Emergent Time into Gravity as a Quantized Entropy

A. vgn

Eastern Mediterranean University Famagusta N.Cyprus Mersin 10 Turkey

(Dated: 15.11.2013; Received)
Abstract
In this paper, We study the time in general relativity. Time is a one of the most important
point in space-time metric. However, we show that time is not a fundamental ingredient that form
space-time. There is more fundamental thing as J. Wheeler said that bits. Bits form the entropy
and entropy is always increasing in the universe like a time. Here we assume that there is a micro
Schwarzschild black hole at the mass of planck and this is a constant factor of entropy. By using
this argument we need another important particle (bithon) like a speed of light particle photon.
This particle has a dierent property like a speed but unit is meter/bit. This is only toy model
and beginning of the new era of physics.

Electronic address: ali.ovgun@emu.edu.tr

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I. ENTROPY OF PLANCK SCHWARZSCHILD BLACK HOLE
Time is emerged into gravity? Time is fundemantal ? This questions are most of the
important questions in physics. It is well known that Schwarzschild black hole [1] one of the
simple black hole
d:
2
= (1
2G`
:
)dt
2
(1
2G`
:
)d:
2
:
2
(do
2
+ sin
2
od
2
) (1)
The rst two term at right side is about radial behavior (isotropy) and last two is
spherical symmetry. What happen if time is not together with space. Spacetime is not a
fundemental variable but it is emergent from entropy.
Firstly , Entropy of this black hole [2] [3] is calculated as
o
BH
=
/
4~G
=
4:/:
2
h
4~G
(2)
o
BH
=
4:/G
c~
`
2
If we assume that this is a micro Schwarzschild Black Hole, its mass must be smallest
mass in the universe which is planck mass (`
pl
=
q
c~
G
)
Now if we use the mass of planck, the entropy of Schwarzschild Black Hole is
o
BH
= 4:/
where k is boltzman constant (1.44 bit) and unit is"bit".
Hence we found that smallest planck black hole entropy is a bit.
Furthermore, we know that entropy is increasing always to oneway like a time. [5]
o
BH
= 4:/c (3)
we can write the entropy as a multiplication of a integer c = 1. 2. 3...
2
This c is number of the bit.
and time is proportional to entropy as a t o
BH
Now we can rewrite the Schwarzschild in terms of entropy. However, for making this
metric interval invariant we need another quantity and also particle. The new quantity is
"b" changing of meter with bits and unit is "m/bit " like a speed of light "m/s" photon
particle. This new particle is bithon.
d:
2
= (1
2G`
:
)/(4:/)dc
2
(1
2G`
:
)d:
2
:
2
(do
2
+ sin
2
od
2
)
Conclusion 1
In summary, we nd the schwarzschild metric , not depend on time but depend on entropy.
So our universe is not spacetime , it is "space-entropy".
This is a toy model for emergent time into gravity as a entropy.
[1] Schwarzschild, K., "ber das Gravitationsfeld einer Kugel aus inkompressibler Flssigkeit"
Sitzungsberichte der Kniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1: 424. (1916)
[2] Hawking, S. W. . "Black hole explosions?". Nature 248 (5443): 30 (1974)
[3] Bekenstein J.D.: Lettere al Nuovo Cimento, 4, 737, (1972)
[4] Lorenzo Maccone et.al, Time from quantum entanglement: an experimental illustration
arXiv:1310.4691v1 (2013) JHEP 0402:008, (2004)
[5] S. Hod Bohrs Correspondence Principle and the Area Spectrum of Quantum Black Holes Phys.
Rev. Lett. 81, 4293 4296 (1998)
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