The Bryant Advantage Ultimate CCNA Lab Workbook

Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933 - www.thebryantadvantage.com Back To Index

Static Routing Lab

You will need to have the Frame Relay lab up and running before starting this lab.

We'll use the same topology you saw in the Static Routing chapter to practice commands.
Create a static route on R3 and one on R1 that will allow R3 to successfully ping R2s loopback interface, 2.2.2.2. The route should only consider traffic destined for 2.2.2.2. Use show ip route to display the static routes.
R3#conf t R3(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 172.12.123.1 R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 2.2.2.2 [1/0] via 172.12.123.1 3.0.0.0/27 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 172.12.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 172.12.13.0 is directly connected, Serial1 C 172.12.123.0 is directly connected, Serial0.31 172.23.0.0/27 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 172.23.23.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0 R1#conf t R1(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 172.12.123.2 R1#show ip route < codes deleted for clarity > Gateway of last resort is not set 1.0.0.0/27 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets S 2.2.2.2 [1/0] via 172.12.123.2 172.12.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks C 172.12.13.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1 C 172.12.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0

Examining the syntax of the ip route commands used in this lab:

R3(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 172.12.123.1 ip route: The command. 2.2.2.2 : The destination address. 255.255.255.255: The wildcard mask. This particular mask means that only traffic destined for 2.2.2.2 will use this static route. 172.12.123.1: The next-hop IP address used to reach the destination. R1(config)#ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 172.12.123.2 ip route: The command. 2.2.2.2: The destination address. 255.255.255.255. The wildcard mask. Again, only traffic destined for 2.2.2.2 will use this static route. 172.12.123.2: The next-hop IP address used to reach this destination. On R3, run debug ip packet, then ping 2.2.2.2. The pings will return successfully, and the packets can be seen leaving and entering the router. Turn all debugs off with undebug all.
R3#debug ip packet IP packet debugging is on R3#ping 2.2.2.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds: !!!!! Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 132/136/144 m R3# IP: s=172.12.123.3 (local), d=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), len 100, sending IP: s=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), d=172.12.123.3 (Serial0.31), len 100, rcvd 3 IP: s=172.12.123.3 (local), d=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), len 100, sending IP: s=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), d=172.12.123.3 (Serial0.31), len 100, rcvd 3 IP: s=172.12.123.3 (local), d=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), len 100, sending IP: s=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), d=172.12.123.3 (Serial0.31), len 100, rcvd 3 IP: s=172.12.123.3 (local), d=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), len 100, sending IP: s=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), d=172.12.123.3 (Serial0.31), len 100, rcvd 3 IP: s=172.12.123.3 (local), d=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), len 100, sending IP: s=2.2.2.2 (Serial0.31), d=172.12.123.3 (Serial0.31), len 100, rcvd 3 R3#undebug all All possible debugging has been turned off

Remove the static routes with the command no ip route. Replace them with a static route with a destination andsubnet mask of 0.0.0.0. This route will serve as a default route; to verify this, run show ip route after configuring these default static routes. Notice that with static routes, you can configure either a next-hop IP address or an exit interface on the end of the static route command. Here, youll configure both.
R3#conf t R3(config)#no ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 172.12.123.1 R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial0.31 R1#conf t

R1(config)#no ip route 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 172.12.123.2 R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.12.123.2

A static route configured with a destination and subnet mask of 0.0.0.0 will serve as a default route.
R3#show ip route Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 172.12.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets C 172.12.13.0 is directly connected, Serial1 C 172.12.123.0 is directly connected, Serial0.31 172.23.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 172.23.23.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0.31

The static route appears on R3 as a candidate default route, and is then used as the default route. The gateway of last resort is now set to 0.0.0.0. This is a result of using an exit interface to configure the static default route, rather than a next-hop IP address.
R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * - candidate default Gateway of last resort is 172.12.123.2 to network 0.0.0.0 1.0.0.0/27 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 172.12.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks C 172.12.13.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1 C 172.12.123.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0 S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 172.12.123.2

R1 is also using the static route as a default route. The gateway of last resort is set to 172.12.123.2, the next-hop address set in the static default route. For your CCNA exams, its very important to know how to remove a command, not just enable one. Here, you saw that a static route is removed with the no ip route command, followed by the static route being removed. Its the same as configuring a static route; just put no in front of the entire command. Back To Index

Copyright 2011 The Bryant Advantage. All Rights Reserved.