AdvancedTopics HyperelasticandElastoplasticMaterialsLecture HyperelasticandElastoplasticMaterials.

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Hyperelastic and Elastoplastic Materials

Hyperelastic and elastoplastic materials enable you to analyze models with materials that do not exhibit linear stress-strain responses.

Hyperelastic o Define By Test o Material Model Coefficients Elastoplastic o Using Test Data o Using Material Constants

Stress-Strain Response Examples LectureNotes Stress-Strain Response types Most analyses in Pro/Engineer Mechanica are conducted assuming that the materials that are used respond to stress linearly with strain. While this is sufficient in the vast majority of cases, it is sometimes desirable or necessary to model material that responds to stress in a non-linear fashion. Mechanica has provisions for hyperelastic and elastoplastic stress-strain response modeling capabilities. Hyperelastic Materials Hyperelastic materials, such as rubber, are nonlinear materials that exhibit instantaneous elastic response to large strains. You can use these materials if you want to perform large deformation analysis for any model.

You can define a hyperelastic material by first selecting Isotropic as the symmetry option in the Material Definition dialog box followed by Hyperelastic as the StressStrain Response type. You must then use one of the following options to define the stress-strain response:

Define By Test: You can use this option to configure the stress-strain response of the material using experimental data and find the best fitting model for the data. Material Model Coefficients: To use this option, you must define one of the following material models and set the coefficient values as necessary for each: o Arruda-Boyce o Mooney-Rivlin o Neo-Hookean (Default) o Polynomial form of order 2 o Reduced Polynomial form of order 2 o Yeoh

For more information about each of these material models, refer to the Pro/ENGINEER Mechanica help files. Elastoplastic Materials Metals such as steel exhibit elastic behavior for small loads. When the load is further increased the material can undergo plastic deformation. Such materials are called elastoplastic materials. Mechanica uses isotropic hardening laws to define elastoplastic materials. Hardening laws are rules that describe the relationship between the flow stress and the effective plastic strain for a material. For hardening materials, the yield surface evolves in space. The yield surface expands in all directions in proportion to the plastic strain increment. You can define an elastoplastic material by first selecting Isotropic as the symmetry option in the Material Definition dialog box followed by Elastoplastic as the StressStrain Response type. You must then use one of the following options to define the stress-strain response:

Using Test Data: If you select the Define By Tests check box, the Plastic Hardening Law Definition dialog box opens. This dialog box enables you to specify stress and strain values from test data and to find the best-fit curve for a material model. Using Material Constants: To use this option, you must define one of the following isotropic hardening laws and set the coefficient values as necessary for each: o Perfect Plasticity o Linear Hardening

Power Law o Exponential Law For more information about each of these material models, refer to the Pro/ENGINEER Mechanica help files. You must also specify the coefficient of thermal softening (for thermal models only) and the tensile yield stress in order to create a valid elastoplastic material. HyperelasticandElastoplasticMaterialsDemonstration HyperelasticandElastoplasticMaterials_demo.mp4 HyperelasticandElastoplasticMaterialsProcedure
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Procedure: Hyperelastic and Elastoplastic Materials

Scenario
Conduct a static analysis on a bolt stressed beyond its yield stress and examine the resulting equivalent plastic strain in a Results window. bolt head_bolt.prt

Task 1. Examine the simulation model, and create and run a new nonlinear static analysis.
1. Click Applications > Mechanica. 2. Click Materials from the Mechanica toolbar. Right-click STEEL_ASTM-A242 from the Materials in Model list and select Properties. Note that this material has been defined with an Elastoplastic stress-strain response, the Isotropic Hardening Law has been defined, and the Tensile Yield Stress has been specified.

3. Click OK to close the Material Definition dialog box. Click OK to close the Materials dialog box. Note also that a Force/Moment load of 20 kN has been applied in what would be the threaded area of the model in order to stretch the bolt axially.

4. Click Mechanica Analyses/Studies

5. Click File > New Static in the Analyses and Design studies dialog box. 6. In the Name field, type Plastic_Deformation. 7. Select the Nonlinear option, then select the Include Plasticity option. 8. The dialog box should appear as shown. Click OK to complete and close the Static Analysis Definition dialog box.

9. Ensure Plastic_Deformation is selected and click Start Run 10. Click Display Study Status to open the Status window.

> Yes.

The analysis should complete in 1 to 2 minutes.

11. When the analysis is complete, review the information in the Run Status dialog box. Note that the maximum von Mises stress is well in excess of the 345 MPa tensile yield stress of the material. 12. Click Close to close the Diagnostics dialog box. Click Close to close the Run Status dialog box.

Task 2. Examine the results of the analysis.

1. Verify that Plastic_Deformation is selected in the Analyses and Design Studies dialog box and click Results . 2. Verify that the Display Type is set to Fringe, and the fields on the Quantity tab are set to Stress, MPa, and von Mises. Click OK and Show to show the results. 3. Click Copy from the main toolbar. On the Quantity tab, select Strain from the drop-down menu for the first field and set the Component field to Equivalent Plastic Strain. Click OK and Show to show the results. Note in the von Mises stress results window, that much of narrow section of bolt has been stressed beyond its yield point of 345 MPa. As such, plastic deformation should occur in these regions. The equivalent plastic strain results corroborate this: all of the areas that are not dark blue in these results are the areas that underwent plastic deformation. These areas match up with the areas in the von Mises stress results that are greater than the tensile yield stress of 345 MPa.

4. Review the results.

5. Click File > Exit Results > No. 6. If necessary, click Applications > Standard. 7. Click Save from the main toolbar and click OK to save the model. 8. Click File > Erase > Current > Yes to erase the model from memory. This completes the procedure.