Chemistry

Name: Orla Deignan Period: 2

T h e M o l e C o n c e p t U n i t 4

Moles, Molecules, and Grams Lab

As we e already disc!ssed in class" its easy to ma#e con ersions $etween moles" molec!les%&orm!la !nits" and grams' (or e)ample" i& we want to go &rom moles to grams" we !se the molar mass to ma#e this con ersion' *& we want to go &rom moles to molec!les" we !se A ogadros n!m$er" or +',2 ) -,2.' (inally" i& we want to go &rom grams to molec!les%&orm!la !nits" we /!st !se a two step process where we &irst con ert &rom grams to moles" and then &rom moles to molec!les%('U' 0is!ally" it loo#s li#e this: Molar mass 1rams Units +',2 ) -,2. Moles Molec!les%(orm!la

*n this la$" we will $e weighing o!t &i e di&&erent s!$stances then &inding o!t how many moles and molec!les%('U' o& each one we ha e' Prelab: *& yo! meas!re o!t 22', grams o& NaO3 in this la$" how many moles o& NaO3 wo!ld yo! ha e4 3ow many &orm!la !nits

Lab: *n this la$" there are &i e di&&erent $alances set !p" each o& which has a la$eled s!$stance in a little /ar ne)t to it' 5o!r /o$ is to &ind o!t how many moles and how many molec!les o& each s!$stance are in the canister' 6ome Ma#e in&ormation yo! might &ind !se&!l: sand $a#ing soda 7Na3CO.8 chal# 7CaCO.8 ta$le salt 7NaCl8 s!gar: s!crose 7C-2322O--8 s!re that yo!r la$ has a data ta$le that contains the &ollowing: The name o& each o& these s!$stances The &orm!la &or each o& these s!$stances The molar mass o& each o& these s!$stances The mass in grams o& each o& these s!$stances'

9hen yo! are done weighing each material" calc!late the n!m$er o& moles o& each material" and the n!m$er o& molec!les o& each one" and p!t them in the right space' All calc!lations m!st $e shown on lined paper with all con ersion &actors and !nit cancelling' Data Table: Sand Formula Molar Mass Mass (grams 6iO2 +,',: g 22',. g Baking Soda Na3CO. ;4',- g 42'4: g Chalk CaCO. -,,'- g ;'4+ g Table Salt NaCl 2;'44 g -2-'-- g Sugar C-2322O-.42'. g ;;';: g

*mages &rom the <a$: All the di&&erent s!$stances 6!gar 7C -2322O--8

6and 76iO28

6alt 7NaCl8

7Na3CO.8

Chal# 7CaCO.8

=a#ing 6oda

Mass o& the container

Molar Mass Calc!lations:

Calculations: Using yo!r data" &ind the &ollowing al!es' Ma#e s!re to show all wor# and write all n!m$ers with the correct signi&icant &ig!res' -a' N!m$er o& moles o& sand: ,';+2: moles o& 6iO2

$' N!m$er o& molec!les o& sand: 2'2->-,2. molec!les o& 6iO2

2a' N!m$er o& moles o& $a#ing soda: ,'2,2; moles o& Na3CO.

$' N!m$er o& &orm!la !nits o& $a#ing soda: .',4>-,2. (orm!la Units o& Na3CO.

.' N!m$er o& &orm!la !nits o& chal#: 2',:>-,22 (orm!la Units o& CaCO. 3int: 6tring two con ersions together

4' N!m$er o& &orm!la !nits o& salt: -'2+>-,24 (orm!la Units o& NaCl

2' N!m$er o& molec!les o& s!gar: -'2+>-,2. (orm!la Units o& C-2322O--

Post Lab !uestions: -' 9hich o& the materials we wor#ed with had the largest n!m$er o& molec!les%&orm!la !nits4 9as this the material that had the largest weight4 9hy4 This goes to show that /!st $eca!se the mass o& a s!$stance has more grams that does not mean that it contains more molec!les' The amo!nt o& molec!les" or moles" depends on the molar mass'

2' 9ater has a molec!lar &orm!la o& 32O' *& * ha e 2,', g o& water" how many moles o& water do * ha e4 3ow many molec!les4

.' =!tane has a molec!lar &orm!la o& C43-,' *& * ha e 2,', grams o& $!tane" how many moles o& nat!ral gas do * ha e4 3ow many molec!les4

4' * had the same weight o& water and $!tane in pro$lems . and 4' 9hy didnt the answer come o!t the same4 ?)plain' This is $eca!se water and $!tane each ha e a di&&erent molar mass' ? en tho!gh there mass in grams is the same" they ha e a di&&erent molar mass" which in t!rn a&&ects the amo!nt o& moles and molec!les'