UNIVERSITATEA ANDREI SAGUNA

FACULTATEA DE PSIHOSOCIOLOGIE SPECIALIZAREA: PSIHOLOGIE ANUL DE STUDIU: II, SEMESTRUL II ANUL UNIVERSITAR:2012-2013

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DISCIPLINA:ENGLEZA TEMA:Temper me!" T#e$r%: &$'" !( )$*!(+

CONSTANTA

Temper me!" T#e$r%: &$'" !( )$*!(+

The fact that people are fully formed at birth, with temperaments and predispositions fundamentally - different, it is a very old idea. Temperament (Latin temperamentum,temperare! a mi" to dilute, to moderate# is the ori$inal and naive vision of %alen and &ippocrates the dynamic characteristic of the body, behavior and life mental e"plained by mi"in$ four basic humors considered, one of which would dominate, hence the names that have been preserved' choleric, san$uine, phle$matic, melancholic. From &ippocratic vision, humoral hypothesis was finally removed, but remained and confirmed the idea that temperament is or$anic constituent - an idea that circulated in medicine, philosophy and literature until the nineteenth century. (n the other hand, the idea that people born without disposition and thus is )uite malleable seems to come from the early twentieth century. *van +avlov considered conduct amountin$ to nothin$ more than a mechanical responses to environmental stimulations and ,ohn -atson (the first American behaviourist# claimed that it could shape the character of a child in any form and only throu$h conditionin$, indicatin$ that the child to be $iven care it is still su$ar. Then, in ./01, 2arl %ustav ,un$ e"pressed his disa$reement in his boo3 4Types psycholo$ical 4he noted that people are different in essential ways and have a lot of instincts he termed4 archetypes 4that lead from the inside and no instinct is more important than another. *mportant would be the inclination to 4e"traversion4 and 4introversion4 and preferences for what he called 4the four basic psycholo$ical functions' thin3in$, feelin$, sensation, intuition.4 *n other words, ,un$ spo3e at that time of 4psycholo$ical types4 but his theses dust in the cau$ht Academies libraries because at that time psycholo$y was dominated by Freudian psychodynamics, then +avlovian conditionin$. The idea of inborn differences in human actions and attitudes were abandoned. A few years later, Allport loo3ed li3e the temperament 4refers to the events characteristic of an individual nature, the understandin$ of its susceptibility to the force and rapidity of its response and the )uality of its provisions persistent intensity fluctuatin$ mood and particularities. All these are considered constitutive and therefore lar$ely hereditary. 4 5.%. Ananev consider the temperament as psychophysiolo$ical basis of character6 Teplov it morphofunctional premise $eneric aptitudes, as Rubinstein said that the temperament is dinamico-ener$y side of the personality.