Caring for

OurPlanet
Hannam Joyce Read for our a n d d i sco vea r l l a b o u tca r ing b e a u t i fup l l a n e tE a rth... . W h a t i s g l o b a lw a rmi n g ? . Howcan we keep our ptanetctean? Read a ndd i sco vemo r rea b o u t the wor ld! pr ovides This s e ri e s o f n o n -fi cti ore n a d e rs i n t e r e s ti na gn de d u ca ti o n co a I n tent, with a c t i v i t i ea s n dp ro j e ct w o rk. Editor: Series HazeI Geatches Audio CDPack avaitable Wordcountfor thls reader: 3,804

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OurPlanet
Hannam Joyce 3 Introduction 4 Resources Carefu[[y 1 Using Coo[ 8 2 Keeping OurPlanet Electricityt2 Clean 3 Making 16 Travel 4 Reducing 20 Clean OurPlanet 5 Keeping 24 Ptants 5 Protecting 28 Animals 7 Protecting 32 WayForward 8 The 36 Activities 52 Projects 54 Glossary AboutReadandDiscover 56

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places. Onour planetEarth thereare manybeautiful Sadty, someof the thingsthat people do aredamaging We mustcarefor it, to keepit safeandclean our planet. for a[[ the plants, animals, andpeople livinghere.
ptaces Whatbeautiful canyouseebetow? places Whatbeautiful aretherein yourcountry? Howdo peopte damage ourplanet? Howcanwe care for ourptanet?

/\il( i(l.ur(l (ll)("li)wD l)irres Srham HongKong Karachi ( r r.rLr I r I D) r I N4ir(l ri(l lMoll)ourne Mc'xico City Nairobi l)r Nr.w l)( llr Slr.ilrglriri'l:tjl)ci lbronto \\'rl lr 0lli(r.s i tl Arrgcrrtin.r Arrstrirr llrazil Chilc CzechRepublic France (,r11\( (;il;rtcrnrh llul)grly ltrly.lilpan Poland Portugal \llrlt.rlr)r1 S(trtth Kr)rcr Swilzcrlnnd'l'hailand Turkey I ll(f.Inc Vt('t nitll ox r or rr .rrrrlox I'otu) li N(; t.tstt are registered trade nriuks oI ( )\I{,r(l I Iniv('rs'ly I'rcss ir) thc IJK ilr)d in cemnin otl]cr ( orilrllies r) ( )\li )r(l I llt iv('l sil y I)rcss 2o I o I lre rrrrrr':rl rirllls ol ll)c itulhol ltilve l)celt asserted |)rlirl)irse rirhl ()xli)rd tJnivcrsity l)f('ss (nuker) l;irsl l)lrl)lish(al ?oIo l()t.l l(,t:l ?()12 20lt |)9U7654:t2 No unauthorized 20lo

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All right s rcseryed. No prrt ol this publication may be rcpr(xln(ed. storcd in l retrieval system, ortEnslnitted, in rny loLm or by aDy mcaDs. without the prior pemission i D wril ing ol Oxford University Press,or as expressly Ix,rnritled by llw, or under temrs agTeed with the appropriate rcprographics rights organization. Enquides concening r('l)ntduction outside the scope ofthe .rbove should be sent lo Ilre lllil Rights DepartneDt, OxfordUniversityPress, at thc ad(lress above You nust Dot circulate this book in any other binding or c()vcr rnd you must impose this same condition on any itaquifcr Ar)y wfl)sitcs ret-eued to in this publication are in the l)ul)li( dorurirr rnd their addresses are provided by Oxford tlrriveNity l\'css for infornation only. Oxford University I'ress rlisc)aims any responsibility for the content I s BN: 97ll o 19 464559 r An Au(lio (il) I'rck coutniniDg tltis book and a CD is also ilvililif bl('. I s B N 978 tt 19 464599 j 'I I)('(:l) hirs:r ( hoi(e ol Antcriciln rnd British English rf(r)rdir)As ()l lhc (1)trrl)icte lcxt. n D irc(r)nrl)ilIyiIg Activity Book is also available, r\xN,)7ll o t{) {(),ls(x) o l\'it)l(.(l in ( lhi!):r 'l his brxrk is printed on plrpt,r litrnr ccrtiliecl and well r)liilrirAc(ls()ufccs.

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WeAllNeed Water
\7ater is one of the most important natural resources on Earth.W'e need fresh water to drink, and we need it to grow and cook food, and to wash. Plants, animals, and people all need water to live. About 70% of Earth is coveredwith water, but most of this water is salt water in oceans.Peopleneed fresh of Earth's water water to drink, but only about 3o/o is fresh water. In some countries there isn't enough water. Sometimes,people have to travel a long way to collect water, or they move to a new place where there is water.

givesus manynatural Ourptanet resources likeair to breathe andwaterto drink.lt givesus plantsand animals to eat,andcoa[andoil to makeelectricity. We needto usea[[ theseresources careful[y.

Renewable Resources
Some natural resources, like water, sun, wind, soil, animals, and plants, can replacethemselves naturally. They are called renewableresources. They will not run out if we don't use them too quickly. If we use them carefully,we will have lots of these resourcesto use for a long time.
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NonRenewa bleResou rces

Sfe use fossil fuels like coal, gas, and oil in power stationsto make electricity.\7e use electricity to power lights. Refrigerators, televisions, and computers all neecielectricity,too. Many people use electricity to cook and to heat their homes.\(/e also use electricitv to power some vehicles,and we use oil to make gasolineto power cars and other vehicles. The problem is that thesefossil fuels cannot be replaced,so when we have used them all, they will run out. They are called non-renewableresources! and we are using them too quickly.

Pollution
Sometimeswe make our resourcesdirty. This is called pollution.S(/e pollute the air when we use fossil fuels to make energy like electricity.\Wepollute water when we put waste into it. People,animals, and plants all need clean air and water.

Can WeDo? What

There are lots of ways we can help.'Wemust keep water clean, and we must not waste it. Some charities are helping people to collect and store water.They are also building new dams, wells, and pumps, so that people can have clean water nearer their homes. We must use non-renewableresourcescarefully, and we must not waste them. Scientistsare mvesugaung ways to use renewable like sun, resources, wind, and water, to make electricity so that we don't need to use so many fossil fuels. \il7ecan also try to use less electricity.

h V|AA7, thefourcountries thatused the most

36-37 for activities. Goto pages

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Scientists thinkthat Earth's climateis changing andthe weather is gettingmoreextreme. Theythinkthat this is happening because Earth is gettingwarmer. Why is this happening, andhowcanwe keepour planetcoot?

TheGreenhouse Effect
llarth getsheat from the sun. Some of the heat escapes into space,but some is trapped by a blanket of gases. This keepsEarth warm enough for us to live here, and it's called the greenhouseeffect becauseit works like a greenhouse.
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Extreme Weather
Scientiststhink that global warming is changing our climate and making the weather more extreme.This is a problem for people, animals, and plants. Hurricanes are getting more dangerous.In 2005, a huge hurricane hit New Orleans in the USA. About 2,000 people died, and most of the city was flooded. There are always There are many rivers in Bangladesh. but the floods are getting floods in the rainy season, worse. Every year, some people die and thousands of people lose their homes.
''J tr4)* ''5(J, In Bangladesh, some

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GlobalWarming
we make a gas called carbon dioxide. Scientiststhink that we are putting too much carbon dioxide into the air. The carbon dioxide increases the greenhouseeffect and Earth gets warmer. This is called global warming. 'When we use fossil fuels

-peopte makefl.oating gardens. Theygrowfood on them,so that they have foodduring the floods.

lrr thc SaharaDesert in Africa, there is not enough nrirr and the desert is getting bigger. Peoplehave left tlrcir homesbecause they can't grow food.The Gobi l)cscrt in China and Mongolia is also getting bigger. I )cscrt sand blows all the way into cities in North l(orca and South Korea.

M elt in g lc e
l,hrth is gctting warmer and the ice is melting at the North and South Poles.As this ice changesto water, tlrt' scu lcvcl is getting higher.This is dangerousfor like Bangladesh, Iow r'orrntrics and for low islands. 'l\rvrrltris u country in the Pacific Ocean and it's made ul gnrrrpsol'islands.Parts of the capital,Funafati, are ttuw ottly l0 ccntimetersabovesealevel.Scientists tlrtrrktltnt thc occanwill soon coverthe land, and llte pcoplc wlro livc thcre will haveto move to other likc Ncw Tcaland orAustralia. ItttUlltt'lcri

WhatCan WeDo?
Scientists are investigating ways of predicting extreme weather so that people can be ready for it. Charities are working with people to build stronger and higher homes.They are also giving people specialradios so that they can hear about extreme weather and move to a saferplace. Our planet has natural ways to reduce carbon dioxide. Oceansand plants use carbon dioxide, so we must protect our oceansand plants. $(/emust try to keep Earth cool by using fewer fossil fuels and producing lesscarbon dioxide.W'eneed electricity, but we can make it without using fossil fuels. Instead, we can use nuclear energy, or natural energy from the sun, wind, or water. 38-39foractivities. ) Goto pages

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Scientists are investigating waysof makingclean electricity that is not madewith fossilfuels.Thisis gtobat important if we want to reduce warmingand pollution. Howis electricity madein yourcountry?

Nuclear Energy
Nuclear power stationsmake electricity without using fossil fuels.They don't put carbon dioxide into the air, but they produce dangerousradioactivewaste.This waste is put underground or under the ocean, where it must stay for thousandsof yearsbefore it's safe. If there's an accident at a nuclear power station, dangerous radioactive waste can get into the air and travel a long way. In 1986 an accident happened in Chernobyl in Ukraine. People died and many more people were sick. About 336,000 people had to move away to new homes. Scientists are working hard to make nuclear power stations safer.

Energy Solar
Another way to make electricity is to use the heat from the sun. Solar power stations only work well in places where it's very sunny all year long. In many countries, people use solar energy from solar panelsto heat water in homes, offices,and swimming pools, and to power watches, calculators, and road signs.

In sunny youcan countries, cookbyusing only heat fromthesun. At[ youneed is sunshine panet! anda solar

Energy Wind
Wind turbines use the energy from the wind to make electricity.'Wecan build wind turbines in isolatedplacesand also in the oceans.They can be useful in colder countries where there is not enough sunshine to use solar energy to make electricity. Germany, for example, makes 6o/o of its electricity in wind farms. All around the world there are more and more wind farms.

Energy trom Water

\il7ecan make electricity by using energy from This is moving water in rivers, lakes,or oceans. called hydroelectricity. The first hydroelectric power station was built in 1882. It was a simple water wheel. It made enough electricity for 250 light bulbs. The biggest hydroelectric power station in the world today is the Three Gorges Dam in China. It can make enough electricity for whole cities!

Energy Geothermal
Geothermal energy comes from the heat that is trapped underground. Hot water and steam from underground can be used to heat buildings, and to make electricity. In Iceland there is lots of hot water underground. Geothermal power stationsmake about 25o/o of Iceland's electricitv.

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Hotwaterfromthe geothermal power Svartsengi station in lcetand is used to ilitffi poo[. fitt anoutdoor lt's enough forswimming.

In 1966, scientistsin France started to make electricity using energy from ocean tides. Then other scientists used energy from waves.Scientists are now investigating better ways of using energy from tides and wavesto make cheap and clean electricity.
I 40-4t for activities. Goto pages

What CanWeDo?
Mostof ustravelto school or to workevery day.Maybe we travelby carto go shopping or to visitfriends, or by ptane to go on vacation. Whyshould we trave[ less?
It's very difficult to stop traveling, but we can think carefully about the way we travel. For short journeys, we can walk or cycle.This is also better than sitting in a car becauseexerciseis good for us.W'ecan share cars or use public transportation for some journeys. \Wecan try to use small cars becausethey use less fuel than big ones. We should also reduce the number of vehicles that we make, becausewe use fossil fuels to power the factories where we make the vehicles. Some people try to fly lessoften, and if they have to fly, they do something called carbon offsetting. They find out how much carbon dioxide their journey will produce.Then they pay to plant enough trees to use all the carbon dioxide that the journey made.

The Problem withTravel

Cars, planes,buses,and ships all put carbon dioxide into the air. This increasesthe greenhouse effect and makes our planet warmer. Vehiclesalso pollute the air with other gases. This makes our cities dirty.

Airports aregetting veryvery

busy. About59,000 internationaI passengers travel through the main airportin NewYorkeveryday.

Cleaner Planes
Engineers are trying to make plane enginesthat don't pollute the air, but it's very difficult. They know that lighter planes with bigger wings use lessfuel. They are designingbetter planes all the time. Some planes can fly using biofuels, but many people think it's wrong to grow plants for planes.They say that we need the land to grow food for people.What do you think? A few planes are alreadypowered by solar energy,but they don't have any spacefor passengers.
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Cleaner Cars
Engineers are investigatinghow to make car engines cleanerso that they won't damage our planet so much. Modern cars have machines called catalytic converters that changeexhaustgasesinto cleanergases. Instead of using gasoline,some cars use electricity and others use a mixture of gasolineand electricity. Some cars use fuels made from plants.These biofuels can be made from nuts, corn, and other plants.There are also a few cars that use electricity made from solar energy.Maybe in the future all cars will be powered in theseways.
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ptane TheZephyr is powered by solar energy. lt's verytightand people. it doesn'tcatry In 2008it ftewwithoutstopping for 83 hours!

Goto pages 42-43for activities.

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Every daywe throwawaywastefrom our homes, schools, Thiswasteis coltected in trucks, andfactories. offices, then someis recycled, andsomeis burned or put Whatdo you do with yourwaste? underground.

produces everyperson In the USA of wasteevery morethan2 kitograms that's day.Sofor the whotecountry metric tons! more than232 miltion

Makes Pollution Waste

Sometimes,people throw waste into rivers, lakes, or the ocean.Human waste and waste from factories also pollute water. More than a billion people in the world do not have clean water to drink. Every day, people die from dirty drinking water. Some people leavewaste on streets,in the This pollutes our planet, countryside, and on beaches. and it's dangerousfor animals if they eat the waste.

Too Much Waste

People throw away too much waste. In some countries, there is not enough spaceto put any more waste underground. Some things that we throw away, like plastic bags,refrigerators,and cars,will stay underground for hundreds of years.

What CanWeDo?
\(/hen we throw things away we must do it carefullY - never throw waste into streets,rivers, or the ocean. W'e can throw away less waste, for example, we can reuse more things before we throw them away. 'We can throw away much less food and garden waste by using a compost bin. In a compost bin, worms and bacteria eat the waste and changeit into good soil called compost.w'e can use compost to help plants to grow better. Another way to reduce waste is to recycle things. Many people alreadyrecycle lots of things' like paper, cans,plastic and glasscontainers,and clothes. \7e can also recycle bigger things like parts of cars. The recycled materials can then be used again to make new things. -u

Too Many Plastic Bags

'Wethrow away more plastic bags than anything else! Plastic bags are a huge problem for our planet. It's difficult to recycle them.You can use a plastic bag for only five minutes, but it can take 500 years ro decompose.Peoplethrow away too many plastic bags and this pollutes our cities, countryside, and oceans. Many fish, birds, and other animals die if they eat a plastic bag, becausethen they can't breathe or eat food. If people have to pay for plastic bags,they will use them less.In 2002, when people in Ireland were askedto pay for plastic bags,the number of bags used reduced by 90% in one year! In many countries today, there are no free plastic bags. Try to use plastic bags lots of times, or use a bag that is made of a natural material instead.

in Japan, In Kamikatsu people to recycle arehoping They by 2020. everything theirwasteinto34 divide typesfor different
) Goto pagesM-45 for activities.
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Mmgfilontu
Withoutplants, we wouldhavenothingto eat.We also useptants to makeclothes, homes, andmedicines. Ptants take carbon dioxidefrom the air,andthey give us oxygen to breathe, too. Ptants are rea[lyimportant!

andDrink Food
Plants give us food like fruit, vegetables,and rice. \Weeat fruit and vegetablesbecausethey contain vitamins that keep us healthy. Cereal crops, like wheat and corn, give us flour to make bread. Many drinks, like tea, coffee, and chocolate come from plants.\7e also use some plants as herbs or spicesto make our food taste good.

Food Chains
All living things are parr of food chains. Plants are at the start of all food chains becauseplants only need sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide from the air to make their food. Animals need to eat plants, or they eat other animals that eat plants. So we all need plants! We useotive treesin manyways. We caneat the fruit, from anduseoil made the fruitfor cooking. TheoiI is alsogood for ourhairandskin.

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Medicines
For thousandsof years,people have used plants as medicines. Many modern medicines are made from chemicalsthat were first found in plants. Many plants that are used for medicines grow in rainforests. For example, the rosy periwinkle from Madagascar contains chemicalsthat can treat two types of cancer.

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Reducing Global Warming

In the daytime, plants take carbon dioxide from the air to make their food. This helps ro reduce global warming. It's one of our planet's natural ways to reduce carbon dioxide.

Plants in Danger
Plants need clean air and water to grow - polluted air and water can damage them. Global warming is also a problem. Some plants cannot grow in their usual place if the temperature gets too high, or if there is extreme weather like floods. \il7eare using too many trees. Big international companies cut down huge numbers of trees for wood to make furniture or paper. Sometimes they cut down trees in rainforests to make spaceto grow crops or to raise cattle, so that they can produce cheap food like palm oil and hamburgers.

WeDo? WhatCan
If we keep our planet clean and use fewer fossil fuels to reduce global warming, we will savemillions of plants. \il7emust also use fewer trees.\7e can use less paper and recycle it. Some charities collect money to buy trees to can pay people to care for trees and keep them safe.\$7e use them in different ways to make money. For example, must stop farmers can sell nuts from their trees.\il(/e companies destroying rainforests to bring us cheap food. \7e can plant new trees.Countries and big companies can also replacethe trees that they use. Finland and Canada already do this. 46*47for activities. ) Goto pages

Pffing Amffimails
Earth is hometo manyamazing animals, fromtiny bacteria that we can'tevensee,to hugewhates. We share our planet with a[[ theseotheranimats. Animats helpus in manydifferent waysandwe mustprotect them.

WeNeed Animals
Many animals, like cows, sheep,and chickens,are raised for food. Farmers raise them to give us meat, cheese,egBS, and milk. In the ocean,there are fish farms where large numbers of fish are raised for food. \7e use animals to give us leather,wool, and feathers.Around the world, animals are also used to help us with work. They carry people and crops, and they help with farm work.

Minibeasts Useful
Insects,like beetles,flies, and ants, help the planet, too. Some insectscarry pollen from flower to flower. Many flowers need pollen from another flower to make seeds.Bees fly from flower to flower to get nectar to make honey. People collect the honey and enjoy eating it! Many insectsare useful becausethey eat waste,and worms help us by making compost and keeping the soil healthy.

in Danger Animals
Every animal has a specialplace to live called its habitat, but people are destroying many of these important habitats.When we cut down the rainforest trees,we destroy the habitat of gorillas and tigers, and hundreds of smaller animals. Global warming is also a problem for animals. For example,if too much ice at the North Pole melts, polar bears will lose their habitat.

Hunters kill some animals for money. Many elephantswere hunted becausepeople could sell their ivory tusks for a lot of money. Now this has stopped, but all around the world, hundreds of different types of animal, from insects to tigers, are disappearingbecauseof lost habirarsor hunting. Pollution is also a huge problem for animals.

Zoos Today
Many wild animals are kept in zoos or animal reserves.If they are rare animals, the last ones can be kept safe there. They can hdve babies and there will be more of them again. Many modern zoos keep animals in places similar to their natural habitat. Sometimes they take the animals back to their natural home when it's safe. Some charities work to saverare animals and their habitats.You can pay to adopt an animal and help to keep it safe.These giant pandas live in a special animal reserve in China. Many people are adopting giant pandas and helping them here.

WhatCan WeDo?
\il7e must protect habitats, and we must keep the countryside clean. Many countries have made special places called national parks or wildlife parks where wild animals can live safe from hunters. In Africa there are also safari parks where tourists from all around the world can come and see the animals in their natural habitat.

48-49for activities. Goto pages

ffieWeyffiorooffid
Mostpeopleunderstand that we mustcarefor our planet. We mustnow learnhow to do it better.Earth is our homeandwe mustprotectit for the future. Whatwill you do to carefor our planet?

New Technology

A Simple Life?
Some people think that modern city life is bad for Earth. \ilfe use too much energy and we make too much waste.They think that we should live in small villages, grow our own food on the land, and not travel far. This life would not damage our planet.

Other people think that we cannot go back to a simpler way of living. They think that new technology can help us to find new, clean ways to travel and make energy. You can see some of this new technology in new types of house design.These new housesdon't use any energy from fossil fuels, but they are still comfortable in very hot or cold weather.They have solar panels in the roof, and they are made of wood from forests where trees are always replaced. Do you think we should live more simply or use new technology?Or should we do both?

WhatCan WeDo?
\7hen we go shopping, we must think carefully about what we buy. Some food that we buy comes from near our homes. Other food comes on planes and ships from far away,and we use fossil fuels to transport it. Some people say we should eat more food that is grown near to our homes. Do we need summer fruit in winter? How much of the food that vou buv was grown near where you live? In our everyday life we can all help the planet in small ways.We can reuse and recycle as much as possibleto reduce waste and pollution. We can turn off lights to saveelectricity, and we can try not to use our cars too can give money to much, to reduce carbon dioxide.\$7e charities that care for the planet. If millions of people do small things, this will make a difference.

It s OurPlanet
Scientiststhink that we don't have much time to reduce global warming. So we have to change the way we live now. The people of Tuvalu and Bangladeshare worried about their future. So are the people near the Saharaand Gobi Deserts. They need everyoneto help. We must all help to care for our planet.
I 50-51 for activities. Goto pages

\7e must not be greedy. For example, no one wants oceanswith no fish in them. \7e can take some fish, but we must not take too many.\Wemust be careful not to use too many of E,arth'snatural resourcestoo quickly.

Using Carefu y Resources

+ pages Read 4-7.

Writefive thingsthat useetectricity andfive thingsthat don't useelectricity. Things electricity: thatuse

1 Writethe words. Then write{if

it'ta renewable resource.

Things thatdon'tuseetectricity:
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coal ptants oil sun water animats

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Answer the questions. 1 What resources naturatly? canreplace themsetves carn Ke,$sr**bi+ fiatairaiiy. ra*ourcss rg"ptnmffi, t$lmfrTl*$tvs* 2 Whyiswater soimportant?
do if thereisn'tenough water? 3 Whatdo peop[e

2 Complete the sentences.

electricity fuels water Reneuabte pollution fresh fossil Kpnsvrabie resources canreplace themselves naturally. to [ive. water to drink. for? 6 Whatdo youuseelectricity for water? 4 Howcanwe care

fuets? 5 Whatis the probtem with fossiI

2 We a[ need 3 People need

gas, 4 Coa[, andoiI are in power stations.

6 When we makeresources dirtythis is catled

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Cool OurPlanet Keeping

3 pages Read 8-11.

Write true or false. 1 There aremanyrivers in Bangtadesh. 2 TheSahara Desert is getting sma[[er. 3 Manypeopte diedin a hurricane in NewOrteans in 2005. 4 Thesea[eve[is gettinglowerbecause of melting ice. 5 Funafati is the capital of Tuvatu. gardens. 6 lt's possibte to growfoodon floating

1 Writethe numbers.

New Zealand

Bang[adesh Sahara Desert China USA Tuvatu

GobiDesert

SouthKorea Austratia

the sentences. 2 Complete fossiI warm fuels effect greenhouse sun carbon gases dioxide
fromthe to Earth 1 Heatcomes of by a blanket 2 Some of the heatis trapped Earth effectkeeps 3 Thegreenhouse for usto livehere. enough whenwe use dioxide carbon 4 We make the increases dioxide 5 Carbon warmer. Earth andthis makes use andplants 6 Ocean

o o D o o o o o o

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4 Order the words. 1 increases / Carbon / dioxide / the/ etfect. / greenhouse

climate. /gtobat / our/ thlnk/ is / Scientists / that/ warming / changing

10 / tevet. / Funafati / only/ Parts / are/ of / centimeters / sea/ above

dioxide. planet/ ways/ / to / has/ Our/ reduce / natural./ carbon

5 Howcanwe keepour planetcool?

Travel Reducing
+ pages 16-19. Read

3 Complete the puzzle. Writethe secret word.

Circlethe correctwords. 1 We canwalk or cyctefor long/ shortjourneys. carsuseless/ morefuelthanbig cars. 2 Smat[ energy that usesotar / cars wantto make 3 Engineers gasoline. gases intocleaner / exhaust change converters 4 Catatytic dirtiergases. fromfossilfuels,/ ptants. aremade 5 Biofuets fuel. wingsusetess with bigger / smaller 6 Planes

2 Completethe chart.
converters cycting ptanes watking big cars catatytic gases offsetting pollution biofuels exhaust carbon Goodfor Earth

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

We canuseetectricity to _ cars. youwitt be_. lf youwash comes fromthe sun. _ energy They have fourwheels andwe usethemfor traveling. These fuelsaremade fromplants. Sotar much space. _ don'thave Thisis the opposite of sma[[. journeys Forshort we canwalkor _. Pottuti on m ak es ourc i ti es _. use carbon dioxide. _

Thesecret wordis:

4 Write abouthowyou travet.

Plants Protectins
mouse fox ptantPlankton wha[e grass fish kitter person sealion rabbit corn lettuce owl cow

3 Match.Thenwrite sentences. ptants grow '*--"\ Manyuseful . We areusing Fish We make flour We atl fromwheatandcorn. \\ in rainforests. needptants. eat plantplankton. too many trees.

pages 24-27. C Read

the 1 Complete foodchains.

a|u

ffi

I
G
{

*tua ,r r r ttrr", 1 M a n v U *g .fu Pta .*l *. l l ttnr r r o \,,,{ 2 3

tr

Write true or false. foodchain. areat the startof every 1 Peopte of a foodchain. is in the middte 2 A rabbit theygive because areimportant 3 Ptants dioxide. uscarbon food to make andsPices We useherbs tastegood. that canbe chemica[s contain Ptants asmedicines. used we wit[ save fuets, fossiI lf we usemore of plants. mi[tions

"+

4 5

Answer the questions. 1 What doplants need to make their food?

2 WhatoiI is good foryourhairandskin?

3 Whydo companies cut downtrees?

ptants? 4 Howcanwe protect

E
+

Animals V) Protecting
pages 28-3L. Read

Complete the puzzte.

people 1 These ki[[some animals for money. ptace 2 ThespeciaI where ananim al l i v es . 3 lf therearen't many of them left,these animals are_. problem Thisis a huge for animals. $ -> giveus_. 5 Bir ds 6 A veryimportant habitat foranima[s . A huge an i m al that livesin the ocean. giveus meatandmitk. They

Writet he anim a t s .
1 lcnc i e h 2 tesif

7 ebe B l yaogll aebr 9 o3rp, 10 lsesbt 11 ehsFe t2 eahwI

3 nat 4 anpbhts 5 anpda 6 cwo Completethe sentences.

Correct the sentences. 1 When wecutdown rainforest wedestroy trees honey.

grows, potar lf the iceat the NorthPole bears witt be in danger.

honey compost farms work animals eggs fish nectar other with many ourptanet 1 We share in of fishareraised numbers 2 Large giveus 3 Chickens get 4 Bees make alsohelpuswith 5 Animals hetpusby making 6 Worms to fromftowers

peop[e 3 Elephants werehunted because coutd setltheirtai[s.

4 Rainforests habitat arethe naturaI of potar bears.

parks. in safari 5 Anima[s arein danger

6
3

ThewayForward
pages Read 32-35.

Correct the sentences. 1 lt'simportant to remember to turnon[ights.

1 Complete the sentences. Problems for our ptanet:

1 We usetoo much 2 We make too much 3We

less reuse food energy electricity transport greedy waste

2 It's badto eatfruitfromyourowncountry.

3 It'sgood to reuse andrecycte things as little as possibte.

foodfromfar away.

4 We cannot hetpthe planet in smalt ways.

Howwe cancarefor our planet:

4 We mustnot betoo 5 We canuse 6 We canbuy 7 We can 8 We cansave energy. fromourowncountry. asmuch as possib[e. Where do you buythe foodthatyoueat? Where doesit comefrom?

Answer the questions. you[iketo livein a cityor in a vittage? 1 Would Why?

Writethe opposites. Findthe page. 1 protect

2 increase 3 oLd 4 near 5 cotd 6 summer

dantacre
3 Whatcanwe do to care for ourplanet?

AnAnimal Poster

@
lights

Diary AnElectricity

youaregoing 1 lmagine to adopt an animal in danger. 2 Writenotes andcomplete the diagram about youranima[.

Write/ ru"rytime you use diary. 1 Keepan electricity by etectricity. something that is powered

lr it S$hy frrr dnngar?

Natunalhatpntmt?
cornputer
telavision

C.Dplalar

Whmt $mmd dss.*[t mmt?

t4mw r.mm Nameof animal:

r**"hm.tp?

Hor-r manl arg le-{irn the,viorld?

Makea poster aboutyouranimal. Writesentences and pictures yourposter. add to decorate yourposter. 4 Disptay

Howcouldyou useless Writeaboutthe results. electricity? yourresutts. Disptay

GIossary ffi:1ilU"#:X"J:: :Tillilli illXhXl'"1fr1,;ff[:::,

enough how muchwe want or need escape to get awayfromsomething not special everyday normal, exercise what we do whenwe moveto stay healthy exhaustgases badair that comesout of the backof a car extreme verystronganddangerous feathers the soft partsthat covera bird'sbody float to stay on the top of water flies) an insect tly @lural forest a placewith a lot of trees fresh cleanand cool fue[ something that we useto produce heator energy furniture tables, chairs, beds, etc. gas it's not a sotidor a liquid;[ikeair gasoline(orpetrot) a liquidthat burns and p o w e rs a n engrne chemistry glass a hardmaterial; you can makebottles in a ctimate the usualtype of weather a n dw i n d ow s w i th i t country greedy wantingmorethanyou need coal otd woodthat you burnto makefire madeof glass for soft greenhousea buitding comfortableniceto be in, for example, growing plants bedsor chairs grow to get bigger that makes company a groupof people heatthy not sick moneyby producing or sellingthings inside huge verybig contain to havesomething countrysidethe tandoutside a town or city human from people hurricanea verystrong wind cover to put something oversomething; to increaseto get bigger, or to make be oversomething something bigger crop a plantthat we growin largeamounts that is built across a river insect a verysmatlanimalwithsix legs dam a structure investigateto find out aboutsomething to catchthe water bador weak island landwith watera[[ around damage to makesomething parts isolated far from other places downinto smatler decompose to break ivory tusks the white teethof elephants something verybadly destroy to damage die ki[[ to makesomething or someone die to stopliving parts lake a big areaof water something intosma[ler divide to break we useit to moveand grow, leather the skin of an anima[; energy we needenergy to makeshoes andjackets and machines needenergy to work that produces energy to tight butb the glasspartof an electric engine a machine Light rou" a vehicle lampthat produces that happens by chance accident something adopt to carefor a childor an animalwhen the parents can'tdo this bacteria verysimptetivingthings beetle an insect blanket a thick coverthat you put on a bed blow to movewith the wind breathe to take in and let out air through yournoseand mouth burn to makeflamesand heat cancer a verydangerous disease capital the mainplacein a country place to another carry to take something to make change to becomedifferent; something different charity (plural charities) a groupof peopte who collectmoney to help people or a n i ma ts chemicaI a sotidor tiquidthat is madeby

main the biggest or mostimportant material something that we useto make otherthi ngs medicine something that you takewhen you aresick,to makeyou better melt to change into a liquid,like water mi ni beasta verysm a[ [ anim al modern of today;not fromthe past natural from nature; not madeby people produced natural]esourcessomething by our planet, that we can use nectar a sweetliquidproduced by ftowers nuctearenergy energy that is madeby breaki ng or j oi ni ng at om s oit a tiquidfrom ptants or animals that we usefor cooking or to makegasotine oxygen a gasthat we needto breathe palm oil a thick liquidfrom palmtrees passengersomeone who travelsin a bus, train,plane, ship,for example ptanet a large, round thing in space that goesaround a star plastic a man-made material pollen the yettowpowder in flowers pollute to make[and,water,or air dirty power to makesomething workor operate power station a buitding whereelectricity i s made predict to saywhatwi[[ happen in the future problem something that isn't easy produce to growor makesomething protect to keepsafefrom danger pubtictransportationvehicles that we can planes, share [ike buses, trains raise to feedandtakecareof animats rare not very many;not very often recycleto useagain; to makesomething new reduce to makesomething sma[[er or less replace to put a newthing backin the placeof an otd one reuse to useagain river wateron landthat goesto the ocean or roadsi gn a thi ngneara r oadwit h wor ds pi ctures on i t to tell youwh, r tlo r kr

run out to haveno moreof something it is finished because sea [eve[ how highthe wateris in the sea or ocean sheep(pluralsheep) an animalthat we raise for wool andmeat ship a big boat similar like someone or something growin soil the ground that ptants solar fromthe sun space an areawhere thereis nothing; where the moonandstars are special different fromwhat is normal steam the hot gasthat watermakes when it boits store to keepsomething to uselater technology the design of new things temperature how hot or cotdsomething is tide the movement of the ocean toward landandawayfrom land tiny verysmall transport to takesomething or someone from one olaceto another in a vehicte trap to keepsomething in a ptace whereit can'tescape treat to makea sickperson we[[ again useful that helpssomeone to do something goods vehicle something that transports or people vitlage a groupof houses together in the countryside; it's smatler thana town vitamin something in foodthat makes us heatthy; they arecalted A, B, C, etc. waste to usesomething morethanyou haveto; thingsthat we throwaway water wheel a wheel that turns in moving waterto makeenergy wave a [ineof waterthat moves across the top of the ocean wing birdsand planes havewingsto help them to fly without not having not doing something; sonr ct hing wool t lr c soll.t hi<: h. of slr ur . lr k r ir wor m , r lonr l. llr ir r , r r r ir r wr r,rl llrr r olr , r t s

dl

Editor: . CLIL Series Hazel Geatches Adviser: John Clegg graded OxfordReadand Discover readers areat fourlevels, from 3 to 6, suitabte for students fromage8 andotder. They many cover topics withinthreesubject areas, andcansupport English across the (CLIL). curriculum, or Content andLanguage Integrated Learning Avai[ab]e for each reader: . Audio ( bo C DP a c k o k & audio CD) . Activity Book go to For Teacher's Notes & CLIL Guidance p.c www.ou om/ elt/ teacher/reada nddiscover
1 Subiec tTheWortdof Science \rea & Technology Level \
HowWe Make Products Sound andMusic 600 SuoerStructures headwords YourFiveSenses

The Natural Wortd

Amazing Minibeasts Animats in the Air Life in Rainforests Wonderful Water . Al[ About DesertLife . Al[ AboutOceanLife at Night " Animals * Incredible Earth . All Aboutlslands ' Animal LifeCycles " Exploring OurWorld Migrations ' Great . . . .

TheWortd of Arts & Social Studies

Festivals Around the Worl.d FreeTimeAround the World in Art " Animals . Wonders of the Past

t t . 750 headwords.

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@

All About Plants Howto StayHeatthy Machines Thenand Now Why We Recycle

Materiats to Products Medicine Thenand Now Transportation Then 900 headwords and Now Witd Weather . . . 1,050 headwords.

HomesAround the World OurWorld in Art

Cetlsand Microbes Clothes Thenand Now Incredibte Energy YourAmazingBody

. HelpingAround Al[ AboutSpace the Wortd Caringfor Our Planet . FoodAround Earth Thenand Now the Wortd WonderfulEcosystems

Foryounger students, DotphinReaders Levels Starter, t, and2 areavaitabte.

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