3 33 3

OSCILLATION OSCILLATION OSCILLATION OSCILLATION

CET WORKSHEETS SOLUTIONS

Oscillation
Periodic Motion
1. a) periodic motion
2. c) both a and b
3. b) a simple harmonic motion is periodic
4. b) periodic but not oscillatory
5. b) periodic
6. d) non periodic
This motion is non periodice
Simple Harmonic Motion
7. a) linear S.H.M.
8. c) both a and b
9. d) force is proportional and opposite to
displacement
10. d) execute S.H.M.
stone will execute S.H.M.
11. d)
4
T



T is time period to traverse the path
1 2
. . . . . m p e p m p e p m p
where, m.p. = mean position
e.p. = extreme position.
If it start at t = 0 (mean position) it
will reach after
4
T
to extreme
position.
12. b) 5076 sec


g
R
=
2
6
9.8
6.4 10
g
R
= =

2
2 6
4 9.8
6.4 10 T

2 6
2
4 6.4 10
9.8
T

=
3
2 8 10
5076sec
7 2
T

= =

13. d) 16 sec


In period T phase changes by 2 , i.e.
phase change
2

occurs in time
4
T
.
4
4
T
= 16sec T =
14. b) N/m
Force constant = F/x = N/m
15. c) surface energy
Surface energy = surface tension =


force
length

2
1 0 2
. .
force MLT
S E M L T
length L

= = =
S.E. = K
16. b) always towards the mean position


The restoring force in S.H.M. is
directed always towards the mean
position.
17. b) decrease with time


The amplitude of the oscillations
decreases with time. (damping means
decreasing speed of oscillating body)
18. c) sine curve


F = Kx
F = K asin t
It is a sine curve
19. b) restoring force per unit mass per unit
displacement



K
m
=
2
/
.
K F x F
m m m x
= = =
2
is restoring force per unit mass
per unit displacement.
20. c) acceleration


F = Kx
ma = Kx
tan
x m
cons t
a K
= =
21. a)



The phase change from right to left
e.p. is .
22. b) 4 N/m


2
0.5
F
K
x
= =
K = 4 N/m
23.
d) 5 4


F = -Kx
( ) 4 K l =
4 K Kl = + (i)
( ) 5 K l =

Oscillation
30
5 K Kl = + (ii)
equation (ii) equation (i), we get
( ) 1 K =
( )
1
K

=

( ) 9 K l = (iii)
( )
9
l
K
=

9
l
K
= +
from equation (ii)
5 K
l
K
+
=
9 5 9 5 K K
K K K

+ + +
= + =

4
4
1
K
K

+
+
= =

( ) 4 4 4 = + = + +
5 4 =
24. d)
1
sec
2
per

2
2 = 2 =
2
T

=
2
2
T

=
2 T =
i.e.
1
sec
2
n per

=
25. b)
2
2
2.5 0
d x
x
dt
+ =


F = Kx
3 0.6 K =
3
5 /
0.6
K N m = =
2
5
2.5
2
K
m
= = =
Differential equation of motion is
2
2
0
d x K
x
m dt
+ =




2
2
2.5 0
d x
x
dt
+ =
26. c) 3.925 sec


Comparing
2
2
2.56
d x
x
dt
= with
2
2
2
d x
x
dt
=
we get,
2
2.56 =
1.6 / rad s =
2 2 3.14
3.925sec
1.6
T

= = =
27. c) both a and b
28. d) T


2
m
T
K
=
Independent of g so period will
remain same i.e. T.
29. b) 1.405 sec


F = Kx (in magnitude)
0.1 10
2
0.05 5
F
K
x
= = = =
K = 2
0.1 1
2 2 3.14 6.28
2 20
m
T
K
= = =
T = 1.405 sec
30. d) 0.2 s


F = mg
F = -Kx
mg = Kx (numerically)
3
2
10 10 9.8
9.8 /
1 10
mg
K N m
x

= = =

3
10 10
2 2
9.8
m
T
K

= =

0.01
2
9.8
=
2 0.0010 2 0.03s = =
0.188 0.2 s s =
31. a) 2 sec


2
200 / 1
2 2 2
200
m
T
K

= = =
T = 2s
32. b) 1 kg


6.4
64 /
0.1
F
K N m
x
= = =


Oscillation
31


2
m
T
K
=
2
4 64
m
=
1 2
4 8
m =
1 m =
1 m kg =
33. c) 1.6 m/s


400
1600 40 /
0.25
K
rad s
m
= = = =
max
0.04 40 1.6 / v a m s = = =
Displacement, Velocity and Acceleration
in S.H.M.
34. c)
2
sec
3



cos x a t =
cos
2
a
a t =

1
cos
2
t =
2
cos cos
6
t
T

=

2
6
t
T

=
4 2
6 6 3
T
t = = =
2
3
t s =
35. d) x = 4 cos (5.2 t)


Particle starts from extreme position
period T = 1.2 sec amplitude = 4

2 6.28
5.2
1.2 T

= = =
( ) cos x a t =
( ) 4cos 5.2t =
36. b)
2
rad

( ) 8cos 12 x t =
( )
0
cos sin 90 = +
8sin 12
2
x t

| |
= +
|
\

Compare with equation


( ) sin x a t = +
2
rad

=
37.
b) 5 3cm


2a = 0.2 = 20 cm
10 a cm =
( )
2 1
sin 10sin
6 2 6
x a t
| |
= + = +
|
\

10 3
10sin 5 3
3 2
cm
| |
= = =
|
\

38. d) 2.5 cm


( ) sin x a t = +
At t = 0, x = 5 sin
( )
/ 6
0 +

1
5 sin 5 2.5
6 2
cm

= = =
39. a) ( ) 4sin 5 / 4 x t = +


150
150 / min
60
n osc = =

5 5
/ sec
2 2
osc Hz = =
i.e.
5
2
n Hz = and
0
45
4
rad

= =
Standard equation is
( ) sin 2 x a t = +



5
sin 2
2
a t
| |
= +
|
\

4sin 5
4
x t

| |
= +
|
\

40. b) 2 s


( ) sin x a t =
Time taken at midway between m.p.
and e.p. from m.p. is
24
2sec
12 12
T
t = = =
41. c)
8
T



sin x a t =
sin
2
a
a t =
1
sin sin
4 2
t

= =

Oscillation
32

4
t

=
2 4 8
4
T
t
T


= = =
| |
|
\

42. c)
0
37


( ) 5sin y t = +
( ) 3 5sin 0 = +
3
sin
5
=
0
sin37 sin =
0
37 =
43. c) ( )
32 2 / m


( ) sin x a t = +
2 2
16 8 T

= = =
At t = 2, x = 0
0 sin 2
8
a

| |
= +
|
\

sin 0
4

| |
+ =
|
\

0
4

+ =
4

=
Now ( ) cos v a t = + (i)
cos 4
8 8 4
a
v
| |
=
|
\
(ii)
Comparing equation (i) and (ii),
4
8
t

=
4
8 8
t

=
4 t s =
Putting values in equation (ii)
4 . cos
8 4 8 2
a
a
| | | |
= =
| |
\ \


1
cos
4 2
| |
=
|
\

32 2
a m

=
44. c)
0
90


sin x a t =
( ) cos sin / 2 v a t a t = = +
Hence x and v are out of phase by
/ 2 or
0
90
45. a) A = 5, T = 2


5, A = , =
2
T

=
2sec T =
46. a)
2

cos sin
2
t t


| |
= +
|
\

phase diff
2

=
47. a) maximum


At mean position, velocity is
maximum.
48. c)
2a

Av.speed
4 4 2
2 /
a a a
T

= = =
49. c)
max
2
v


2
2 2 2
3
2
v a x a a
| |
= = =
|
|
\


2 2
3
4
a a =

2
max
4 2 2
v a a
= = =
50. a)
/ m s

max
2 v a a n = =
0.5 2 100 100 / cm s = =
/ m s =
51. c)
3
2
a


max
v a =

2 2
max
1 1
2 2
v v a a x = = =
hence
3
2
x a =



Oscillation
33
52. a) 16 units

5sin 4
6
x t
| |
=
|
\

a = 5, 4, = x = 3 units
2 2
v a x =
2 2
4 5 3 4 25 9 v = =
4 16 4 4 = = = 16 units.
53. b) 3.14 m/s

2a = 20 cm,
a = 10 cm = 0.1 m
600
10
60
n rps rps = =
2 2 10 20 n = = =
cos v a t =
1
0.1 20 cos 20
60

| |
=
|
\

0.1 20 cos
3

| |
=
|
\

1
0.1 20
2
= =
v = 3.14 m/s.
54. b) 2 : 1

2 2 2 2
2
v a x a x
T

= =
x will be same because they meet at
the same point.
6 2
3 1
Q
P
Q P
T
v
v T
= = =
55. c)
4 sec

2 2
4 25 v x =
( )
2 2
1
25
4
v x = (i)
( )
2 2 2 2
v a x = (ii)
Comparing equation (i) and (ii)
2
1
4
=

1
2
=
2 1
2 T

=
4 T =
56. c) 6 v



max
2
v a a v
T

= = =
( )
max
2 2 2
6 6
/ 3
l
a a
v v
T T

= = =
57. c) 10 cm/s

max
2 2
5 10 / v a a cm s
T

= = = =

58. d)
2
20 / cm s

2 2
2
max
2 2
4 4
5
a
acc a
T

= = =

2
20 / cm s =
59. a)
2
T
t and zero +

2
T
Time t = + and velocity is zero
60. b) the acceleration should be
proportional to displacement from the
equilibrium position
61. a) straight line
Straight line as
n
acc x .
62. b) displacement is zero

When displacement is zero,
acceleration is also zero.
63. b) minimum velocity and maximum
acceleration

At extreme position velocity is
minimum and acceleration is maximum.
64. a)
2

2 n
acc a =
2
64 4 =
2
16 =
4 / rad s =
2 2
sec.
4 2
T

= = =
65. b)
2
49.3 / cm s

2
T

=
2
T

= =
acceleration ( )
2
2
5 x = =
( )
2
3.14 5 =
acceleration
2
49.3 / cm s =

Oscillation
34
66. d)
2 2
800 / cm s

acceleration
2
x =
( ) ( )[ ]
2
2 sin sin n a t x a t = =
( )
2 2
4 sin 2 n a nt =
( )
2 2
2 10 1
4 10 2sin
40

| |
=
|
\

2
4 100 2sin
2

| |
=
|
\

acceleration
2 2
800 / cm s = .
67. b) displacement/acceleration

2 2
1 x Displacment
Acceleration
x
= =

= constant
68. c) angular velocity


2
max
acc a =

max
v a =
2
max
max
acc a
v a

= =
69. c)
2

2
max
n
acc a = =

max
v a = =
2
a
a

= =
2
T

=
2 / T =
70. a)
2
630 / m s

2 2 2
max
4 acc a a n = =

2
0.01 4 9.86 40 =

2
630 / m s
71. d) 2
v
a


2
max
max
a a
v a

= =

a
v
=

2 a
v T

=
2 v
T
a

=

72. d)
0
180

sin x a t =
sin
n
acc a t =
Hence x and a are out of phase by
or
0
180 .
73. d) 25 Hz

T = 0.04 sec
2
1 1 1
10
0.04 4
n
T
= = =

100
25
4
Hz = =
74. c)
2


Acceleration per unit displacement

2
2
x
x

= =
75. b)
5
7.9 10 N

4sin
5 6
t
x
| |
= +
|
\
(i)
Standard equation is
( ) sin x a t = + (ii)
Comparing equation (i) and equation
(ii)
5

=
2
2
max
0.04
5
acc a

| |
= =
|
\


2
0.0157 / m s =

max max
F m acc =

5
0.005 0.0157 7.85 10 N

= =
76. b) 0.5 or
2
rad

77. c)
3
2
rad

Epoch of the particle is
3
2 2
rad

+ = .
78. a)
2
rad

79. d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are correct
80. d) both a and b

As, x = a/2
( )
2 2 2
1
. .
2
K E m a x =

Oscillation
35


2
2 2
1
2 2
a
m a
| |
| |
= |
|
|
\
\


2
2
1 3
2 4
a
m =
( )
2 2
max
3 1 3
. .
4 2 4
m a K E = = or
( )
3
. .
4
T E
81. a)

82. c)

83. a) P.E. in S.H.M.
84. a)

85. d) 2n
86. a)

87. d)

88. d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
89. d) a/2


1
. . . .
4
P E T E =

2 2 2 2
1 1 1
2 4 2
m x m a =

2 2
1
4
x a =
2
a
x =
90. b)
3
4
E

2 2
1
. .
2
T E E m a = =
,
2
a
x = K.E. = ?
( )
2 2 2
1
. .
2
K E m a x =

2
2 2 2 2
1 1
3
2 4 2
a
m a m a
| |
= =
|
|
\


2
3 1 3
4 2 4
m a E = =
91. d) 0.8 J

2
1
. .
2
K E mv =
( )
2 1
. . 0.1 4
2
K E =

1
1
0.1 16 8 10
2

= =
K.E. = 0.8 J
92. b) 0.8 J

T.E. = K.E. + P.E.
P.E. = (T.E.) (K.E.) = 1.6 0.8
P.E. = 0.8 J
93. c) 10 m/s

The speed of the particle when its
crosses the centre of the path is
maximum and is given as
max
v a =
2 2
1
. .
2
T E m a =
( )
2 1
25
2
m a =
( )
2 1
25 0.5
2
a =
25 2 50
100
0.5 0.5
a

= = =
94. b)
2 cm

K.E. = 3 P.E.
( )
2 2 2 2 2
1 1
3
2 2
m a x m x =

Oscillation
36

( )
2 2 2
3 a x x =
2 2
4 a x =
2
2
4
a
x =
4
2
2 2
a
x cm = = =
95. b) 10 cm

( )
2 2 2
2 2
1
. .
2
1
. .
2
m a x
K E
P E
m x

=

2 2
2
3
a x
x

=

2 2 2
3x a x =

2 2
4x a =
a = 2x
20
10
2 2
a
x cm = = =
96. a)
3
4


2
a
x =
( )
2 2 2
2 2
1
. .
2
1
. .
2
m a x
K E
T E
m a

=

( )
2 2 2
2 2
1
/ 4
2
1
2
m a a
m a

=

2 2
2 2
1 3
3
2 4
1
4
2
m a
m a

= =
97. b)
1
4


x = a/2
( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1
/ 4
. .
2 2
1 3
. .
2 4
m x m a
K E
T E
m a m a


= =

1
4
=
98. c) 4 N/m

2 2 2
1 1
. .
2 2
P E m x Kx = =
( )
2 1
0.02 0.1
2
K =
0.02 2 0.01 K =

0.04
4 /
0.01
K N m = =
99. c) 1 : 1

( )
( )
2 2
max
2 2
max
1
. .
1
2
1
. . 1
2
m a
K E
P E
m a

= =
100. c) 20 cm

( )
2 2
1
. .
2
T E m a =
2
2
1 2
0.04 0.5
2 3.14
a
| |
=
|
\

2
0.04 2
4
0.5
a

=

2
0.08
4
0.5
a =

2
0.08 1 0.02
0.04
0.5 4 0.5
a = = =
a = 0.2 m or 20 cm
101. b) ( ) ( )
max max
. . . . 4 P E K E J = =

( )
2 2
max
1
. .
2
P E m a = at e.p.
so K.E. = 0, T.E. is P.E. = 4J
( )
2 2
max
1
. .
2
K E m a = at m.p.
So P.E. is zero i.e. T.E. is K.E. = 4 J
( ) ( )
max max
. . . . 4 P E K E J = =
102. a) 75%

% decreases in energy
1 2
1
100
E E
E

=
2 2 2 2
1 2
2 2
1
1 1
2 2
100
1
2
m a m a
m a

=
2 2 2 2
1 2
2 2
1
20 10
100 100
20
a a
a

= =
400 100
100
400

=

Oscillation
37

300
100 75%
400
= =
103. b) 90% of a

K.E. = 19% T.E.
( )
2 2 2 2 2
1 19 1
2 100 2
m a x m a
| |
=
|
\

( )
2 2 2
100 19 a x a =
2 2
100 100 19 x a =
2 2
81 100 a x =
2 2
81
100
x a =
9
10
x a = or 90% of a
104. d)
2
n U

( )
1
. . P E U =
( )
2 2
1
1
. .
2
P E m x =
2
. . P E x
( )
( )
2
2
1
. .
. .
P E
nx
P E x
| |
=
|
\

( ) ( )
2
2 1
. . PE n P E =
( )
2
2
. . P E n U =
105. d)
1 2
2 W W =

Energy is stored in the form of P.E.
2
1
2
E Kx =
F = Kx
F
x
K
=
2
2 2
2
1 1 1
2 2 2
F F F
E K K
K K K
| |
= = =
|
\

Force is same
1
E
K

2 1
1 2
W K
W K
=
2
1
2
W K
W K
=
1 2
2 W W =
106. b)
1
9


2 2
1
. .
2
P E m x =
3
a
x
| |
=
|
\


2
2
1
2 3
a
m
| |
=
|
\




2
2
1
2 9
a
m =
2 2
1
. .
2
T E m a =
2
2
2 2
1
. .
2 9
1
. .
2
a
m
P E
T E
m a

=
. . 1
. . 9
P E
T E
=
107. b) 25% and 75% respectively

2
a
x =
2 2
1
. .
2
P E m x =
2
2 2 2
1 1 1
2 2 2 4
a
m m a
| |
= =
|
\

( )
2 2 2
1
. .
2
K E m a x =
2
2 2 2 2
1 1 3
2 4 2 4
a
m a m a
| |
= =
|
|
\

1
. . . . 25%
4
P E T E = =
3
. . . . 75%
4
K E T E = =
108. d) both b and c


2
. . T E a
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 1 2
2 2
1 1 1
. . 2
4
. .
T E a a
T E
a a
= = =
( ) ( )
2 1
. . 4 . . T E T E =

2
max
1
. .
2
T E mv =
2
max
. . T E v
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
max
2 2
max
1 1
. .
. .
v T E
T E v
| |
= |
|
\



Oscillation
38

( )
( )
( )
( )
2
max
1 2
max
1 1
4 . .
. .
v T E
T E v
| |
= |
|
\

( )
( )
2
max
2
max
1
4
v
v
| |
= |
|
\

Taking square root on both sides,
( )
( )
max
2
max
1
2
v
v
=
( ) ( )
max max
2 1
2 v v =
109. c) 0.392 J


2
. . T E a
( ) ( )
2
2
2
. . T E a
( ) ( )
2
1
1
. . T E a
equation (i) equation (ii)
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
1 1
. .
. .
T E a
T E
a
=
( )
2
2
2.1
. . 0.8
3
T E
| |
=
|
\

( )
2
0.7 0.8 =
( )
2
. . 0.392 T E J =
110. b) 4:49


2 2
. . T E a n
( )
2 2
2 2
2
. . T E a n (i)
( )
2 2
1 1
1
. . T E a n (ii)
equation (ii) equation (i)
( )
( )
2 2
1 1 1
2 2
2
. .
. .
T E
a n
T E a n
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

( )
( )
2 2
1
2
. .
5 2
. . 7 5
T E
T E
| | | |
=
| |
\ \

( )
( )
1
2
. .
4
. . 49
T E
T E
=
Composition of Two S.H.M.
111. a) initial phase of S.H.M. only
112. d) 19

( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 cos R A A a a a = + +
9 4 2 3 2cos 0
3
| |
= + +
|
\




1
13 2 6
2
= +
19 =
113. a) 5 cm

( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 cos R a a a a = + + =



2 2
3 4 2 3 4cos 0
2
| |
= + +
|
\

9 16 24 cos
2
| |
= + +
|
\

9 16 25 5cm = + = =
114. c) 1 : 2

( )
1
5sin 2 / 4 x t = +
1
5 a =
[ ]
2
5 2 sin 2 cos 2 x t t = +
5 2 sin 2 5 2sin 2
2
t t

| |
= + +
|
\

( )
2 2
2 1 2 1 2 1 2
2 cos
a
R a a a a = + +

( ) ( )
2 2
5 2 5 2 2 5 2
5 2 cos
2

+ +
=


50 50 100 10 = + = =

2
10 a =
1
2
5 1
10 2
a
a
= =
115. c) R = 5 unit

( ) 4sin 10 3sin 10
2
x t t

| |
= + +
|
\

( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 cos
a
R a a a a = + +

2 2
4 3 2 4 3 cos
2
| |
= + +
|
\

16 9 25 5 unit = + = =
116. b) 2cm

( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 cos R a a a a = + +
1 1 0 R = + +
2 =
117. b)
1
tan 1

Oscillation
39

1 2 1 2 2
2 1 2 2
sin sin
tan
cos cos
a a
a a

( +
=
(
+



1
1sin0 1sin
2
tan
1cos0 1cos
2

(
+
(
=
(
(
+



1
0 1
tan
1 0

+ (
=
(
+


( )
1
tan 1

=
Simple Pendulum
118. d) both a and b

Simple pendulums motion is periodic
and oscillatory
119. a) component of weight of the bob
120. d) both a and c
121. b) it will oscillate faster

It will oscillate faster As
1
T
g

122. a) straight line passing through origin

Graph between
2
T and L is a straight
line passing through origin
( )
T L
123. c) rectangular hyperbola


Graph between
2
T and g is a
rectangular hyperbola
124. a) straight line passing through origin


Graph between T and
L
g
is a
straight line passing through origin.
125. c) infinity

At the centre of the earth g = 0
2
L
T
g
=
2 2
0
L
T = = =
T =
126. c) both a and b

T is independent of amplitude and
depends upon temperature.
127. a)
1 2 1 2
L L and T T > >
128. c) remain constant
T is independent of mass
129. d) it will first increase and then it will
decrease to ultimately acquire the
initial value

If hole is made at the bottom of the

sphere filled with water, then water
comes out of hole. Due to this C.G.
goes down. Therefore, initial length
of pendulum increases and its period
also increases, after some time centre
of gravity is just shifted up.
Therefore, effective length just
decreases. Hence period also
decreases. At the last (when ball is
empty) again time period is T as of
initial because C.G. coincides with its
original position.
130. a) zero
(as in one oscillation, displacement = 0)
131. d) it will remain unchanged

Period of pendulum do not depends
on amplitude of oscillations.
132. c) 84.6 min


2
L
T
g
= L = R
3
6400 10
2 2
9.8
R
T
g


= =
= 6.28 808.122 = 5075.0063 sec
= 84.6 min
133. d) 1.21 : 1


1
2
g
n
L
=
1 2
2 1
n L
n L
=
2
1
10 / 25
11/ 25
L
L
=

2
2
1
10
11
L
L
| |
=
|
\


2
1
100
121
L
L
=

1
2
121
1.21
100
L
L
= =
134. b) 0.5 m

T L
1 1
2 2
L T
T L
=
1
1
100
120 0.22
L
L
=
+



Oscillation
40


1
1
5
6 0.22
L
L
=
+

Squaring both sides,
1
1
25
36 0.22
L
L
=
+

1 1
36 25 5.50 L L = +
1
11 5.5 L =
1
5.5
0.5
11
L m = =
135. a) 60 min

L = R
2 2
1 1
R R
T
R R
g g
L R
= =
| | | |
+ +
| |
\ \

( )
86400
2 2 2
2 2 2
R R
g g g
= = =
T = 60 min
136. c) 2 sec

Period of pendulum is independent of
mass and depends on length. Here,
length in two cases is same so period
is same.
137. b) on the surface of Earth

1
T
g
, T is minimum when g is
maximum. g is maximum on the
surface of Earth.
138. b) 0.7 sec

2
K m =
2
2 F
m
x T
| |
=
|
\

2
2
4 F m
x T

=
2
2
4 m x
T
F

=


( )
2
4 3.14 50 5
20 980

=

2
4 9.8 250
0.503
19600
T

= =
0.503 0.7 sec T = =
139. b) 0.028 sec

/ K F x mg
m m xm
= = =


V g Ax g A g
xm xm m

= = =
2
2
m
T
A g

= =


( ) ( )
3
2
2 10
1 1 9.8

=


= 0.028 sec
140. c) 24.5 sec

2
E
E
L
T
g
= (i)
2
E
L
T
g
=
2
M
M
L
T
g
=
2
/ 6
M
L
T
g
=
6
2
M
L
T
g
= ... (ii)
By equation (i) and equation (ii)
2 /
2 6 /
E
M
L g T
T L g

=
1
6
E
M
T
T
=
6
M E
T T =
As period on moon increases by
6 times clock looses time by
6 times.
On moon
60
24.5 sec
6
T = =
141. d) 5 vibrations

Let first pendulum vibrates n times
and second pendulum vibrates (n + 1)
times. So that both start swinging
together.
( )
1 2
1 nT n T = +
2 2
1 1
1
n T L
n T L
= =
+

1 1
1 1.44 1.2
n
n
= =
+

1.2 n = n + 1
0.2 n = 1

Oscillation
41

1
5
0.2
n = =
142. a)
sec 0

2
1
2
S ut at = +
( )
2 1
8 0 2
2
p
t g = +
8 2
p
g =
4
p
g =
2
p
L
T
g
=
1 2
2 sec
4 2
T

= = =
143. c) becomes less than T

There is a additional force of
attraction apart from usual
gravitational attraction. The effective
value of g increases so T decreases
1
T
g
| |
|
|
\

144. d) both b and c

The time period will change only
when the additional electrostatic force
has a component along the direction
of the displacement, which is always
perpendicular to the string.
145. a) decrease
146. b) remain same

Uniform velocity so acceleration is
(a) = 0, so value of g does not change.
Time period does not change.
147. d) falling freely
T = for free falling
148. b) infinity

0 g =
2 2
L L
T
g o
= = =
149. d) in summer it will go slow and in
winter it will go fast

In summer L increases so T increases.
As T increases n decreases and clock
will go slow. In winter L decreases so
T decreases. As T increases n
increases. Hence clock will go fast.
150. c) more that it is on the surface of earth




2
L
T
g
= , g decreases hence T
increases.
151. b) increase

In liquid the value of g decreases due
to upthrust of liquid and hence time
period increases.
1 g g
d
| |
=
|
\

152. a) g + a
153. b)
3
a
T


2 2
2 3
4
a
v a x
T

2
= =

3 a
T

=
Seconds Pendulum
154. b)
1
2
Hz

T = 2 sec
1 1
2
n Hz
T
= =
155. c) does not oscillate at all


2
L
T
g
= (g = 0)
2
0
L
=
T =
So it will not oscillate.
156. c) 2 6 sec

2
L
T
g
=
2
tan T g cons t =
2
tan
6
M
g
T cons t =
2
tan
E
T g cons t =
6
M E
T T =
2 6sec
M
T = ( ) 2sec
E
T =
157. d)
2
g

2
L
T
g
=

Oscillation
42

2 2
4
L
T
g
= (T = 2)
( )
2
2
2 4
L
g
=
2
g
L

=
158. c) 100 cm

2
L
T
g
=
2 2
4
L
T
g
=
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
980 2
4
4 3.14
gT
L

= =

980
100
9.8596
cm =
159. a) increases by 1%

1
T
g

2 1
1 2
T g
T g
=
2
1
0.98
T g
T g
=
2
1
50 5 2 5 1.414 7.07
49 7 7 7
T
T

= = = =
2
1
1.01
T
T
=
% change in time period
2 1 2 1
1 1
1.01
100 100
T T T T
T T

= =
= 1 %
T is inversely proportional to square
root of g so T increases by 1%.
160. c) 864 sec

2
L
T
g
=

102 51
2 2
100 50
n
L L
T
g g
= =


51
2
50
L
g
=
1.02 1.01
n
T T T = =

Time period increases by 1%
Loss of
time per day
24 60 60 1
100

=
= 864 sec.
Oscillation due to Spring
161. b) nk
162. d)
1 2
1 2
2
K K
m
K K

| | +
|
\


The force constant of series
combination is given by
1 2
1 1 1
K K K
= + OR
1 2
1 2
K K
K
K K
=
+

2
m
T
K
=
( )
( )
1 2
1 2
2
m K K
T
K K

+
=
163. c)
1 2
2
m
K K

+


The force constant of parallel
combination is given by
1 2
K K K = +
2
m
T
K
=

( )
1 2
2
m
K K
=
+

164. d)
2 2
1 2
T T +

Time period is given by
1
1
2
m
T
K
= and
2
2
1
1
4 m
T
K

= (i)

2
2
2
2
4 m
T
K

= (ii)
Also 2
s
s
m
T
K
=
Adding (i) and (ii)
2 2 2
1 2
1 2
1 1
4 T T m
K K

| |
+ = +
|
\



Oscillation
43

1 2 2
1 1 1
K K K
+ = (series combination)
2
2 2
1 2
4
s
m
T T
K

+ =
2
2 2
1 2
2
s
m
T T
K

| |
+ = |
|
\

2 2 2
1 2 s
T T T + =
2 2
1 2 s
T T T = +
165. b)
1 2
2 2
1 2
TT
T T +


1
1
2
m
T
K
= (i)
2
2
2
m
T
K
= (ii)
and 2
p
p
m
T
K
=
1 2 p
K K K = +
( )
1 2
2
p
m
T
K K
=
+

from equation (i) and (ii)
2
1 2
2 2
1
4 TT m
K K
= (iii)
Now, divide equation (iii) by
s
T
( )
2
1 2 1 2
1 2 1 2
4 /
2 /
s
m K K TT
T
m K K K K

=
+


1 2
2
m
K K
=
+

This is equation of
p
T
1 2 1 2
2 2
1 2
p
s
TT TT
T
T
T T
= =
+


( )
2 2
1 2 s
T T T = +
166. b) 13720 dyne/cm

For spring oscillations
mg = Kx
70 980 8600
5 5
mg
K
x
9
= = =
K = 13720 dyne/cm.

167. d) 50 N/m

1 2
1 2
100.100 10000
100 100 200
s
K K
K
K K
= = =
+ +

50 /
s
K N m =
168. d)
3
2
2
m
K


In parallel springs 2
p
K K =
Now 2K and K in series will give
resultant as
R
K .
( )
2
2 2 2
2 3 3
R
K K K
K K
K K K

= = =
+

3
2 2 2
2 / 3 2
R
m m m
T
K K K
= = =
169. c)
( ) 1 n
K
n
+


The spring is divided in such a way
that
1 2
l nl =
1
2
l
l
n
=
( )
1 2
l l l = +
1
1
l
l l
n
= +
( )
1
1 n
l l
n
+
=
( )
1
ln
1
l
n
=
+
(i)
Now the force constant of spring is
inversely proportional to the length
1
K
l

for
1
l
1
1
1
K
l

from equation (i)
( )
1
1 n
K
nl
+

( ) ( )
1
1 1
1
n n K l
K nl n
+ +
= =

( )
1
1 n
K K
n
+
=
170. d)
3
2
K

Oscillation
44

According to above formula
( ) 1
long
n
K K
n
+
=
2 1
2 l l = , n = 2
( ) 2 1 3
2 2
long
K K K
+
= =
171. c) 1: 2

T l
1 1
2 2
1
2
T l
T l
= =
172. b)
( )
2
M m x
t
mg

+
=

F mg
K
x x
= =
2
2
M m
T
K

+
= =
Putting value of K in equation (i), we
get
( )
2
M m x
T
mg

+
=
173. c) 3.2 kg

2 2
M
K
= (i)
( )
4
2 1 2
M
K

+
+ = (ii)
By equation (i) and equation (ii)
( )
2 /
3 4
4 /
M K M
M
M K
= =
+
+

Squaring both sides
( )
4
9 4
M
M
=
+

4M + 16 = 9M
16 = 5M
16
3.2
5
M kg = =
174. d)
2
T


2
m
T
K
=
and
1
2
4
m
T
K
=


1
/ 4 1
2 /
T m K
T m K
= =
1
2
T
T =
175. a)
1
6
K
m


( )
1 2 1 2
1
/ 1
2
K K K K
n
m
+
=
1
/
1 4 5 4 5
2
K K K K
n
m
| | | |
+
| |
\ \
=
2
1
9
/
20 20
1
2
K K
n
m
| |
| |
|
|
\
\
=
1
1 / 9
2
K
n
m
=
1
1
6
K
n
m
=
176. b)
3
2 20
K
m


2
1
1 1
2 2
p
K
K K
n
m m
+
= =

9
1 1
4 5 20
2 2
K K K
m m
+
= =

1 3
2 20
K
m
=
3
2 20
K
n
m
=
177. d)
2
1
K
K



1
2
m
T
K
=
1 1
2
2
m
K

=
1 2
2
2
m
K

=
1
1
K
m
= and
2
2
K
m
=


Oscillation
45

1 2
, v a = =
1 2
1 2
K K
a a
m m
=
1 2
2 1
a K
a K
=
178. c) 2 sec

200
F
K
x
= =
2
200
200 /
K
m
=
2 2
=
2
T

= =
2 sec T =
179. c) 3.52 Hz

2
g
l
=
980
490
2
=
2 22.14 / sec n rad = =
22.14
3.52
2 6.28
n Hz

= = =
180. b) 4.4 sec

0.98
2 2
2
m
T
K
= =
2 0.49 =
2 0.7 1.4 3.14 4.4 sec T = = =
181. d)
1
2


If m = K
2
m
T
K
=
if m = K
then 2 T =
1 1
2
frequency
T
= =

Angular S.H.M. and Magnet Vibrating in
Uniform Magnetic field
182. a) 2
I
T
C
=
183. d)
1 2 2
M L T

(



1 2 2
1 2 2
0 o o
M L T
C M L T
M L T

(
= = =

184. b)
2
2
4 I
M T

| |
| |
|
|
|
\
\


2
I
T
MB
=
2 2
4
I
T
MB

| |
=
|
\

2
2
4 I
B
M T

| |
| |
=
|
|
|
\
\

185. d)
2 2
1 2
2 2
1 2
2T T
T T +


2
I
T
MB
=
2
1
2
1
4 I
M
T B

=

2
2
2
I
T
M B
=
2
2
2
2
4 I
M
T B

=
When they assist
2
1 2
2 2
1 2
4 1 1 I
M M M
B T T

| |
= + = +
|
|
\

( )
1 2
2
2
I
T
M M B
=
+


2
2 2
1 2
2
2
4 1 1
I
I
B
B T T

=
| |
+
|
\


2 2
1 2
2 2
1 2
2 2
2
T T
T T

=
+


2 2
1 2
2 2
1 2
2T T
T
T T
=
+

186. b)
2 2
1 2
2 2
2 1
2T T
T T


1
1
2
I
T
M B
=
2
1
2
1
4 I
M
T B

=

Oscillation
46


2
2
2
I
T
M B
=
2
2
2
2
4 I
M
T B

=
When the dipoles are coupled to
oppose each other then
1 2
M M M =
( )
1 2
2
2
I
T
M M B
=

2 2
2 2
1 2
2
2
4 4
I
T
I I
B
T B T B

=
| |

|
\



2
2 2
1 2
2
2
4 1 1
I
I
B
B T T

=
| |

|
\

2 2
1 2
2 2
2 1
2T T
T
T T
=

187. c) 2 sec

1
30 1
30 / min
60 2
n osc Hz Hz = = =
1
2sec T =

1
T
B


2 1 1
1 2 1
2
T B B
T B B
= =

2 1
1 2
2 2
T T = =

2
2sec T =
188. d)
2
200 Am

2
I
T
MB
=
2
2
4 I
M
BT

=


3
5
4 3.14 3.14 3 10
6 10 3.14 3.14

=



3
2
5
12 10
2 10
6 10

= =

2
200 M Am =
189. a) 5 : 4

2 2
1 2 1
2 2
2 2 1
M T T
M T T
+
=

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
12 4 144 16 160
144 16 128
12 4
+ +
= = =

1
2
5
4
M
M
=
1 2
: 5.4 M M =
190. d)
1
2
| |
|
\
times

1
T
M

2 1
1 2
1
4
T M
T M
= =

2 1
1
2
T T =
191. d) 1 : 2

T I
1 1
2 2
1 1
4 2
T I
T I
= = =
192. d) 1.57 sec

5
10 6
2 2
2 0.8 10
I
T
MB

= =



1 1
2 3.14 2 3.14
16 4
= =
3.14
1.57sec
2
T = =
193. b) 3 B assisting the first field

2
I
T
MB
= (i)
Time period reduces to
1
2
so
magnetic field is assisting.
( )
1
2
I
T
M B H
=
+

( )
2
2
T I
M B H
=
+
(ii)

By equation (i) and equation (ii)

Oscillation
47

2
B H
B
+
=
4
B H
B
+
=
4B = B + H
3B = H assisting the field.
194. a)
sec

5
4
10
2
1 0.4 10
I
T
MB

= =



1 1
2 2 sec
4 2
= = =
195. c)
1
2
4
1
M
M
=

2
1 2
2
2 1
M T
M T
=
2
1
2
2 4
1 1
M
M
| |
= =
|
\

196. d) 5 : 3

2 2
1 2 1
2 2
2 2 1
M T T
M T T
+
=

( )
1
120 / sec n oscillations =
( )
2
60 / sec n oscillations =
1
1
sec
120
T = and
2
1
sec
60
T =
2 2
1
2 2
2
1 1
60 120
1 1
60 120
M
M
| | | |
+
| |
\ \
=
| | | |

| |
\ \

Multiplying and dividing by ( )
2
60
2 2
1
2 2
2
1 1
1
1
1 2
4
1
1 1
1
4
1 2
M
M
| | | |
+
+ | |
\ \
= =
| | | |

| |
\ \

1
2
5 / 4 5
3 / 4 3
M
M
= =
197. c) 0.64 rps

1
2
MB
n
I
=

5
6
1 2 1.6 10
2 3.14 2 10

=



1
4 0.6369
6.28
= = 0.64rps
198. a) X = 0.75 H

1
2
H
MH
n
I
=
No. of oscillations are decreases so H
and X are opposing to each other
( ) 1
2
x
M H X
n
I

=
X
H
n H X
n H

=
2
2
x
H
n H X
H n

=

1
4
H X
H

=
H = 4 (H X)
H = 4 H 4 X
4 X = 4 H H
4 X = 3 H
3
0.75
4
X H H = =
199. a)
5 2
5 10 / Wb m

2 1
1
2
n n =
n B
1 1
2 2
n B
n B
=
1 1
2
2
1
2
n B
B
n
=

1
2
2
B
B
=

1
2
4
B
B
=
1 2
4 B B =

3
1.25 10 4

=

5 2
1
5 10 / B Wb m