS 9 &erformance and 'eometries, output wavelength control, #emiconductor laser lifetime, "irect and indirect modulation techniques and radiation effects. UNIT IV .PTICA8 RECEIVERS AN2 SYSTE+ 2ESIGN 9 "irect detection, coherent detection and demodulation. 'im(als in transceiver design, )eceiver options and optics* Lasers* antennas Telescope, +nternal optical s%stems, Transmitter anal%sis. UNIT V 8ASER 0EA+ P.INTING C.NTR.8 9 Acquisition and Tracking s%stems, #%stem description, Acquisition methodolog%, racking and pointing control s%stem, )$ cross link s%stem design, link equation. T.TA85 )5 PERI.2S RE:ERENCES5 ,. -orris .at/man, 0Laser #atellite Communications1, &rentice 2all +nc, !ew 3ork, ,44,. 5. 6. $ran/ and 7...6ain, 0Optical Communication #%stems1, !arosa &u(lication, !ew "elhi, ,448.

UNIT I PART A ,. List out the advantages of Laser communication. 5. Compare the )$ s%stem and Laser communication s%stem 9. -ention the different t%pes of laser sources availa(le in Laser communication. 8. :hat are the deficiencies of co5 laser; <. -ention the atmospheric low loss windows. =. :hat are the different methods of detection used in optical )eceiver; >. :hat is meant (% heterod%ne detection; ?. :hat are the advantages of direct detection; 'ive e@ample for direct detection. 4. Compare homod%ne detection and heterod%ne detection; ,A. :hat is diode laser; ,,. :h% laser sources preferred over LB"; PART 0 ,. "iscuss the characteristics of principal candidate laser sources and photo detectors 5. "raw the Block diagram of Laser communication. B@plain the concept of optical )eceiver. 9. "escri(e the optical transmitting and receiving antennas

UNIT II
PART - A ,. -ention the link equation 5. :hat is pumping; 9. :hat are the different t%pes of 'as laser; 8. :rite short notes on solid state laser; <. :hat is frequenc% dou(ler; =. :hat is the (asic mechanism (ehind the Laser; >. :hat is Birefringence modulator; ?. :hat are the two control methods used in optical modulators; 4. :hat is cavit% dumping; ,A. :hat is CDswitching;

,,. :hat are the different antenna geometrics used in Laser communication; ,5. -ention the onDa@is gain of cassegrainian dish. ,9. "efine antenna (eam width ,8. "efine antenna gain ,<. "efine strehl ratio ,=. :hat is meant (% space loss; ,>. :hat is the function of optical detector; ,?. :hat are the sources for dark noise; ,4 -ention the t%pes of optical detector 5A. -ention the merits and demerits of photomultiplier tupe 5,. :hat are the different modulation formats; 55. :hat is pulse polari/ation modulation; 59. :hat is pulse gated modulation; 58. :rite short notes on pulse interval modulation; 5<. -ention the ideal o(server condition PART - 0 ,. "iscuss in detail a(out the cavit% dumping and CDswitching with neat diagram 5. B@plain the transmitter terminal of laser communication with neat diagram; 9. :hat is optical detector; B@plain the different t%pes optical detector with neat diagram 8. :rite notes on transmitting and receiving antenna. <. B@plain in detail the different modulation formats with neat diagram. =. "erive the pro(a(ilit% of error for &'B-, &&B-, and &+B>. "iscuss in detail the signal requirements for acquisition and tracking; ?. :rite notes on fundamentals of s%stem design; UNIT III PART - A ,. :h% the semiconductor lasers are the ideal light source for optical transmitter; 5. -ention the merits and application of Al'aAs diodes; 9. :hat is inde@ guided laser;

8. :hat is e@ternal differential quantum efficienc%; <. -ention different t%pes of semiconductor laser =. :hat is gainDinduced inde@ change;; >. :hat are "$B and ")B lasers; ?. :hat are the different laser aging mechanisms; 4. :hat is a dark line defect; ,A. :hat are the s%mptoms of failure; ,, :hat is rela@ation oscillation in lasers; ,5 :hat is space loss; ,9. "efine responsivit% of optical receiver. ,8. :hat are the sources for dark noise; ,<. :hat are the different t%pes of optical detector; ,=. -ention the merits and demerits of photomultiplier tu(e; ,>. -ention the different t%pes of optical modulation formats ,?. :rite short notes on pulse interval modulation; ,4. :hat is pulse polari/ation modulation; 5A. :hat is pulse gated (inar% modulation; 5,. "efine ideal o(server condition PART -0 ,. +n detail e@plain the ph%sics (ehind the semiconductor lasers used in satellite links. 'ive the appropriate diagrams 5. B@plain the performance and geometrics of inde@ guided laser. 9. B@plain in detail the output wavelength control of semiconductor laser 8. "iscuss the various direct and indirect modulation techniques <. B@plain with neat diagram the semiconductor laser aging mechanism and characteristics

UNIT IV PART - A ,. :hat are the different wa%s to detect the presence of light; 5. :hat is direct detection; 9. :hat is coherent detection; 8. :hat is noise factor; <. :hat is noise equivalent power E!B&F; =. :hat is efficienc% of modulation; >. :here the coherent detection is used practicall%; ?. :hat is heterod%ne detection; 4. :hat is conversion gain; ,A. :hat is circuit gain; ,,. :hat are the draw(acks in gim(aled flat; ,5. :hat is the different optical isolation method; ,9. :hat is half field of view; ,8. :hat is vignetting; ,<. :rite short notes on 'aAlAs laser; ,=. :hat are the functions of internal optical s%stem; ,>. "efine magnification; ,?. :hat are 'im(als in transceiver design; PART -0 ,. B@plain in detail the direct detection; and derive the signal to noise ratio for direct detection 5. B@plain in detail the coherent detection and derive EiF -a@imum efficienc% of the heterod%ne receiver EiiF Carrier noise to ratio EiiiF #ignal to noise ratio EivF2eterod%ne conversion gain

9. B@plain in detail the 'im(als in transceiver design 8. B@plain in detail the receiver position and optics in laser communication <. :rite detailed notes on Antenna telescope used in optical receiver =. :rite details notes on (eam com(iner for 'aAsAl lasers >. B@plain in detail the internal optical s%stem of transceivers ?. :rite detailed notes on optical transmitter anal%sis UNIT V PART - A ,. "raw the schematic diagram of a lasercom rela% network 5. :hat is AT& technolog%; 9. :hat is the need for acquisition s%stem; 8. :hat are the components of coarse sheering 'im(als assem(l%; <. :hat are the different functional (locks in lasercom su(s%stem; =. :hat is the function of acquisition detector; >. -ention the function of lasercom s%stem central processor. ?. -ention different scanning techniques 4. -ention the conditions required on acquisition ,A. :rite down the link equation for )$ s%stem; ,,. :hat is B+)&; ,5. :hat is the advantages of +mpatt diodes; PART -0 ,. B@plain in detail acquisition and tracking s%stems; 5. B@plain in detail the tracking and pointing control s%stem; 9. :rite detailed notes on acquisition methodolog% 8. "iscuss in detail the lasercom su(s%stem for a space (orne communication link <. B@plain in detail the link equation for )$ s%stem with neat diagram; =. B@plain in detail the different modulation schemes for )$ s%stem;