ANN-assisted Booth Multiplier for Design of Convolutional Encoder for Application in Wireless Communication IICAI 2011, SIT Tumkur

Parismita Gogoi and Kandarpa Kumar Sarma Deptt. of Electronics & Communication Technology Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam Presented by: Parismita Gogoi

Plan of Talk
Introduction Theoretical Background System Model Experimental Details Results Derived Conclusion References
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Block Diagram Of A Digital Communication System

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Requirement Of Channel Coding In Digital Communication

Error performance vs. Bandwidth Transmitted signal power vs. Bandwidth Data rate vs. Bandwidth Channel Capacity vs. Bandwidth

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Convolutional encoder and decoder in a Communication Link

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Basic Definitions Of Convolutional Codes

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Booth Algorithm For Multiplication

Booths algorithm is a popular method for 2s complement multiplication. designed by Andrew D. Booth in 1951

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Artificial Neural Network (ANN)

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System model

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System Model

Figure: Booth multiplier designed using ANN

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ANN specification

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Performance variation after 1000 epochs during training with variation of size of the hidden layer

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Effect on average MSE convergence with variation of activation functions

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Experimental Details

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BER plot for QAM

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BER plot for QPSK

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Improvement in BER in % shown by the ANN-assisted Booth multiplier (16-QAM and QPSK AWGN channel)

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Improvement in BER in % shown by the ANN-assisted Booth multiplier (16-QAM and QPSK Rayleigh Faded channel)

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Improvement in BER in % shown by the ANN-assisted Booth multiplier (16-QAM and QPSK Rician Faded channel)

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Results
For QAM in AWGN channel the improvement in BER due to coding is between 31 38% , For QPSK, this improvement is between 23-39% . The corresponding margins for QAM and QPSK in Rayleigh channel is 15 33% and 21-54% respectively. A similar set of values for QAM and QPSK in Rician channel is found to be between 5-15.6% and 5-23% . This shows that the best performance derived from coding is with QPSK in Rayleigh faded channel which is over 50%. This is significant and justifies the necessity of using Booth Algorithm aided Convolutional coding.
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Comparison of time taken and average accuracy in % for different bit-sizes

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Conclusion
The work here describes a novel approach of designing a Booth multiplier used as part of a Convolutional encoder. The Booth multiplier constituted by several ANNs provides 32 to 60% improvement in processing speed compared to conventional approach of the design. Similarly, the accuracy also improves by 2.1 to 4.2% which is also significant. These two aspects combined with less dependence on hardware makes it suitable for a range of applications including wireless communication.
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Contd.
The drawback is with regards to the initial complexity and tedious work related to the fixing of the ANN configuration. Moreover, for cases greater that 16-bit encoding, the present work will require a bit expansion and re-orientation of the configuration. The entire approach, however, can be made adaptive to suit specific encoding-transmit cases.
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References
Kalita S. , Gogoi P., Sarma K.K.: Convolutional Coding Using Booth Algorithm for Application in Wireless Communication, International Journal of Electronics Signals and Systems (IJESS), 2011, vol1 (Iss1), pg 37 41. Sklar, B.,: Digital Communication - Fundamental and Application, 2nd ed., Pearson Publication, 2005. Shannon, C. E.: ``A Mathematical Theory of Communication, The Bell System Technical Journal, pp- 379 - 427, 623-656, 1948. Viterbi, A. J.: ``Error Bounds for Convolutional Codes and an Asymptotically Optimum Decoding Algorithm, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol.IT-13, pp. 260-269, April, 1967. Meng W., Wei-Ping Z., Nakamura, S: ``A hybrid fuzzy neural decoder for convolutional codes, Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, vol. 3, pp. 235 238, 1998 Berber, S.M. Kecman, V.: ``Convolutional decoders based on artificial neural networks, Proceedings. 2004 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, vol. 2, pp. 1551 1556, 2004. Mason K. and Sodha J.: ``A Neural Network Coded Modulation Decoder, Caribbean Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science, Vol. 13, pp. 35-41, 2006. Haykin S.: Neural Networks- A Comprehensive Foundation. 2nd ed., Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2003. Proakis. J. G.: Digital Communication, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill Series, 2001. Mano M. M.: Computer System Architecture, Third ed., Pearson Prentice hall, 2006. Thursday, December 15, 2011 IICAI-2011, 14th-16th December, Tumkur 24

THANK YOU

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