FIBONACCI NUMBERS SHORT NOTES

Concept of Fibonacci Numbers The first two Fibonacci numbers are 0 and 1, and each remaining number is the sum of the previous two. Fibonacci numbers: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, Sequence of Fibonacci Numbers Is named after Leonardo of Pisa. He considers the growth of an idealized (biologically unrealistic) rabbit population. The sequence Fn of the Fibonacci numbers is defined by recurrence relation Fn = Fn-1 + Fn-2 with seed value F0 = 0 and F1 = 1. Can also be extended to negative index n. The result satisfies the equation F-n = (-1)n +1 Fn. Thus, the complete sequence is , -8, 5, -3, 2, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, Interesting property of Fibonacci Numbers Every third number of the sequence is even number. 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, Divisibility property: gcd (Fm, Fn) = Fgcd (m,n). When you divide one number in the sequence by the number before it, you will obtain numbers very close to one another. In fact, the number is fixed after the 13th number in the series. For Example:

= 1.618

= 1.618

= 1.618

FIBONACCI NUMBERS SHORT NOTES

The Golden Ratio Golden ratio = 1.618 Artists, scientist and designers; Leonardo da Vinci and Le Corbusier take the human body proportions which are set up according to the golden ratio as their measure when conducting researches or setting out their product. Golden ratio in human body: Distance between the finger tip and the elbow/ distance between the wrist and the elbow. Distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head/ head length. Distance between the navel and the top of the head/ the distance between the shoulder line and the top of the head. The distance between the navel and knee/ distance between the knee and the end of the foot. Golden ratio in human hand: proportion of the middle finger to little finger Golden ratio in human face: Length of face/ width of face. Distance between the lips and where the eyebrows meet. Distance between tip of jaw and where the eyebrows meet. Length of mouth/ width of nose. Width of nose/ distance between nostrils. Distance between pupils/ distance between eyebrows.

FIBONACCI NUMBERS SHORT NOTES

Application of Fibonacci Number in Nature Plant Leaves arrangement around the stem; phyllotaxis to maximizing the space for each leaf and to permit optimum exposure to sunlight. Sunflower has golden spiral seed arrangement which maximizes the number of seeds that can be packed into a seed head. Scales of a pineapple which have double spirals; one going clockwise direction and one in the opposite direction. Fruits: banana, apple Vegetables: Broccoli Fibonacci number of petals: Buttercups; 5, lilies; 3, delphiniums; 8.

Animal Seashell applied golden spiral Dolphin: eyes, fins and tails fall at golden sections along the body.

Art and Building Famous ancient Greek temple, the Parthenon, in the Acropolis in Athens; applied the concept of golden rectangle. Leonardo's painting and drawing: Madonna with Child and Saints