Chapter 4 - Projectile motion: an object moves in 2-D.

In the x-direction, there

is no acceleration. In the y-direction, only gravity is acting.
MOTION IN !"# DI$"TION I% IND&NDNT'' !ll (e need is to a))ly
the *holy +, in each direction'
2
-
. . 2
/ .
2 2
/ .
0 0
r r v t a t Introd1ce, i/ necessary : r xi yj
v v a t
v v 2a r 2arn them that the dot )rod1ct is coming.
%o, let3s a))ly the conditions o/ 4/ree /all4 to the 4holy +4...
5irst, the x-di
+ + +
+

v v v v v
v v v
v v
. .x
/x .x
rection: (e 4s)eciali6e4 the e71ations.
In the x-direction, there is no acceleration. No(, it3s easy'
x 8x v t
v v T#I% I% IM&O$T!NT'' The velocity in the x-direction doesn3t change'
2e a))ly the e
+

2
. .y
/y .y
2
.y /y
2 2
m
. /
s
71ations in the y-direction.
y8 y v t 9.:t
v v gt
2henis this negative;)ositive<< v v 2 = :.> ?=y y ?
+


#o( do )roblems vary< The y-directed )ath is a )arabola.
@
V
.y
v
v
.x
v
v
2hich ball (ill hit the gro1nd /irst, the red or the bl1e< =There is a bl1e ball hiding behind
The red ball? 2hy<
xam)le 9-9: The *Ice ManAs, /atal error< No, he (as act1ally Billed (ith an
arro(. h 8 2.CD m ( 8 9.-. m 5ind the minim1m .
v
v
s1ch that the mo1ntain climber
does not end 1) in the crevasse.
2
. .x
.x
.x
2
. .y
2
m
s
0 a? v v x
( v t
(
v t is the time o/ /alling /rom h82.CDm to . on the other side o/ the
t
crevasse. %ince this taBes )lace in the y-direction, (e (ill 1se
y y v t 9.:t
. 2.CDm . 9.:t
2.CDm
t ..
9.:

+
+

v
2
m
.x s
m
.x s
2 2
m
/ /x /y /y .y
s
2 2
/
CDs
9.-.m
v D.9>
..CDs
b?
( v t =E.. ?=..CDs? 9.Dm &he('
c? #is /inal velocity on landing is
v v v v v gt . =:.> ?=..CDs? C.+Dm; s
v =E..m; s? = C.+Dm; s? :.


+
+
v
v
m
0x s
If v =6.0 ,where does heland?
-
9:m; s
C.+Dm; s
tan D.
E..m; s

_


,
Range Formula
2
.
T2
F sin=2 ?
$
g

This /orm1la only (orBs /or the same initial and /inal
elevations. "learly, the range de)ends on the la1nch angle, , and on the
magnit1de o/ the initial velocity, F
.
.
Time 1) 8 time do(n (hen same initial and /inal elevation. !lso, t(o di//erent
)rojectiles (ill both have the same range i/
-
G
2
8 :..
5or many )rojectiles,
max
8 9D. #o(ever, air resistance also )lays a role. 5or a
baseball,
max
8 +D, b1t /or a gol/ ball,
max
8 +>.
-Tiger 2oods tees o// on level gro1nd, giving the ball an initial s)eed o/ 9D m;s at
an angle o/ +... above the hori6ontal. Hohn Daly is second o// the tee and really
smacBs the ball, giving it an initial s)eed o/ E. m;s. #o(ever, his ball lands right
beside TigerAs.
a. #o( /ar /rom the tee do the balls land<
b. !t (hat angle did Hohn Daly striBe his tee shot<
2
2
2
2 2
m
. s
T2
m
s
2 2
m
. s
HD T2
m
s
m
- s
2
m
s
=9D ? sin=E. ? F sin=2 ?
a? $ -C>m 2..m
g :.>-
=E. ? sin=2 ? F sin=2 ?
b? $ $ -C>m
g :.>-
=-C>m?=:.>- ?
2 sin 2:..-
=E. ?
-9.D

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