The general definition of obesity is a chronic condition defined by an excess amount of body fat.

A certain amount of body fat is necessary for storing energy, heat insulation, shock absorption, and other functions the normal amount of body fat (expressed as percentage of body fat ) is between 25% -30% in women and 18%-23% in men. Women with over 30% body fat and man with over 25% body fat are considered obese. The calculation of body mass index (BMI) has also been used in the definition of obesity. the body mass index (BMI) equals a persons weight in kilograms (kg) divided by their height relative to height, it is strongly correlated with total body fat content in adults. Obesity is defined as a BMI of 30 and above. What are the health risks associated with obesity? Obesity is not just a cosmetic consideration; it is a dire health dilemma directly harmful to ones health. For patients with a BMI over 40, life expectancy is reduced significantly (as much as 20 years for men and 5 years for women). Obesity also increases the risk of developing a number of chronic disease including insulin resistance, high blood sugar (hypertension), heart attack, cancer and type 2 diabetes. What causes obesity? The balance between calorie intake and energy expenditure determines a persons weight. If a person gains weight (the body will store the excess energy as fat). If a person eats fewer calories then he or she metabolize, he or she will lose weight. Therefore the most common causes of obesity are overeating and physical inactivity.

Reading A. Read the text and answer the questions To : Sonya, Department Secretary From : Raju, Manager of Production Head Division Subject : Production Meeting The meeting for production staff will be held tomorrow at 10 a.ma please prepare the program and schedule. Also, remind the invited people to come on time. Thank you. Raju

DESCRIPTION In an attempt to protect the body, the immune system produces lgE antibodies to that allergen. Those antibodies then cause certain cells in the body to release chemicals into the bloodstream, one of which is histamine. The histamine then affects the eyes, nose,throat,lungs, skin or gastrointestinal tract and causes the sympyoms of the allergic reaction. Future exposure to that same allergen will trigger this antibody response aain. This means that very time you come into contact with allergen, youll have an allergic reaction. Allergic reactions can be mild, like a runny nose, or they can be severe, like difficulty breathing.

This text is for quensions 12 to 15 The body has five main senses: sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch. More informatin about the outside world enters the body through the eyes and ears-from pictures, noises, words on paper and everyday sounds-than through all the other senses combined. All the bodys sense organs work in the same way. They detect changes or features, and produce pattens of tiny nerve signals that are sent to the brain. The eye detects light as rays of different colors and brightness. The ear detects vibrations of sound that reach it as invisible air waves. Both smell and taste are chemo-senses. They detect tiny particles of chemical subtances-odorants floating in the air, and flavorings in foods and drinks. The two senses work separately, but they ussually both send messages to the brain at the same time when we eat and drink. So does the sense of touch, as the lips, tongue, gums and cheeks detect the temperature and hardness or consistency of the food. Smell, taste and touch are closely linked or associated in the brain-especially when we eat. What we imagine as the taste of a meal is really a combination of these three senses.