e le ct rical-e ngine e ring-po rt al.co m http://electrical-engineering-po rtal.

co m/electrical-thumb-rules-yo u-must-fo llo w-part-2

Electrical Thumb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 2)

jiguparmar

Ele c tric al Thumb Rule s Yo u MUST Fo llo w // PART 2 (o n p ho to : O s p re y Lunc h Amo ng The Ele c tric al Wire s ! b y Kathle e n J ac ks o n via Flic kr)

Continued f rom f irst part: Electrical T humb Rules You MUST Follow (Part 1)

Usef ul Electrical Equations

For Sinusoidal Current: Form Factor = RMS Value/Average Value = 1.11 For Sinusoidal Current: Peak Factor = Max Value/RMS Value = 1.414 Average Value of Sinusoidal Current (Iav) = 0.637 x Im (Im = Max.Value) RMS Value of Sinusoidal Current (Irm s) = 0.707 x Im (Im = Max.Value) A.C Current = D.C Current/0.636. Phase Difference between Phase = 360/ No of Phase (1 Phase=230/1=360, 2 Phase=360/2=180) Short Circuit Level of Cable in KA (I sc) = (0.094 x Cable Dia in Sq.mm) / Short Circuit Time (Sec) Max.Cross Section Area of Earthing Strip (mm2) = (Fault Current x Fault Current x Operating Time of Disconnected Device ) / K K = Material Factor, K f or Cu = 159, K f or Al = 105, K f or steel = 58 , K f or GI = 80

Most Economical Voltage at given Distance = 5.5 x ((km/1.6) + (kw/100)) Cable Voltage Drop (%) = (1.732 x current x (Rcos+jsin) x 1.732 x Length (km) x 100) / (Volt(L-L) x Cable Run. Spacing of Conductor in Transmission Line (mm) = 500 + 18 x (P P Volt) + (2 x (Span in Length)/50). Protection radius of Lighnting Arrestor = h x (2D-h) + (2D+L). Where h= height of L.A, D-distance of equipment (20, 40, 60 Meter), L=V x t (V=1m/ms, t=Discharge Time). Size of Lightning Arrestor = 1.5x Phase to Earth Voltage or 1.5 x (System Voltage/1.732). Maximum Voltage of the System = 1.1xRated Voltage (Ex. 66KV = 1.1 66 = 72.6KV) Load Factor = Average Power/Peak Power If Load Factor is 1 or 100% = T his is best situation f or System and Consumer both. If Load Factor is Low (0 or 25%) = you are paying maximum amount of KWH consumption. Load Factor may be increased by switching or use of your Electrical Application. Demand Factor = Maximum Demand / Total Connected Load (Demand Factor <1) Demand f actor should be applied f or Group Load Diversity Factor = Sum of Maximum Power Demand / Maximum Demand (Demand Factor >1) Diversity f actor should be consider f or individual Load Plant Factor (Plant Capacity) = Average Load / Capacity of Plant Fusing Factor = Minimum Fusing Current / Current Rating (Fusing Factor>1). Voltage Variation (1 to 1.5%) = ((Average Voltage Min Voltage) x 100)/Average Voltage Ex: 462V, 463V, 455V, Voltage Variation= ((460 455) x 100)/455 = 1.1% . Current Variation (10%) = ((Average Current Min Current) x 100)/Average Current Ex: 30A,35A,30A, Current Variation = ((35-31.7) x 100)/31.7 = 10.4% Fault Level at T C Secondary = T C (VA) x 100 / Transf ormer Secondary (V) x Impedance (%) Motor Full Load Current = Kw /1.732 x KV x P.F x Ef f iciency Advertisement

jiguparmar - Jignesh Parmar has completed his B.E(Electrical) f rom Gujarat University. He is member of Institution of Engineers (MIE),India. Membership No:M-1473586.He has more than 12 years experience in Transmission -Distribution-Electrical Energy thef t detectionElectrical Maintenance-Electrical Projects (Planning-Designing-Technical Reviewcoordination -Execution). He is Presently associate with one of the leading business group as a Assistant Manager at Ahmedabad,India. He has published numbers of Technical Articles in "Electrical Mirror", "Electrical India", "Lighting India", "Industrial Electrix"(Australian Power Publications) Magazines. He is Freelancer Programmer of Advance Excel and design usef ul Excel base Electrical Programs as per IS, NEC, IEC,IEEE codes. He is Technical Blogger and Familiar with English, Hindi, Gujarati, French languages. He wants to Share his experience & Knowledge and help technical enthusiasts to f ind suitable solutions and updating themselves on various Engineering Topics. Become EEP's Contributor and introduce yourself to 70k+ of our readers all across the web.