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Research Article

Functional brain connectivity at rest changes after working memory training


1. 2. 3. 4. Dietsje D. Jolles1,2,3,* , Mark A. van Buchem1,3 , Eveline A. Crone1,2 , Serge A.R.B. Rombouts1,2,3

Article first published online: 11 NOV 2011 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.21444 Copyright 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Issue

Human Brain Mapping


Volume 34, Issue 2, (/doi/10.1002/hbm.v34.2/issuetoc) pages 396406, February 2013 Additional Information How to Cite Jolles, D. D., van Buchem, M. A., Crone, E. A. and Rombouts, S. A.R.B. (2013), Functional brain connectivity at rest changes after working memory training. Hum. Brain Mapp., 34: 396406. doi: 10.1002/hbm.21444 Author Information Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
1 2 3

Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands

Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands

Email: Dietsje D. Jolles (d.d.jolles@lumc.nl)


* Department of Radiology,

Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The

Netherlands Publication History 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Issue published online: 4 JAN 2013 Article first published online: 11 NOV 2011 Manuscript Accepted: 27 JUL 2011 Manuscript Revised: 27 JUN 2011 Manuscript Received: 24 FEB 2011

Funded by S.A.R.B.R. and E.A.C are supported by grants from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO, VIDI). Grant Numbers: 91786368, 45207011 Gratama stichting and Leids Universiteits Fonds (granted to E.A.C.) Abstract Article (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/full) References (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/references) Supporting Information (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/suppinfo) Cited By (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/citedby) View Full Article with Supporting Information (HTML) (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/full) Get PDF (357K) (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/pdf)

Keywords:
resting state; functional connectivity; fMRI; practice; plasticity; development

Abstract
Networks of functional connectivity are highly consistent across participants, suggesting that functional connectivity is for a large part predetermined. However, several studies have shown that functional connectivity may change depending on instructions or previous experience. In the present study, we investigated whether 6 weeks of practice with a working memory task changes functional connectivity during a resting period preceding the task. We focused on two task-relevant networks, the frontoparietal network and the default network, using seed regions in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), respectively. After practice, young adults showed increased functional connectivity between the right MFG and other regions of the frontoparietal network, including bilateral superior frontal gyrus, paracingulate gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, they showed reduced functional connectivity between the medial PFC and right posterior middle temporal gyrus. Moreover, a regression with performance changes revealed a positive relation between performance increases and changes of frontoparietal connectivity, and a negative relation between performance increases and changes of default network connectivity. Next, to study whether experience-dependent effects

would be different during development, we also examined practice effects in a pilot sample of 12-year-old children. No practice effects were found in this group, suggesting that practice-related changes of functional connectivity are age-dependent. Nevertheless, future studies with larger samples are necessary to confirm this hypothesis. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. View Full Article with Supporting Information (HTML) (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/full) Get PDF (357K) (/doi/10.1002/hbm.21444/pdf)

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