Technische Universitt Mnchen

Oxy-Coal Flame Radiation Characteristics

Pedro Dias, M.Sc. RELCOM Open Workshop 13th June 2012

Technische Universitt Mnchen

Content
1. Introduction

2. State of the art 3. RELCOM project 4. Summary

29.06.2012

Technische Universitt Mnchen

Introduction
Comparison between Oxyfuel and air combustion
15000 1000C 1100C 1200C

Oxyfuel 70% reci.

Intensity [W/(m m Sr)]

Natural gas 70% wet recirculation

10000

900C

800C 5000 700C 600C 0 2.5 3

Air combustion

3.5 4 Wavelength [m]

4.5

5.5

Gases participate more in radiation Band overlapping behaviour changes

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Introduction
Modelling oxyfuel gas radiation state of the art Two different approaches in literature: Modified standard Weighted Sum of Grey Gases Model (WSGG) 3-4 equations for spectral modelling Pros/Cons:
+ Standard model for gas radiation in CFD Software - Accuracy when compared with other model

Implement more detailed Exponential Wide Band Model (EWB) 1 equation for each Wide Band Pros/Cons:
+ Calculation of band overlapping more exact - more equations than WSGG - Implementation in CFD codes problematic

29.06.2012

Technische Universitt Mnchen

Introduction
Modelling single particle radiation

Scattering depends on: the shape of the particle (usually assumed as spherical), the material of the particle (the complex index of refraction, m = n - ik), its relative size (size parameter x = 2a/), the clearance between particles (c/)
Source: Modest 2003 29.06.2012 5

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Introduction
Modelling particle clouds radiation

Two approaches are used for particle clouds: The uniform size particles, is assumed that clouds consist of spheres that have the same size Nonuniform size particles, the cloud is described as a number of particles as a function of radius.
Source: Modest 2003 and Tien et al 1987 29.06.2012 6

Technische Universitt Mnchen

Content
1. Introduction

2. State of art 3. Relcom project 4. Summary

29.06.2012

Technische Universitt Mnchen

State of the art

Different solutions for WSGG We can find different approaches to change the WSGG for the oxyfuel gas properties: Khare 2008 Krishnamoorthy et al 2010 Johansson et al 2011

All of them have compared the results with more detailed models (SNB/EWB) for validation. The increase in the accuracy comparing with the original WSGG (Smith et al 1982) for oxyfuel combustion.

29.06.2012

Technische Universitt Mnchen

State of the art

Different solutions for WSGG

Deviation range over path length for WSGG model from Smith et al. (1982) all combustion cases

Deviation range over path length for WSGG model from Johansson et al. (2011) all combustion cases Source: Becher et al 2011

29.06.2012

Technische Universitt Mnchen

State of the art

Different solutions for WSGG

Deviation of total emissivity for natural gas wet oxyfuel combustion atmosphere at various temperatures for the WSGG model from Johansson et al. (2011) Source: Becher et al 2011 29.06.2012 10

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State of the art

Conclusions
Min deviation Max deviation Recommended limits for improved accuracy

WSGG (smith 1982)

32%

59%

H2O/CO2 close to ratios

WSGG (Khare 2008)

13%

49%

H2O/CO2 close to given ratios ( 0.3), temperatures up to 800C, lower pressure path length limit of 0.01 bar m Lower pressure path length limit of 0.1 bar m, H2O/CO2 close to given ratios ( 0:3) Temperatures up to 800C, missing hot lines in its reference model

WSGG (Krishnamoorthy 2010)

32%

131%

WSGG (Johannsson et al 2011)

13%

21%

Source: Becher et al 2011 29.06.2012 11

Technische Universitt Mnchen

State of the art

Single particle combustion

The replacement of N2 by CO2 causes, in average, a decrease by 200 K in particle combustion temperature (exemplified for lignite coals) To achieve the same combustion temperature as in N2 as bath gas, for the bituminous volatiles and chars, the oxygen content has to be around 30%
Source: Bejarano et al 2008 29.06.2012 12

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State of the art

Particle clouds combustion

Possible to observe that the increase in size rises significantly the gas emissivity The increase in the size also rises the particle radiation

With the increase of size the emissivity approaches one

Source: Wall et al 2009
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Technische Universitt Mnchen

Content
1. Introduction

2. State of art 3. RELCOM project 4. Summary

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Technische Universitt Mnchen

Relcom project
Aims in task 1.2
FTIR emission measurements in the 100 kW test rig to determine the spectral radiation characteristics of oxy-pulverised coal flames

These spectral measurements will provide a detailed analysis of the changed gas band radiation due to the changed ratio and higher concentrations of H2O and CO2 in oxyfuel flames.
The influence of particle radiation under oxy-coal conditions will also be analyzed These experimental results will be used to develop and validate radiation submodels

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Relcom project
Plans for the measurements

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Technische Universitt Mnchen

Relcom project
First measurements at the TUM combustion chamber
Oxy-coal flame
Lignite 65% dry recirculation

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Technische Universitt Mnchen

Relcom project
First measurements at the TUM combustion chamber
Oxy-coal flame
Lignite and natural gas as fuel Both are 65% dry recirculation

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Technische Universitt Mnchen

Content
1. Introduction

2. State of art 3. Relcom project 4. Summary

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Technische Universitt Mnchen

Summary

Radiative characteristics of particle clouds is important for a full characterization of oxy-coal flames The data collection is important for the optimization of the CFD models for oxy-firing Measurements in different facilities will help to understand influence of particle/gas radiation contribution better See the scalablity and the portability of the FTIR device

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Thank you for your attention

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Technische Universitt Mnchen

References
V. Becher, A. Goanta , H. Spliethoff. Validation of Spectral radiation models under oxyfuel conditions-Part C: Validation of simplified models
V. Becher, H. Spliethoff. Spectral radiation measurements on oxy-fuel natural gas flames and flue-gases: Comparison of air and oxy-fuel radiation. Proceedings of 1st Oxy-Fuel Combustion Conference Cottbus, Germany, 2009 P.A. Bejarano, Y.A. Levendis. Single-coal-particle combustion O2/N2 and O2/CO2 enviroments. Combustion and Flame 153 (2008) 270-287 R. Johansson, B. Leckner, K. Andersson, and F. Johnsson. Account for variations in the H2O to CO2 molar ratio when modelling gaseous radiative heat transfer with the weighted-sum-of-grey-gases model. Combustion and Flame, 158(5):893901, 2011. S. P. Khare. Heat Transfer in Air-Fired Pulverized Fuel Furnaces Retrotted to Oxy-Fuel Coal. PhD thesis, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 2008. G. Krishnamoorthy, M. Sami, S. Orsino, A. Perera, M. Shahnam, and E. D. Huckaby. Radiation modelling in oxy-fuel combustion scenarios. International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, 24(3):6982, 2010.

M. F. Modest. Radiative heat transfer. Academic Press, Amsterdam, 2nd edition, 2003. ISBN 0125031637.
T. Wall, Y. Liu, C. Spero, L. Elliott, S. Khare, R. Rathnam, F. Zeenathal, B. Moghtaderi, B. Buhre, C. Sheng, R. Gupta, T. Yamada, K. Makino, and J. Yu. An overview on oxyfuel coal combustion state of the art research and technology development. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 87(8):1003 1016, 2009. C. Yin, L. C. R. Johansen, L. A. Rosendahl, and S. K. Kr. New weighted sum of gray gases model applicable to computational uid dynamics (CFD) modeling of oxy-fuel combustion: Derivation, validation, and implementation. Energy & Fuels, 24(12):62756282, 2010. 29.06.2012 22