IMPORTANT WARRANTY INFORMATION!

PLEASE READ
Return Policy on Kits When Not Purchased Directly From Vectronics: Before continuing any further with your VEC kit check with your Dealer about their return policy. If your Dealer allows returns, your kit must be returned before you begin construction. Return Policy on Kits When Purchased Directly From Vectronics: Your VEC kit may be returned to the factory in its pre-assembled condition only. The reason for this stipulation is, once you begin installing and soldering parts, you essentially take over the role of the device's manufacturer. From this point on, neither Vectronics nor its dealers can reasonably be held accountable for the quality or the outcome of your work. Because of this, Vectronics cannot accept return of any kit-in-progress or completed work as a warranty item for any reason whatsoever. If you are a new or inexperienced kit builder, we urge you to read the manual carefully and determine whether or not you're ready to take on the job. If you wish to change your mind and return your kit, you may--but you must do it before you begin construction, and within ten (10) working days of the time it arrives. Vectronics Warrants: Your kit contains each item specified in the parts list. Missing Parts: If you determine, during your pre-construction inventory, that any part is missing, please contact Vectronics and we'll send the missing item to you free of charge. However, before you contact Vectronics, please look carefully to confirm you haven't misread the marking on one of the other items provided with the kit. Also, make certain an alternative part hasn't been substituted for the item you're missing. If a specific part is no longer available, or if Engineering has determined that an alternative component is more suitable, Vectronics reserves the right to make substitutions at any time. In most cases, these changes will be clearly noted in an addendum to the manual. Defective Parts: Today's electronic parts are physically and electrically resilient, and defective components are rare. However, if you discover an item during your pre-construction inventory that's obviously broken or unserviceable, we'll replace it. Just return the part to Vectronics at the address below accompanied with an explanation. Upon receipt, we'll test it. If it's defective and appears unused, we'll ship you a new one right away at no charge. Missing or Defective Parts After You Begin Assembly: Parts and materials lost or damaged after construction begins are not covered under the terms of this warranty. However, most parts supplied with VEC kits are relatively inexpensive and Vectronics can replace them for a reasonable charge. Simply contact the factory with a complete description. We'll process your order quickly and get you back on track. Factory Repair After You Begin Assembly: Kits-in progress and completed kits are specifically excluded from coverage by the Vectronics warranty. However, as a service to customers, technicians are available to evaluate and repair malfunctioning kits for a minimum service fee of $18.00 ( hour rate) plus $7.00 shipping and handling (prices subject to change). To qualify for repair service, your kit must be fully completed, unmodified, and the printed circuit board assembled using rosin-core solder. In the event your repair will require more than an hour to fix (or $36.00, subject to change), our technicians will contact you in advance by telephone before performing the work. Defective units should be shipped prepaid to: Vectronics 1007 HWY 25 South Starkville, MS 39759

When shipping, pack your kit well and include the minimum payment plus shipping and handling charges ($25.00 total). No work can be performed without pre-payment. Also, provide a valid UPS return address and a day time phone number where you may be reached.

Table of Contents
Introduction....................................................................................................... 2 Tools and Supplies............................................................................................ 2 Before You Start Building ................................................................................ 3 Parts List ........................................................................................................... 7 Parts Placement Diagram .................................................................................. 9 Step-By-Step Assembly Instructions............................................................... 10 Resistor Installation: .................................................................................. 11 Installation of Jumper Wires:..................................................................... 12 Jumper header installation: ........................................................................ 12 Non-polarized capacitor installation:......................................................... 13 Molded choke and inductor installation:.................................................... 14 Polarized capacitor installation:................................................................. 14 Semiconductors: ........................................................................................ 15 Final steps:................................................................................................. 16 Antenna Construction: ............................................................................... 18 Construction of Antenna for Channels 5 and 6: ................................... 18 Construction of Antenna for Channels 3, 4 and 5: ............................... 19 Alignment and Testing .................................................................................... 21 Setting the desired channel: ....................................................................... 21 Alignment: ................................................................................................. 21 Operating Instructions..................................................................................... 23 Power requirements: .................................................................................. 23 Interconnecting cables: .............................................................................. 23 Video input: ............................................................................................... 23 Audio input:............................................................................................... 24 Getting the most range:.............................................................................. 24 FCC regulations:........................................................................................ 24 In Case of Difficulty........................................................................................ 25 Theory of Operation and Specifications.......................................................... 26 Schematic........................................................................................................ 27 Enclosure ........................................................................................................ 28

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

INTRODUCTION
Imagine transmitting high quality audio and video to any nearby TV set. Broadcast your VCR, camcorder, camera or satellite A/V feeds to TV sets throughout your homeallowing your whole family to enjoy the action! Imagine watching your favorite movie on a portable TV by the pool while a video tape plays indoors. Operate your own micro-broadcasting TV station for some neighborhood fun. Or, use a hidden camera for surveillance work, or to monitor a baby in the crib. The VEC-1294K is adjustable for TV channels 3, 4, 5 or 6. Video and audio inputs are compatible with any standard NTSC composite audio/video source from your camcorder, video camera, VCR, DDS satellite receiver, or TV monitor output. The VEC-1294K features a professional solder masked and screened epoxy circuit board for easily assembly. The circuitry features the Motorola MC1374 TV modulator IC and a Class A power Amplifier stage delivers strong snow-free pictures to local TV sets. The VEC-1294K uses a true 4.5-MHz aural subcarrier generator and on-board voltage regulation for good stability. Learn the basics of TV transmitters as you build this useful and educational kit! High-efficiency tuned-loop antenna included.

TOOLS AND SUPPLIES

Construction Area: Kit construction requires a clean, smooth, and well-lighted area where you can easily organize and handle small parts without losing them. An inexpensive sheet of white poster board makes an excellent construction surface and provides protection for the underlying table or desk. Well-diffused overhead lighting is a plus, and a supplemental high-intensity desk lamp is especially helpful for close-up work. Safety is always important! Be sure to use a suitable high-temperature stand for your soldering iron, and keep the work area free of combustible clutter. Universal Kit-building Tools: Although your particular kit may require additional items for completion, virtually all construction projects require a work area outfitted with the following tools and supplies. 30 to 60 Watt Soldering Iron High-temperature Iron Holder with Moist Cleaning Sponge Rosin-core Solder (thin wire size preferred, .031) Needle Nose Pliers or Surgical Hemostats nutdriver. Diagonal Cutters or Nippy Cutters Solder Sucker (squeeze or vacuum pump type), or Desoldering Braid 2

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual Bright Desk Lamp Magnifying Glass Special Tools for This Kit: Blade type tuning tool or jewelers screwdriver. Hex type tuning tool.

TV Transmitter Kit

BEFORE YOU START BUILDING

Experience shows there are four common mistakes builders make. Avoid these, and your kit will probably work on the first try! Here's what they are: 1. Installing the Wrong Part: It always pays to double-check each step. A 1K and a 10K resistor may look almost the same, but they may act very differently in an electronic circuit! Same for capacitors--a device marked 102 (or .001 uF) may have very different operating characteristics from on marked 103 (or .01uF). 2. Installing Parts Backwards: Always check the polarity of electrolytic capacitors to make sure the positive (+) lead goes in the (+) hole on the circuit board. Transistors have a flat side or emitter tab to help you identify the correct mounting position. ICs have a notch or dot at one end indicating the correct direction of insertion. Diodes have a banded end indicating correct polarity. Always double-check--especially before applying power to the circuit! 3. Faulty Solder Connections: Inspect for cold-solder joints and solder bridges. Cold solder joints happen when you don't fully heat the connection-or when metallic corrosion and oxide contaminate a component lead or pad. Solder bridges form when a trail of excess solder shorts pads or tracks together (see Solder Tips below). 4. Omitting or Misreading a Part: This is easier to do than you might think! Always double-check to make sure you completed each step in an assembly sequence. Soldering Tips: Cleanliness and good heat distribution are the two secrets of professional soldering. Before you install and solder each part, inspect leads or pins for oxidation. If the metal surface is dull, sand with fine emery paper until shiny. Also, clean the oxidation and excess solder from the soldering iron tip to allow maximum heat transfer. Allow the tip of your iron to contact both the lead and pad for about one second (count "one-thousand-one") before feeding solder to the connection. Surfaces must become hot enough for solder to flow smoothly. Feed solder to the opposite side of the lead from your iron tip--solder will wick around the lead toward the tip, wetting all exposed surfaces. Apply 3

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit solder sparingly, and do not touch solder directly to the hot iron tip to promote rapid melting. Desoldering Tips: If you make a mistake and need to remove a part, follow these instructions carefully! First, grasp the component with a pair of hemostats or needle-nose pliers. Heat the pad beneath the lead you intend to extract, and pull gently. The lead should come out. Repeat for the other lead. Solder may fill in behind the lead as you extract it--especially if you are working on a double-sided board with plate-through holes. Should this happen, try heating the pad again and inserting a common pin into the hole. Solder won't stick to the pin's chromium plating. When the pad cools, remove the pin and insert the correct component. For ICs or multi-pin parts, use desoldering braid to remove excess solder before attempting to extract the part. Alternatively, a low-cost vacuum-bulb or spring-loaded solder sucker may be used. Parts damaged or severely overheated during extraction should be replaced rather than reinstalled. Work Habits: Kit construction requires the ability to follow detailed instructions and, in many cases, to perform new and unfamiliar tasks. To avoid making needless mistakes, work for short periods when you're fresh and alert. Recreational construction projects are more informative and more fun when you take your time. Enjoy! Sorting and Reading Resistors: The electrical value of resistors is indicated by a color code (shown below). You don't have to memorize this code to work with resistors, but you do need to understand how it works:

Resistor Color Code

1st Digit 2nd Digit Multiplier Tolerence (gold or silver) Black Brown Red Orange Yellow Green = 0 (tens) = 1 (hundreds) = 2 (K) = 3 (10K) = 4 (100K) = 5 (1Meg) Blue Violet Gray White Silver Gold = 6 = 7 = 8 = 9 = 10% = 5%

When you look at a resistor, check its multiplier code first. Any resistor with a black multiplier band falls between 10 and 99 ohms in value. Brown designates a value between 100 and 999 ohms. Red indicates a value from 1000 to 9999 ohms, which is also expressed as 1.0K to 9.9K. An orange multiplier band designates 10K to 99K, etc. To sort and inventory resistors, first separate them into groups by multiplier band (make a pile of 10s, 100s, Ks, 10Ks, etc.). Next, sort each group by specific value (1K, 2.2K, 4.7K, etc.). This procedure makes the inventory easier, and also makes locating specific parts more convenient later on during construction. Some builders find it especially helpful to arrange resistors in ascending order along a strip of double-sided tape. 4

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit Some VEC kits may contain molded chokes which appear, at first glance, similar to resistors in both shape and band marking. However, a closer look will enable you to differentiate between the two--chokes are generally larger in diameter and fatter at the ends than resistors. When doing your inventory, separate out any chokes and consult the parts list for specific color-code information. Reading Capacitors: Unlike resistors, capacitors no longer use a color code for value identification. Instead, the value, or a 3-number code, is printed on the body. Value Code 10 pF = 100 Multilayer 100 pF = 101 (270 pF) 1000 pF = 102 271 .001 uF = 102* .01 uF = 103 .1 uF = 104 Ceramic Discs (.001 uF) (.1 uF) 102 104 Electrolytic 1 uF | 1uF | 35V +

As with resistors, it's helpful to sort capacitors by type, and then to arrange them in ascending order of value. Small-value capacitors are characterized in pF (or pico-Farads), while larger values are labeled in uF (or micro-Farads). The transition from pF to uF occurs at 1000 pF (or .001 uF)*. Today, most monolithic and disc-ceramic capacitors are marked with a three-number code. The first two digits indicate a numerical value, while the last digit indicates a multiplier (same as resistors). Electrolytic capacitors are always marked in uF. Electrolytics are polarized devices and must be oriented correctly during installation. If you become confused by markings on the case, remember the uncut negative lead is slightly shorter than the positive lead. Diodes: Diodes are also polarized devices that must be installed correctly. Always look for the banded or cathode end when installing, and follow instructions carefully. Cathode (shorter Lead) Diode LED

Transistors: If transistors are installed incorrectly, damage may result when power is applied. Transistors in metal cases have a small tab near the emitter lead to identify correct positioning. Semiconductors housed in small plastic cases (TO-92) have an easily-identified flat side to identify mounting orientation. Many specialized diodes and low-current voltage regulators also use this type 5

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit packaging. Larger plastic transistors and voltage regulators use a case backed with a prominent metal tab to dissipate heat (T-220). Here orientation is indicated by the positioning of the cooling tab. Metal Can Device Emitter Plastic Device Tab-cooled Device Metal Tab

Flat Side Integrated Circuits: Proper IC positioning is indicated by a dot or square marking located on one end of the device. A corresponding mark will be silkscreened on the PC board and printed on the kit's parts-placement diagram. To identify specific IC pin numbers for testing purposes, see the diagram below. Pin numbers always start at the keyed end of the case and progress counterclockwise around the device, as shown: 8 Installation Key Installation Key 1 2 3 4 Pin Numbers 7 6 5

PARTS LIST
Your kit should contain all of the parts listed below. Please identify and inventory each item on the checklist before you start building. If any parts are missing or damaged, refer to the manuals warranty section for replacement instructions. If you cant positively identify an unfamiliar item on the basis of the information given, set it aside until all other items are checked off. You may then be able to identify it by process of elimination. Finally, your kit will go together more smoothly if parts are organized by type and arranged by value ahead of time. Use this inventory as an opportunity to sort and arrange parts so you can identify and find them quickly. Resistors: Note: The fourth color band (gold) denotes tolerance, only the three bands determining resistance value are listed.

Qty

Part Description

Designation

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual 1 56 ohm watt (green-blue-black) 1 75 ohm watt (violet-green-black) 1 220 ohm watt (red-red-brown) 4 470 ohm watt (yellow-violet-brown) 2 620 ohm watt (blue-red-brown) 1 1K ohm watt (brown-black-red) 2 2.2K ohm watt (red-red-red) 1 3.3K ohm watt (orange-orange-red) 1 6.8K ohm watt (blue-gray-red) 2 56K ohm watt (green-blue-orange)

TV Transmitter Kit R16 R15 R9 R4,R5,R6,R13 R10,R11 R12 R1,R7 R3 R2 R8,R14

Capacitors:

Qty 2 2 1 4 5 1 1 2 1 1

Part Description 15 pF monolithic (15) 47 pF ceramic disc (47) 75 pF ceramic disc (75) .001 uF ceramic disc (102) .01 uF ceramic disc (103) .1 uF ceramic disc (104 or .1) 10 uF electrolytic 100 uF electrolytic 10 pF ceramic trimmer (blue dot) 100 pF ceramic trimmer

Designation C16,C18 C8,C10 C7 C1,C2,C3,C4 C5,C6,C9,C12,C19 C11 C13 C14,C17 C20 C15

Semiconductors:

Qty 1 1 1 1

Part Description 1N4148 silicon switching diode 2N5109 RF transistor 78L08 8-Vdc voltage regulator IC MC1374 television modulator IC

Designation D1 Q1 U2 U1

Inductors:

Qty 1 1 1

Part Description .211-uH variable inductor (green body) 2.2-uH molded choke (red-red-gold) 10-uH molded choke (brown-black-black)

Designation L2 L3 L1

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual Miscellaneous:

TV Transmitter Kit Designation SW1 J1,J2 J3 HD1 for HD1

Qty 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1

Part Description DPDT push-action switch RCA phono jack, PC board mount 2.1mm coaxial power jack 2-pin header Shorting clip for two-pin header 14-pin DIP IC socket 4-40 x 3/8 screws 4-40 locking hex nut Solder lugs, #6 angled 3 of 18 AWG solid tinned buss wire 3 insulated stranded hookup wire VEC-1294 PC board

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

PARTS PLACEMENT DIAGRAM

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

STEP-BY-STEP ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS

Before assembling your kit, please take time to read and understand the VEC kit warranty printed on the inside cover of this manual. Read through the assembly instructions to make sure the kit does not exceed your skill level. Once construction is started, the kit is non-returnable. Finally, if you havent already done so, please verify that all parts listed in the inventory are included. If anything is missing or broken, refer to the warranty instructions for replacing missing or damaged parts. First, a few notes and comments to help you along. Part designators for components such as R1, C3, etc., appear on the silk-screened legend on the component-mounting side of the printed circuit board. These correspond to the drawing shown in "Parts Placement Diagram" section of this manual. The parts are inserted on the silk-screen side of the board. All capacitors should be installed with their bodies as close to the PC board as possible; this is very important in RF circuits. If you have last-minute questions concerning what tools or materials are needed to assembly this kit, please refer back to the section entitled Before You Begin. Install When you are directed to install a part, this means to locate, identify, and insert the part into its mounting holes on the PC board. This includes prebending or straightening leads as needed so force is not required to seat the part. Once a component is mounted, bend each lead over to hold it in place. Make sure trimmed leads dont touch other pads and tracks, or a short circuit may result:

Good

Not Good

Solder When you are directed to solder, this means to solder the parts leads in place, and to inspect both (or all) solder connections for flaws or solder bridges. If no soldering problems are noted, nip off the excess protruding leads with a sharp pair of side cutters. Notice the directions use two sets of check boxes. Check one when a step is complete and use the other for double-checking your work before operation.

10

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual Resistor Installation:

TV Transmitter Kit

Begin assembly by installing the -watt fixed resistors. Because these are all 5percent tolerance ending with a fourth gold color band, you need only read the first three bands of the color code during the following steps. All resistor leads should be formed as shown.

.4" Install and solder resistors at the following locations (keep a supply of lead clippings for upcoming use): NOTE: the fourth resistor color band is for tolerance, and is not called out in the following steps. 1. Find the 56-ohm resistor (green-blue-black-gold). Install and solder at location R16. 2. Find the 75-ohm resistor (violet-green-black). Install and solder at R15. 3. Find the 220-ohm resistor (red-red-brown). Install and solder at R9. Find the four 470-ohm resistors (yellow-violet-brown). Install and solder at the following locations: 4. R4 5. R5 6. R6 7. R13 470-ohm resistor (yellow-violet-brown). 470-ohm resistor (yellow-violet-brown). 470-ohm resistor (yellow-violet-brown). 470-ohm resistor (yellow-violet-brown). Install and solder at the

Find the two 620-ohm resistors (blue-red-brown). following locations: 8. R10 9. R11 620-ohm resistor (blue-red-brown). 620-ohm resistor (blue-red-brown).

10. Locate the 1K-ohm resistor (brown-black-red). Install and solder at R12. Locate the two 2.2K-ohm resistors (red-red-red). Install and solder at the following locations: 11. R1 12. R7 2.2K-ohm resistor (red-red-red). 2.2K-ohm resistor (red-red-red). 11

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit 13. Locate the 3.3K-ohm resistor (orange-orange-red). Install and solder at location R3. 14. Locate the 6.8K-ohm resistor (blue-gray-red). location R2. Install and solder at

Locate the two 56K-ohm -resistors (green-blue-orange). Install and solder at the following locations: 15. R8 16. R14 56K-ohm resistor (green-blue-orange). 56K-ohm resistor (green-blue-orange).

Installation of Jumper Wires: Select two scrap resistor lead ends for use as a jumper wires, as shown below. Use needle-nose pliers to form, making sure each it rests flat on the PC board when installed: discarded lead end span 1. Install and solder a wire jumper at location JMP1. 2. Install and solder a wire jumper at location JMP2. 3. Locate the 6 length of insulated hookup wire, then cut it in half. 4. Trim about 1/4 of insulation off the end you just cut. 5. Connect one end of the insulated wire to JMP3A on the circuit board. Solder and trim. 6. Connect the other end of the insulated wire to JMP3B on the circuit board. Solder and trim. Jumper header installation: Locate the 2-pin jumper header.

Short pins into pc board holes Note: When installing the two-pin jumper header, the shorter pins are inserted into the PC board. 1. Install and solder a 2-pin jumper header at location HD1. 12

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual Non-polarized capacitor installation:

TV Transmitter Kit

Important Note: Monolithic capacitors have superior radio-frequency operating characteristics, but the lead welds may fail if the device is over-stressed during installation or removal. For this reason, never use force to seat a monolithic cap into the PC board. If the spacing isnt right, pre-form the leads to the correct spacing before inserting into the board.

Locate the two 15-pF monolithic capacitors (15). Install and solder at the following locations: 1. C16 2. C18 15-pF monolithic (15). 15-pF monolithic (15).

Locate the two 47 pF disc ceramic capacitors (47). Install and solder at the following locations: 3. C8 4. C10 47-pF ceramic (47). 47-pF ceramic (47).

5. Locate the 75-pF disc ceramic capacitor (75). Install and solder at location C7. Locate the four .001-uF disc ceramic capacitors (102). Install and solder at the following locations: 6. C1 7. C2 8. C3 9. C4 .001-uF ceramic (102). .001-uF ceramic (102). .001-uF ceramic (102). .001-uF ceramic (102).

Locate the five .01-uF ceramic disc capacitors (103). Install and solder at the following locations: 10. C5 11. C6 12. C9 13. C12 14. C19 .01-uF ceramic (103). .01-uF ceramic (103). .01-uF ceramic (103). .01-uF ceramic (103). .01-uF ceramic (103).

15. Locate the .1 uF ceramic disc (104 or .1). Install and solder at location C11. 16. Locate the 10-pF ceramic trimmer capacitor. The capacitor is marked with a BLUE dot. 13

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit 17. Install and solder the 10-pF trimmer capacitor at location C20. 18. Locate the 100-pF ceramic trimmer (no marking). Install and solder at location C15. Molded choke and inductor installation: Note: only the first three color bands for the molded choke color codes are specified in the following directions. The fourth band is for tolerance and may be disregarded. 1. Locate the 10-uH molded choke (brown-black-black). solder at location L1. Install and

2. Locate the .211-uH variable inductor (green plastic body). Install and solder at location L2. 3. Locate the 2.2-uH molded choke (red-red-gold). Install and solder at location L3. Polarized capacitor installation: Electrolytic capacitors are polarized devices, and must be inserted with respect to polarity. The style used in the VEC direct conversion receivers have radial leads; both leads exit from one end of the device body. Each capacitors plus (+) mounting holes are noted both on the circuit board and parts placement diagram. If the markings on the capacitor body are unclear, the plus (+) lead is the longer of the two. 1. Locate the 10-uF electrolytic capacitor. Install and solder at location C13. Observe the polarity markings! Locate the two 100-uF electrolytic capacitors. Install and solder at the following locations: 2. C14 100-uF electrolytic. Observe polarity. 3. C17 100-uF electrolytic. Observe polarity.

Semiconductors: Locate the 1N4148A silicon switching diode. It has a glass body. Cathode

IN4148A 14

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit 1. Install and solder the 1N4148A diode at location D1. Note: The cathode lead, indicated by the black band, must be properly oriented to the screened legend on the PC board. 2. Locate the 2N5109 transistor. This device has three leads, and is housed in a small metal can. Align the leads to correspond with the outline for Q1 on the PC board. Install and solder. Locate the 78L08 voltage regulator IC. Note that the device has a rounded and a flat side.

78L08

U2 3. Install the 78L08 at location U2. The devices body outline must correspond to the screened legend for U2. Solder. Locate the 14-pin IC socket. Note that the socket is keyeda small notch shows pin 1 alignment. 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 Installation Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Pin Numbers 4. Install and solder the 14-pin IC socket at location U1. Observe that the key aligns with the legend outline on the pc board. Locate the MC1374 television modulator IC (14-pin DIP package). 5. Align the body of the MC1374 to correspond with the key of socket U1. Loosely insert the pins of the MC1374 into socket U1. All 14 pins should fit freely into the socket openings. If not, straighten the IC pins until they do. Using firm and steady pressure, fully seat the IC into the socket. Top view of socket

15

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

Installation Key

MC1374
1

The IC body has a small notch, or key, molded at one end, indicating pins 1 and 14. A small dimple-like body-molding is often found adjacent to pin 1. Some IC packages may include both key indicators. Final steps: 1. Locate the push-action DPDT power switch. Install and solder at SW1. The push shaft should extend over the front of the board. Be sure the switch is fully seated and level before soldering.

SW1 Push-rod

Locate the two RCA jacks. Install solder at the following locations (ensure the leads are fully inserted). Bend the pins over so they contact the soldering surface. This will improve the mechanical strength of the solder joint. 2. J1 RCA jack. Solder. 3. J2 RCA jack. Solder. 4. Locate the 2.1mm coaxial power connector. location J3. Locate the plastic shorting jumper. alignment. Install and solder at

Put in the parts bag until needed for

5. Locate one of the 4-40 screws, one of the #6 solder lugs, and one of the 4-40 locking nuts. 16

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit 6. Insert the 4-40 screw on the solder side of the board at location ANT1 on the PC board. 7. On the component side of the board, place a #6 solder lug over the shaft of the 4-40 screw. 8. Tighten the 4-40 locking nut on the 4-40 screw finger tight. 9. Locate the remaining 4-40 screw, remaining #6 solder lug, and the remaining 4-40 locking nut. 10. Insert the 4-40 screw into the hole for ANT2 on the solder side of the pc board. 11. On the component side of the PC board, place the #6 solder lug over the shaft of the 4-40 screw at ANT2 location. 12. Tighten the 4-40 locking nut on the screw at location ANT2 finger tight. 13. Align the two solder lugs as shown, tighten the 4-40 hardware.

ANT1

ANT2

ANT3

Antenna Construction:
Important Note: Antenna dimensions are very critical. Cut the wire as close to the length specified in the following directions.

Construction of Antenna for Channels 5 and 6: 1. Locate the roll of 18 AWG tinned wire. Carefully measure off a 19inch section, and cut. The wire should be made straight as possible free of kinks or bends. 2. Form the wire into a circle. Use a coffee can or other similar object to help wind the loop antenna. 3. Attach one end of the wire loop antenna to the solder lug at ANT1. The wire end should enter one of the wire holeswith about of wire exiting the other side.

17

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit 4. Using a pair of long-nose pliers, bend the length of wire into a sharp U, and squeeze tightly with the pliers. This will give the wire to solder lug joint some mechanical strength, and not rely entirely on the solder connection to do so. 5. Attach the other end of the loop antenna wire to the solder lug at location ANT2. Again, allow of wire to exit the solder lug wire hole; and bend back into a sharp U and squeeze tightly. 6. Solder the loop antenna connections at solder lugs ANT1 and ANT2. 7. As best possible, re-form the loops shape back into a circle. 8. Trim 5-1/2 of wire from the spool of 18 AWG tinned wire. 9. Attach one end of the 5-1/2 length of wire at location ANT3 on the PC board. Use only as much wire as needed for a good solder connectionthere is no waste to trim! 10. Measure to a point 5 from the ANT2 solder lug on the loop wire side attached to ANT2. 11. Connect the free end of the 5-1/2 length of wire from ANT3 to the loop antenna wire at the 5 point from ANT2. Solder. The wire loop must not rest against any components, such as the metal body of RCA jack J1.

19 circumference 5-1/2 wire, tapped at 5 from ANT2 terminal.

ANT1 ANT2 ANT3

Construction of Antenna for Channels 3, 4 and 5: 1. Locate the roll of 18 AWG tinned wire. Carefully measure off a 24inch section and cut. The wire should be made straight as possible free of kinks or bends. 2. Form the wire into a circle. Use a coffee can or other similar object to help wind the loop antenna. 18

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit 3. Attach one end of the wire loop antenna to the solder lug at ANT1. The wire end should enter one of the wire holeswith about of wire exiting the other side. 4. Using a pair of long-nose pliers, bend the length of wire into a sharp U, and squeeze tightly with the pliers. This will give the wire to solder lug joint some mechanical strength, and not rely entirely on the solder connection to do so. 5. Attach the other end of the loop antenna wire to the solder lug at location ANT2. Again, allow of wire to exit the solder lug wire hole; and bend back into a sharp U and squeeze tightly. 6. Solder the loop antenna connections at solder lugs ANT1 and ANT2. 7. As best possible, re-form the loops shape back into a circle. 8. Trim 6-1/2 of wire from the spool of 18 AWG tinned wire. 9. Attach one end of the 6-1/2 length of wire at location ANT3 on the PC board. Use only as much wire as needed for a good solder connectionthere is no waste to trim! 10. Measure to a point 6 from the ANT2 solder lug on the loop wire side attached to ANT2. 11. Connect the free end of the 6-1/2 length of wire from ANT3 to the loop antenna wire at the 6 point from ANT2. Solder. The wire loop must not rest against any components, such as the metal body of RCA jack J1.
24 circumference 6-1/2 wire, tapped at 6 from ANT2 terminal.

ANT1 ANT2 ANT3

Important Note: The 19 loop will tune Channels 3, 4, 5 and 6. However, the larger 24 loop is more efficient at Channels 3 and 4. The larger loop will usually tune to Channel 5, but not to Channel 6.

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit This completes assembly of the VEC-1294K transmitter. Now is a good time to recheck all of the solder connections. Go back over the assembly to verify that all components are installed in the proper location, and that the semiconductors and electrolytic capacitor polarities are correct.

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

ALIGNMENT AND TESTING

Before attempting any adjustments, the entire section dealing with Alignment and Testing should be read, and some familiarity with the Operating Instructions section is also advisable. The transmitter requires a suitable external power, video and audio source for alignment and operation. Setting the desired channel: The transmitter should be set to a channel that is unused in your area. The transmitter may be tuned to one of four VHF TV channels. If the shorting block is in placed on HD1, the transmitter may be tuned to channel 3 and 4. With the shorting block removed, the transmitter will tune to channels 5 or 6. How the shorting clip is placed over jumper pins for HD1:

Shorting block

Hint: To prevent losing the shorting block if not needed, it may be inserted over one pin of HD1 for storage. Alignment: Note: Alignment is best performed with the unit mounted in an enclosure. Installation in a metal enclosure may affect alignment slightly. You will need the following items to perform alignment.

Source of 12 to 13.8-Vdc power, filtered and regulated. Power is supplied

via 2.1mm coaxial plug, center pin is positive.

Television receiver, portable color model preferred. Source of composite video and line-level audio. (Use VCR, camcorder,
video camera, DDS receiver or television monitor receiver video and audio outputs.)

Video jumper cable, RCA to RCA phono. Audio jumper cable, RCA to RCA phono.
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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit 1. Connect the video output from the video source to jack J1 on the VEC1294K. 2. Connect the audio output (use the left channel if a stereo source) to jack J2 on the VEC-1294K. 3. Connect the power supply to jack J3. 4. Tune the TV to an unused VHF channel3, 4, 5 or 6 may be used if free of television signals. Try to find a channel that is at least 2 channels away from a strong station, if possible. For example, if Channel 3 is used, Channel 6 would be the best choice. 5. 6. 7. 8. The shorting clip for the two pin header HD1 must be in place for Channels 3 or 4. The shorting clip is removed to cover Channels 5 or 6. Apply power to the VEC-1294K. Switch SW1 should be latched with the shaft in (on position). Enable the video and audio source, so a video and audio signal is be supplied to the VEC-1294K. Using a hex-type alignment tool, carefully adjust the tuning slug in coil L2 until a picture is seen on the television receiver. Adjust for best picture quality and color quality. Turn the volume control up slightly on the television receiver. Using a jewelers screwdriver or blade type alignment tool, adjust trimmer capacitor C15 until audio is heard. Carefully adjust C15 for cleanest audiofree of hum or distortion.

9.

10. Move the monitor receiver further away, until the picture becomes snowy. You may need to move it to another room, and have a friend watch for further improvements. 11. Using a jewelers screwdriver or blade alignment tool, adjust trimmer capacitor C20 for the strongest signalthe stronger the signal, the less snow. 12. If needed, readjust coil L2 if the picture shows signs of tearing, rolling or loss of color. 13. If needed, readjust trimmer capacitor C15 if the audio begins to show signs of hum or distortion. 14. Continue moving the television further away from the transmitter. At each location, adjust trimmer capacitor C20 for the strongest signal; and if needed, repeak trimmer capacitor C15 for best audio, coil L2 for best video. This completes the alignment procedure for the VEC-1294K television transmitter. 22

VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit Check the transmitter performance on two or more sets. A slight readjustment of coil L2 (visual carrier frequency) and capacitor C15 (aural subcarrier) may be needed to produce a good signal on all sets. This is due to the presence or lack of AFC (automatic frequency control) in some television sets, or the capture range of the AFC circuits in different sets.

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
Power requirements: The transmitter requires an external power source between 12 and 13.8 Vdc. Current requirements are about 100 mA. Wall-plug power supplies are a convenient source of power. However, it is very important that the supply is both regulated and filtered (many wall-plug power packs arent). The power cable should be terminated with a 2.1mm power plug, center pin positive, to mate with power jack J3 on the VEC-1294K. Do not exceed 14 Vdc or component damage may result. Use a supply with at least a 200 mA continuous duty rating. Interconnecting cables: The video (J1) and audio (J2) input jacks on the VEC-1294K use standard RCA phono jacks. This connector is standard on most video cameras, VCRs, DDS satellite receiver, and camcorders for video and audio inputs and outputs. Radio Shack and many department stores carry inexpensive audio and video cables (called A/V hookup cables) with RCA phono connectors. These cables are typically used between a VCR video/audio outputs and the video/audio inputs on a television monitor. Cable lengths range from 3 to 12 feet in length. Inexpensive cables may be used for short runs (under 4 feet); use a higher grade video cable if the cable length exceeds 6 feet. Video input: The video input is standard level-video and supplies the proper 75-ohm termination. The video source may be standard NTSC composite video (camcorder, VCR, DDS receiver, etc.). The video input is also compatible with inexpensive black-and-white non-interlaced video surveillance cameras. Audio input: The audio input will accept standard line level audio from any AV (audio visual) source, or from audio only components such as tape decks, CD players, FM tuners, etc. The VEC-1290K transmitter will not transmit in stereo. When fed from a stereo source, the left stereo channel should be used to supply audio to the VEC-1290K. Getting the most range:

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual TV Transmitter Kit The tuned loop antenna may radiate better in some directions than others. Try placing the VEC-1294K in different positions to find the location that gives the best signal strength. FCC regulations: The VEC-1294K is designed to comply with Part 15 of the FCC rules and regulations, which governs the operation of unlicensed low-power transmitters. To stay legal, do not modify the antenna design or attempt modifications to increase the transmitter output power. If the VEC-1294K is causing interference to neighborhood TVs, it must be taken off the air or moved to another channel.

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

IN CASE OF DIFFICULTY
Only high-quality components and proven circuit designs are used in Vectronics kits. In very rare instances is a defective component the source of a problem. Replacement of defective parts is covered in the Warranty section. Ninety-five percent of the kits returned for factory repair are due to soldering problems or parts in the wrong locations. We advise repeating the assembly instructions step-by-step, looking for mistakes or soldering problems. Be especially wary of electrolytic capacitors and semiconductors. Kit builders often miss obvious mistakes. What is needed is a fresh set of eyes. Enlist a friend to go over your work. Always check the obvious! Is the power supply plugged in? Is the power switch on? Loud buzz heard with audio: Aural subcarrier generator misaligned. Readjust trimmer capacitor C15 for clearest sounding audio. Loud buzz heard on bright scenes: Video source is overdriving transmitter. Poor quality picture, loss of color: Readjust coil L2 for best picture quality. Poor range, snowy picture: Check that trimmer capacitor C20 is peaked for maximum signal strength. Reposition antenna loop. Dark bars on screen, hum on audio: Poor power supply filtering.

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual Circuit Description:

TV Transmitter Kit

THEORY OF OPERATION AND SPECIFICATIONS

The heart of the VEC-1294K centers on the Motorola MC1374 television modulator IC. This device contains an FM audio modulator, RF oscillator and video modulator, and 4.5-MHz sound-carrier oscillator. This single IC replaces at least several active components, greatly simplifying the circuit design while offering improved performance. The RF oscillator section generates the RF visual carrier frequency. The exact channel frequency is determined by components L2, C16 and C18. Operation is on channel 3, 4, 5 or 6. Components C7, C8, C15 and L1 are the frequency determining components for the FM modulated 4.5-MHz aural subcarrier generator. (The 4.5-MHz aural subcarrier is mixed with the RF output to produce the aural carrier). IC U2, a low-power 78L08 8-Vdc voltage regulator, supplies power to the oscillator portions of the MC1374 for improved frequency stability. Transistor Q1 is a 2N5109 RF transistor, well suited for Class A linear RF amplifier service. The 2N5109 is configured as a broad-band Class A RF power amplifier stage. This stage amplifies the RF visual and aural carriers to a usable level. The antenna system uses an internal resonant loop which is gamma matched to the transmitter low-impedance output. For best efficiency, the antenna is tunable over TV Channels 3, 4, 5 and 6. Specifications: RF output ...................................... TV channels 3, 4, 5 or 6 Audio input ................................... Standard line level Video input ................................... 75-ohm, composite NTSC video Aural carrier.................................. standard 4.5-MHz aural carrier Power requirements....................... 12 to 13.8-Vdc, at 100 mA typical Antenna ......................................... Internal tuned loop, gamma matched PCB Dimensions ........................... 4.000" x 4.700"

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

SCHEMATIC

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

ENCLOSURE
Vectronics has designed a matching enclosure just for your VEC-1294K Television Transmitter Kit. The matching enclosure is an all metal box which includes knobs, hardware, decals, and rubber feet. Model VEC-1294KC.
To install your TV Transmitter in the VEC-1294KC matching enclosure follow these instructions (read all instructions before beginning ... take your time): 1. Find the front panel decal and rear panel decal; separate using scissors. Be sure to leave excess decal material around the edges. Put the rear panel decal on first. This is done by: a.) Remove all debris and oil from the chassis. This should be done using a piece of cloth and alcohol. b.) Remove the crack and peel to expose the adhesive. c.) Place the decal on the rear panel without securing it completely. d.) Gently rub the alignment circles with your finger--if the circles are centered in the enclosure holes (also check the corner alignment marks) secure the decal by rubbing and removing all air bubbles. e.) If the alignment circles are not centered, adjust the decal accordingly, then secure. f.) Use a penknife, or small ExactoTM knife, to cut away the unused edges (cut from the adhesive side) and cut out the component holes (cut from the description side). g.) Repeat this procedure for the front panel. 2. Next, install the two L-brackets on the chassis using two of the 3/16" screws. The longer side of the L-bracket must be connected to the chassis using the two holes centered on each edge of the enclosure. Refer to the diagram on the next page for location and orientation. 3. Install the four 1/2" mounting screws next. Insert the screws, from the bottom, through the four holes relatively close to each corner of the chassis. 4. Place the four 3/16" round spacers on the mounting screws. 5. Now insert the PC board. This must be done by: a.) Insert the front of the PC board at an angle so the controls enter their respective holes. b.) Push down on the rear of the board. Make sure the mounting screws align with the mounting holes in the PC board before pushing. 6. Use the four hex nuts to secure the PC board. Be certain all appropriate components are centered with the enclosure holes before tightening. 7. Find the switch cap. Align the switch cap with SW1 and push it on. If it is difficult to push on, then rotate it 90 and try again. 8. Install the top now. Use the two remaining 3/16" screws for securing the top to the L-brackets. Make sure the L-brackets are aligned properly. The loop antenna should fit through the slotted hole in the top. Make sure the loop and the gamma match wire are not touching any part of the enclosure. 9. Finally, place the four rubber feet on the bottom of the enclosure at the corners.

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VEC-1294K Owner's Manual

TV Transmitter Kit

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