ComponenL-resolved near-lnfrared specLra of

muluple asLerold sysLems

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1. Carl Sagan CenLer aL Lhe SL1l lnsuLuLe, 2. lMCCL-CbservaLolre de arls, 3. Massachuseus lnsuLuLe of 1echnology
.@,? ABC !#DD (004$E, San lranclsco, Callfornla, uSA
F.?A1,GH@
lranck Marchls
fmarchls[seu.org
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References
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lMA ls funded by a nASA granL
nnx11Au62C
IJ+0"K#49$+ L M#5# 60;7%49$
N"9O#$ #+50"9*; PH,GQ F#5"9%D7+ daLa were reLrleved fromLhe LSC archlve fromprogramlu
#083.C-0317 (l: vaduvescu)
(#*$ 20D5 #+50"9*;+ PRSQ T7E0$*# PU15V30Q & PWGQ XVDK*# PY15V30Q are parL of our campalgn of
observauons wlLh LSC lu # 383.C-0089 (l: Marchls)
uaLa cube reducuon of PH,GQ F#5"9%D7+ was done uslng !"#$"%& soware and Lhe reclpes
descrlbes ln Lhe SlnlCnl lpellne user manual leadlng Lo a 64x32 spaxels (3" 3") of 2172
frame cube from1.43 Lo 2.43 m (P+k band) wlLh a specLral resoluuon 8~1,300.
uaLa reducuon of PRSQ & PWGQ was performed by LSC and led Lo a 64 64 (3" 3") of 2172
frame cubes from1.43 Lo 2.43 m (P+k band) wlLh a specLral resoluuon 8~1,300.
1wo P+k specLro-lmages of Lhe slmllarly-slzed 1ro[an asLerold PH,GQ F#5"9%D7+1(0$9047+
(Marchls eL al. 2006) Laken on !une 16 2009 03:1 and 03:03 u1 revealed Lhe Lwo componenLs
of Lhe sysLemseparaLed by ~0.33"
Cne P+k specLro-lmage of Lhe Lrlple asLerold sysLemPRSQ T7E0$*# (Marchls eL al. 2010) Laken
on AugusL 27 2010 shows Lhe presence of Lhe ouLermosL saLelllLe euL-rlnce" aL 0.90". 1he
lnnermosL moon rlncesse" (unomclal name) ls noL deLecLed
Cne P+k specLro-lmage of Lhe Lrlple asLerold sysLemPWGQ XVDK*# (Marchls eL al. 2003) Laken
on !uly 27 2010 shows Lhe presence of Lhe ouLermosL saLelllLe 8omulus" aL 0.49". 1he
lnnermosL moon 8emus" ls noL deLecLed because of resldual aberrauons fromLhe AC
Z>#E0+
Addlng LogeLher all Lhe slldes of Lhe P+k cubes of Lhe
daLa cubes we creaLed P+k lmages wlLh hlgh Sn8
U9>3#"*+9$ [*5) MV$#>*%#D (9;0D+
We compared Lhe posluon of Lhe moons of PRSQ & PWGQ wlLh dynamlcal models from
vachler eL al. (2012) and Marchls eL al. (2013). 1he ouLermosL moon posluon agrees wlLh
Lhe model wlLhln 7 mas.
PH,GQ F#5"9%D7+ #$; (0$9047+ relauve posluon ls noL ln agreemenL wlLh our model
(Marchls eL al. 2006), lmplylng LhaL Lhe sysLemorblL >#V $95 J0 37"0DV \03D0"*#$.
T]5"#%49$ 9^ 5)0 U9>39$0$5+_ X30%5"#
N)0 U)#DD0$E0` ComponenLs are noL fully resolved"
! ConLamlnauon ln Lhe cross-Lalklng area
! Speclallzed algorlLhms for PH,GQ and for PRSQ-PWGQ
Arusuc vlew of Lhe Lrlple sysLem(87) Sylvla (u. luLselaar)
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PH,GQ F#5"9%D7+ #$; (0$9047+
1he specLra of boLh componenLs have a negauve slope, lnconslsLenL
wlLh prevlously publlshed specLra (e.g. Lmery eL al. 2011), posslbly due
Lo poor weaLher. 8oLh componenLs' specLra Laken aL 03:13 and 03:03
u1 are aecLed slmllarly so can be compared wlLh each oLher.
1he k-band brlghLness rauo ls conslsLenL wlLh Mueller eL al. (2010) slze
esumaLe 10611 and 9810 km.
1here ls a marglnal bluelng of Menoeuus, compared Lo aLroclus, on
boLh epochs (slopes of -0.26 and -0.17 m
-1
), buL wlLhln 10 Lhe Lwo
componenLs seemLo have Lhe same reecung specLra.
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very few specLroscoplc analyses of Lhe muluple asLerolds componenLs
have been conducLed:
" Llke (617) aLroclus, Lhe same-slzed componenLs of (90) Anuope have
ldenucal reecung specLra (Marchls eL al. 2011) suggesung LhaL Lhe
blnary sysLems formed fromsslon of a large body.
" no reporL of reddenlng of Lhe moon specLrumfor (22) kalllope a M-
Lype blnary (Laver eL al. 2009) and C-Lype (379) Puenna (deMeo eL al.
2011).
ls Lhe reddenlng due Lo a dlerenL composluon, age or graln slze?
" no sLudles of space weaLherlng for feaLureless C- &x- complex asLerolds
" Clouus (1993) showed Lhe reddenlng on nl8 specLra of coal parucles
when Lhe graln slze decreased + Marchls eL al. (2012) deLecLed emlsslon
feaLures ln Lhe mld-l8 specLra of Lhese asLerolds ! Could Lhe prlmary
have more ne graln regollLh Lhan Lhe moon?
" need for ln-depLh weaLherlng Lrend sLudles on C/x asLerolds
T]5"#%50; X30%5"# #$; U9>3#"*+9$
Z$5"9;7%49$+
We analyzed muluple asLerold sysLems observauons collecLed wlLh
Sllll, a specLro-lmager ln Lhe near-l8 from1.1 m Lo 2.43 m wlLh
a moderaLe specLral resolvlng power ranglng from8=1,300 Lo
8=4,000. lL ls used slmulLaneously wlLh SlnlCnl, an adapuve opucs
sysLem(AC) on one of Lhe very Large 1elescopes. Cur goal ls Lo
consLraln Lhe formauon mechanlsms and evoluuon of Lhese sysLems
by comparauve specLroscopy.
#lor PH,GQ we applled a slmllar algorlLhmLhan for
(90) Anuope (Marchls eL al. 2011). 1he prole of
each componenL was ued for each wavelengLh
wlLh a comblnauon of a narrow and a wlde 2u
gausslan funcuons welghLed by an emplrlcal
parameLers Lo mlmlc Lhe AC prole. 1he specLra
were reblnned Lo a resoluuon 8=200 Lo lncrease Lhe
Sn8.
#lor PRSQ-PWGQ, whose moons are falnLer Lhan Lhe
prlmary (Am=7 and 8.3 respecuvely), Lhe slgnal of
Lhe moon ls exLracLed by mng lLs slgnal and Lhe
background ln a small area. lor quallLy
deLermlnauon, an area wlLhouL Lhe moon slgnal
was used as a reference. We esumaLed Lhe error by
addlng an aruclal companlon (noL shown here).
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PRSQ T7E0$*# L PWGQ XVDK*#
1he specLra of Lhe moons are conslsLenL wlLh Lhem
belonglng Lo C- or x-complex dened by deMeo eL al. (2009),
slmllarly Lo Lhelr prlmarles.
We deLecL a "0;;0$*$E 9^ 5)0 >99$+_ +30%5"#, ln
comparlson wlLh Lhelr prlmarles (slopes of 1.10 & 0.81 m
-1
)
euL-rlnce
Clouus, L. A. (1993). LSC 26.
ueMeo, l. L., 8lnzel, 8. ., Sllvan, S. M., & 8us, S. !. (2009). lcarus, 202(1), 160-180.
ueMeo, l. L., Carry, 8., Marchls, l., 8lrlan, M., 8lnzel, 8. ., 8us, S. !., 8ouy, P.
(2011). lcarus, 212(2), 677-681. d
Lmery, !. ., 8urr, u. M., & Crulkshank, u. . (2011). 1he AsLronomlcal !ournal, 141
(1), 23.
Laver, C., de aLer, l., Marchls, l., dmkovlcs, M., & Wong, M. P. (2009). lcarus,
204(2), 374-379.
Marchls, l., PesLroer, u., uescamps, ., 8erLhler, !., 8ouchez, A. P., Campbell, 8.
u., Wong, M. P. (2006). naLure, 439(7076), 363-7.
Marchls, l., Lnrlquez, !. L., Lmery, !. ., 8erLhler, !., uescamps, ., & vachler, l.
(2011). lcarus, 213(1), 232-264.
Marchls, l., Lnrlquez, !. L., Lmery, !. ., Mueller, M., 8aek, M., ollock, !., LaCluyze,
A. . (2012). lcarus, 221(2), 1130-1161.
Marchls, l., 8erLhler, !., vachler, l., uurech, !., uescamps, ., & Carry, 8. (2013).
Amerlcan AsLronomlcal SocleLy, uS meeung #43, #112.07
Mueller, M., Marchls, l., Lmery, !. ., Parrls, A. W., Mouola, S., PesLro, u., dl
Maruno, M. (2010).lcarus, 203(2)
vachler, l., 8erLhler, !., & Marchls, l. (2012). AsLronomy & AsLrophyslcs, 343, A68.
8omulus