I. Introduction Airport like cities are never static. They are constantly evolving in form and function.

Historically, airports have been understood as places where aircraft operate, including runways, control towers, hangers and other facilities which directly serve aircraft, passengers and cargo. This traditional understanding is giving way to much broader, more encompassing concept known as the Airport City which has became the 21st century way forward for many airports. Airport terminals are fast becoming luxurious shopping malls and artistic and recreational venues. No longer restricted to magazine shops, fast food outlets and duty free, they now feature brand name boutiques, specialty retail and big time restaurants along with entertainment and cultural attractions. Taken for example is the Hong Kong International that hosts more than 30 high-end designer clothing shops. Another is the Singapore Changi that offers cinemas, saunas and a tropical butterfly forest. Most major airport are diversifying, expanding and upgrading their retail offerings, often incorporating shopping streets, gallerias, gourmet and culinary clusters, arts and entertainment. These things give rise to the AEROTROPOLIS. With the airport itself serving not just as a plane terminal but also as a business hub, it gives a clear picture of how people will leave in the next few years. a. Book background Driven by the vision of John D. Kasarda, Greg Lindsay wrote the book about a new phenomenon in reshaping how we live, travel and do businesses in the future. The book talks about a combination of giant airport, planned city, shipping facility and business hub and explores how air travel and transportation are largely responsible for the shape and scope of globalization and how we will conduct our everyday lives in the future. b. Author/s background John D. Kasarda, a professor at the Kenan-Flagler Business School at the University of North Carolina, has advised countries, cities, and companies about the aerotropolis and its implications. He lives in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Greg Lindsay has written for Time, BusinessWeek, and Fast Company. For one story he traveled around the world by airplane for three weeks, never leaving the airport while on the ground. He lives in Brooklyn, New York.

c. Importance of the book report

The group believes that our Professor wants us to know that there is more to life and transportation than the average cars or buses, and how we view our airports today. Learning about John D. Kasardas theories, experiences and Greg Lindsays insights, those that weve learned had given us the opportunity to think outside the box and view things differently regarding lifestyle possibilities.

II. Body a. What the book is all about i. Purpose

The purpose of this book is to give us a glimpse at the way we will live in the near future and the way we will do businesses too. The book represents not just a redesign of travel but a new way to economic pattern. The author believes that no nation that conducts businesses are large, highly competitive and fast-paced can long survive without airport hub cities. The authors also believes that The Aerotropolis serves as an antidote to overcrowded megalopolises (a very large, heavily populated city or urban complex) and by that, they can create work for their inhabitants and competitiveness for their nations. ii. Some of the main topics The Aerotropolis The Aerotropolis is an airport-integrated region, extending as far as sixty miles from the inner cluster of hotels, offices, distribution and logistics facilities. All kinds of activities are served by and enhanced by the airport. The goals of aerotropolis are competitiveness, job creation and quality of life. The Internet The internet made cities think local and act global. It is because of the continuous improvement of the internet why peoples lifestyle improves, changes and built. And because of the internet, we roam around this planet farther and faster. Globalization Globalization lies at the root of the aerotropolis. Beginning hundreds of years ago, globalization started with the basic premise of transporting physical goods between nations. As we moved into the 1980s, we saw the emergence of global manufacturing. The 1990s then ushered in the growth of global R&D. Over the last five years or so, we have transitioned into

the globalization. We are beginning to think and act globally about our innovation, growth and talent in the corporate space and its all about co -creation and talent. As a global community, we have evolved from the pure transportation of physical goods to the transportation of goods and intellect. In an interview with John D. Kasandra, he said that bringing local and global forces in reinforcing sync is the most effective path to city well-being. This involves acknowledging the irreversibility of globalization and leveraging it to the citys advantage by facilitating the connectivity of its people, firms and institutions to broader experiences and opportunities, preparing its young people for the global world they will inherit by enhancing their education, technical skills and cultural understanding often caused through air travel, and by creating a local business climate that encourages innovation, private sector investment and job creation. Airports Historically, cities have built their airports on outer limits of their borders. The land area, noise and other issues that come with airports have largely been the reasons behind this. However, times have changed, and in todays goods-based economy, planners are seeing that this layout is not conducive to developing the local economy. In the aerotropolis, the goods-based economy is built on a physical internet comprised of hubs and planes. Cities grow when they are able to effectively utilize technology to expand their networks and reach, creating a grind that shortens the distances between neighboring cities. This helps cities, and the businesses within them to become more competitive as supply chains and networks become an increasingly vital part of how companies gain competitive advantage. The aerotropolis has essentially evolved the role of a traditional airport, moving it from an infrastructure provider to a service provider. The modern-day aerotropolis focuses on megacities, urban development, vertical clusters with top companies and free trade zones. For example, FedEx transformed Memphis by making the citys airport the busiest cargo air port in the world. Researches from the University of Memphis measured the impact of the Airport on the city and concluded that it was indirectly responsible for nearly half of the local economy creating 220,154 jobs and adding an estimated $28.6 billion to GDP. Another interesting example that brings the aerotropolis to life is the Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam. Considered a major hub in the region, Schiphol is Europes second largest by connectivity and fourth largest passengers and 1.5 million tons of cargo that passes through annually. To date, the airport has generated 120,000 jobs, maintains 12.5% of GDP and has indirectly added over 1800 foreign companies. Transpark

Transpark is a self-contained factory town with assembly lines literally ending in the bellies of waiting planes. An example of a transpark is the Subic Bay Freeport Zone. Located 70 miles from Manila over high mountain roads, on the site of a former U.S. Navy base, the hub opened in 1995 as the fulcrum of the Subic Bay Freeport Zone. Within two years, Taiwanese companies had opened a dozen factories there. Transformation In places like China and the Middle East, building an aeroptropolis is already in progress. But in places like the Philippines and any other places, it can take decades to unstitch and renew the current situations of the cities. It is hard to almost impossible to transform all megatropolis to an aerotropolis. The only key to remedy the growing problems in a megatropolis is when people across and within all sectors come together in genuine partnerships for the common goods. It comes about when processes are improved. It comes about when personal agendas are set aside. It comes about when small improvements and experiments are launched. It comes when the nation is not resistant to transformation. Yes it will cost billions of dollars, but the result will be beneficial for generations after generations. Detroit: Man-Made Disaster The rise of the Ford Motors and its prosperous industry is also the worst disaster that hit Detroit. With the growing problem in oil price, steel manufacturing, mining, finance, insurance, sales, repairs and congested highways, Detroits economic growth is deteriorating. This is also true for many countries. Like in the Philippines, the construction of subways around Manila back in the 50s was stopped by the Car industry. Because car industry is the most financially promising to the eyes of the government, the construction of subway that will resolve the problem of transportation in a long term basis was stopped. The Jet Age No one can easily forget, especially if youre an Asian, about the Pearl Harbor attack, the Hiroshima and Nagasaki Japan and of course the bloody World War II. And what do these events have in common? Yes, the use of air travels. Back in the days of the war, in the Pacific Area, the Japanese most effective way of transportation and combat is through air. Remember that most countries in the pacific are archipelagoes including the Philippines and the most efficient, effective and fastest way of traversing one island to the other is through the use of air. And also, when the Americans ended the Japanese dominance that time, they used a bomber to deliver the atomic bomb that destroyed Nagasaki and Hiroshima. These events prove that theres power in air. The age today is called the JET AGE because people no longer just rely on railway systems, land and water transportation systems but we are heavily dependent on air travel. In the Philippines, the Philippine Airlines just announced 2 weeks ago that they opened

daily flights to Dubai, United Kingdom, London and other countries that are miles away from the country. It goes to show that the demand for air travel is increasing. People wanted to get to different places as quickly as possible. Business Process Outsourcing, one of the breakthroughs in doing businesses, is also on the rise. Off-shore outsourcing is becoming the norm to some companies and for the relationship between two companies flourish, the two must always be connected, and that is also made possible by Jet Planes. iii. The benefits of Aerotropolis Faster Logistics In the 21st century, it is considered as a Fast Century because customers in advanced and emerging markets are demanding speedy and predictable delivery of products. This shows that manufacturers must be able to access global networks of suppliers of materials, components and subassemblies in order to obtain the best-quality components at the lowest possible price. At the same time, increased flows of information worldwide are leading to accelerating changes in customer demands. Companies that can detect these changes, design and produce the desired products and services, and deliver them faster than their competitors are capturing market share. Since speed also reduces warehousing cost, stock-outs and remaindered goods, the speed advantage becomes a cost advantage as well. Air Passenger Connectivity It is not just goods and products are using airports, but also passengers. As the worlds service economy also shifts into fast-forward, people needs a faster way of transportation in keeping up with the economy. Aerotropolis suggests that airports should be located at the center of cities, not at the edge. With the airport located at the center, people will have an easy access to air transportation. III. Book Summary: Aerotropolis is a new form of airport-centric commercial development that transformed city airports into airport cities. It is a new city called an Instant age that shows on how we should live in the future. It talks about the new way of living and the new way of transforming the way we do our businesses. It is the idea that came from John Kasarda who is a teacher in University of North Carolina that has a very mind boggling vision of the future. His vision of the future is to build airports at the center of the cities to create connections to people who lives in cities especially those companies who wants a much faster way of doing their businesses. In this book the words are coming from Greg Lindsay but its Kasardas who provides the framework for the unrelated phenomena commonly lumped under the term globalization. Aerotropolis is the urban incarnation of the physical Internet; The primacy of air transport makes airports and their hinterlands the places to see how it functions. The rules now in real

estate have changed from location, accessibility and time and cost. It shows us how globalization will reshape cities, lives and culture. Here the competition is not about the Company but it is about how their supply chain, network and systems work. Goods is still the primary source of our economy on how can the companies transport the goods as fast they can. Despite all the talk of the service economy, of healthcare, and software as our national industries ours is still a goods economy. Aside from education, entertainment, and healthcare, pure services are consume in a very little way. And health care is increasingly about the goods given to the patients. Kasarda said that Aerotropolis is not an airport, but is an airport integrated region, extending as far as sixty miles from the inner clusters of hotels, offices distribution and logistics facilities. All kinds of activities are served by and enhanced by the airport. Whether its supply chains, enterprise networks, biosciences and pharmaceuticals and time-sensitive organic materials, the airport itself is really the nucleus of a range of New Economy functions with the ultimate aim of strengthening the cities competitiveness, job creation and quality of life. All kinds of commerce have moved around the world that the Internet is the aviation and the airport is the node thats connecting to people. In a new perspective airport is no longer a piece of transportation but a city and now called as the airport city. One main example is in New Songdo in Korea. It is a muddy man-made island that should be finished in 2015 on a hundred acre Central Park and modeled like so much in Manhattan's that has a mix of low rise and sleek spires- condos, offices, even South Koreas tallest building, the 1,001 foot Northeast Asia trade tower. It is called the most ambitious City and it was chartered as an "international business district"- a hub for companies working in China. Aside from New Songdo another man-made island was made in Incheon Korea which opened 2001 and instantly became one of the World's Busiest Hubs. It is said that China needs another five hundred cities like in New Songdo and another hundred cities of a million residents or more. Kasarda drafted a set of blueprints with air trains and aerolanes connecting prefab neighborhoods and business districts. Aerotropoli designed according to principles from China to India to the Middle East and Africa, and on the cities of Detroit and Amsterdam. Aerotropolis represents the logic of globalization made flesh in form of cities. The truth about customers from another side of the world may matter more than those next door, that cost must continually be wrung from every piece of every business in a market share war of all against all; that the pace of business, and of life, will always move faster and cover more ground; and that we must pledge our allegiance if we want our ordered items at our doors tomorrow morning. Airport is the solution to make this things possible. Through Aerotropolis factories, offices, homes and schools will be built accordingly like playing in Sims City. This will be a new kind of city- call it
The Instant Age.

Because of this idea they had transformed both Fedex and Memphis; Lousiana and UPS a new business model begat new companies, new jobs, and a new way of life for a one million

residents who is now in orbit around the airport. The primary goal here is to move faster, to increase the speed of trading and transporting goods and even people from one place to another. More than half of the people live in cities and the percentage is even higher in a more advance world, developed world, but Africa and Asia are said to catch up. The number of people by 2050 is said to double by more than 6 billion people which is the number of alive on earth. Kasardas view on how to properly use the land was applied in Hongkong where in he mentioned the airports quadramodality which is a combination of planes, trains, automobiles and ferries running between all points upstream and the core of galactic mega aerotropolis of more than 140 million people.He even believes the aerotropolis offers an antidote, imposing a hierarchy of needs on cities so that they openly and honestly express their true purpose; creating work for their inhabitants and competitiveness for their nations. In cities like Los Angeles and Dallas where in the Lay over was created through Louisville and Memphis going to North Carolina. Kasarda went to Detroit and convinced the leaders that aerotropolis is their citys best chance at a future. In LA there were 52 landing strips but only 47 were in private hands and there was no municipal field open to all comers. The Chamber of Commerce began planning to build an airport and examine 26 sites that has varying potential. Model T has come to rest in the middle of a wide, muddy road with empty bean fields on the other side. This was called the future LAX- a case study for how airports are incubators for trade and the cities that spring up to seize it. In terms of airmail Carpenter-a meteorologist observed that Mines Field was 14 miles from LA central post office. Many complained as it was too much far from downtown to be much of use and they were right for 20 years which would swell to five times the size of Mines Field paid nearly $150 million just to cover litigations costs from expanding its runways, and another 20 million went to pay for residents soundproofing and Nimbies keep blocking the expansion of LAX .Lax has been the catalyst for the citys metamorphosis into Americas premiere trade entrepot over the last 30 years. Faced with the prospect of LAX hitting a hundred million passengers a year around 2015 or build up regional airports to pick up the slack. Airports triumph over time space and the drag their hosts impose on them is easily overlooked that awe soon gives way to familiarity, and then contempt. This was the case in Los Angeles, Washington D.C and Chicago. In America, airport was built before they knew what they were really for. In Kasardas eyes Los Angeles and Chicago does not qualify as an aerotropolis because they are not planned in tandem with their cities. A number of aerotropolis clusters are emerging especially, in Europe and Asia. These clusters include not only the airport city, but also a region of adjacent business development around the airport core that is referred to as an airport edge-city. For example, in Europe, Amsterdam Zuidas, located six minutes from Schipol Airport, is developing as a headquarters for global

companies. Hong Kongs Sky City is similarly being developed with office, retail and entertainment facilities. In the U.S the aerotropolis developing around cities such as Dallas FortWorth, Detroit and Memphis. Aerotropoli are most prevalent in Europe and Asia and even in the Middle East. In fact, Dubai is the worlds largest aerotropolis. Governments in these regions see the aerot ropolis as a vehicle for promoting economic growth and trade within and to their countries. In many of these locations, large greenfield sites are available so that the aerotropolis can be built from scratch. However, the aerotropolis concept is taking hold in the developed world, especially in U.S. cities such as Atlanta, Detroit, and Philadelphia. These cities are leveraging their airport areas with strategic, multi-use developments. In the U.S. Memphis, home of FedEx, is often cited as an emerging aerotropolis.

IV.

Analysis and Evaluation

The group ended up having synchronized thoughts about the book, both agreeable and disagreeable points.

The premise is that the airport has become the central hub to our lives; that the organizing principle of the economy and cities going forward will be airports and it's either build a great one and organize your city around it or perish. Like port cities, and then those that were connected to railroads, cities are now airport dependent. What we eat, what we buy, where we work,where we go to school, our politics and economics are all connected with air travel. Aerotropolis has got an interesting idea about the growth and globalization of cities. Those which are most connected will be able to benefit most from a global market. The 'aerotropolis', or city with the airport as a central hub, is one model of future development - the Chinese with state capitalism, and Dubai are some of the most astonishing benefactors of this new pattern of growth and development, as a flood of travellers and goods pour in. It's a good book with some historical and economic basis of discussions. The group appreciates the fact that the author bases his arguments and shows the reader the new age and the future. The points brought up in the book are interesting, but the group is a little doubtful on certain parts. The group is remained somewhat unconvinced that China is going to take over the world under its current model of massive, top-down government enterprise. Revolution is going to make China out of control if the one-child demographics don't. Pollution and land

grabbing create barriers. Dubai and Abu Dhabi cannot both be giant metropolises sixty miles away doing the same thing forever. India is corrupt and in shambles. Memphis is less heard here in the Philippines compared to LA and Chicago. The group has nothing against Memphis but LA / Chicago being the more familiar ones goes to show that perhaps better or more opportunities can be found there. The group doesnt think that Memphis got it right by being FedExs shipping point.

Moreover, those who fly a lot or even some would hardly call it this amazing experience. Security and delays mean that it is often not pleasant to fly, and the idea that people really will commute in large numbers every day from one city to the other is a bit unrealistic. There is just too much transit time lost in every trip. The people who do that for real fly privately out of small airports for incredibly high rates, something the book missed out completely.

IV.

Conclusion and Recommendation

There is an increasing demand for connectivity and speed. Because of the Globalization, the continuous improvement in the World Wide Web also known as the internet, the economic activities in every country will rise. Building an aerotropolis will be the best choice in every city but to avoid again the consequences of economic growth in one place causing highway traffic, bottlenecks, careful and strategic planning is needed. Expressway links and high-speed rail systems should efficiently connect airports to business and residential areas near and far. Special truck-only lanes should be added to airport expressways to improve highway interchanges to reduce congestion. Multi-media technologies should produce electronic public art along airport transportation corridors that will highlight the culture, history and economic assets of the region the airport serves.

Advanced information systems must be developed through high-density fiber-optic rings and satellite uplinks and downlinks that will connect companies to their global suppliers, distributors, customers, branch offices and partners. There are many more things to consider in planning the aerotropolis but the group thinks that through this new idea of building an airport city, peoples wa y of living will improve, businesses will flourish, time will be maximized and many more.