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FUEL SYSTEM.....................................................................................................7
Overview .................................................................................................................................................... 7 Fuel Pump Systems .................................................................................................................................... 7 Fuel Management ....................................................................................................................................... 7
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Cabin Temperature: Cabin temperature is controlled by air conditioning in seven independent temperature control zones: Three on the upper deck, two on the main cargo deck and two in the lower lobe cargo areas. Conditioned air is provided by three air conditioning packs located below decks in the center section of the airplane. Pack control, fault protection and overheat protection are all automatic. The primary method for temperature control within the aircraft is via automatic modulation based upon temperature knob settings. Each of five temperature control knobs maintains temperature for a unique area of the aircraft. A backup mode of temperature control is available in the event of system failures. The air conditioning packs can operate using pressurized bleed air from the engines, APU or an external pneumatic ground source. PMDG 747-400/400F AOM
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The air conditioning system synoptic provides an overview of the aircraft temperature control zones in the upper left corner. This overview includes the master temperature setting, target and average temperature for each zone, plus the current temperature of the forward and aft cargo compartments.
Recirculation Fans: Recirculation fans are not present in the 747-400F. Gasper Operation: The gasper system is not present in the 747-400F. Humidifier: In order to improve humidity levels which are traditionally very low in pack conditioned air, operation of the humidification system can be controlled using the HUMID switch on the overhead ECS panel. The humidification system reintroduces moisture to the airflow rather than routing it through the evaporator. Humidification levels will vary depending on the number of packs in operation. Not all 747-400F operators have selected humidification as an option on their aircraft, but we have elected to model its presence in this simulation.
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Utility and Galley Busses: Each main AC bus provides power to a utility bus. Note that the 747-400F does not have galley busses, and as such they are not shown on the lower EICAS ELEC display. Bus Equipment Overview: Following lists the DIFFERENCES between the buses on the 747-400F and the 747-400 passenger configuration:
With either of these sources showing AVAIL, the Ground Handling Bus will be powered, thus allowing operation of the nose cargo door and the main deck cargo door. If both of these power sources is OFF or ON, and neither shows AVAIL, you will be unable to operate the doors. APU / External Power: While on the ground, it is possible to provide AC power to the 747-400 via an external power source or the Auxiliary Power Unit generator. The electrical system is designed so that both methods of providing electrical power can be
Ground Handling Bus: Main Deck Cargo Door Nose Cargo Door Galley Buses: Deleted on the 747-400F aircraft.
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Note that there are an array of engine variants by each manufacturer currently flying on the wings of 747-400s. As various engine offerings have been improved upon to match the needs of 747-400 operators, engine model variant availability has changed over time. Operationally the differences between model variants is generally quite small. With the introduction of the PMDG 747400F, we have added two new mathematical engine model derivations in order to include both the Pratt and Whitney and Rolls Royce engine options for your use. Engine specific performance data has been added to the performance chapters of this manual in order to assist you with operating these new engine models. In order to model these new engine models within the simulator we have added extensive engine performance data tables for use by the FMC/CDU and AFDS. Additionally, the requisite changes have been made to the upper/lower engine EICAS displays in order to realistically represent the displayed information for 747400 aircraft powered by PW/RR engine types. The EPR values displayed are mathematically derived from publicly available data and may vary slightly from real world performance figures and published data for these engine types. Extensive engine performance data was used to produce an engine thrust and operative model that most closely resembles its real world counterpart.
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Fuel Pump Systems: The overhead fuel control panel differs from the 747-400 Passenger configuration with the removal of the stabilizer tank fuel pump control switches. Reference to stabilizer fuel capacity has subsequently been deleted from the lower EICAS FUEL display. Fuel Management: Fuel management logic on the 747-400F remains identical to that used on the 747-400 passenger configuration.
The fuel system on the PMDG 747-400 is easily the most complex part of the airplane from a behavior and logic standpoint. This portion of the airplane took more than 10 weeks to program because of its complexity and automation behaviors, and because of the severe limitations imposed on fuel usage by the primitive fuel tank model used by Microsoft Flight Simulator 9. In order to accurately simulate the fuel system on the 747-400, it was necessary to develop tools to allow the user to change the fuel load in the airplane without using the default MSFS fuel menu. To change the fuel load in the airplane, use the PMDG/OPTIONS/VARIOUS menu, and scroll your mouse wheel over the fuel figure to increase or decrease the figure to suit your needs. When you then hit OK the fuel requested will be loaded on the aircraft, properly configured for the correct tanks based upon the quantity loaded. The PMDG 747-400 fuel system maintains a perpetual fuel figure, so leaving the simulator and returning (at the end of a flight, for example) will instruct the simulator to reload the fuel-on-board figure from when you left the simulator.
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The 747-400F uses newer technology flat panel displays, thus simplifying the otherwise complex maintenance requirements of the traditional CRT displays in use on most passenger configuration 747400s.
Pressing APP will cycle the ISFD through each mode in succession. When in APP mode, the G/S and LOC scales will be displayed, although the course deviation indicators will not be present until a valid
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signal is received by the unit while in APP mode. When placed in BCRS mode, the BCRS LOC deviation scale will be displayed, but the course deviation indications will not be present until a valid signal is received.
options from within the maintenance menu system that is not modeled on the ISFD. Pressing the RST key on the lower left side of the ISFD will cause the system to reset the attitude display. An amber flag with a count down timer will be present while the reset is taking place.
ISFD HP/IN Button: The HP/IN button allows the user to switch between a barometric setting based upon IN HG or millibars based on personal preference. To set the desired barometric altimeter setting, simply press the large white knob on the lower right until the barometric setting is displayed on the upper right portion of the ISFD.
TO/GA Click-Spots in the Virtual Cockpit: In the PMDG 747-400 Queen of the Skies, we included the TOGA switches in the Virtual Cockpit. These switches are fully clickable and operate as they do on the actual airplane. As a result of the mouse/click/screen interface, they are not exactly the simplest interface to use, however. In the 2D cockpit, we have traditionally included a magic click spot that allows the user to trigger a TO/GA response from the autothrottle. Based upon customer feedback, we have added this click spot to the VC as well. While in VC mode, simply click on the screw located here on the MCP to activate TOGA.
Rotate the white knob left/right until the desired setting is achieved. To return the indication to STANDARD setting, simply press the white knob and STD will be displayed on the upper right corner of the ISFD.
The + and - keys located along the left side of the ISFD are for use when selecting
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Now that you have established keyboard commands to operate the various animation aspects of your PMDG 747-400F, you are ready to load up and go! Operating the Main Deck Cargo Doors: To operate the MAIN DECK cargo doors, you must have either APU GEN2 or EXT PWR 2 showing AVAIL as shown here:
While in the cockpit, you will be able to hear the jackscrew opening/closing the nose cargo door, as this jack screw is located just PMDG 747-400/400F AOM
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forward of your toes! You will not hear any of the other doors open/close, as they are located too far from the cockpit to be heard. Cargo Loaders: Using the same process of assigning key commands, you can place cargo loaders adjacent to the nose/side cargo doors. There are four cargo loader positions that can be populated during the loading/unloading of your PMDG 747-400F: Lower Lobe Forward:
For safety, it is not uncommon to place a tail stand under the rear fuselage of the 747400F during loading. The tail stand is used when the loading/unloading process requires a substantial amount of weight to be placed in the back of the airplane without weight in the front. All of these loaders are typical FMC style wide body container loaders that are used in cargo and passenger operations the world over. These loaders are capable of lifting and inserting containers (cans) and palettes of various standardized sizes with minimum of effort. If you use the PMDG 747-400F Load Manager to specify cargo weight in your 747-400F, you will see the cargo animated within the airplane. If the cargo on the main and/or lower deck exceeds 5,000lbs in weight, then you will see animated cargo on the main/lower deck as appropriate. If the weight is less than 5,000lbs, the respective deck will appear empty! PMDG 747-400/400F AOM
For crew access, a passenger stair can also be made to appear adjacent to the 1L side door. Revision 26FEB06
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