Topic Equations

Class 8 Find the value of each of the following algebraic expressions given that x = 4 and y = 9. (Question 1 to 12) 1. 3x 2. 2y 3. x + 5 4. y 5 5. x 2 6. 7. x + y 8. y x 9. xy 10. 3x + 5 11. 4x y 12. 2y + 10 13. If x = 10, what is the value of 7x +3? 14. y = 8 3x, what is the value of y when x = 1.5? Find the value of each algebraic expression using x= 6, y = 3, z = 2. (Question 15 to 24) 15. (x + y) + z 16. (3 + x) + 4 17. 2x + (y + 8) 18. (z + 10y) + 15 19. (x y) z 20. 4x (3 2z)

21. 9 (x y) 22. 3x (2y z) 23. x (y 1) 24. (5x 2y) 25. Is 2a + 5c = 5c + 2a true or false? 26. What is the value of 4x - 2x2 + 7 when x = 1? 27. A number is multiplied by itself and then 5 is added. The answer is 14. What is the number? 28. Two numbers added together equal 7. The two numbers multiplied together equal 12. What are the two numbers? 29. When one-sixth of a number is subtracted from itself, the result is 45. What is the number? Find the value of each algebraic expression using x= 10, y = 8, z = 3 and comment on the values obtained (associative or not associative). 30. (x + y) + z and x + (y + z) 31. 3x + (y + 1) and (3x + y) + 1 32. (x y) z and x (y z) 33. 4 (x y) and (4 x) y 34. x (5y z) and (x 5y) z 35. x (y z) and (x y) z Solve the following equations (Questions 36 to 64) 36. x + 5 = 7 37. x + 7 = 11 38. a + 2 = 14 39. b + 7 = 22 40. x + 24 = 28 41. x + 8 = 5

42. x + 3 = 8 43. x + 2 = 13 44. y 7 = 12 45. a 5 = 16 46. 6x = 18 47. 5b = 20 48. x 2 = 5 49. c 6 = 7 50. x + 8 = 13 51. b 5 = 12 52. 3m = 45 53. x 3 = 9 54. d + 3 = 36 55. p 17 = 20 56. 7h = 35 57. a 7 = 11 58. x + 8 = 3 59. 4x 9 = 4 60. 2x + 5 = 17 61. 3x + 4 = 13 62. 4a + 6 = 14 63. 5b + 7 = 22 64. 2x + 3 = 7 65. Find a value for y that will satisfy the equation 3(y 5) = 3(18 5) 66. If 2y 1 = 5 and 3z + 2 = 17, determine value for 2y + 3z

67. An equilateral triangle has sides of length 2x + 5, 2y + 3 and x + 8, determine the value of x and y and the length of side. 68. Find the value of x if x + y + z = 25, x + y = 19 and y + z = 18 69. The product of 5, 6, 9 and m is equal to its sum. Find the value of m? 70. Add 7x2 4x + 5 and 9x 10 71. Add: 7xy + 5yz 3zx, 4yz + 9zx 4y , 3xz + 5x 2xy 72. Subtract 5x2 4y2 + 6y 3 from 7x2 4xy + 8y2 + 5x 3y. 73. Add 2p2q2 3pq + 4, 5 + 7pq 3p2q2 74. Add a b + ab, b c + bc, c a + ac 75. Subtract 4a 7ab + 3b + 12 from 12a 9ab + 5b 3 76. Multiply 4 x 77. Multiply 4 (3x) 78. Multiply 5x (3y) 79. Multiply 5x 4x2 80. Multiply 5x ( 4xyz) 81. Multiply 4xy 5x2y2 6x3y3 82. Find the area of a rectangle given whose length is 4x and breadth is 5y? 83. Find the area of a rectangle given whose length is 4y2 and breadth is 15y? 84. Find the area of a rectangle given whose length is 14ab and breadth is 5bc? 85. Find the volume of a rectangular box whose length, breadth and height is 4x, 5y and 2z respectively? 86. Find the volume of a rectangular box whose length, breadth and height is 15y, 4y2 and 5y respectively?

87. Find the volume of a rectangular box whose length, breadth and height is 14ab, 5bc and 2abc respectively? 88. Simplify 3p (4p2 + 5p + 7)

89. Simplify and evaluate x (x 3) + 2 for x = 1 90. Simplify and evaluate 3y (2y 7) 3 (y 4) 63 for y = 2 91. Add 5m (3 m) and 6m2 13m 92. 4y (3y2 + 5y 7) and 2 (y3 4y2 + 5) 93. Subtract 3pq (p q) from 2pq (p + q) 94. ( 95. ( )( ) ( ) )

96. Multiply (x 4) and (2x + 3) 97. Multiply (x y) and (3x + 5y) 98. Multiply (a + 7) and (b 5) 99. Multiply (a2 + 2b2) and (5a 3b) 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. Multiply (a + 7) and (a2 + 3a + 5) Simplify (a + b) (2a 3b + c) (2a 3b) c Find (2x + 3y)2 Find (4p 3q)2 ( )( )

105. A train is travelling at a constant speed of 20 km/h. The distance travelled is given by the function: D = 20t, where D is the distance in km, and t is the time in hours. Complete the following table: t D = 20t 1 ? 2 ? 3 ? 4 ? 5 ?

106. A train is travelling at a constant speed of 40 km/h. The distance travelled is given by the function: D = 40m 2, where D is the distance in km, and t is the time in hours. Complete the following table: t D = 40m 2 1 ? 2 ? 3 120 4 160 5 200

107. The taxi charge, in Rs, is given by the function C = 3k + 2, where k is the number of kilometers travelled. What is the taxi charge for a journey of 10 km? 108. The taxi charge, in Rs. $, is given by the function C = 3k + 2, where k is the number of kilometers travelled. Find the distance travelled if the taxi charge was Rs.21.50. 109. The plumber's charge, in Rs. is given by the function C = 70t + 50, where t is the time in hours. What is the charge for a plumbing job that takes 5 hours? 110. The plumber's charge, in $, is given by the function C = 70t + 50, where t is the time in hours. Find the time of a job if the charge was Rs.295. 111. Two numbers sum to 50. When five is added to both numbers, the larger is then twice the size of the smaller. What are the original two numbers? 112. Two containers hold a total of 50 balls. When 6 balls are shifted from the first container to the second container, the second container has four as many balls as the first. How many balls are now in the second container? 113. Two containers hold a total of 100 balls. When 26 balls are shifted from the first container to the second container, the second container has four as many balls as the first. How many balls are now in the second container? 114. Grandmother received a lump sum. After giving one-quarter of the money to Alf and one-third of the money to Fay, she had Rs.1750 left. What was the value of the original lump sum?

Find the value of x?

115.

116.

117.

118.

119.

120. 121. Who am I? If you subtract me from 29 and then double the answer, the result is 38. 122. Who am I? I'm a two-digit number. If you reverse my digits and add us together, the result is 55. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. Find the sum of 5x2y, 7x2y, 3x2y, 4x2y. Simplify the expression 15n2 10n + 6n 6n2 3n + 5 Add 10x2 5xy + 2y2, 4x2 + 4xy + 5y2, 3x2 5xy + 6y2 If A = 5x2 + 7x + 8, B = 4x2 7x + 3, find 2A B. What should be subtracted from 3a2 4b2 + 5ab to obtain a2 b2 + 6ab. If A = 3x + 2 and B = 6x 5, then A B is Simplify 3mn 3m2 + 4mn 5n2 3m2 + 2n2 Simplify (4x2 5xy + 3y2) ( 3x2 2xy 4y2) Add 2a + 5b + 7, 8a 3b + 3, 5a 7b 6 Add 6m2 + 4mn 2n2 +5, n2 nm2 + 3, mn 3n2 2m2n 4 Subtract 5m2 + 6mn 3n2 from 6n2 4mn 4m2 What should be added to 3x2 + xy + 3y2 to obtain 4x2 + 6xy?

135. 136.

What should be subtracted from 4p + 6q + 14 to get 5p + 8q + 20? If A = 8x 3y + 9, B = y 9 and C = 4x y 9 find A + B C

137. Three sides of a triangle are 3a + 4b 2, a 7 and 2a 4b + 3. What is its perimeter? 138. The sides of a rectangle are 3x + 2 and 5x + 4. find its perimeter?

139. Ram spends Rs. 4a + 3 for a shirt and Rs. 8a 5 for a book. How much does he spend in all? 140. A wire is 10x 3 metres long. A length of 3x + 5 metres is cut out of it for use. How much wire is left out? If A = p2 + 3p + 5 and B = 2p2 5p 7, then find 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 2A + B AB Find the value of P Q + 8 if P = m2 + 8m and Q = m2 + 3m 2? Solve ( ) Solve Solve Solve 2(3x 7) + 4(3x + 2) = 6(5x + 9) + 3 Solve 6 3(2 x) = 5x + 40 When 6 is added to four times a number the result is 50. Find the number?

150. The sum of a number and 9 is multiplied by 2 and the answer is 8. Find the number.

Answer Key: 1. 12 2. 18 3. 9 4. 4 5. 2 6. 3 7. 13 8. 5 9. 36 10. 17 11. 7 12. 28 13. 73 14. 3.5 15. 11 16. 13 17. 23 18. 47 19. 1 20. 25 21. 162 22. 216 23. 2 24. 5 25. True 26. 9 27. 3 28. 3 and 4 29. 54 30. (x + y) + z and x + (y + z) is associative 31. 3x + (y + 1) and (3x + y) + 1 is associative 32. (x y) z and x (y z) is not associative

33. 4 (x y) and (4 x) y is associative 34. x (5y z) and (x 5y) z 35. x (y z) and x (y z) is not associative 36. 2 37. 4 38. 12 39. 15 40. 4 41. -3 42. 5 43. 11 44. 19 45. 21 46. 3 47. 4 48. 10 49. 42 50. 5 51. 17 52. 15 53. 27 54. 33 55. 37 56. 5 57. 77 58. -5 59. 60. 6 61. 3 62. 2 63. 3 64. 2 65. 18 or 3.25

66. 21 67. x = 3, y = 4, length of the side = 11 68. 7 69. 70. 7x2 + 5x 5 71. 5xy + 9yz + 3zx + 5x 4y 72. 2x2 4xy + 12y2 + 5x 9y + 3 73. p2q2 + 4pq + 9 74. ab + bc + ac 75. 8a 2ab + 2b 15 76. 4x 77. 12x 78. -15xy 79. 20x3 80. 20x2yz 81. 120x6y6 82. 20xy 83. 60y3 84. 70ab2c 85. 40xyz 86. 300y4 87. 140a2b3c 88. 12p3 + 15p2 + 21p 89. 0 90. 21 91. m2 + 2m 92. 14y3 + 12y2 28y + 10 93. p2q + 5pq2 94. 95. 96. 2x2 5x 12 97. 3x2 + 2xy 5y2 98. ab 5a + 7b 35

99. 5a3 3a2b + 10ab2 6b3 100. 101. 102. 103. 104. 105. 106. 107. 108. 109. 110. 111. 112. 113. 114. 115. 116. 117. 118. 119. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131. 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 38, 78, 118, 158, 198 Rs.32 6.5 km Rs.400 3.5 hours or 3 hours 30 minutes 15 and 35 16 balls 46 balls Rs.4200 470 600 450 700 1050 30.50 10 23 and 32 13x2y 9n2 7n + 5 9x2 3xy + y2 6x2 + 21x + 13 4a2 3b2 ab 3x + 7 7m2n 4m2 6n2 + 4mn2 x2 3xy + 7y2 5a 5b + 4 a3 + 10a2 + 26a + 35 2a2 3b2 ab + 4bc ac 4x2 + 12xy + 9y2 16p2 24pq + 9q2

132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144. 145. 146. 147. 148. 149. 150.

3m2n + 5mn 4n2 + 4 9n2 10mn -9m2 x2 + 5xy 3y2 9p 2q 6 4x 3y + 9 6a 6 16x + 12 Rs. 12a 2 7x 8 metres 8p2 9p 11 p2 + 8p + 12 2m2 + 5m + 10

10 3

5 11 5