High Voltage Safety

The Highland Council, Cairngorms National Park Authority & Scottish Natural Heritage
Undergrounding of Extra High Voltage Transmission Lines

Disclaimer

No part of this report (which, notwithstanding the foregoing generality, includes the photographs and/or figures which have been
reproduced by courtesy of the companies named on each such photograph and/or figure) may be reproduced or transmitted in
any form or by any means, or stored in any retrieval system of any nature, without prior written permission, except for permitted
fair dealing under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or in accordance with the terms of a licence issued by the
Copyright Licensing Agency in respect of photocopying and/or reprographic reproduction. Applications for permission for other
use of copyright material, including permission to reproduce extracts in published work, shall be made to The Highland Council,
Council Headquarters, Glenurquhart Road, Inverness IV3 5NX. For the avoidance of doubt, the copyright of the photographs
and/or figures remains the property of the respective owners of those photographs and/or figures and applications for
permission to use or reproduce these shall be made to the respective owner. Full acknowledgement of author, publisher and
source must be given. The Highland Council, Scottish Natural Heritage, Cairngorms National Park Authority, Jacobs Babtie and
the owners of the photographs and/or figures included in this report do not accept any liability or responsibility whatsoever with
respect to any use by third parties of the said copyright material contained in this report.


85

Figures

Figure 1: Typical Transmission Tower Outlines
Figure 2: Cross Section through a Fluid-Filled PPL 400kV Cable
Figure 3: Cutaway of XLPE Insulated 400kV Cable
Figure 4: 400kV Cable Installation for The Second Yorkshire Line
Figure 5: 400kV FF Cable Joints Assembled In a Joint Bay
Figure 6: A Typical 400kV Sealing End Compound
Figure 7: Gas Insulated Line
Figure 8: Direct buried in ground or trenched installation
Figure 9: Trench Layout - Double Circuit, 2 cables/phase
Figure 10: Pre-cast concrete surface trough installation
Figure 11: Trough Layout - Double Circuit, 2 cables/phase
Figure 12: EHV Cables Installed in Troughs
Figure 13: 400kV FF Cable Installation for the second Yorkshire Line
Figure 14: Excavation for the second Yorkshire Line
Figure 15: Construction of oil pressure tank chamber for the second Yorkshire Line
Figure 16: Installation of Oil Pressure Tanks for the second Yorkshire Line
Figure 17: Road Crossing by Directional Drilling for the second Yorkshire Line
Figure 18: Location of the Aalborg Aalborg line
Figure 19: Location of the Newby Nunthorpe line
Figure 20: Comparison of the variation in capital cost (k/km) UGC and OHL (in text)
Figure 21: Transmission losses comparison between OHL and UGC (in text)
Figure 22: Reinstatement of the second Yorkshire Line
Figure 23: Protection of Carriageway from Overhead Line Erection Works


86

Figure 1: Typical Transmission Tower Outlines
(Figure courtesy of SHETL Ltd.)

87

Type of
Cable
Single Core Copper Conductor
Aluminium Sheath Cable
Voltage
400kV
Conductor Size
2500mm
Insulation
PPL
Design Stress
13.8 MV/m

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Diagrammatic Only - Not To Scale
Item Description Thickness
(mm)
Details Nominal Dia.
(mm)
1 Duct - Steel 25.0
2 Conductor - Milliken 70.3
3 Conductor Screen - Carbon Papers 72.5
4 Insulation 21.3 min PPL 116.3
5 Insulation Screen - Carbon and Metallised Papers 117.0
6 Binder - Copper Woven Glass Tape -
7 Clearance - - -
8 Sheath 2.55 nom Corrugated Aluminium 136.2
9 Finish 3.6 min ave Polyethylene + Graphite 145

Drawn: JMO 04/10/04 Verified: CWC 04/10/04 Ref: HP14068 / D1

Figure 2: Cross Section through a Fluid-Filled PPL 400kV Cable

(figure Courtesy of Pirelli Cables)

88

Figure 3: Cutaway of XLPE Insulated 400kV Cable

(Figure courtesy of ABB)

89

Figure 4: 400kV Cable Installation for the Second Yorkshire Line

(Photograph courtesy of NGT and Pirelli Cables Ltd.)

90

Figure 5: 400kV FF Cable Joints Assembled In a Joint Bay

(Photo courtesy of NGT and Pirelli Cables Ltd.)


91

Figure 6: A Typical 400kV Sealing End Compound

(Photograph courtesy of NGT)

92

Figure 7: Gas Insulated Line

(Photograph courtesy of Areva T & D UK Ltd.)

93


Figure 8: Direct buried in ground or trenched installation
Cables
CBS backfill
Gravel backfill
Native soil
Cable tiles
Ground Surface
~0.9m
~0.4m
~1.2m
~0.8m
Cables
CBS backfill
Gravel backfill
Native soil
Cable tiles
Ground Surface
Cables
CBS backfill
Gravel backfill
Native soil
Cable tiles
Ground Surface
~0.9m
~0.4m
~1.2m
~0.8m

94

Figure 9: Trench Layout - Double Circuit, 2 cables/phase

~4m
~4m ~4m
3m
~18m
~4m
~4m ~4m
3m
~18m

95

Figure 10: Pre-cast concrete surface trough installation

cables
backfill
trough
bedding
Ground surface
~0.6m
~1m
~0.4m
cables
backfill
trough
bedding
Ground surface
~0.6m
~1m
~0.4m

96

Figure 11: Trough Layout - Double Circuit, 2 cables/phase

~4m ~2m
~14m
~4m ~2m
~14m

97

Figure 12: EHV Cables Installed in Troughs

(Photograph courtesy of BEI Limited)


98

Figure 13: 400kV FF Cable Installation for the second Yorkshire Line


99

Figure 14: Excavation for the second Yorkshire Line


100

Figure 15: Construction of Oil Pressure Tank Chamber adjacent to Cable Joint Bay for the second Yorkshire Line


101

Figure 16: Installation of Oil Pressure Tanks for the second Yorkshire Line


102

Figure 17: Road Crossing By Directional Drilling for the second Yorkshire Line


103

Figure 18: Location of the Aalborg Aarhus Transmission line
Between Trige and Nordjyllandsvaerket Substations


104

Figure 19: Location of the Newby Nunthorpe line


105

Figure 22a: View of Newby - Nunthorpe EHV Cable route Figure22b: The same location 18 months after
shortly after top-soil reinstatement: first excavation.

(Photographs courtesy of NGT and Pirelli Cables Ltd.)


106

Figure 23: Protection of Carriageway from Overhead Line Erection Works

High Voltage Safety

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The Highland Council, Cairngorms National Park Authority & Scottish Natural Heritage

Undergrounding of Extra High Voltage Transmission Lines

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