CBLM - Prepare, Make Changes On Electrical, Electronic Schematics and Drawings

ACHIEVING COMPETENCE IN
PREPARING/INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWING
PREPARING/MAKING CHANGES ON
ELECTRICAL/ ELECTRONIC SCHEMATICS
AND DRAWINGS
This is the first of the modular series produced by the

Jacobo Z. Gonzales Memorial School of Arts and Trades –
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
Region IV-A
Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Date: August 12, 2009
JZGMSAT Drawing By: Glenn F. Salandanan
TESDA IV Page 1 of 21
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Content Page Number
I. LEARNING GUIDE OVERVIEW ........................................................................ 3
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II. HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE ............................................................................... 4
III. LEARNING ACTIVITIES ..................................................................................... 5
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IV. INFORMATION SHEET 1: SYMBOLS FOR ELECTRONIC/
ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS..................................................................................6
INFORMATION SHEET 2: TYPES OF ELECTRONIC/
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ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS ................................................................................11
INFORMATION SHEET 3: LINE CONVENTIONS AND LETTERING ..............14
V. SELF CHECK 1 ................................................................................................ 10
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SELF-CHECK 2 ................................................................................................ 13
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VI. ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 1: .................................................................................17
VII. ANSWER KEYS ..........................................................................................19-20
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VIII. RECORD OF COMPETENCE .......................................................................... 21

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LEARNING GUIDE OVERVIEW
Because of the complexity of the modern electronics, a considerable number of graphic

symbols have been developed for describing the connections and functions of such circuits and
systems.
Students who have a basic course in electricity/ electronics will find it easier to
understand and make electrical or electronic drawings. This learning material will introduce
electrical and electronic symbols, wiring diagrams and circuit diagrams.
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In this learning material, the students should be able to apply the line conventions and
symbols in drawing different electrical/ electronic diagrams.
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Competencies will be demonstrated by completing the job sheet and the unit test with a
minimum score of 75 percent.
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OBJECTIVES When you have successfully completed the learning activities in this
material, you will be able to:
1. Know the line conventions used in electronic/ electrical
diagrams;
2. Prepare different electronic/ electrical diagrams correctly;
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3. Apply correct line thickness and lettering in drawing electronic/
electrical diagrams; and,
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4. Layout the diagram with proper spacing between components
for notes and reference information.
CONTENTS This learning material includes the following:

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1. Standard Symbols
2. Kinds/Types of Electrical/Electronic Diagrams
3. Line Conventions and Lettering
4. Symbols and Layouts
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5. Drawing Schematic Diagrams
PRE-REQUISITES The completion of this learning material requires you to have a basic
understanding of:
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If you are unfamiliar with any of the above concepts, work on________
before working on this learning guide.
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HOW TO USE THIS LEARNING GUIDE
This Learning Guide will lead you through a series of activities which will require you to work at
your own pace. These activities will ask you to complete associated learning and practice
activities in order to gain the knowledge and skills you need to achieve the learning objectives
stated earlier.
Refer to Learning Activity Page to know the sequence of learning tasks to undergo and the
appropriate resources to use in each task. This page will serve as your road map towards the
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achievement of objectives.
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Read the information sheets. This will give you an understanding of the work, and why things
are done the way they are.
Complete the activities as directed in the activity/practice sheets. These will test your
knowledge and give you practice of doing the tasks involved. Performance criteria for assessing
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practical exercise are shown to guide you in undertaking the practical exercises. Always be
aware of safety requirements highlighted in this material. Ask for clearance in using some tools
and equipment. Should you require some assistance and clarification, consult your trainer or
facilitator. They should be available anytime you need them.
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Answer self-checks found in each section of the learning guide. Do not write anything on this
learning guide; provide separate sheets for your answers. Self-checks will let you know how you
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are going. To know how you fared with self checks, review the answer keys found at the end of
the learning guide.
When you had completed all the tasks required in this learning guide, an assessment exercise
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will be given to evaluate if you are already competent with the specified learning outcomes in
and ready for the next task. .If you feel ready for the assessment, consult the facilitator.
A record of competency is provided on the last page to reflect how much of the required
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assessment criteria have been met.
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this learner’s guide.
Talk to your trainer about having them formally recognized. If you have qualification or certificate
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of competence from previous training, show it to your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still
current and relevant to the unit of competency they may become part of the evidence you can
present for Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL). If you are not sure about the accuracy of
your skills, discuss it with your trainer.
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LEARNING ACTIVITIES
In order to accomplish the objectives stated in this leaning guide, you must perform the
learning steps below. Beside each step are the resources or special instructions you will use to
accomplish the corresponding activity.
RESOURCES/SPECIFIC
LEARNING STEPS
INSTRUCTIONS
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1. Student will ask the instructor of the 1. Instructor will provide the learning
materials to be used materials in Preparing/making
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Changes on Electrical/Electronic
Schematics and Drawings
2. Read: Information Sheet No. 1 2. Information Sheet No 1: Symbols for
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Electronic/electrical Diagram
3. Answer: Self Check 1 3. Self Check No. 1: Symbols for

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4. Read: Information Sheet No. 2 4. Information Sheet No. 2: Electronic/
Electrical Diagram
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5. Answer: Self Check 2 5. Self Check No. 2: Electronic/

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Electrical Diagram
6. Read: Information Sheet No. 3 6. Information Sheet No. 3: Lines

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Conventions and Lettering
7. Perform: Activity Sheet No. 1 7. Activity Sheet No. 1: Drawing and

Making Changes on Schematic
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Diagram
8. Submit activity to Trainer for
Assessment

INFORMATION SHEET NO: 1
SYMBOLS FOR ELECTRONIC/ ELECTRICAL

DIAGRAMS
We use graphic symbols on electrical and electronic diagrams to show the
components and workings in a circuit. Graphic symbols for electrical engineering are a
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shorthand way to show through drawings how a circuit works or how the parts of the
circuit are connected. A graphic symbol shows what a part in the circuit does. Drafters
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use graphic symbols on single-line (one-line) diagrams, on schematic diagrams, or on
connection or wiring diagrams. You can relate graphic symbols with parts lists,
descriptions, or instructions by marking the symbols.
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Figure 1. Graphic symbols for electrical and electronics diagrams

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Figure 1. Graphic symbols for electrical and electronics diagrams (cont.)

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SELF- CHECK NO. 1
Check your mastery in symbols for electrical/electronic diagrams by completing the tasks below.
I. IDENTIFICATION. Identify the symbol for electrical/electronic diagrams by writing the name
of the component on the space provided.
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1. ____________________ 6. ___________________
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2. ___________________ 7. __________________
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3. ___________________ 8. __________________
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4. ___________________ 9. __________________
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5. ___________________ 10. ___________________

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INFORMATION SHEET NO. 2:
TYPES OF ELECTRONIC/ ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS

There are many kinds of electrical/electronic diagrams. Each kind of diagram suits its
purpose.
1. Single-line (One-line) diagram.

This diagram shows, using single-lines
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and graphic symbols, the course of an
electric circuit and the parts of the circuit.
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Figure 2. A complete single-flow
diagram for an AM-FM stereo unit
2. Schematic (Elementary) Diagram. This diagram shows, using graphic symbols, the
ways a circuit is connected and what the circuit does. The schematic does not have to show the
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size or shape of the parts of the circuit. It does not have to show where the parts of the circuit
actually are.
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Figure 3. Schematic Diagram
3. Connection or Wiring Diagram. This diagram

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shows how the components of a circuit are connected. It

may cover connections inside or outside the components. It
has as much detail as is needed to make or trace
connections. The connection diagram usually shows how a
component looks and where it is placed.
Figure 4. Installation assembly drawing

4. Interconnection diagram. This is a kind of
connection or wiring diagram that shows only connections
outside the component. An interconnection diagram shows
connection between components. The connections inside the
component are usually left out.
Figure 5. Interconnection Diagram
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5. Layout diagram – This diagram is a pictorial of how the electronic circuit actually looks.
These drawings show the actual layout of the components on the circuit board. This provides a
two-dimensional drawing, usually looking down from the top, detailing the components in their
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location. Shown in Figure 6 is the schematic for a circuit and the same circuit drawn in pictorial
or layout format for comparison. Normally the pictorial layout would be accompanied by a parts
list.
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A. Schematic Diagram
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B. Layout Diagram C. Layout, component side

Figure 6. Schematic and layout diagram of a pulsing third brake light

SELF-CHECK NO. 2
Check your mastery in symbols for electrical/electronic diagrams by completing the tasks below.
I. IDENTIFICATION. Identify the kind of electrical/electronic diagram shown below by writing

your answer on the space provided.
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1. _________________________
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2. _________________________
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5. _________________________
3. _________________________

INFORMATION SHEET NO. 3:
A. LINE CONVENTIONS AND LETTERING

As in any drawings intended for reproduction, line thicknesses and letter sizes
should be selected according to the amount of reduction or enlargement involved so
that legibility will not be adversely affected.
ANSI recommends a line of medium thickness for general use on electrical
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diagrams. A thin line may be used for brackets, leader lines, etc. To emphasize special
features such as main signal paths, a thicker line may be used to provide the desired
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contrast. For recommended line thickness, refer to illustration below.
Line conventions for electrical diagrams are shown on Figure 1.
FOR GENERAL USE MEDIUM
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MECHANICAL CONNECTION, SHIELDING MEDUIM
AND FUTURE CIRCUIT LINE
BRACKET-CONNECTING DASH LINE MEDUIM

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USE OF THIS LINE THICKNESSES OPTIONAL
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BRACKETS, LEADER LINES, ETC. THIN
BOUNDARY OF MECHANICAL GROUPING THIN

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FOR EMPHASIS THICK

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Figure 7. Line conventions for electrical diagrams
B. SYMBOLS AND LAYOUTS

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The Symbol can be drawn any size needed. However, its size must fit in with the rest of
the drawing. Keep in mind whether the drawing will be made larger or smaller. For most
electrical diagrams meant to be used for manufacturing, or for use in a smaller form, draw
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symbols about 1.5 times the size of those shown in American National Standard (see learning
material in Identify Interpret Different Electrical/Electronic Diagrams).
C. LAYOUT FOR ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS

Layout electrical diagrams so that the main parts are easily seen. The parts of the
diagrams should have spaced between them. This is so that there will be an even balance

between blank spaces and lines. Allow enough blank area around symbols so that notes or
reference information will not be crowded. Avoid larger spaces, however. Only allow large
spaces if circuits will be added later.
D. DRAWING SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS

Source: Paul Horowitz and Winfield Hill, The Art of Electronics 2nd Edition
A well-drawn schematic makes it easy to understand how a circuit works and aids
in troubleshooting; a poor schematic only creates confusion. By keeping a few rules and
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suggestions in mind, you can draw a good schematic in no more time than it takes to
draw a poor one. In this appendix we dispense advice of three varieties: general
principles, rules, and hints. We have also drawn some real knee-slappers to illustrate
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habits to avoid.
General Principles
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1. Schematics should be unambiguous. Therefore, pin numbers, parts values,
polarities, etc., should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.
2. A good schematic makes circuit functions clear. Therefore, keep functional areas
distinct; don't be afraid to leave blank areas on the page, and don't try to fill the
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page. There are conventional ways to draw functional subunits; for instance, don't
draw a differential amplifier as in Figure 8, because the function won't be easily
recognized. Likewise, flip-flops are usually drawn with clock and inputs on the left,
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set and clear on top and bottom, and outputs on the right.
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Figure 8. Placement of power rails and conventions for device alignment (examples of
what not to do)

Rules
1. Wires connecting are indicated by a heavy black dot; wires crossing, but not connecting,
have no dot.
2. Four wires must not connect at a point
3. Always use the same symbol for the same device.
4. Wires and components are aligned horizontally or vertically, unless there's a good
reason to do otherwise.
5. Label pin numbers on the outside of a symbol, signal names on the inside.
6. All parts should have values or types indicated; it's best to give all parts a label,
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example, R7 or IC3.
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ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 1
Drawing and Making Changes on Schematic Diagram

A. Objectives:
After completing the activity you should be able to:
1. Draw schematic diagram; and,
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2. Make changes on electronic diagram
B. Tools and Materials:
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A4 size drawing paper T-square
Eraser Drawing pencil (HB)
Triangles (30ºx60º, 45ºx45º)
D. Procedure:
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1. Before starting your work, you must read thoroughly the precautions stated below
and apply it to your drawing.
2. Study the schematic diagram drawn in freehand.
3. Estimate the size of your drawing. Make sure that the schematic diagram is placed in
the center of the drawing paper.
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4. Layout the diagram with proper spacing between components for notes and
reference information.
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An illustration showing ``awful'' schematics of a circuit which violates nearly every rule
and is almost impossible to understand.

PROBLEM:
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E. Precautions: n da
1. Identify parts immediately adjacent to the symbol, forming a distinct group giving symbol,
label, and type or value.
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2. In general, signals go from left to right; don't be strict about this, though, if clarity is
sacrificed.
3. Put positive supply voltages at the top of the page, negative at the bottom. Thus, npn
transistors will usually have their emitter at the bottom, whereas pnp's will have their
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emitter topmost.
4. Don't attempt to bring all wires around to the
supply rails, or to a common ground wire.
Instead, use the ground symbol(s) and labels
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like +Vcc to indicate those voltages where

needed.
5. It is helpful to bring leads away from
components a short distance before making
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connections or jogs.
6. Leave some space around circuit symbols.
7. Use small rectangles, ovals, or circles to
indicate card-edge connections, connector
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pins, etc. Be consistent.

8. The signal path through switches should be
clear.
9. Power supply connections are normally assumed for op-amps and logic devices.

ANSWER KEY NO. 1
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it right, refer back to
corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. Amplifier, general 6. Switch, single throw, single pole
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2. Rectifier, bridge type 7. Antenna, general
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3. Transformer 8. PNP type transistor
4. Fuse, general 9. Speaker
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5. Capacitor, polarized 10. Resistor, general
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ANSWER KEY NO. 2
Check your answer with the answer key below. If you fail to get it right, refer back to
corresponding resources until you make it perfect.
1. Single-line Diagram
2. Layout
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3. Interconnection Diagram
4. Connection or Wiring Diagram
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5. Schematic Diagram
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RECORD OF COMPETENCE
Below are your assessment ratings:
ASSESSMENT /PERFORMANCE
CRITERIA YES NO
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1. Electrical/ Electronic schematic
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drawn and correctly identified
2. Correct drawing identified,

equipment selected and used in
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accordance with job requirements
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CBLM - Prepare, Make Changes On Electrical, Electronic Schematics and Drawings

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ACHIEVING COMPETENCE IN

PREPARING/INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWING

This is the first of the modular series produced by the

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Content Page Number

I. LEARNING GUIDE OVERVIEW ........................................................................ 3

VIII. RECORD OF COMPETENCE .......................................................................... 21

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Because of the complexity of the modern electronics, a considerable number of graphic

CONTENTS This learning material includes the following:

5. Drawing Schematic Diagrams

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

assessment criteria have been met.

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

2. Read: Information Sheet No. 1 2. Information Sheet No 1: Symbols for

3. Answer: Self Check 1 3. Self Check No. 1: Symbols for

5. Answer: Self Check 2 5. Self Check No. 2: Electronic/

6. Read: Information Sheet No. 3 6. Information Sheet No. 3: Lines

Conventions and Lettering

7. Perform: Activity Sheet No. 1 7. Activity Sheet No. 1: Drawing and

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

SYMBOLS FOR ELECTRONIC/ ELECTRICAL

Figure 1. Graphic symbols for electrical and electronics diagrams

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Figure 1. Graphic symbols for electrical and electronics diagrams (cont.)

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Figure 1. Graphic symbols for electrical and electronics diagrams (cont.)

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Figure 1. Graphic symbols for electrical and electronics diagrams (cont.)

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

5. ___________________ 10. ___________________

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

TYPES OF ELECTRONIC/ ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS

1. Single-line (One-line) diagram.

Figure 3. Schematic Diagram

3. Connection or Wiring Diagram. This diagram

shows how the components of a circuit are connected. It

Figure 4. Installation assembly drawing

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Figure 5. Interconnection Diagram

B. Layout Diagram C. Layout, component side

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

I. IDENTIFICATION. Identify the kind of electrical/electronic diagram shown below by writing

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

A. LINE CONVENTIONS AND LETTERING

FOR GENERAL USE MEDIUM

BRACKET-CONNECTING DASH LINE MEDUIM

BOUNDARY OF MECHANICAL GROUPING THIN

FOR EMPHASIS THICK

Figure 7. Line conventions for electrical diagrams

B. SYMBOLS AND LAYOUTS

C. LAYOUT FOR ELECTRICAL DIAGRAMS

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

D. DRAWING SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

Drawing and Making Changes on Schematic Diagram

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

like +Vcc to indicate those voltages where

pins, etc. Be consistent.

Prepare/Interpret Technical Version No.: 2

1. Amplifier, general 6. Switch, single throw, single pole

5. _ 10. _