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Nora Younger Instructor: Malcolm Campbell English 1103 December 1, 2013 Would You Rather Be Dangerously Tan or Freakishly Pale? Ha e !ou e er "on#ere# "h! an# ho" a person is so tan #uring the col# an# #ar$ "inter months% &han$s to in#oor tanning, also $no"n as a tanning be#, a #eep an# #ar$ tan can be ac'uire# b! tanning in#oors on a regular basis( &anning be#s are a ailable )or use !ear roun#, ma$ing it eas! )or consumers to tan "hene er the! "ish to ha e a #ar$er comple*ion( E en though in#oor tanning is er! con enient )or consumers, there are multiple minor an# e*treme ris$s that one must ta$e to recei e their #esire# tan( +uch ris$s inclu#e s$in cancer, e!e #amage, an# premature s$in aging( ,rom the moment the tanning be# turns on, the be# is emitting ultra iolent - ./0-1 an# ultra iolent 2 ./021 ra#iation "a es an# the users s$in cells are absorbing them( -ccor#ing to research state# b! the +$in Cancer ,oun#ation, /0- is a long3"a e ra! that penetrates the s$in the #eepest( /0- ra!s are $no"n as the #ominant tanning ra! #ue to the )act that it #amages the s$in4s DN-( &he s$in cells react to the ra! b! #ar$ening the s$in to pre ent )urther cell #amage( &here are t"o #i))erent t!pes o) /0- ra!s, also $no"n as /0- I an# /0- II( /0- I penetrates 3503500 nanometers into the s$in an# /0- II penetrates 3203350 nanometers into the s$in 6/n#erstan#ing /0-7 &he secon# t!pe o) /0 ra! is /02, "hich is a short"a e ra!( /02 ra!s are the cause o) s$in re#ness an# sunburn #ue to #amages to the top la!er o) the s$in, "hich is also $no"n as the epi#ermis( &he thir# t!pe o) /0 ra! is /0C, ho"e er, this ra! #oes not reach earth because it is

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absorbe# b! the o8one la!er( -bsorbing /0 ra!s cannot be a oi#e# #ue to the )act that the sun emits /0 ra!s constantl!( 9hether !ou are going to get !our mail or #ri ing !our car, /0 ra!s constantl! surroun# !ou( Ho"e er, #epen#ing on "hat t!pe o) tanning be# is being use#, the #osage o) /0 ra!s emitte# is e'ui alent to t"el e times the amount o) the sun 6/n#erstan#ing /0-7( E en though consumers are constantl! being e*pose# to /0 ra!s )rom the sun, la"s ha e been implemente# to protect teenagers an# chil#ren )rom /0 ra!s that are emitte# b! tanning be#s( -ccor#ing to the National Con)erence o) +tate :egislatures, in North Carolina an!one )i)teen or ol#er can use a tanning be#( Ho"e er, i) a teenager is o er the age o) )i)teen but is !ounger than eighteen, a parent or legal guar#ian must sign a contract stating that the! are allo"ing their chil# to use a tanning be#( Not onl! are there rules an# limitations )or minors, but also there are la"s that must be )ollo"e# b! all consumers "ho tan in a tanning be# an# tanning salon emplo!ees( In North Carolina, it is illegal )or a consumer to use a tanning be# "ithout using e!e protection( I) the consumer #oes not o"n e!e protection, the tanning salon must be able to sell or loan e!e"ear to the consumer( I) e!e"ear cannot be pro i#e#, then the tanning salon must #en! the consumer ser ice( -lso, it is illegal )or tanning salons to allo" consumers to be in a tanning be# longer than the ma*imum e*posure time( 2ecause each tanning be# is #i))erent, manu)acturers ha e to post the ma*imum e*posure time on the tanning be#, "hich is #etermine# b! the strength o) the tanning be# 6In#oor &anning ;estrictions7( E en "ith the la"s that ha e been implemente# to protect consumers )rom the harm)ul /0 ra!s, the go ernment cannot trul! protect users "ho use tanning be#s( &he onl! "a! to protect consumers )rom large amounts o) /0 ra#iation is to simpl! not use a tanning be#( 2e)ore an!one can use a tanning be#, the! are re'uire# to sign a "ai er stating that the! are a"are o) the

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ris$s o) tanning( ;is$s o) tanning in a tanning be# inclu#e s$in cancer, e!e #amage, an# premature s$in aging 6,or Consumers7( -ccor#ing to the /(+ Department o) Health an# Human +er ices an# the 9orl# Health <rgani8ation, /0 ra!s ha e been i#enti)ie# as a human carcinogen( - human carcinogen is an! substance that is #irectl! in ol e# in causing cancer( +cientists ha e conclu#e# that )irst e*posure to tanning be#s in !outh, an# be)ore the age o) 3=, increases the li$elihoo# o) getting melanoma b! se ent!3)i e percent( 6,or Consumers7 -lso, /0 ra#iation is consi#ere# to be the main cause o) non3melanoma s$in cancers .NM+C1, "hich inclu#es basal cell carcinoma .2CC1 an# s'uamous cell carcinoma .+CC1( &hese t!pes o) cancers a))ect more than t"o hun#re# an# )i)t! thousan# -mericans a !ear( +tu#ies sho" that melanoma, the #ea#liest )orm o) s$in cancer, primaril! a))ect )air s$inne# people an# $ill more than eight3thousan# -mericans a !ear 6/n#erstan#ing /0-7( 9hen presente# "ith these statistics, "hat "oul# ma$e an!one "ant to step )oot into a tanning salon% Ho" are an! o) these statistics com)orting% I belie e that consumers $no" that in#oor tanning is ba#> the! ?ust #o not $no" the meaning behin# all o) the big scienti)ic "or#s that are use# "hen #escribing the cancers( In regar#s to negati e e))ects on the e!es, the International -genc! )or ;esearch o) Cancer .I-;C1 ha e lin$e# the /0 ra!s emitte# in tanning be#s to cancer in the e!e, also $no"n as ocular melanoma( &he most common t!pe o) ocular melanoma is calle# u eal melanoma that a))ects the choroi#, ciliar! bo#!, an# iris( &his is a t!pe o) cancer that #e elops )rom cells calle# melanoc!tes locate# "ithin the e!e pro#ucing melanin( 9hen the melanoc!tes are e*pose# to the /0 ra!s, the! pro#uce melanin, "hich is #ar$ colore# pigment that the s$in pro#uces as "ell( &he choroi#, ciliar! bo#!, an# iris are all colore# b! melanin, but "hen the! are o ere*pose# to /0 ra!s, the! pro#uce e*cess melanin "hich results in #ar$ #iscoloration, an e!e tumor, isible

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in the iris 6Cancer In)ormation7( &hat is "h! it is important to "ear e!e"ear "hile in a tanning be#( E!e"ear "ill not eliminate the abilit! )or /0 ra!s to reach the e!es o) the consumer, but it #oes lessen the amount o) /0 ra!s that actuall! reach the e!e( In a "a!, it can be re)erre# to as a t!pe o) sunbloc$ )or the e!es( @remature s$in aging is also a ris$ an# result o) tanning in a tanning be#( &anning in a tanning be#, especiall! e*cessi e tanning, causes s$in to lose elasticit! because o) the s$in cell #amage( 9hen s$in loses elasticit!, it begins to "rin$le an# "ill e entuall! present a leather! loo$( 9rin$les ma! not sho" up imme#iatel!, an# it has been pro en that "rin$les an# s$in #iscoloration appear se eral !ears a)ter a burn or tan( &here is no sa)e "a! to tan, because tanning is essentiall! #amaging !our s$in, "hether it is in#oor or out#oor( < erall, one tan or burn can #etermine ho" !our s$in loo$s )or the rest o) !our li)e an# e*treme e*posure )rom tanning be#s shoul# be a oi#e# at all costs 6,or Consumers7( In#oor tanning #oes not onl! a))ect users ph!sicall!, it also a))ects users ps!chologicall!( +cientists ha e conclu#e# that tanning has become a##icti e( -ccor#ing to a stu#! con#ucte# at the /ni ersit! o) &e*as +outh"estern Me#ical Center, users "ho tanne# )re'uentl! "ere e aluate# b! a brain scan( &he brain scans #ispla!e# results o) patterns that "ere similar to the patterns o) people "ho ha e a #rug a##iction( -ccor#ing to those results, it has been pro en that "hen the /0 lights in a tanning be# light up, certain parts o) the brain that are associate# "ith re"ar# become more acti e( -nother set o) participants "ho tanne# regularl!, at least three times a "ee$, "ere in?ecte# "ith ra#ioisotope "hich allo"s scientists to measure brain acti it!( 9hen the bulbs o) the tanning be# lit up, so #i# parts o) the brain that are associate# "ith a##iction( -ltogether, there is a correlation bet"een in#oor tanning an# becoming a##icte# to /0 ra!s .Mi$elberg1( In m! opinion, I thin$ that some consumers use in#oor tanning as a temporar! high(

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2ecause o) the ultra iolet ra!s, their bo#ies are reacting in an a##icti e manner( &hin$ o) it this "a!, i) !ou are recei ing a stimulus that ma$es !ou happ!, !ou "ill continue to go bac$ to it( &his is because it is human nature to li$e things that ma$e us )eel goo#( E en though all o) the in)ormation state# throughout this paper is bac$e# up b! science, there are still people "ho claim that tanning in a tanning be# is actuall! goo# )or consumers( +ome a# ocates o) tanning #e ices ma! argue that tanning is a tanning be# is sa)er than tanning outsi#e( &heir argument consists o) comparing ho" the amount o) /0 ra#iation "hile in a tanning be# is limite# an# can be controlle#, ho"e er the! #o not ac$no"le#ge that the intensit! o) the /0 ra!s are much greater than the sun( &hin$ o) it this "a!, "hen !ou are outsi#e tanning it ma! ta$e t"o hours to get one s$in tone #ar$er but "hen !ou are in a tanning be#, it onl! ta$es t"o minutes to get the same tan( Ho" coul# that be health!% Doesn4t it soun# too goo# to be true% 6,or Consumers7 -nother argument that is presente# is that /0 ra! e*posure is a goo# source o) itamin D( <ne tanning be# compan! a# ertise# that the sun "as the onl! source o) itamin D( &his statement is untrue> itamin D can be )oun# in se eral )oo#s such as )ish, cereal, an# #air! pro#ucts( &he amount o) itamin D nee#e# on a #ail! basis is )ar less than the amount that a tanning be# releases( &here)ore, tanning is suppl!ing the bo#! "ith an e*cessi e amount o) itamin D .Carruth1( 9hen consi#ering that )act that I use# to in#oor tan )re'uentl!, I "oul# li$e to state that I coul# bac$ up all o) these statistics "ith m! personal e*periences( 9hen I "oul# use the tanning be#, I "oul# tan se eral #a!s in a ro"( -t times I "oul# be so satis)ie# "ith m! tan that I "oul# continue to tan )or longer perio#s o) time( I "oul# #o this to see ho" #ar$ I coul# get "ithin a short perio# o) time( &anning in a tanning be# became so e))ortless an# I #i# not thin$ t"ice about the sunburn I "as recei ing on a #ail! basis( :ittle #i# I $no" that the sunburn that I "as

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recei ing "as hurting me more than I thought( I $ne" that there "ere "arning labels on the tanning be#s but I sa" "arning labels on e er!thing, I #i# not thin$ an!thing o) it( It "as not until I began m! research )or this pro?ect "hen I reali8e# ho" much #anger I "as putting m!sel) in( ,rom the moment that I began m! research, I reali8e# that I ha# become a##icte# to in#oor tanning( 9hen I "oul# go to the tanning be# I notice# a signi)icant change in m! moo#( I began to )eel more con)i#ent in regar#s to m! bo#! an# as I tanne# more, an# I also reali8e# that m! moo# ele ate# signi)icantl! a)ter I tanne#( &he ele ate# moo# "oul# onl! be noticeable )or a )e" hours, but it unconsciousl! encourage# me to continue tanning( E er since I ha e collecte# these statistics, I ha e stoppe# tanning in#oor permanentl!( 2ecause I am no" e'uippe# "ith the $no"le#ge o) the negati e e))ects o) in#oor tanning, I ha e share# in)ormation "ith m! lo e# ones an# )rien#s( +ome ha e ta$en m! a# ice an# re)use to in#oor tan, but others still #o not belie e the statistics( ,or e*ample, m! mother still continues to use a tanning be#( Her reasoning is that she onl! tans once or t"ice a !ear, an# that amount o) use cannot a))ect her( -t the en# o) the #a!, people "ill #o "hat the! "ant to #o( It is not until something horrible happens to them health3"ise that the! reali8e "hat the! "ere #oing to their bo#! all along( 2ecause m! mom has #eci#e# to in#oor tan, I ha e suggeste# that she start using arti)icial tanners that #o not in ol e using a tanning be#( -s state# on s$incancer(org, creams, spra!s, an# "ipes are no" a ailable )or sunless tanning( &hese sunless tanners #o not contain an! ultra iolent ra!s( +unless tanners are ma#e up o) a #ih!#ro*!acetone .DH-1, "hich is a coloring agent that is ma#e out o) a simple carboh!#rate( DH- coats the s$ins sur)ace "hich results in a bro"nish melanin molecule name# melanoi#s that ma$e the s$in appear tan( Depen#ing on "hich sel)3tanner is use#, antio*i#ants

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such as ca))eic aci# pheneth!l .C-@E1 can be a##e# to pro#uce a more natural s$in tone )or the user( I personall! ha e use# sunless tanners )rom multiple bran#s( 2ecause I ha e a er! pale s$in comple*ion, it "as har# to )in# the right sunless tanner )or m! s$in( :uc$il!, man! companies allo" consumers to test the pro#uct be)ore the! bu! a )ull bottle( &he application process o) using a sunless tanning lotion "as eas! an# #oes more than ?ust ma$e pale s$in loo$ #ar$er( +unless tanning lotions also moisturi8e !our s$in( 2ecause !ou ha e to appl! the lotion to !our entire bo#! to recei e an e en comple*ion, !ou are also moisturi8ing !our entire bo#!( 2e)ore I use# in#oor tanning lotion, I #i# not spen# the time to moisturi8e m! bo#! e er! time I got out o) the sho"er( &he onl! #ra" bac$ I ha e hear# about or e*perience# in regar#s to sunless tanners "oul# ha e to be improper application results( I) !ou #o not appl! the lotion to !our bo#! e enl! then !our s$in "ill loo$ strea$!( &hat is "h! it is important to )ollo" all application proce#ures care)ull!, "hich inclu#es "ashing !our han#s thoroughl! a)ter appl!ing the tanner( I) one #esires to recei e a tan "ithout ha ing to la! out in the sun, sunless tanning in the )orm o) lotions or other materials is the sa)est option( -ltogether, in#oor tanning shoul# be a oi#e# at all costs( /ltra iolent ra!s negati el! impact the bo#! in multiple e*treme "a!s( /sers "ho use tanning be#s )re'uentl! nee# to reali8e that their beaut! is not "orth all o) the health ris$s( It is better to be pale an# li e a health! li)e then it is to be tan an# put !our health in #anger( ,rom m! personal e*perience, I "as a strong belie er in tanning be#s( I belie e# that I #i# not ha e enough time to lie outsi#e )or se eral hours to obtain the per)ect comple*ion( I belie e# that the tanning be# "as sa ing me time an# e))ort( 2ut little #i# I $no" that I "as putting m! current an# )uture health in ma?or #anger(

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9or$s Cite# DCancer In)ormation(D Cancer Information( 9e -re MacMillan, n(#( 9eb( 0= No ( 2013( Carruth, Eli8abeth( DDo &anning 2e#s Cause +$in Cancer an# <ther Harm)ul E))ects%D Effects of Tanning Beds( 0an#erbilt /ni ersit! n(#( 9eb( 23 <ct( 2013( D,or Consumers(D Indoor Tanning: The Risks of Ultraviolet Rays( ,D-, 22 -ug( 2013( 9eb( 22 <ct( 2013( Hec$man, Carol!n E( D@re alence an# Correlates o) In#oor &anning among /+ -#ults(D Sciencedirect.com( +cience Direct, 20 Ean( 200C( 9eb( 22 <ct( 2013( Hensle!, +cott( D/se <) &anning 2e#s Common, Despite Cancer ;is$s(D NPR( N@;, 10 Ma! 2012( 9eb( 22 <ct( 2013( DIn#oor &anning ;estrictions )or Minors 3 - +tate3b!3+tate Comparison(D Indoor Tanning Restrictions and Reg lations( National Con)erence o) +tate :egislators, +ept( 2013( 9eb( 22 <ct( 2013( Mi$elberg, -man#a( DIn#oor &anning Is @h!sicall! -##icti e, +a!s +tu#!> /0 :ight -cti ates 2rainFs ;e"ar# Centers (D N! "aily Ne#s( Ne" Yor$ Dail! Ne"s, 12 No ( 2011( 9eb( 23 <ct( 2013( 6,a$e It, DonFt 2a$e It7( +$in Cancer ,oun#ation, n(#( 9eb( 31 <ct( 2013( 6/n#erstan#ing /0- an# /02(7 +$in Cancer ,oun#ation, n(#( 9eb( 22 <ct( 2013(