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First Aid
FIRST AID
An immediate and temporary care given to the victim of an accident or sudden illness until the service of a physician can be obtained.
Sequence of Actions
Give the urgently necessary first aid Have the victim lay down Check for injuries Plan what to do Carry out the indicated procedures
While first aid is being administered to the patient, someone else should call for a physician.
Keep the patient lying down Protect the patient from necessary disturbance and handling to prevent shock.
Plan what to do
Call a doctor or an ambulance
Take all the precautions in handling the patient Discuss the problem with responsible relatives Instruct helpers on what to do
Stop the bleeding first, then know if artificial respiration is needed and then a more thorough examination will be done.
Poisoning
Direct Pressure
Choking
Heart attack
Strangling
Poisoning
Improper use of insect spray Mixing alcohol and medicines Keeping unlabeled medicines
Symptoms of poisoning
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Nausea Headache Dizziness
Make the person vomit by giving four or more glasses of warm water with salt or baking soda in it to dilute the poison. Milk to protect the digestive track lining.
After vomiting give him/her an activated charcoal powder mixed with water, milk with eggs, flour mixed with water, crumpled burnt toast.
Sprain
Symptoms of Sprain
Swelling Tenderness Pain in motion Discoloration of the skin
Back muscles
Symptoms of Strain
Muscle pain
Cramps
A break in a bone
Kinds of Fractures
Break in the bone without a wound
Kinds of Fractures
Has wound caused by the end of the broken bone tears through the skin
Kinds of Fractures
Bone is broken into small pieces
Symptoms of fracture
Hearing or feeling a bone snap Feeling a grating of broken bones rubbing together
Obvious deformities, swelling and discoloration of the injured parts
Cover all open fractures with a clean pad or cloth Immobilize the broken bones and the adjacent joint with a splint or an arm sling.
Don not attempt to push back the bone end
Loosen victims collar, belt and pants Do not give the victim any liquid Turn his/her head to one side to allow saliva to drool Allow the victim to sleep and dress after seizure If breathing stops apply artificial respiration Get medical help if convulsion occurs again
Symptoms of appendicitis
Intense pain in the abdomen
Usually felt around the area of the navel, pain moves to the lower right side of the abdomen Pain causes the victim to lose appetite, vomit, be constipated, and have fever
If breathing stops, but pulse is felt, apply artificial respiration or mouth to mouth resuscitation
Symptoms of stroke
The patient becomes unconscious, breaths heavily, and suffers paralysis of the upper or lower extremities or both.. The pupils of the eyes both may also be unequal in size size..
Symptoms of stroke
If the damage to the brain is mild, there may be dizziness or headache, a sudden failure of memory, muscular difficulty involving some body parts, a speech defect or ringing of the ears.. ears
Redness or paleness of the face Fast or weak pulse Breath smells of alcohol Loss of consciousness
Snake Bite
First Aid for Sudden Illness The process of allowing air to and from the lungs by mechanical or manual means.
Ankle Pull
Grasp the victim by both ankles or pant cuffs.. cuffs
Pull with your legs, not your back back.. Keep your back as straight as possible. possible. Try to keep the pull as straight and in in-line as possible.. possible Keep aware that the head is unsupported and may bounce over bumps and surface imperfections. imperfections.
SHOULDER PULL
Grasp the victim by the clothing under the shoulders. shoulders. Keep your arms on both sides of the head.. head Try to keep the pull as straight and in inline as possible. possible.
Try to keep the pull as straight and in in-line as possible.. possible
SHOULDER PULL
Grasp the victim by the clothing under the shoulders. shoulders. Keep your arms on both sides of the head.. head Try to keep the pull as straight and in inline as possible. possible.
Try to keep the pull as straight and in in-line as possible.. possible
Blanket Drag
Blanket Drag
The shoulder drag is accomplished by placing the victim in a supine position (laying on his back), grasping the clothing behind his shoulders, and dragging him in the desired direction.. direction Place the casualty in the supine position on a blanket and pull the blanket along the floor. floor. Always pull the casualty head first, with the head and shoulders slightly raised so that the head will not bump against the floor. floor.
Firemans Drag
Firemans Drag
Put the victims hands on his chest while he is lying on the floor Tie both hands with a handkerchief, a piece of cloth or bandage Straddle over the victim with the body supported by the arms and knees Put the tied hand around your neck Slowly crawl while carefully dragging the victim toward a safer place
Lovers Carry
Firemans Carry
Firemans Carry
Hook your elbows underneath the person's shoulders as they're laying face down. down. Lift them up gently until their chest is against yours.. yours Grasp the person's right wrist with your left hand and place it over your right shoulder.. shoulder
Squat down, keeping your back as straight as possible.. possible
Place your right hand between the legs of the victim and behind their right thigh. thigh. Using the muscles in your legs, rise from the squatting position and hoist the person's right thigh over your right shoulder.. Keep your back straight. shoulder straight. The left leg and arm of the person should now be hanging behind and the body is supported by your shoulders shoulders.. Hold onto their right arm and leg with your right and left hands, respectively, as you stand up. up.
Using a Stretcher
Chair Carry