B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBERIDECEMBER 2005.

Sixth Semester Mechanical Engineering ME 340 - HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER Time: Three hours Maximum: 100 marks

(Use of HMT Data Hand Book and Steam Tables Permitted) Answer ALL questions. PART A - (10 x 2 = 20 marks) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Define fin efficiency and fin effectiveness. List down the three types of boundary conditions. What do you understand by black body and grey body? Define radiosity and emissive power. Indicate the concept of boundary layer. Define Nusselt number and Stanton number. What do you understand by filmwise and dropwise condensation? How are heat exchangers classified based on flow arrangement? State Fick's law of diffusion and mention its importance. Define mass concentration and molal concentration. PART B - (5 x 16 = 80 marks) 11. (i) A composite wall consists of 10 cm thick layer of brick, k = 0.7 W/mK and 3 cm. thick plaster, k = 0.5 W/mK. An insulating material of k = 0.08 W/mK is to be added to reduce the heat transfer through the wall by 40%. Find its thickness. An aluminium plate (k = 160 W/m'C, p = 2790 kg/M3, cp = 0.88 kJ/kgOC) of thickness L = 3 cm and at a uniform temperature of 225' C is suddenly immersed at time t = 0 in a well stirred fluid maintained at a constant temperature T,, = 25' C. Take h = 320 W/M2'C . Determine the time required for the center of the plate to reach 50' C.

(8)

(ii)

(8)

12. (a)

(i) (ii)

Explain absorptivity, reflectivity and transmissivity. Two large parallel planes at 800 K and 600 K have emissivities of 0.5 and 0.8 respectively. A radiation shield having an emissivity of 0.1 on one side and an emissivity of 0.05 on the other side is placed between the plates. Calculate the heat transfer rate by radiation per square meter with and without the radiation shield. Comment on the results. Or

(6)

(10)

(b)

(i)

Determine the view factors F,- 2 and F2 -1 for the figure shown below. (8)

(ii) 13, (a) (i)

Discuss the radiation characteristics of carbon dioxide and water vapour. Consider laminar hydrodynamically fully developed couette flow (that is flow between parallel plates) fluid being viscous. The upper plate at temperature T2 moves with a velocity U while the lower plate at T, less than T2 is stationary. The distance between the plates is w. Write the appropriate governing flow and energy equations for the above and hence obtain expressions for the velocity and temperature profiles across the flow.

(8)

(12)

(ii)

Air at 20'C is flowing along a heated plat at 134'C at a velocity of 3 m/s. The plate is 2 m long and 1.5 m wide. Calculate the thickness of the hydrodynamic boundary layer and the skin friction coefficient at 40 em from the leading edge of the plate. The kinematic viscosity of air at 20' C is 15.06 X10-6 M2 /S Or

(4)

(b)

(i) (ii)

Distinguish between free and forced convection giving examples. (4) A steam pipe 10 cm OD runs horizontally in a room at 23' C. Take outside temperature of pipe as 165 ' C. Determine the heat loss per unit length of the pipe. Pipe surface temperature reduces to 80' C with 1.5 cm insulation. What is the reduction in heat loss? Discuss the various regimes of pool boiling heat transfer.

(12) (8)

14. (a)

(i) (ii)

An aluminium pan of 15 cm diameter is used to boil water and the water depth at the time of boiling is 2.5 cm. The pan is placed on an electric stove and the heating element raises the temperature of the pan to 110' C. Calculate the power input for boiling and the rate of evaporation. Take C,,f. = 0.0132. (8) Or

(b)

(i) (ii)

Describe the principle of parallel flow and counter flow heat exchangers showing the axial temperature distribution.

(8)

A parallel flow heat exchanger has hot and cold water stream running through it, the flow rates are 10 and 25 kg/min respectively. Inlet temperatures are 75' C and 25' C on hot and cold sides. The exit temperature on the hot side should not exceed 50' C. Assume hi = ho = 600 WIM2 K. Calculate the area of heat exchanger using c -NTU approach. (8)

15. (a)

Atmospheric air at 40' C flows over a wet bulb thermometer and it shows 25' C. Calculate the concentration of water vapour in the free stream and also its relative humidity. Take D (air-water) = 0.256 X 10-4M2 IS. If temperatures of dry and wet bulb are 30" C and 25' C respectively. What would be the corresponding values? (16) Or

(b)

(i)

A mixture of 02 and N2 with their partial pressures in the ratio 0.21 to 0.79 is in a container at 25' C. Calculate the molar concentration, the mass density, the mole fraction and the mass fraction of each species for a total pressure of 1 bar. What would be the average molecular weight of the mixture? (8) Discuss the analogy between heat and mass transfer. (8)

(ii)