NORMA ITALIANA CEI Norma tatiana CEI EN 61938 Daa Pabbicasione Btn 1998-12 Prima Gasifcazione Fasccoo 100-39 4950E i Sistemi audio, video ed audiovisuali Interconnessioni e valori di adattamento Valori di adattamento consigliati dei segnali analogici Te Audio, video and audiovisual systems Interconnections and matching values Preferred matching values of analogue signals TELECOMUNICAZIONI E TECNOLOGIA DELL’INFORMAZIONE comtar lustioTEeNco ENR CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE + AEI ASSOCIAZIONE ELETTROTECNICA ED ELETTRONICA ITALIANA, TAUAND RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CEI AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALESOMMARIO. La presente Norma si applica al valrielettrit di adattamento per Tinterconnessione di segnall analogict {ra apparecchiature audio, video e sistemi AV (audiovisuali). La presente EN viene pubblicata dal CEI nella sola lingua originale inglese, a causa dela limitata utilizza- zione, particolarmente mirata a settori specialist DESCRITTORI « DESCRIPTORS Registrazion video + Video recardings; Registrazioni sonore Sound recadings; Apparat di registrazione « Recording apparatus; Sistemi tlevisivi + Television systems; Materiale audiovisuale * Audiovisual material ‘Apparat radio + Rao equipment Interconnessione delle apparecchiature * Appliances interconnection Segnali analogici + Analog signals; Marcatura + Marking, COLLEGAMENTI/RELAZIONI TRA DOCUMENT! (S00) CEI 60-11:1993-12; CEI 84-4:1990, (DT) EN 61998:1997-01; EN 61938 Eo:1997-02; (107) IEC 61998:1996-12; ure Appronata dat Soups Gripe abo INFORMAZIONI EDITORIALL CELEN 61938 rotticrsione Notma Tecnica canto De Invigore ae eta 1999-2-4 i euana Europeo e Internazionale Nessuna Nessuna 1100-Sistemi e apparecchiature audio, video e multimedia (ex CT 84/60, SC 12A, SC 126) Presidente del CEI Dana 1998-11-20 CENELEC Data 1996-12-9 Inchiesta pubblica come Documento originale isa clas 1996-10-31 B Ssiontani, © 38.160.40;, ($00) Lama nape sesttasce compan Norm eat open) (in) Laka apet eiencs ale rms nee op ere) © CEI- Milano 1998, Riproduzione vietata “ut ison ier. Nesura pat peer Docume pub ese riod fsa can un mez qual eel canseng srt dl CE Le Nome CE sano evsion quand nessa, con fa publcione sia noe edn sia variant, Empat peta oe gue dele sess aetna essere in possess dl ua edo ovarian RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALEEuropaische Norm + Norme Européenne « European Standard + Norma Europea EN 61938:1997-01 + EN 61938/EC:1997-02 Sosttuisce i documenti HD 369.4 S2 (1993) e HD 483.15 4 (1992) Sistemi audio, video ed audiovisuali Interconnessioni e valori di adattamento Valori di adattamento con: Audio, video and audiovisual systems Interconnections and matching values Preferred matching values of analogue signals CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a National Standard without any alteration, Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references con- ‘cerning sich National Standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. ‘This European Standard exists in three official ver- sions (English, French, German). A version in any other language and notified to the CENELEC Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Waly, Lu xembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom, (©-CENELEC Copyright reserved to all CENELEC members. 1 Comitati Nazionali membri del CENELEC sono tenu- in accordo col regolamento interno del CEN/CENE. LEG, ad adowtare questa Norma Europea, senza aleuna ‘modifica, come Norma Nazionale Gili clenchi aggiomat e i relatviriferimenti di tai Nor- me Nazionali possono essere ottenuti rivolgendosi al Segretario Centrale del CENELEC o agli ulfici di qual- siasi Comitato Nazionale membro, La presente Norma Europea esiste in tre version uli- ali Cinglese,francese, tedesco) Una traduzione effettuata da un altro Paese membro, sotto la sua responsabilit nella sua lingua nazionale ‘enotificata al CENELEC, ha la medesina valiita I membri del CENELEC sono i Comitati Eletrotecnici Nazionali dei seguenti Paesi: Austria, Belgio, Dani ‘marca, Finlandia, Francia, Germania, Grecia, Idanda, Islands, tala, Lussemburgo, Norvegia, Olanda, Por- togall, Regno Unito, Spagna, Svezia e Svizzera | ait siproduzione questa Norma Europea sono riser esclu- ‘vamente al membr nazonal del CENELEC, CENELEC ComtatoEuropo 6 Normalzzaon Betotecica Secrtarit Cota Comité Evopéen de Normalisation Electrotech European Commie or Excel Sardeaton rye ge Stassar 36, 81080 Brulee Exopsisces Kort ir Ekrotctische Nemung RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALECONTENTS ay pie Pag 1 GENERAL 1 1. Scope 1 12 Normative references 1 2 GENERAL CONDITIONS AND DEFINITIONS: 1 2a General conditions 1 22 Definitions 1 3 POWER SUPPLY 4 a4 Alternating current (a.c.) power supply voltages and frequencies 4 32 Direct current (<.c.) power supply voltages 4 33 Power supply feed for microphones 4 4 INTERCONNECTIONS 4 aa Connections, 4 42 Connectors 5 5 MARKING AND SYMBOLS FOR MARKING 6 5A Marking 6 52 Symbols for masking 6 6 ELECTRICAL MATCHING VALUES 6 6A General purpose output/input 6 62 General purpose audio output/input 6 63 General purpose video input/output, 8 MATCHING OF MICROPHONES AND AMPLIFIERS 9 Microphones (excluding piezoelectric types) ° Microphones with built-in amplifier 9 Power supply feed for electret microphones fed by a separate conductor 1» Phantom supply system, w A.B supply system 0 Polarity of the audiofrequency voltage u 8 MATCHING OF RECORD-PLAYING UNITS (PICK-UPS) AND AMPLIFIERS 2 9 ‘MATCHING OF LOUDSPEAKERS AND AMPLIFIERS 3 Single unit loudspeakers 13 Loudspeaker systems 13 Voltage (or power) matching of amplifiers and loudspeakers 4 Polarity of the sound pressure 4 0 MATCHING OF HEADPHONES AND AMPLIFIERS 5 " MATCHING OF AMPLIFIERS TO AMPLIFIERS 16 ma Pre-amplifiess and power amplifiers for general purpose and sound reinforcement ..... 16 nz Broadcast and similar line amplifiers 6 ZA. pomaiwe Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications » NORMA TECNICA cele etzoo0-2 ¢ Pagina iv RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALEFOREWORD ‘The text of document 100C/22/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 1938, prepared by SC 100C, Audio, video and multimedia subsystems and equipment, of IEC TC 100, Audio, video and multimedia systems and equipment, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEG as EN 61938 on 1996/12/09. ‘This European Standard supersedes HD 369.4 $2:1993 with its corrigendum Sep- tember 1993 and HD 483.15 $4:1992. ‘The following dates were fixed: = latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publi- cation of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 1997/09/01 = latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 1997/09/01 Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, annex ZA is normative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEG ENDORSEMENT NOTICE ‘The text of the International Standard IEC 1938:1996 was approved by CENELEG as a European Standard without any modification, NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina v RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALENORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina vi RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE1 GENERAL 1 Scope ‘This International Standard applies to electrical matching values for the intercon nection of analogue signals amongst audio, video and AV system equipment. ‘This standard includes audio but not video signals for broadcast and similar use. Interconnections using the 21 contact connector described in IEC 807-9 are not included in this standard. Matching values for vehicle applications are excluded. For the interconnection of digital signals, it is necessary to refer to IEC 958. Note. A diagram showing possible interconnections, with cross-references to the appropriate clauses, {s given in figure 1 12 Normative references ‘The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are sub- ject 1o revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents listed below". Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards 2 GENERAL CONDITIONS AND DEFINITIONS 24 General conditions All voltages are rms. voltages, unless otherwise indicated Impedances of audio circuits are valid in the frequency range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz, unless otherwise indicated 22 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply: 221 Luminance signal An electrical signal representing the luminance of the television picture elements. LEV 723-0556] 222 — Chrominance signal O} An electrical signal that is associated with the luminance signal to convey colour information, In practice this signal is made up of two components [EV 723-05-571 Editor's Note: For the Uist of Publications, see Annex 2A ¢ NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 1 oi 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE223 224 226 227 228 229 22.10 Note Y" signal, VBS signal ‘The Y" signal is a combined signal consisting of = a luminance signal; + blanking and synchronizing signals. The ¥*signal equals the composite video signal (CVBS signal) without the C” signal. Colour signal, C" signal A chrominance signal with burst signal included, modulated on a subcarrier. Blanking signal Signal used to control the suppression of the signal conveying picture informa- tion during certain parts of the scanning period, for example, during fly-back [EV 723-05-37] Synchronizing signal A signal used to determine the timing for the scanning processes in transmission and reception. [IEV 723-05-36] Composite video signal, compo or CVBS signal ‘The composite video signal is a combined signal consisting of =a luminance signal; = acolour signal; «blanking and synchronizing signals. video blanking synchronization Interface A shared boundary between two pieces of equipment, defined by functional characteristics, common physical interconnection characteristics, signal character- istics and other characteristics, as appropriate, [ISO/IEC 2382-9, modified) Minimum output voltage ‘The voltage measured across the rated load impedance of a piece of equipment, and related to a minimum input signal limited by signal to noise ratio. Maximum output voltage ‘The voltage measured across the rated load impedance of a piece of equipment and related to a maximum input signal limited by non-linearity Rated source impedance ‘The internal impedance, stated by the manufacturer, of the source supplying the signal to the piece of equipment. Unless otherwise specified, the rated source im- pedance is assumed to be a constant pure resistance. Notes: T The manufacturer may also give the range of source impedances which be considers toler- able in practice. 2 Multiple values, or a range of values, may be specified, providing the corresponding rated (distortion-timited) oulput voltages and/or powers are also stated. worn etc 0-2 ¢ Pagina 2 i 22 ELEN 6193: RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE2.242 2.2.13 2218 Noe 2.2.16 2217 Input impedance ‘The internal impedance measured between the input terminal and its corre sponding return of the piece of equipment. Rated source e.m.f. ‘The e.mf. specified by the manufacturer which, when connected to the input ter minals in series with the rated source impedance, gives rated distortion-limited output voltage across the rated load impedance at an appropriate setting of the controls, Minimum source e.m.f. for rated output voltage ‘The em. which, when connected to the input terminals in series with the rated. source impedance, gives rated output voltage across the rated load impedance with the volume control(s), if any, set for maximum gain and the tone control(s), if any, set as specified for rated conditions. Rated load impedance ‘The impedance, specified by the manufacturer, to which the output terminals are to be connected for measuring purposes. Unless otherwise specified by the man- ufacturer, the rated load impedance shall be assumed to be a constant pure re~ sistance. “lip values, ora range of values, may be specified, providing the corresponding rated (als- tomton-tinited) output voltages and/or powers are also stated. Output source impedance ‘The internal impedance measured between the output terminal and its corre sponding return under specified conditions. Rated output voltage ‘The voltage specified by the manufacturer, measured across the rated load-im- pedance of a piece of equipment. Overload source e.m.f. ‘The maximum source e.m.f. for which a piece of equipment, connected as for rated conditions and with an appropriate setting of the volume control, can deliv- er an output voltage 10 dB below the rated distortion limited output voltage without exceeding the rated total harmonic distortion NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 3 ai 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE3 POWER SUPPLY 34 Alternating current (a.c.) power supply voltages and frequencies For ac. power supply voltages and frequencies, reference is made to IEC 38, For special applications, for example ships and aircraft, other voltages and/or fre~ quencies and the permissible tolerances are subject to agreement between manu- facturers and users. 32 Direct current (d.c.) power supply voltages DC power supply voltages and the permissible tolerances are given in table 1 ‘The equipment should operate over the range of voltages given, but may not necessarily meet all of its specifications at the given limits ‘ast Direct current (d.c.) power supply voltages and tolerances ‘Type of power supply Rated Operating voltage/cell voltaye/cell v Lower limit) Normal Upper limit v voltage Primary batteries f= Alkali-Manganese, zinc chloride-zine ! 5 165 Lithium (1 lectolyte) ‘ 20 30 a7 id, except vehicle batteries 18 22 i, vehicle batteries us 26 un 1a 33 Power supply feed for microphones Reference is made to 7.3, 74 and 7.5 4 INTERCONNECTIONS 4a Connections Signal cables shall have the appropriate electrical characteristics to permit the wansfer of signals between the parts of a system without unacceptable impair- ment. Note The degree of impairment which is unacceptable depends on the system specification and the need 10 comply with otber international standards such as those concerning electromagnetic companibitity 444 Characteristics of cables ‘The following characteristics of cables should be taken into account. 41.14 Resistance of the conductors A resistance of less than one-hundredth of the load impedance is usually accept- able for loudspeaker connections. For other applications, values of one-tenth are acceptable. Note Zong cables may therefore require conductors of larger cross-section area than those of short cables. NORMA TECNICA cel evotsn at. ¢ Pagina 4 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE44a 4443 Notes: 4444 4445 4446 4447 4118 42 Noe Noe Noe Insulation resistance An insulation resistance of 50 MQ is usually acceptable. Inductance of conductors ‘This is normally only important for very long cables. ‘The acceptable value varies too widely to give more than general guidance. In the absence of particular requirements, the inductive reactance should not ex- ceed one third of the load impedance at the highest frequency of interest. 1 The inductance of an tsolated single conductor (of typteal length to diameter ratio of the type of cable normally used in these applications) is approximately 2 uH/m. 2 The requirement ensures less than approximately 1 dB loss at the bighest frequency of in- terest Capacitance between conductors ‘The acceptable value varies too widely to give more than general guidance. For conductors carrying different audio signals, and in the absence of particular re- quirements, the capacitive reactance should exceed 1000 times the load imped- ance at the highest frequency of interest. This ensures that the relative crosstalk level is approximately -60 dB ifthe two conductors carry signals at similar levels. Capacitance from conductor to screen ‘The acceptable value varies too widely to give more than general guidance. In. the absence of particular requirements, the capacitive reactance should exceed three times the source impedance at the highest frequency of interest. This ensures less than approximately 1 dB loss at the bighest frequency of interest Characteristic impedance ‘This is usually only important for high-frequency signals (such as digital signals in accordance with IEC 958). Continuity of screening In some applications, screening should be connected to contacts of connectors at both ends of the cable. In other cases, screening should be connected at one end of the cable only (for example to eliminate circulating currents). Cable and con- nector assemblies preferably should be marked to show which practice has been applied ‘The screening of signal cables and connectors shall not be used as. a means for the preservation of safety earth continuity for the prevention of electric shock hazard, Efficiency of screening ‘The use of screening is meant to reduce the unwanted effects of electromagnetic disturbances, such as: a) in reducing crosstalk between conductors in the same cable ) in reducing emission of unwanted signals from the cable; ©) in maintaining immunity from external signals entering via the cable. ‘These characteristics are related, but good performance in one respect does not ensure good performance in another Connectors For connectors used within the system, reference shall be made to the reference documents given in 1.2. NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 5 ai 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE5 MARKING AND SYMBOLS FOR MARKING 54 Marking ‘Terminals and controls shall be adequately marked to give information regarding, their function, characteristics and polarity. ‘The marking shall be such that it is possible to adjust the controls and to identify their positions with sufficient accuracy in connection with the information given in the user instructions, 52 ‘Symbols for marking Marking preferably should be composed of letter symbols, signs, numbers and colours, which are internationally intelligible. Reference is made to IEC 27, IEC 417, IEC 617 and IEC 1293. Markings not included in the above-mentioned standards shall be clearly explained in the user instructions. 6 ELECTRICAL MATCHING VALUES 61 General purpose output/input In order to preserve the maximum flexibility of use and compatibility in the de- sign of equipment, all inputs of destination equipment, and all outputs of source equipment for general applications shall have the same specifications. These are termed “general purpose input/output” ‘The manufacturer may choose to designate some or all of these input/outputs for particular purposes, for example the general purpose input/output for audio sig- nal would be designated for tuner, for tape recorder, or for auxiliary input, in or- der to simplify the operation, but the specification of all such inputs and outputs nevertheless shall be identical 62 General purpose audio output/input Values for general purpose audio input/output are given in table 2, and in ac- companying notes. ‘as.2 General purpose matching values for audio signals ‘ab.22 General purpose matching values for audio signals for audio-only interfaces for consum- er equipment ‘Output (note 1) Input Matching values Matching values Output source impedance 2.2K | Rated source impedance 2.2.ko Rated load impedance kA Input impedance =2ko Rated output voltage O5V | Rated source em. 05V, (note 2) (nove 5) Minimum output voltage 02V——/Minimum source emi for) 02V (note 3) | rated output voltage Maximum output voltage 2V ‘Overload source ean 228V (note (note 6) For notes, see following pages NORMA TECNICA cel enorme. ¢ Pagina 6 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE‘aw.2 General purpose matching values for audio signals for professional (non-broadcasting) interfaces, and for Interfaces on consumer equipment where audio and video signals are present on the same connector or cable Oui Rat Rat Min Mai Output (note 4) Input Matching values Matching values xput source impedance | 1K Rated source impedance 1ko ied load impedance 10KQ Input impedance 210 k2 fed output voltage O5V Rated source emi 05V (note 2) (note 5) nimum output voltage 02V Minimum source em. for 02 (ote 3) rated output voltage “Maximum output voltage 2V ‘Overload source em. 228V (note (rote 6) [NOTES to tables 2a and 2b: 1 2 ‘The output voltages are measured with the rated load impedance connected, “The value corresponds to: 4) wan aevil input level of 40 8 (pW) for FM radio tuners, ie. 0,86 mV across 75 @ or 1,79 mV across 300 2, The modulation factor is 54%; ae input emt. of mW for AM radio tunes. The modulation factor is 30%: vision carrie input level of 70d (ul) for TV sound tuners, having the sound to vision cartier rato of the relevant television system (see ITU-R BT.470-4). The modulation factor is 54% for both AM and FA ‘The modulation factor of the above signals is based on the average modulation factor ofthe relevant emissions, averaged over at leat 15 5 1b) the output ofa tape player or monitor, when reproducing a calibration tape in accordance with IEC 94-2; 4) the output of a aigital audio source (see note 7), when reproducing a sinewave signal recorded at a level 12 dB below ‘ul scale (see note 4) recorded digital signal 1b) a source eve equal to the average lve ofthe system in ote cass. “The value corresponds to: 4) level of 8 JB below the recording level given in 2b) above inthe case ofa tape player or monitor 1b) the minimum source em. othe input of the system (8 JB below the rated source emt.) in other cases ‘The valve as shown isnot spect fr tuners. In the case ofa digital audio source (see note 7), itis not necessary to define @ minimum output voltage since itis directly related tothe rated output voltage “The value corresponds to: 4) the maximum rf. input signal level and maximum modulation inthe case of tuners. In some countries, FM emissions may exceed the rated maximum system deviation, while in others this isnot permitted. AM emissions employing high-fficiency modulation techniques may produce at the recever an audio output voltage corresponding to an apparent modulation of mare than 100%, upto approximately 150%; 1b) the maximum recording level inthe case ofa tape player or monitor, ©) the Wl scale" level, which i the sinewave signal having positive and negative peak values represented by the digital values of 7FFFH and 6001H ina 16 bit system in the case ofa digital audio source (see note 7). In the compact aise specication, these values corespond to a maximum (t:m-.) analogue output vot- age of 2 =3 08 {the input ofthe system when applying the overload source e.m-. (12 8 above the rated source em.) in ther cases. In he case ofa tape recorder, the value wich produces the same intensity ofthe magnetic eld as that ofthe calibration tape in accordance with IEC 942. For inputs intended only forthe connection of analogue sources, the value is greater han or equal 2,0. For inputs intended for the connection of analogue outputs of cigital audio sources (see note 7), the value is great- er than or equal to 2.8 V, ‘The cigital auc source may be a compact dis (CD) player, a digital audiotape (DAT/DCC) recorder or player ‘atelevsion receiver with digital sound reception facies ora recive for digital audio broadcast (se note 8) For NICAM receivers, the relationship between the levels of alignment level tones transmitted bythe broadcast- ing authorities andthe maximum cigital coding level, and between the levels of alignment level tones in mono and stereo modes, may vary in diferent counties. See: fa) EBU Techn. SPB 424 (3d. Ed) 1b) NIGAM 728: Specification fortwo adltional digital sound channels with system | television, IBA, BREMA and BBC, London 1988, NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 7 ai 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE63 General purpose video input/output Values for general purpose video input/output are given in table 3 and in accom- panying notes ‘as.5 General purpose matching values for video sign Inputfoutput Matching values NTSC PAL SECAM Rated impedance (note 1) 752 Composite video signal (note 2) 1Vpp23dB © Y" signal (notes 2.5 and 6) 1Vpp=3dB © C’ signal (notes 3 and 6) 0.286 Vip | 03 Vpp Not =3dB8” | =3d8 | applicable Primary colour (RGB) signal (note 4 o7Ve01V difference between peak value und blanking level Cotes 4 and 6) Superimposed dc. component = ownVv (1) The specified signal volages should be measured under matched conditions. (2) Ditference between peak white level and synchronizing level. Synchronizing level should comply with ITU-R 470-4, Table Ian Il For the possible eects of non-standard synchronizing evel, se IEC 107-6 (8) The values given inthe table are the standard peak-to-peak amplitudes ofthe colour reference burst (or NTSC ad PAL and ofthe unmoduated Dy ehrominance carer (for SECAM). The corespanding amplitude for PAL “00/0000 colour basis 885m, an for NTSC 1007 5100/75 colour bars the amplitude s 835 mV. (4) Forte analogue monochrome signals, he difference between any two primary colour signals and other pa- rameters suchas V and vision colour signal stall nt exceed 0.5 dB. The peak values of primary colour signals are those that givers oa peak wht luminance signa (6) The Y'signal consists ofthe compost signal according to ITU-R Report 624-4 without the burst and chromi- ranoe signals or colour subcater. (6) The permitted tolerances on the component signal levels should not be applied dierent. For example, a degraded picture quality is kel the signal level i atthe minimum int of tolerance andthe Csigral at the maximum it NORMA TECNICA ¢ CEL EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 8 i 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE1 MATCHING OF MICROPHONES AND AMPLIFIERS 7A Microphones (excluding piezoelectric types) Matching values for microphones are given in table 4 ‘4 Matching values for microphones and amplifiers Microphone ‘Amplifier Matching values Output Input for Electrodynamic Electrostatic microphones ‘microphones microphones professional use | Consumer use air and electret-dielecric | microphones ‘microphones Rated impedance Rated source 200 2 2009 1ko impedance Rated loud - 1ko 1k Ska impedance - Input impedance |= 1 KO B1ko 35kO (oote 1) Rated output | Rated source 02 mv Lomv 2a voltage (note 2). ems - Minimum source | 0,08 mV Amv 08 mv emi for rated ‘output Maxionom Overload source 02v 1V NA output voltage eam for (ote 3) Iproadeasting sand sound reinforcement use (note 3) Maxionam ‘Overload source | 20 mV NA 200 mV output voltage eam for Grote 4) household use Coote 4) Nts 41 The values ofthe impedance apply over the frequency range 40 Hz to 16k 2m acordance to 11.2 of IEC 268-4 4) the values given relate to 02 Pa sound pressure (80 dB (20 uPa) sound pressure level; 5) for close-alking microphones, te rated output voltage is related to 3 Pa sound pressure (104 68 (20 Pa) sound pressure eve), and for his cass of microphones, the values of ouput voltage should be 20 48 above thos sted: ©) forelecret microphones, he value varies from 0,2 mi to 20 ml, dependent on type; 4) for certain types of highly directional microphones the value may be as high as 100 mv 3 Values given relate to 100 Pa sound pressure (134 dB (20 uPa) sound pressure lev! aking ino account a6 4B higher microphone senstviy. The requirement for overoad source ems. maybe met by means of an ad justabeatenuatr built into the pre-ampler, preceding the gan contol 4 Values given relate to 10 Pa sound pressure (114 dB (20 ua) sound pressure lve), taking into account a6 48 higher microphone sensitiv For mains operated household equipment he values given for broadcasting and sound reinforcement may be required to avoid overload under extreme condition. 12 Microphones with built-in amplifier ‘These microphones may be equipped with an adjustable attenuator or an elec- tronic gain control circuit. ‘The output characteristics should comply either with the values for the appropri- ate type of microphone or those for general purpose output/input of audio equipment (see 6.2). NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 9 gi 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE73 Power supply feed for electret microphones fed by a separate conductor Power supply voltage U = 1,5 V to 12 V. ‘This requirement applies when use is made of the connector 130-9 IEC-20/21, as given in IEC 268-11 14 Phantom supply system 741 General In the phantom supply system, both signal conductors have the same d.c. poten- tial, This allows the use of microphone connections either for microphones which do not need a power supply (for example dynamic types), or for micro- phones having a circuit fed from a separate supply. In either case, it is essential that the amplifier to which the microphone is connected has a balanced floating input TAZ ‘Supply voltage polarity ‘The positive pole of the supply voltage shall be connected to the electrical centre of the signal conductors, the negative pole to the screen of the cable. 143 Circuit diagram A typical circuit diagram for connection and power supply is given in figure 2. ‘The resistors R, and R, shall be within 10% of their rated value, and shall be matched to within £0,4%. ‘Table 11 gives the required values for voltage and current and typical values for R, and Rj, Instead of the resistors and/or the transformers shown in the diagrams, other circuit components may be used, provided that the voltage and current re- quirements given in table 11 are met, and that the balance of the circuit is not disturbed. Note A cenire-tapped transformer fed via a series resistor may be used. 744 Marking ‘The supply voltage shall be marked on the microphones using P12, P24, or P48, If the microphone is designed to operate on more than one supply voltage, this should be indicated by a suitable marking, for example P48/12. 745 Preferred value of the supply voltage Although 12 V and 48 V systems are still in use, 24 V systems are preferred for new developments 15 A-B supply system 751 General In the A-B supply system, the supply current flows through the signal conductors a and b only (see figure 3). Care should be taken to avoid incorrect operation by switching off the power supply before connecting microphones which do not need a d.c. power supply (for example dynamic types). If not built into the am- plifier, suitable series capacitors shall be inserted in order to avoid d.c. magneti- zation of the input transformer. NORMA TECNICA cele orsnat-12 ¢ Pagina 10 i 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE182 183 154 185 16 Output impedance of the microphone ‘The output impedance of the microphone shall not exceed 200 @ within the ef- fective frequency range (40 Hz to 16 kHz). Circuit diagram ‘The circuit diagram for connection and power supply is given in figure 3. The re- sistors R, and R, shall be within #10% of the rated value, but if the power supply is connected to earth (see 7.5.4), they shall be matched to within 1%. ‘Table 12 gives the required values R, and Ry Instead of the resistors shown in the diagrams, other components may be used, provided they have the equivalent dc. resistance. for voltage and current and typical values for Connection of the power supply to earth ‘The positive pole A or the negative pole B may be connected to earth, Marking Microphones for A-B supply shall be marked with the letters AB. Polarity of the audiofrequency voltage An inward movement of the microphone diaphragm (a positive instantaneous sound pressure) shall produce a positive instantaneous voltage on pin 2 (with re spect to pin 3) of the connector according to IEC 268-12, or on pin 1 (with re- spect to pin 3) of the connector, according to IEC 268-11 NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 11 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE8 MATCHING OF RECORD-PLAYING UNITS (PICK-UPS) AND AMPLIFIERS Matching values for analogue record playing units and amplifiers are given in ta- ble 5, ‘ae.5 Matching values for analogue record-playing units and amplifiers Pick-up Amplifier Matching values Matching values Output Velocity sensitive Input for pick-up Velocity sensitive High Low High Low Rated “To be stated by Rated source Series wo impedance the manufacturer impedance equivalent 22 ko “The series equivalent inductance is also important Rated load a7 ko 1002 | Inputimpedance 7 KO 100.2 impedance 20 pF in parallel (ore 4) with 220 pF Rated output Sav O3mV | Ratedsouceemf) — SmV 03 mv voltage (note 2) Minimum source | -2,0 mV 0.12 mv ‘em for rated output voltage Maximum 35 mV 28m | Overloadsouwe |= 35 aN 228 a output voltage ems ote 3) Nites: 1. To determine the em values given in the table, the fllowing sensitivity ranges for pick-ups have been taken into account: s high output: 0,7 mViomis to 2 mem. ‘lor output: 0.04 mVlemis to 0.16 mem High output pick-ups are usually ofthe moving magnet type and low output pick-ups ar usualy of the moving col type 2 The values are related to a velocity of 7 emis andthe lower sensitivity limits given in note 1 3 The values are related to a velocity of 17,5 cmis an the upper sensitivity limits given in note 1 The maximum output voltage values can be expected inthe mi-frequency range between about 700 Hz and 3000 Hz 4-4 This value i based ona parallel capacitance of 200 pF forthe record-playng unit and its connecting cable, and 220 pF in- put capactance ofthe ampli. NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 12 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE9 MATCHING OF LOUDSPEAKERS AND AMPLIFIERS on Single unit loudspeakers ‘The following values of rated impedance for single unit loudspeakers are pre ferred: 4 @, 8 Q and 16 @ 92 Loudspeaker systems 924 Loudspeakers with built-in amplifier A loudspeaker system with a built-in amplifier shall be considered as a power amplifier. The values given in the right-hand part of table 9 apply. 922 Impedance-defined loudspeaker systems Matching values for impedance defined loudspeaker systems are given in table 6, ‘a.6 Matching values for impedance-defined loudspeaker systems ‘Amplifier Loudspeaker systems a Output for loudspeakers Input ‘Output source impedance = < 1/10 the rated load impedance over the rated frequency range Rated load impedance Rated imped 40 sa | Wo For electrostatic and piezoelectric loudspeakers, the rated impedance shall repre- sent the impedance for correct interconnection, taking into consideration the ca- pacitive character of the load presented to the amplifier 923 Constant voltage loudspeaker systems hb.7 Noe Matching values for voltage defined loudspeaker systems are given in table 7. Matching values for constant voltage loudspeaker systems ‘Amplifier Loudspeaker systems (Ourput for loudspe: Rated output voltage - 25V | 35V | 50V | 70V | 1O0V Matching values Input d voltage Sov. 70V 100V ‘Ouipat source = 1/2 of the sated impedance over the rated frequency range ‘The lower voltages in the table apply for the common practice of using a larger number of these loudspeakers at reduced power, each loudspeaker covering a smaller area. “The rated load mpedance 2 scaleylated from the rated output power P ofthe amplifier and ihe Ine voltage Va given by 2208? ‘The range of voltages may be extended to higher values for amplifiers designed for long distance distribution of power to a network of loudspeakers: for exam- ple, for line broadeasting in residential quarters from a central amplifying sta NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 13 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE93 Voltage (or power) matching of amplifiers and loudspeakers 931 Introduction In order to achieve optimum matching of amplifiers and loudspeakers, with re- ard to the intended conditions for use, the following characteristics are speci- fied. a) Short-term maximum output voltage and power of an amplifier: see IEC 268-3, b) Short-term maximum input voltage and power of a loudspeaker: see TEC 268-5, ©) Long-term maximum output voltage and power of an amplifier: see TEC 268-3, ® Long-term maximum input voltage and power of a loudspeaker: see TEC 268-5, 932 — Matching requirements ‘The matching requirements depend on the condition of operation of the equip- ment as follows. In the case of: a) low probability of incorrect operation leading to clipping of the amplifier (e.g. most hi-fi applications), and where the short-term and the long-term output voltages or powers of the amplifier differ by more than 3 dB: «the short-term input voltage or power of the loudspeaker shall be greater than or equal to the short-term output voltage or power of the amplifier; «the long-term input voltage of the loudspeaker shall be greater than or ‘equal to one-half of the long-term output voltage of the amplifier; Note This implies that the long-term input power of the loudspeaker s greater than one quarter of the long-term ouput power of the amplifier b) low probability of incorrect operation leading to clipping of the amplifier (e.g. most hi-fi applications), and where the short-term and the long-term output voltages or powers of the amplifier are not substantially different (less than 3 dB): «the long-term input voltage of the loudspeaker shall be greater than or ‘equal to one-half of the long-term output voltage of the amplifier; Note. "This implies that the long-term input power of the loudspeaker ts greater than one quarter of the longterm output power of the amplifier ©) significant probability of clipping in the amplifier, (e.g. sound reinforcement and household use) but acoustic feedback or other types of oscillation are not taken into account: «the long-term input voltage or power of the loudspeaker shall be greater than or equal to the long-term output voltage or power of the amplifier, 94 Polarity of the sound pressure A positive instantaneous voltage at pin 1 with respect to pin 2 of the connector, according to IEC 268-11, shall produce an outward movement of the loudspeak- er diaphragm (a positive instantaneous sound pressure) worn etc caress ¢ Pagina 14 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE10 MATCHING OF HEADPHONES AND AMPLIFIERS hb.6 ‘This output is designed to produce, as far as possible, a constant sound pressure level in the headphones for a given setting of the volume control, irrespective of the impedance of the headphones over the range 8 @ to 2000 Q. The matching values are given in table 8 Electrostatic headphones equipped with matching units should also comply with the requirements of this clause. Other types of electrostatic headphones are not covered by this standard. General purpose matching values for headphones and amplifiers ‘Amplifier Headphon Output for headphones | Matching values Input for amplifier Matching values Output source 1200 Rated source 1209 impedance (note 1) impedance (note 1) Rated load impedance! 8 2000 Rated impedance 16, 32, 64, 200, 600 @ (note 4) Rated source emi 5 V max Rated input voltage sv (notes 2and 3) Gee I 268-7) Notes: ‘1 For most types of headphones, the source impedance has very lit effect onthe performance. 2 For equipment having a low supply voltage, t may nat be possible to produce S VI the rated output voltage is less than 5 V the ability to operate with high impedance headphones is restricted. 3 The5\V (rms.) represents a maximum signal voltage, on peaks of programme level. Signals at this voltage should not be clipped. 4 The intertace is also satisfactory fr headphones wit rated impedance between 8. and 2000 0. NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 15 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE1 MATCHING OF AMPLIFIERS TO AMPLIFIERS nA Pre-amplifiers and power amplifiers for general purpose and sound reinforcement Matching values for pre-amplifiers and power amplifiers are given in table 9. ‘as.9 Matching values for pre-amplifiers and power amplifiers Pre-amplifi wer amplifier (notet) Output Matching values Input for pre-amplifier Matching values Output soure 21k2 Rated source 1ka npedance impedance Rated load impedance 10k Input impedance =10ko Coote 2) Rated output voltage iV - - (note 3) - - Minimum source 1V emi. for ited output voltage Rated distortion =v - - limited output voltage Notes 1. For power amplifiers which have no volume controls, the rated source emis identical to minimum source emf, fr rated output voltage andthe overoad source em. doesnot apply Power amplifiers, however, may be provided witha volume contol. In his cas, the overioad source e.mi. should be 38. 2 The rated load impedance shall be 1 ko for pre-amplifes for sound reinforcement. Tis permits upto 10 power amplifies tobe fed in paral 3 Applying the relevant minimum source em. for ated output voltage to the input ofthe pre-amp, with the gain control at maximum. 12 Broadcast and similar line amplifiers Matching values for broadcast and similar line amplifiers are given in table 10. ‘ao. 10 Matching values for broadcast and similar fine amplifiers Input Matching values Output Matching values Rated source 010 300 | Output source Modulus = 50 npedance impedance Argument 2157 between 10 Hz and 22,4 kHz Input impedance Modulus = 10 kA | Rated load impedance 00 2 Argument 2 45° between 40 Ha tind 15 Kitz Rated source emf 195 Nonnal working 195 V +8. dB(0,775 V)__| output voltage +8. dB 0,775 V) Overload source 3.88 V - - ems +14 dB 0.775.) Unhakance 2-50 dB - - Hz 10 10 kita) NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 16 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALEW213 GF A converter d. 2 usar = Headphones of te Gf ee : ~ i 2 i Prater & £ z 5 i no coals I — | emir non un eres and memory “The numbers above the arrows refer to the appropriate clauses of this sandara e NORMA TECNICA cel EW ersa8-990-12 Pagina 1722 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE9.2 Example of phantom power supply system tw.11 Required values for phantom supply systems Supply voltage RVetV 2iV=AV Supply current 7 Max. 15mA | Max. 10 mA R, and R, (iypical values) ‘680 @ 1.2ko (ee note) isVEaV Max. 10 mA 68k ssw Equipment ited with 1,2 ko resistors isnot compatible with some types of microphone designed for 12V op- eration. Such microphones require resistors of at last 2.4 ko with 224 V supply. 9.3 Example of A-B power supply system fl NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 18 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALEtw. 12 Required values for A-B power supply systems ‘Supply voltage Supply current 7 Ryand Ry Max. 15 ma 180 2 ¢ NORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 19 i 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALEWwWeEX ZA omaive Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications ‘This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions. of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies Gincluding amendments) Note When an buternational publication bas been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication | Year Title ENHD | Ye uc 27 series | Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology HD 245, series TEC 38 (mod) | 1983 | IEC standard voltages” HD 472511989 TEC/DIS 50723) || International Flectrotechnical Vocabulary (EV) Chapter 723: Broadcasting: Sound, television and data TEC 942 1994 | Magnetic tape sound recording and reproducing EN 60004-21995 systems Patt 2: Calibration tapes TEC 107-6 1989 | Recommended methods of measurement on receivers HD 567.6 SL 1990 for television broadcast transmissions Part 6: Measurements under conditions different from Dproadeast signal standards TEC 2685 1989 | Sound system equipment EN 6026859 1996 Part 5: Loudspeakers TEC 268-7 1984 | Part 7: Headphones and headsets - - TEC 268-11 1987 | Part 11: Application of connectors for the HID 483.11 1993 interconnection of sound system components $38) TEC 268-12 | 1987 _| Part 12: Application of connectors for broadcast and EN 6026812 1995 similar use Tee a7 1973 | Graphical symbols for use on equipment THD 243 51271995 Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets IEC 617 series [Graphical symbols for diagrams EN 60617 series TEC 807-9 1993 | Rectangular connectors for frequencies below 3 Mhz — - Part 9: Detail specification for a range of peritel TEC 958 1989 | Digital audio interface EN 60958 1990 IEC 1293 1994 | Marking of electrical equipment with ratings related 10 EN 612931994 electrical supply Safety requirements ISO/IEC 2382-9 1995 | Data processing - Vocabulary = = Part 9: Data communication ITU-R BTA70-4 | 1995 | Television systems = = (G) The tite of D472 1 is: Nominal voltages for low-voltage public electricity supply systems. (2) Atpresent atthe stage of draft intemational standard (@) EN 60268-5 includes AY:1993 to IEC 268-5, (4) EC 268-7-1996 is harmonized as EN 60268-7:1996 (6) HO 483.11 $9 includes At-1989 + A2-1991 to IEC 268-11 (6) EN 60268-12 includes A1:1991 to IEC 268-12 (7) HO 249 $12 includes supplements A-1974 to M1994 to IEC 417 Fine Documento worn etc caleneitzoo 2 ¢ Penne 20a22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALENORMA TECNICA (CEI EN 61938:1998-12 Pagina 21 di 22 RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALELa presente Norma @ stata compilata dal Comitato Eletwotecnico aliano e beneficia del riconoscimento di cui alla legge I? Marzo 1968, n. 186. Ecltore CEI, Comitato Elettotecnico Italiano, Milano - Stampa in proprio Atorizzarione del Tabunale di Milano N. 4093 del 24 luglio 1956 Responsable: Ig. E.Camagni 100 Sistemi e apparecchiatu 112-36 ‘Metodi ai misura raccomandat peri televisor Parte 6: Misurain condzioni diverse da quelle delle norme per segnali di raiodifusione ‘CELEN 61293 (CE 16-8) Marcatura delle apparecciature eetriche con riferimento ai valor’ nominal elatii alla alimentaxioneeltrica Preserzini Gi sicurezza cetee-10 Apparecchiatura per sistemielettroacustc. Parte 5: Atopar- lant (CEL EN 60266-t2 (GE 84-12) Apparecchatura per sistem eletroacustici Parte 12: Applca- oni dei connettor per radioditfusione ed uso simiare ‘CELEN 60058 (CEI 84-14) Interaccia audio numerica dio, video e multimediali (ex CT 84/60, SC 12A, SC 12G) ue 84.000 NORMA TECNICA Sede del Punto Venta ed Consultan gay CEI EN 61938:1998-12 20126 Milano - Viale Monza, 261 Totale Pagine 28 tel (2/25773.1 « fax 02/2573 222 « E-MAIL cei@celun. it RIPRODUZIONE SU LICENZA CE! AD ESCLUSIVO USO AZIENDALE