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TDMA In TDMA, the bandwidth is just one channel that is timeshared between different stations.

Cdma In CDMA, one channel carries all transmissions simultaneously.

Ans. Approaches for increasing capacity


Cell Splitting :1. If the network is already functioning, it may be found that the network needs expansion only in specific regions and not networkwide expansion. 2. In this case, a cell (or multiple cells) can be split into smaller cells and frequencies are redistributed in a way that does not cause additional interference.

3. Each cell can be split into multiple microcells with own BS Rescaling system to smaller cell size.
4. Transmit power of BS reduced to obtain smaller coverage area than original BS

-Beam Tilting :- By tilting down the antenna beam, the power outside the cell, causing CCI reduces Micro cells :-- antennas move to buildings, hills, and lamp posts .- Micro cells can be introduced to alleviate capacity problems caused by hotspots.- By clever channel assignment, the reuse factor is unchanged. cell sectoring :-- A cell has the same coverage space but instead of using a single omni directional antenna thattransmits in all directions, either 3 or 6 directional antennas are used such that each of these antennasprovides coverage to a sector of the hexagon.-

ans.

Wearablecomputing offers the potential for advancement in human-computer interaction compared to traditional personal computing. Referring to the use of personal computers, displays and sensors worn on ones person, wearable computing facilitates constant access and interaction with a computer, and the Internet, while going about ones daily activities without interruption. the new Google Glass is a contemporary example of wearable computing. Representing an advanced, sleek, beautifully designed head-mounted wearable computer with a display suitable for augmented-reality applications, the Google Glass created frenzy amongst technology enthusiasts, which demonstrated the potential level of market demand for wearable computers. However, the high price tag of US$1500 price tag for Google Glass may lead many to consider what potential might exist for the deployment of wearable computing and wearable sensor-network technologies. One example is the category known as Smart Watches such as the Sony SmartWatch and Pebble Technologys Pebble e-Paper watch, both of which offer constant, on-the-go access to information from the Internet at a glance of the wrist. Smart phones can also help reduce the cost of wearable computing. Given the growing popularity and increasing hardware capabilities of smart phones, these mobile devices carried on ones person can act as a gateway between the Internet (via cellular networks) and other smaller, lower-power wearable computer or sensor devices worn on the body and connected back to the smartphone via standard data links such as Wi-Fi or Bluetooth.

Ubiquitious computing
Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) is an advanced computing concept where computing is made to appear everywhere and anywhere. In contrast to desktop computing, ubiquitous computing can occur using any device, in any location, and in any format. A user interacts with the computer, which can exist in many different forms, including laptop computers, tablets, terminals and phones. The underlying technologies to support ubiquitous computing include Internet, advanced middleware, operating system, mobile code, sensors, microprocessors, new I/O and user interfaces, networks, mobile protocols, location and positioning and new materials. Ubiquitous computing may be seen to consist of many layers, each with their own roles, which together form a single system: Layer 1: task management layer Monitors user task, context and index Map user's task to need for the services in the environment To manage complex dependencies

Layer 2: environment management layer

To monitor a resource and its capabilities To map service need, user level states of specific capabilities

layer 3: environment layer To monitor a relevant resource To manage reliability of the resources

REDUCED UI
Windows Installer provides package developers the capability to author an internal user interface that has multiple levels of functionality. Because the internal UI must be created by the author of the package, the behavior of the full UI, reduced UI, basic UI, and None levels depends on the installation package. The following table describes the functionality commonly ascribed to UI levels.

Reduced UI

Displays any modeless dialog boxes that have been authored into the UI. Does not display any authored Dialogboxes. Displays Disk Prompt messages. Displays FilesInUse Dialog boxes.

Full UI

Displays modal and modeless dialog boxes that have been authored into the internal UI. Displays authore

ANS. CHALLENGES Disconnection Low bandwidth High bandwidth variability Low power and resources Security risks Wide variety terminals and devices with different capabilities Device attributes Fit more functionality into single, smaller device

ANS.
A mobile application (or mobile app) is a software application designed to run on smartphones, tablet computers and other mobile devices. They are usually available through application distribution platforms, which are typically operated by the owner of the mobile operating system, such as the Apple App Store, Google Play, Windows Phone Store, and BlackBerry App World. Some apps are free, while others must be bought. Usually, they are downloaded from the platform to a target device, such as an iPhone, BlackBerry, Android phone or Windows Phone, but sometimes they can be downloaded to laptops or desktops. For apps with a price, generally a percentage, 20-30%, goes to the distribution provider (such as iTunes), and [1] the rest goes to the producer of the app. Mobile apps were originally offered for general productivity and information retrieval, including email, calendar, contacts, and stock market and weather information. However, public demand and the availability of developer tools drove rapid expansion into other categories, such as mobile games, factory automation, GPS and location-based services, banking, order-tracking, and ticket purchases

DISTRIBUTION

2.1 Amazon Appstore 2.2 App Store 2.3 BlackBerry World 2.4 Google Play 2.5 Nokia Store 2.6 Windows Phone Store 2.7 Windows Store 2.8 Samsung Apps Store

ANS.

GNSS augmentation
Augmentation of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is a method of improving the navigation system's attributes, such as accuracy, reliability, and availability, through the integration of external information into the calculation process. There are many such systems in place and they are generally named or described based on how the GNSS sensor receives the external information

Satellite navigation
A satellite navigation or sat nav system is a system of satellites that provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. It allows small electronic receivers to determine their location (longitude, latitude, and altitude) to high precision (within a few metres) using time signalstransmitted along a line of sight by radio from satellite

Communications satellite
A communications satellite or comsat is an artificial satellite sent to space for the purpose of telecommunications. Modern communications satellites use a variety of orbits including geostationary orbits, Molniya orbits, elliptical orbits and low (polar and non-polar Earth orbits).

Ans.7

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