UNIVERSITY OF PORTSMOUTH

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING LEVEL 4 TUTORIAL SHEET....ENERGY

1.
The work done to lift a 30 kg mass is 4 kJ. If the mass is at rest before and after its elevation, how high will it go? [13.6 m ]

2.

a) A force of 130 N is used to lift a stationary 12 kg mass to a height of 8 m. How much work is done on the mass? Neglecting the effect of air resistance, what will be the final speed? [1040 J, 4 m/s] b) A force of 130 N is used to push a 12 kg stationary mass on a horizontal frictionless surface for a distance of 8 m. How much work is done and what is the final speed? . [1040 J, 13.17 m/s] A weightlifter raises a 150 kg barbell a height of 2.2 m in 0.8 s. What is his average power output? [4 kW] An aircraft engine produces a power output of 7500 hp when cruising in level flight at 240m/s. What is the thrust produced by the engine?

3.

4.

[23.3 kN]

5.

A ball of mass 0.2 kg is thrown vertically upwards and reaches a height of 3.2 m. Ignoring air resistance, calculate: a) the potential energy the ball has gained when it reaches the top of its flight, b) the kinetic energy the ball gains in falling back to the ground c) the speed of the ball just before it hits the ground, d) the acceleration of the ball as it is falling. e) the force acting on the ball as it is falling. [6.28 J] [6.28 J ] [7.9 m/s] 2 [9.81 m/s ] [1.96 N]

6.

A car of mass 980 kg is accelerated from 0 to 100 km/h in 10 s. Assuming the acceleration to be uniform, calculate: a) b) c) d) the acceleration of the car. the force applied to the car, the work done, the power expended. [2.8 m/s ] [2.72 kN] [378 kJ] [37.8 kW]
2

The car is powered by a petrol engine, burning fuel of calorific value 45 MJ/kg. Assuming that the efficiency of the engine remains constant at 25%, calculate the mass of fuel used. If petrol costs 3 140 p/litre and the density of petrol is 740 kg/m , calculate the petrol cost in accelerating the car. [0.0336 kg, 6.36p]

7.

A trolley bus of mass 10 tonne is accelerated from 0 to 50 km/h in 20 s. Assuming the acceleration is uniform, calculate: a) the acceleration. b) the force applied. c) the work done, [0.695 m/s ] [6.95 kN] [964 kJ]
2

JVF

September 2012

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d) the power expended, [48.22 kW] e) the cost of electricity, assuming the motor efficiency is 75% and electricity costs 10 p per kWh. [3.6 p] f) the cost - if the bus had a diesel engine, using diesel fuel with calorific value 45.9 MJ/kg, density 0.830 kg/litre, 145 p/litre cost and engine thermal efficiency = 35% [10.48p]

8.

A high efficiency electric light bulb has a power consumption of 20 W, a life of 12 000 h and costs 3.95. A halogen bulb has a power consumption of 70 W, a life of 2 000 h and costs 2.95 p. Estimate the saving in money over the life of the high efficiency bulb, if electricity costs 10 p per kWh. [73.75] An engine in a motor car produces a power output of 20kW when travelling at a constant speed of 25 m/s along a flat level road. Its engine efficiency is 30% and it burns diesel having a calorific value of 43 MJ/kg. The density of the fuel is 0.832 litre/kg Neglecting any other losses, calculate: (i) the force exerted by the wheels to overcome the various drag forces (ii) the mass of fuel consumed per hour (iii) the volume of fuel consumed per hour [800 N] [5.58 kg] [6.71 litre]

9.

. 10. A boat is travelling at a constant speed of 8 m/s. The engine develops a power output of 20 kW. Calculate the force exerted on the water by the propeller. [2.5 kN]

11. A car having a mass of 1200 kg moves up an incline at a steady speed of 15 m/s, such that it climbs 1 m for every 10 m along the incline. The combined resistance [drag] force is 600 N. Calculate the power output from the engine neglecting any transmission losses. [26.7 kW]

12. A 0.2 kg ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 15 m/s. It reaches a height of 10 m. Calculate the loss of energy due to air resistance. [2.9 J]

13. A car has a maximum power output of 20 kW and a total mass of 1500 kg. What will be its maximum speed when it ascends a maximum incline of 10 % [1 vertical for 10 horizontal] assuming: a) no resistance forces [13.3 m/s] b) a constant resistance of 1 kN [8 m/s]

JVF

September 2012

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