APPENDIX

Tables of True and Apparent

Dip, Slope Angles, Gradients
and Per Cent Slope

Table of true and apparent dip

True dip

Angle between strike and direction of section

80

75

70

65

60

55

50

45

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

9
14
19
24
28
33
38
43
48
53
58
64
69
74
79
85

9
14
18
23
28
32
37
42
47
52
58
63
69
74
79
84

9
13
18
22
27
31
36
41
46
51
56
62
68
73
78
84

8
12
17
21
25
30
35
39
44
49
55
60
67
72
78
84

8
12
16
20
24
28
33
37
42
48
53
59
65
71
77
83

7
10
14
18
22
26
31
35
40
45
51
57
63
69
76
83

6
10
13
17
20
24
28
33
37
43
48
54
60
67
75
82

6
9
12
15
18
22
26
30
34
39
45
51
58
65
73
81

5
8
10
13
16
19
23
27
31
36
41
46
54
62
71
80

4
6
9
11
14
16
20
23
27
31
36
42
49
58
67
78

3
5
7
9
11
13
16
19
22
26
30
36
43
52
63
76

3
4
5
7
9
10
12
15
17
20
24
29
35
44
56
71

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
14
17
20
25
33
45
63

1
1
2
2
3
4
4
5
6
7
9
11
13
18
26
45

Apparent dip
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85

10
14
19
24
29
34
39
44
49
54
59
64
69
74
80
85

Values for true dip, etc. not stated above may be calculated from:
tan (apparent dip) = tan (true dip sin (angle between strike and direction of section).

Coal Geology, Second Edition. Larry Thomas.

2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

415

416

Coal Geology

Table of dips of strata and of land

surfaces*

Angle of slope
(degrees)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90

Gradient of
slope

Per cent

1:57
1:29
1:19
1:14
1:11.4
1:9.5
1:8.1
1:7.1
1:6.3
1:5.7
1:5.1
1:4.7
1:4.3
1:4.0
1:3.7
1:3.5
1:3.3
1:3.1
1:2.9
1:2.7
1:2.1
1:1.7
1:1.4
1:1.2
1:1.0
1:0.8
1:0.7
1:0.6
1:0.5
1:0.4
1:0.3
1:0.2
1:0.1
1:0

1.7
3.5
5.2
7.0
8.7
10.5
12.3
14.1
15.8
17.6
19.4
21.3
23.1
24.9
26.8
28.7
30.6
32.5
34.4
36.4
46.5
57.7
70.0
83.9
100.0
119.2
142.8
173.2
214.5
274.7
373.2
567.1
1143.0

*These can be expressed in either angles,

gradients or per cent slope. Those values
most commonly encountered are included
in this table.