QUESTIONS TO BE ANSWERED 1) Describe the differences in the two calcium carbonate materials.

Consider static charge, particle size, flowability and bulk density. Calcium carbonate is more flour like with smaller more cohesive particles. Calcium carbonate has more static charge tending it to stick more to the sides of the mortar and other equipment. Calcarb ! is more bead like fine granules with better flowing capacity. Calccarb ! also has a higher bulk density and more dustibility. ") #hich of these materials is best suited for hand$filling capsules, machine$filling capsules, and tableting% &ustify each of your answers using evidence from observations made in question '1. (ts is better to use the calcium carbonate for hand filling capsules because the particles are small and agglomerate close together. )his allows easy transfer powder from the tile into the capsules. *owever, it is better to use the calcarb ! for machine filling capsules as well as tableting because the particles are flowable downward into the capsules. )he calcarb ! is also better for machine filling capsules and tableting because of its higher bulk density. +) )o what dose of elemental calcium does "!, mg of calcium carbonate correspond% - .olecular weight of calcium carbonate / 1,,. g0mol - .olecular weight of calcium / 1,.,2g0mol - ,."!,g 3 41mol01,,., g) 3 41,.,2g 01 mol) / ,.1 g calcium / 1,, mg calcium 1) 5 "1 year old 5frican 5merican female patient is lactose intolerant patient and avoids all dairy food. The average elemental calcium in a strict non-dairy diet is 200 mg. #hat is a reasonable dosage for calcium supplementation in this patient% See calcium recommendation information sheet in lab. *ow many "!, mg capsules would this patient have to take daily to meet the 1 1 recommendations% 6atient is a "1 year old female and will fall in 1 $!, year category Daily calcium requirement for ages 1 $!, is 1,,,mg0day. 7he already gets ",, mg from diet so she needs, 2,, mg more 42,,mg 3 1 capsule)0 1,,mg / 2 capsules !) 8or each tablet formulation, show the calculations demonstrating that each 9amount0tablet: yields 1!,, mg of calcium carbonate. )here is ! ; in +,,gm Calcarb !, which is "2! gm calcium carbonate so<

45) 4"2! gm CaC=+0 +1>.! gm) 3 1>>>mg / 1!,, mg CaC=+0 tablets 4?) 4"2! gm CaC=+0 +"1 gm) 3 1@,!mg / 1!,, mg CaC=+0 tablets 4C) 4"2! gm CaC=+0 +,1.! gm) 3 1!2@mg / 1!,, mg CaC=+0 tablets 4D) 4"2! gm CaC=+0 +, gm) 3 1>">mg / 1!,, mg CaC=+0 tablets >) *ow many equivalents of calcium are in a 1!,, mg calcium carbonate tablet% 1.! gm 3 41 mol01,,., gm) 3 41,.,2gm01 mol) / ,.>,gm calcium @) ABplain how we are able to achieve a higher weight in a tablet than in a similar sized capsule% #e can generate a greater force by power of the upper punch and so densely pack the materials in a tablet. )his yields more weight. 2) #hat is the generic name for ABplotab% Ceneric name for ABplotab is sodium starch gluconate. ) #hat else is contained in CalCarb ! besides the calcium carbonate% #hy is this additional eBcipient there% ?y what process do you think the manufacturers make CalCarb !%

Calccarb ! contains ! ; 5cacia, D8 and sodium Eauryl sulfate. 5cacia is used as a suspending agent for insoluble substances in water. (t is also used as a binder in tablet manufacturing. 7odium lauryl sulfate is used as an emulsifying detergent and wetting agent in ointments, tooth powders and other pharmaceutical preparations. (t also helps with the flowability and decreases the surface tension and thus the static charge. )he manufacture makes Calcarb ! as tablet formulation by wet granulation.