DR. KAJIURAS WRITTEN ANSWER QUESTIONS 31-33 1. Describe a basal body (0.

5 mark) and indicate what other structure has its similar arrangement. (0.5 mark) - composed of an arrangement of nine sets of microtubule triplets (0.5 mark) - structure is similar to that of centrioles (0.5 mark)

2. A) What does the abbreviation CVS represent? (1 mark) Chorionic villus sampling (1 mark)

B) Elaborate upon two advantages of conducting CVS in comparison to that of cultured cells of amniocentesis? (1 mark) CVS is advantageous since it can be used to screen (detect) for genetic disorders in the developing fetus earlier in the pregnancy in comparison to amniocentesis. (0.5 mark) CVS is advantageous since biochemical tests and analyses may be performed on fetal cells immediately providing results within a day. (0.5 mark)

3. (Evening Version) You discover a new humanlike organism on another planet. Upon analysis of its karyotype shown below what characteristics would you expect? What are the formal names of the syndromes displayed by this new organism? (2 marks)

NOTE STUDENT MUST HAVE INDICATED BOTH KLEINFELTER AND EDWARDS SYNDROMES FOR FULL MARKS Kleinfelter Syndrome (0.5 mark) STUDENT MUST HAVE THIS

ANY ONE OF THESE FOR 0.5 MARK feminine contours (0.5 mark) enlargement of breast tissue (0.5 mark) normal intelligence (0.5 mark) small testes and sterile (0.5 mark) poor beard growth (0.5 mark) long legs (0.5 mark)

frontal baldness absent (0.5 mark) fewer chest hairs (0.5 mark) narrow shoulders (0.5 mark) wide hips (0.5 mark) female-type pubic hair pattern (0.5 mark)

Edwards Syndrome (0.5 mark) STUDENT MUST HAVE THIS - receding chin (0.5 mark) - low set ears (0.5 mark) - small size (0.5 mark) ANY ONE OF THESE FOR 0.5 MARK - webbed neck (0.5 mark) - organ malformations (0.5 mark) *ALSO REFER TO SUPPLEMENTARY ELM FIGURE FOR OTHER KLEINFELTER CHARACTERISTICS.

DR. WILSONS WRITTEN ANSWER QUESTIONS 34 -36 4. Using the Pedigree below answer the following question about the genes that control those that can taste bitterness.

a) Is the Taster Gene autosomal or X-linked, recessive or dominant, and what in the pedigree indicates this? (2 marks) 0.5 to ID autosomal, 0.5 to ID recessive and 0.5 for each explanation of WHY it is autosomal and recessive The taster gene is autosomal recessive. The gene is recessive based on unaffected parents producing an affected child (may also state that affected parents can produce an unaffected children and not necessarily in every generation) The gene is autosomal because affected offspring are equally likely to be male or female.

b) What is the genotype of individual 1 and why? (1 mark) 0.5 to ID the genotype, 0.5 to explain The genotype of individual 1 is Tt (or heterozygous or a carrier) This individual must be Tt because they produce an affected offspring (or individual 3)

35. Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in a medium containing heavy nitrogen (15N) and then transferred them to a medium containing light nitrogen (14N). Determine the outcome expected for semi-conservative replication after the first, second and third rounds of DNA replication in the presence of 14N. What proportion of the DNA will be heavy, intermediate and low density at each generation? (1 mark)

per generation, 0.5 marks for identification of whether the DNA strands are heavy, intermediate or low density and 0.5 marks for the appropriate proportions G1: hybrid (or intermediate density, 14N/15N) strands of DNA, all intermediate density G2: hybrid and low density (or 14N) strands of DNA, (or 50%) intermediate density, (or 50%) low density G3: hybrid and low density strands of DNA, (or 25%) intermediate and (or 75%) low density

36. X-gal is a compound that is metabolized by -galactosidase. One of the products of this metabolism is blue. Describe what technique you could use such a compound for in a genetic screen, and how you would identify the mutant and normal phenotype. What gene from the lac operon would you predict to be altered in the mutant phenotype? (1 mark each) a) X-gal is a chemical indicator OR can be used for indicator plates. WHITE colonies BLUE colonies LacZ

b) Mutant phenotype is seen in c) Normal phenotype is seen in

d) The gene predicted to be altered in the mutant phenotype is