FactoriesAct, Act 1948

ImportantPoints
Toprotectworkersemployedinfactories againstindustrialandoccupationalhazards It Its sapenalstatute Appliestoestablishmentsinwhich
10ormorepersonsworkwithpower 20ormorepersonsworkwithoutpower

BasicDefinitions
Calender Year:StartsJanuary1st Adult: >=18years Adolescent: d l >=15yearsbut b <18 8years Child: <15years HazardousProcesses:
Applies pp esto oindustries dus esspec specified edinthe e1st sc schedule edu e Wheretheinprocess materialscancausehealth problemsorenvironmentalpollution p p

 Power: o e : Any yform o o ofe energy e gynot otgenerated ge e atedby humanagency f g p process: Referpg782 Manufacturing (Padhi) Worker:
Employeddirectlyorindirectly Withorwithouttheknowledgeofaprincipal employer Withorwithoutwages Tocarryoutmanuf.Processorjobsrelatedtoit

Factory: Premiseswheremanufacturingprocessiscarriedon: >=10workmen(Withpower) >=20workmen(withoutpower) Numberclausetobemetforleastonedayinthepreceeding 12 months Occupier: Personhavingultimatecontrolovertheaffairsofthefactory Firm:Anyonepartner Company:Oneofthedirectors FactoryownedorcontrolledbytheCentralGovt.:Relevantperson appointedastheincharge Theoccupierneedstosendanoticeatleast15dayspriortooccupying apremisesasafactorytotheChiefInspectorinforminghimaboutthe namesoftheownerandoccupier,natureofthemanufacturing process,averagenumberofworkmenemployedetc.

IOCv.ChiefInspector
Whoisdeemedtobetheoccupierofagovt. ownedfactory? PatnaHighCourt Saiddirectorsofthe company SupremeCourt DepotManagerasappointed bytheGovt. ClincherwastheLitmusTest Whohasthe ultimatecontrolovertheaffairsofthe factory?

DutiesofOccupier
Ensuringthehealth health,safetyandwelfareofall theworkerswhiletheyareatworkinthe factory Maintenanceofplantandsystemsinthe factory

Inspectors
StateGo Govt., t.,bynotification ot cat o int the eo official c a ga gazette ette mayappointanypersonastheinspectorand definehislimitofjurisdiction Powers
Enteranyplacewhichisusedasafactory Examinethepremises,plantandmachinery Enquireintoanyaccident Requiretheproductionofanyprescribedregister Seizeortakecopiesofanyregisterorrecord Takemeasurementsandphotographs

CertifyingSurgeons
Calculatethelossofearningcapacity Identifyyoungpersons

 Cooldrinkingwater:>250workers LatrinesandUrinals:Prescribedstds.tobefollowedif workers>250 Safetyofficer>=1000workersorwheretheStateGovt. thinksitshazardous First Fi tAidKitfor f every150workers k AmbulanceRoomwithmedicalstaffifworker>500 Canteenifworkers>250workers Shelters,Restroomsandlunchroom>150employees Creche:>30womenworkers Welfareofficers:>=500workers

Section21:FencingofMachinery
CaseofJethalal Ghelabhai Patel Conceptofvicariousliability Occupier O i notabrogated b dfrom f hi hisli liability bili b by themerefactthathedidntknowthatthe f i coverof fencing fthe h machine hi had h d b been removed

CasesRelatedtoCanteen
ReadPages827to829ofPadhi Padhis s Book

WorkingHrs
WeeklyHrs:48 WeeklyHolidays:Onthefirstdayoftheweek C Compensatory Off:Within i hi 2months h DailyHours:9hrsaday IntervalsofRest:Afteramaxof5hrs,arestof (cango g up pto6hrsby yState atleast.5hrs( Govt.sintervention) 10.5 5hrs(Max12hrs) SpreadOver:10

AnnualLeavewithWages
Outofthebenefitsundersec78andbenefits underanyotherlaw,whateverismore favorablefortheworkerwouldapply

 Whowillgetthebenefit? Anyworkerwhohasworkedformorethan 240daysinacalender yearor2/3rdofthe daysiftheworkerjoinedafter1st Jan 3helping h l i hands: h d

Layoff MaternityLeave Leavesearnedintheprioryear

 Rateis1:20foradults Rateis1:15forchildren

 Ifaworkerdies, dies quitsorisdischarged, discharged thenon calculationneedstobedone,onthebasisofthe actualno.ofworking gdays y 1:20or1:15isapplied pp Adultscancarryforward30days(max) Childrencancarryforward40days(max) Ifaworkerexceedsthecarryforwardquota,he canapplytothemangement forencashment, encashment in caseofrefusal,therewillbenolimittothecarry forward

ContractLabour RegulationAct, 1948

 Whyiscontractlabour needed?
Fornonperennialjobs Costfactor Morecontrolovertheworkers

Partiesinvolved
PE Contractor ContractLabor

 Applicableto
Everyest.with20ormoreCL(inthepreceding12 months)

NotApplicableto
Ests.whereworkisofseasonalandintermittent nature Worknotintermittentinnatureif
Performedformorethan120daysinthelast12 months y ifitisofseasonalnature Formorethan60days

 WorkmandeemedtobeCLif
Hiredbyorthroughcontractor WithorwithouttheknowledgeofthePE

Fordefiningworkman,predominantnatureof work kis i i important, t t nothing thi else l

ProhibitionofemploymentofCL
Appropriategovt. govt canprohibitCLinanest est. Consequencesoftheseprohibition:
4Cases C

 GESBcase
IfthecontractbetweentheCandthePEisasham,thenitshall betreatedasnullandvoidandCLwillbetreatedasthe permanentemployeeofthePE

Air Ai India I di C Case

SaysAbsorptionmandatory(Objecta Scripta)

SAIL2001Case
Nowherehasitbeensaidthatprohibitionwillleadtoautomatic absorption.SoitisentirelytheprerogativeofthePEwhetherhe wantstoabsorbornot.Ifyes,thensomereasonablerulesneed tobesetbythemanagementforthesame. same

SAIL2006case
SCsaidthatHC,Labour CourtorITcantprohibitCLinan establishment Itisthesoleprerogativeoftheappropriategovt. establishment. govt

LiabilityoftheEmployer
Ifbasicamenitiesascannonedby ytheActarenot providedtotheCLbytheC,thenitistheresponsibility ofthePEtodoso. The Th PEmayrecoverthe th amount tspent tf fromth theCas deductionfromthecontractpaymentorasdebt. PaymentofwagestoCLiscontractorsresponsibility. IncaseCdoesntpaythethe CL,thenresponsibilityof thePEtopayandrecovertheamountfromtheCas deductionfromthecontractpaymentorasdebt.

Allthebest!! Mayallyourdreamscometrue