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Code No: 9A01101/R09

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013 B.Tech I Year Regular and Supplementary Examinations

Set-2
Solutions
Max. Marks: 70

May - 2012 ENGINEERING MECHANICS

( Common to AE, BT, CE and ME )

Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks --1.

A 600 N cylinder is supported by the frame BCD as shown in figure. The frame is hinged at D. Determine the reactions at A, B, C and D. (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.2)
300 mm 600 mm D

r = 150 mm

Figure 2. What is the difference between a truss and frame? Write down the basic assumptions for frame analysis. And discuss two methods for analyzing the frame for different forces. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.1) A screw jack has square threads 50 mm mean diameter and 10 mm pitch. The load on the jack revolves with the screw. The coefficient of friction at the screw threads is 0.05. (i) (ii) Find the tangential force required at the end of 300 mm lever to lift a load of 6000 N. State the jack is self locking. If not, find the torque which must be applied to keep the load from descending.

3.

(Unit-III, Topic No. 3.3)

4. A steel cylinder of diameter 200 mm and height of 300 mm rests centrally over a concrete rectangle of 1000 800 600 mm size. Determine the center of gravity of the system, taking weight of concrete = 28500 N/m2 and that of steel 81000 N/m2 (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2) 5. Derive the expression for mass moment of inertia of a homogeneous sphere of radius r and mass density w, with reference to its diameter. (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.2.1) (a) A radar equipped police car notes a vehicle travelling at 110 kmph. The police car starts pursuit of the vehicle 30 seconds after the observation and accelerates uniformly to 160 kmph, in 20 seconds. Assuming that speeds are maintained on a straight road, how far from the observation point will the chase end? (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1) A train moving with constant acceleration travels 7 m during the 10th second of its motion and 5 m during the 12th second of its motion. Find its initial velocity and acceleration. (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1)

6.

(b)

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-2) JNTU-Anantapur

7.

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Block A initially rests on a spring which is tide with a 75 cm long inextensible cord, as shown in figure. The cord becomes tight home, when the system is released from rest. Determine the stretching of the spring to bring the system at rest. The cylinder weights 85 kg and rotates on smooth bearings. Consider R = 0.45 m and r = 0.20 m, mA = 75 kg and mB = 40 kg. Take spring constant K = 1.5 N/mm. (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.5.3)

B A

Figure 8. A homogeneous square plate with a centered hole is supported as a compound pendulum as shown in figure. Calculate the time period T for small oscillations in the vertical plane of the plate. (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.1)

8 cm

12 cm

Figure

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Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013

SOLUTIONS TO MAY-2012, SET-2, QP

Q1. A 600 N cylinder is supported by the frame BCD as shown in figure. The frame is hinged at D. Determine the reactions at A, B, C and D.
300 mm 600 mm
mm 50 1 =

The angle of inclination between OA and OD is given as,

450 = tan 1 150

= 71.565

The sum of vertical forces is zero i.e., V = 0 RD sin RB = 0 RD =

RB sin

Figure Answer : May-12, Set-2, Q1 Consider the free body diagram of cylinder as shown in figure (1).

600 sin 71.565

RC 600 N RB

RA

RD = 632.456 N Also, the sum of horizontal forces is equal to zero i.e., H = 0

Figure (1): Free Body Diagram of Cylinder Under Equilibrium Condition The sum of vertical forces is zero i.e., V = 0 600 RB = 0 RB = 600 N RC RA = 0 RC = RA

RC RD cos = 0 RC = RD cos = 632.456 cos (71.565) = 200.001 N

The sum of horizontal forces is zero i.e., H = 0,

RC ~ 200 N = RA

The reaction of various points are, RA = 200 N RB = 600 N RC = 200 N RD = 632.456 N

450 mm

Now, consider the free body diagram of frame as shown in figure (2).
RD D

Q2.

RC O RB

150 mm

A 150 mm

What is the difference between a truss and frame? Write down the basic assumptions for frame analysis. And discuss two methods for analyzing the frame for different forces. May-12, Set-2, Q2

Figure (2): Free Body Diagram of Frame

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Engineering Mechanics (May-2012, Set-2) JNTU-Anantapur

Answer : Differences Between Trusses and Frames Trusses 1. The geometrical configuration of the members is often closed with joints at ends. The loads are applied only at joints. Only straight members are used. Trusses has perfect relationship between the number of members and joints. 1. Frames

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The configuration of members need not be closed in a frame. The members may be continuous beyond the joints. The loads may be applied anywhere on the member and also on joints. Bent members can also be used. There is no relationship between the number of of members and joints.

2. 3. 4.

2. 3. 4.

P Q C P D Q D A
Figure (2): Frame

C R E

A
Figure (1): Trusses Basic Assumptions for Frame Analysis

The basic assumptions made in frame analysis for determining the forces in the members are as follows, 1. 2. 3. 4. The frame is assumed to be a perfect frame. All the members are attached by pin joints only. The loads are applied only on the joints of the frame. The self weight of the members is negligible when compared to the load. The two methods for analyzing the frame for different forces are as follows, (i) (ii) Method of Joints Method of Sections

Methods for Analyzing the Frames

These method can be better understand by a simple problem as follows, For answer refer Unit-II, Q9. Q3. A screw jack has square threads 50 mm mean diameter and 10 mm pitch. The load on the jack revolves with the screw. The coefficient of friction at the screw threads is 0.05. (i) (ii) Answer : For answer refer May/June-10, Set-3, Q3. Find the tangential force required at the end of 300 mm lever to lift a load of 6000 N. State the jack is self locking. If not, find the torque which must be applied to keep the load from descending. May-12, Set-2, Q3

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Q4.

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013 Let, S = distance between the observation point and chase ending point. t = time taken by the speeder to cover the distance, s t = time taken by the police to chase the speeders vehicle. = (t 30) Now, Consider the motion of speeders vehicle. Assume that the speeder moves with uniform velocity, i.e., Uspeeder = 30.556 m/s Distance covered by speeder, S = uspeeder t S = 30.556 t ... (1) Now, consider the motion of police car acceleration of police car, apol = 2.222 m/s2 Initial velocity of police, upol = 0 Time taken by the police to cover the distance (S ), t = t 30 Using the relation, we have, S = u (t ) +

A steel cylinder of diameter 200 mm and height of 300 mm rests centrally over a concrete rectangle of 1000 800 600 mm size. Determine the center of gravity of the system, taking weight of concrete = 28500 N/m2 and that of steel 81000 N/m2.

Answer : May-12, Set-2, Q4 For answer refer May/June-11, Set-3, Q4. Q5. Derive the expression for mass moment of inertia of a homogeneous sphere of radius r and mass density w, with reference to its diameter. Answer : May-12, Set-2, Q5 For answer refer Unit-V, Q19. Q6. (a) A radar equipped police car notes a vehicle travelling at 110 kmph. The police car starts pursuit of the vehicle 30 seconds after the observation and accelerates uniformly to 160 kmph, in 20 seconds. Assuming that speeds are maintained on a straight road, how far from the observation point will the chase end? Answer : Given that, Velocity of speeders vehicle, Uspeeder = 110 kmph May-12, Set-2, Q6(a)

5 18 = 30.556 m/s Initial velocity of police car, upol = 0 m/s Final velocity of police car, Vpol = 160 kmph
= 110
5 18 = 44. 444 m/s

1 a(t ) 2 2
1 ( 2.222)(t 30) 2 2

= 0(t 30) +

S = 1.111 (t2 + 900 60t) Equating the equations (1) and (2) 30.556 t = 1.111 (t2 + 900 60t) 27.503 t = t2 + 900 60t t2 87.503t + 900 = 0 t = 75.598 sec or t = 11.905 sec

... (2)

= 160 time,

t1 = 20 sec Uniform acceleration of the police car can be determined by using the relation V = u + at1 44.444 = 0 + a (20)
44.444 20 a = 2.222 m/s

By solving the above equation we get, Time 11.903 seconds is not possible because the police car starts after (t 30) seconds i.e., 11.905 30 = 18.905 seconds Time taken by the speeder to cover the distance, S is t = 75.598 seconds

a=

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Distance covered by the speeder, S = 30.556 75.598 = 2309.972 m = 2.31 km

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The distance between the observation point and chase ending point S = ,2.31 k
(b) Answer : Given that, Distance covered by the train during the 10th second, S10 S9 = 7 m Distance covered during 12th second, S12 S11 = 5 m The total distance covered in 9 seconds is given as, Sn = ut +

A train moving with constant acceleration travels 7 m during the 10th second of its motion and 5 m during the 12th second of its motion. Find its initial velocity and acceleration. May-12, Set-2, Q6(b)

1 2 at 2

1 2 S9 = u (9) + (a)(9) 2
S9 = 9(u) + 40.5(a) Distance covered in 10 seconds is given as,
th

... (1)

1 2 S10 = u (10) + (a)(10) 2

S10 = 10u + 50a Distance travelled during the 10 second is given as, S10 S9 = 7 m (given) 10u + 50a 9u 40.5a = 7 u + 9.5a = 7 Similarly the distance travelled in 11 seconds is given by,
1 2 S11 = u (11) + ( a )(11) 2
th

... (2)

... (3)

S11 = 11u + 60.5 a And, S12 = 12u +

1 ( a )(12) 2 2

... (4)

S12 = 12u + 72a But, S12 S12 = 5 m (given) 12u + 72a 11u 60.5a = 5 u + 11.5 a = 5

... (5)

... (6)

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On solving equations (3) and (6) we get, a = 1 m/s
2

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013 Assume is the angular acceleration of pulley,

Substituting the value of a in equation (3), u + 9.5 (1) = 7 u = 7 + 9.5 = 16.5 m/s2
Initial velocity of train = 16.5 m/s and acceleration = 1 m/s 2

TB TA B A mA K = 1.5 N/mm mB

Q7.

Block A initially rests on a spring which is tide with a 75 cm long inextensible cord, as shown in figure. The cord becomes tight home, when the system is released from rest. Determine the stretching of the spring to bring the system at rest. The cylinder weights 85 kg and rotates on smooth bearings. Consider R = 0.45 m and r = 0.20 m, mA = 75 kg and mB = 40 kg. Take spring constant K = 1.5 N/mm.
r

Figure aB = .R = 0.45 m/s2 and aA = .r = 0.2 m/s2

Consider the motion of the mass mA mA.g mA.aA = TA TA = 75 aA + 75 9.81

B A

TA = 75 aA + 735.75 Consider the motion of the mass mB TB = mB aB + mB g TB = 40 aB + 40 9.81

... (1)

Figure Answer : Given that, L = 75cm = 0.75 m R = 0.45 m r = 0.20 m mA = 75 kg mB = 40 kg K = 1.5 N/mm = 1.5 103 N/m M = 85 kg But, May-12, Set-2, Q7

TB = 40 aB + 392.4 Consider the motion of pulley, T = TA 0.2 TB 0.45

... (2)

T = I = (MK2) = (85 (0.75)2) T = 47.813 TA 0.2 TB 0.45 = 47.813 ... (3)

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Subtituting equation (1) and (2) in (3), we get ( 75 aA + 735.75) 0.2 (40 aB + 392.4) 0.45 = 47.813 ( 75 (0.2 )+ 735.75) 0.2 (40 (0.45 )+ 392.4) 0.45 = 47.813

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Q8.

3 + 147.15 8.1 176.58 = 47.813 58.163. = 29.43 = 0.506 rad/s2 ve sign indicates compression of the spring. aB = 0.45 0.506 = 0.228 m/s2 aA = 0.2 0.506 = 0.101 m/s2 The disturbing force when the weight is disturbed from its equilibrium position is given by, Fd = ma The restoring force in the spring, Fs = kx Inorder to bring the system in rest condition, The Fd and Fs must be equal i.e., Fd = Fs ma = kx 75 0.101 = 1.5 103 x x = 0.005 m = 5 mm The stretching of the spring to bring the system at rest, x = 0.005 m = 5 mm A homogeneous square plate with a centered hole is supported as a compound pendulum as shown in figure. Calculate the time period T for small oscillations in the vertical plane of the plate.

8 cm

12 cm

Figure Answer : Given that, Diameter of centered hole, d = 8cm = 0.08 m Side of square, S = 12 cm = 0.12 m May-12, Set-2, Q8

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For circular hole, ( I z ) Hole =

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013

(0.08) 4 + ( 0.08) 2 ( 0.04) 2 32 4

= 0.12064 104 m4 For square plate, ( I z ) plate =

(0.12) 4 + (0.12) 2 (0.04) 2 6

= 0.576 104 m4 The moment of inertia of the given plate can be determined as, IZ = ( I z ) plate ( I z ) Hole = 0.576 104 0.12064 104 = 0.45536 104 m4 The radius of gyration is given by,
2 = Kz

Iz A2 plate
2 AHole

2 Kz

0.45536 10 4 = (0.12) 2 (0.08) 2 4

= 4.858 103

Time period for small oscillations in vertical plane is given by, T = 2

2 Kz g .r

= 2

4.858 10 3 9.81 0.04

T = 0.6991 sec

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