The Nature Of Audio Research Questions

Answers
3. We measure 2. (b) What frequency in property of hertz (Hz) and 1. Describe how sound sound Killohertz (KHz). waves travel, referring 2. (a) The does your What does to particles, height of answer to frequency relate compression, and the wave is 2. (a) relate to in terms of a refraction. called...? to? waveform? Air particles vibrating into each other, squashing together one moment (compression) and stretching out the next (refraction). It is this movement of air particles vibrating that causes sound to travel in air. Amplitude. 5. (a) When different harmonic waveforms are added together, 4. (b) With the human ear can reference to a hear the vibrating differences and string, what perceive these 5. (b) What does this are differences as word (your answer to 5. harmonics? new what...? (a)) mean? The different character of sounds - e.g. why a metal door sounds metallic, why a wooden door sounds wooden etc. This is also When strings what makes instruments vibrate in 2 have their characteristic halves, 3 sound - e.g. why a thirds, 4 trumpet sounds like a quarters, and trumpet and not like a so on. Timbre. violin.

4. (a) With reference to a vibrating string, what is the fundamental?

Volume.

How long it takes for one cycle of a waveform to repeat (i.e. one cycle = one peak and trough).

The fundamental pitch of the string, vibrating as one whole piece - i.e not being divided into fractions.

9. If digital 8. Give 3 sound is examples of represented by a 7. What is the ways in which a series of 6. Name the 4 similarity sound engineer voltages - on stages that shared by both can manipulate and off signals, describe how an ear drum waveforms, and or 1s and 0s sound is and a the technical how is it converted into microphone equipment that represented in electrical diaphragm? is used to do the analogue energy. so. domain?

10. (a) How is an analogue waveform represented digitally?

10. (b) What is the sample period?

Air Pressure Variations (the vibrations of air particles) -> Mechanical Movement -> Conversion Into Magnetic Energy -> Conversion Into Electrical Energy

They both convert air pressure variations into mechanical movement via the vibration of the drum / diaphragm.

Cut / Boost frequencies via EQs and Filters. Change the amplitude via amplifiers. Modulate the waveform via oscillators.

Represented by: - physically patterns etched onto vinyl. - magnetic imprints on feric oxide dust stuck to plastic tape -

Samples taken at regular intervals along the analogue waveform, encoded into binary language (1s and 0s).

10. (c) What is a sample 10. (d) What rate of is sampling 48KHz? bit depth? Mr Abbs: "Can someone explain bit depth to me please?" The rest of the music department: "It's how deep the bits are". The best I can come put with is: the level of detail taken at each sampling point.

10. (e) How does a higher bit depth improve digital audio?

11. What does DAC stand for and what does it do?

The distance between one sampling period and another.

48,000 samples per second.

Gives a better signal to noise ratio. Digital to Analogue Each Converter. additional Decodes bit adds 6 digital binary dB to the code back dynamic into analogue range of (audible) the audio. sound.