Bhagavad Gita

By

Sri Swami Sivananda

A DIVINE LIFE SOCIETY PUBLICATION

World Wide Web (WWW) Edition : 2000 WWW site: http://www.dlshq.org/ This WWW reprint is for free distribution

The Divine Life Tr st !o"iet#

Published T$E D%&%'E L%(E ,.). !hiv-n-nd-n-g-r.2/0 Distt. Tehri23-rhw-l4 5tt-r $i6-l-#-s4 %ndi-.

By !)*%ET+ 102 ,r-desh4

Dedicated to Bhagava n Vyasa and Lord Krishna Avatara of Lord Hari FluteBearer of Brindava n oy of Deva!i Beloved

of "adha "edee#e r of the Fallen Friend of Ar$una The La!!shya of Devotees

Content

, blishers7 'ote (oreword ,ref-"e %ntrod "tion ,r-#er to &#-s,r-#er to the 3 r ,r-#er to Lord 8rishn3it- 9-h-t6#3it- Dh#-n-6

1. The +og- of the Desponden"# of :r; n2. !-n<h#- +og=. The +og- of :"tion /. The +og- of Wisdo6 >. The +og- of ?en n"i-tion of :"tion @. The +og- of 9edit-tion A. The +og- of Wisdo6 -nd ?e-lis-tion B. The +og- of the %6perish-ble Cr-h6-n 0. The +og- of the 8ingl# !"ien"e D the 8ingl# !e"ret 10. The +og- of the Divine 3lories 11. The +og- of the &ision of the *os6i" (or6 12. The +og- of Devotion 1=. The +og- of Distin"tion Cetween The (ield D the 8nower of the (ield 1/. The +og- of the Division of the Three 3 n-s 1>. The +og- of the ! pre6e !pirit 1@. The +og- of the Division Cetween the Divine -nd the De6oni-"-l 1A. The +og- of the Division of the Threefold (-ith 1B. The +og- of Liber-tion b# ?en n"i-tion

P!"#i her $ Note

The Bhagavad Gita is one of the world2s"ript res tod-#. %t g ides the lives of people -ll over the world. 9-h-t6- 3-ndhi reg-rded it -s the E9otherF4 to who6 the "hildren (h 6-nit#) t rned when in distress. !ri !w-6i !iv-n-nd- w-nts s to st d# d-il# -t le-st one dis"o rse of the s"ript re4 so th-t its gre-t lessons -re ever fresh in o r 6e6or#. E-"h dis"o rse h-s been pre"eded b# - short s 66-r# giving the s bst-n"e of th-t dis"o rse in - n tshell. We -re eGtre6el# gr-tef l to !ri !w-6i *hid-n-nd-4 the World2,resident of the Divine Life !o"iet#4 for his Foreword -nd -ssist-n"e in the prep-r-tion of so6e of the s 66-ries. Divine !hiv-n-nd-n-g-r ?ishi<esh4 5.,. Life !o"iet#

Foreword
The 6odern 6-n in this present de"-de of the se"ond h-lf of the 20th "ent r# is gre-tl# in need of -n effe"tive g ide to light. $e is groping. $e sees onl# proble6s ever#where -nd no sol tions -re to be fo nd -n#where. $e does not <now whi"h w-# to t rn4 wh-t "o rse to -dopt -nd how to 6ove tow-rds - better st-te of things. Therefore4 his life is filled with restlessness4 nh-ppiness -nd "o6pli"-tion. The Bhagavad Gita "ont-ins words of wisdo6 -nd pr-"ti"-l te-"hings th-t "ont-in the -nswers to the -bove26entioned "ondition of the present2d-# individ -l. The Bhagavad Gita is - 6ess-ge -ddressed to e-"h -nd ever# h 6-n individ -l to help hi6 or her to solve the veGing proble6 of over"o6ing the present -nd progressing tow-rds - bright f t re. This hol# s"ript re is not ; st -n Eold s"ript reF4 nor is it ; st - boo< of Ereligio s te-"hingsF4 nor even - $ind hol# boo<. %t tr-ns"ends the bo nds of -n# p-rti" l-r religion or r-"e4 -nd is -"t -ll# divine wisdo6 -ddressed to 6-n<ind for -ll ti6es4 in order to help h 6-n beings f-"e -nd solve the ever2present proble6s of birth -nd de-th4 of p-in4 s ffering4 fe-r4 bond-ge4 love -nd h-te. %t en-bles 6-n to liber-te hi6self fro6 -ll li6iting f-"tors -nd re-"h - st-te of perfe"t b-l-n"e4 inner st-bilit# -nd 6ent-l pe-"e4 "o6plete freedo6 fro6 grief4 fe-r -nd -nGiet#. Within its eighteen "h-pters is reve-led - h 6-n dr-6-. This is the eGperien"e of ever#one in this world4 the dr-6- of the -s"ent of 6-n fro6 - st-te of tter de;e"tion4 sorrow -nd tot-l bre-<down -nd hopelessness to - st-te of perfe"t nderst-nding4 "l-rit#4 renewed strength -nd tri 6ph. E-"h dis"o rse holds for #o -n inv-l -ble new lesson -nd i6p-rts - new nderst-nding of #o rself in - 6-rvello s w-#. The 6#ster# of 6-n4 this world -nd 3od4 is eGpl-ined -s perh-ps nowhere else. The wor<ings of #o r 6ind.the re-l proble6 to #o r welf-re -nd h-ppiness.how to over"o6e it4 wh-t the p-th to blessedness is4 -s -lso the p-th to perdition4 the se"ret of self26-ster# -nd the w-# to pe-"e -6idst #o r d-il# -"tivities -nd d ties.-ll these -nd 6ore #o will find in this gre-t tre-s re. %t is #o rs b# whi"h to enri"h #o r life.

To the Western re-der % wo ld s ggest th-t he "-ref ll# re-ds thro gh the entire boo< on"e. Then he sho ld "o66en"e it - se"ond ti6e. 5pon the se"ond re-ding he sho ld -dopt the 6ethod of sele"tivit#4 not in re-ding b t in wh-t he t-<es fro6 it. ! "h things -s see6 to be p-rti" l-rl# $ind -nd therefore4 perh-ps4 not -""ept-ble to hi6 -s - person of -nother f-ith4 he "-n ; st p-ss b# witho t being pert rbed. C t ever#thing else th-t is of - p rel# philosophi"-l4 ps#"hologi"-l4 ethi"-l -nd ps#"hi"-l n-t re4.-ll these he "-n gr-sp -nd -ssi6il-te f ll#. $e will be wonderf ll# enri"hed -nd s pre6el# blessed. $is life will be"o6e new fro6 th-t 6o6ent. :ll "lo ds will v-nish. Light will fill the he-rt -nd 6ind. % -ss re hi6 of this. This is the Gita. % "o66end this wonderf l gift of 3od nto ever# 6-n -nd wo6-n4 tow-rds his or her s pre6e blessedness -nd highest welf-re. Swami 10th July, 19 ! "Guru Purnima# Chidananda

Pre%a&e
The Srimad Bhagavad Gita is - di-log e between Lord 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 n-rr-ted in the Chish6- ,-rv- of the $ahabharata. %t "o6prises eighteen dis"o rses of - tot-l of A01 !-ns<rit verses. : "onsider-ble vol 6e of 6-teri-l h-s been "o6pressed within these verses. )n the b-ttlefield of 8 r <shetr-4 !ri 8rishn-4 d ring the "o rse of $is 6ost instr "tive -nd interesting t-l< with :r; n-4 reve-led profo nd4 s bli6e -nd so l2stirring spirit -l tr ths4 -nd eGpo nded the r-re se"rets of +og-4 &ed-nt-4 Ch-<ti -nd 8-r6-. :ll the te-"hings of Lord 8rishn- were s bseq entl# re"orded -s the Song Celestial or Srimad Bhagavad Gita b# Ch-g-v-n &#-s- for the benefit of h 6-nit# -t l-rge. The world is nder - gre-t debt of gr-tit de to Ch-g-v-n &#-s- who presented this Song Celestial to h 6-nit# for the g id-n"e of their d-il# "ond "t of life4 spirit -l plift6ent -nd !elf2re-lis-tion. Those who -re self2"ontrolled -nd who -re endowed with f-ith "-n re-p the f ll benefit of the Gita, whi"h is the s"ien"e of the !o l. The %ita 'a(anti )"irthdate o% the %ita& i &e#e"rated thro!gho!t India "( the admirer and #over o% thi !ni*!e "oo+ on the ,,th da( )E+ada hi- o% the "right ha#% o% the month o% .arga ir ha a&&ording to the /ind! a#mana&0 It wa the da( on whi&h the &ri1t!re wa revea#ed to the wor#d "( San2a(a0 %n -ll the spirit -l liter-t re of the world there is no boo< so elev-ting -nd inspiring -s the Gita. %t eGpo nds ver# l "idl# the "-rdin-l prin"iples or the f nd-6ent-ls of the $ind religion -nd $ind Dh-r6-. %t is the so r"e of -ll wisdo6. %t is #o r gre-t g ide. %t is #o r s pre6e te-"her. %t is -n ineGh- stible spirit -l tre-s re. %t is fo nt-in of bliss. %t is -n o"e-n of <nowledge. %t is f ll of divine splendo r -nd gr-nde r. The %ita i the &ream o% the Vedas' It i the e en&e o% the o!#3e#evating (panishads' %t is - nivers-l s"ript re -ppli"-ble to people of -ll te6per-6ents -nd for -ll ti6es. %t is - wonderf l boo< with s bli6e tho ghts -nd pr-"ti"-l instr "tions on +og-4 devotion4 &ed-nt- -nd -"tion. %t is - 6-rvello s boo<4 profo nd in tho ght

-nd s bli6e in heights of vision. %t brings pe-"e -nd sol-"e to so ls th-t -re -ffli"ted b# the three fires of 6ort-l eGisten"e4 n-6el#4 -ffli"tions "- sed b# one7s own bod#4 those "- sed b# beings -ro nd one4 -nd those "- sed b# the gods. The Gita "ont-ins the divine ne"t-r. %t is the wish2f lfilling ge64 tree -nd "ow. +o "-n 6il< -n#thing fro6 it. %t is - boo< for eternit#. %t is not - "-t"h2penn# boo<4 with life li<e th-t of - 6 shroo6. %t "-n be one7s "onst-nt "o6p-nion of life. %t is - vade% me&um for -ll. ,e-"e4 bliss4 wisdo64 Cr-h6-n4 'irv-n-4 ,-r-6 ,-d-6 -nd Gita -re -ll s#non#6o s ter6s. The Gita is - bo ndless o"e-n of ne"t-r. %t is the i66ort-l "elesti-l fr it of the 5p-nish-di" tree. %n this niq e boo< #o will find -n nbi-sed eGposition of the philosoph# of -"tion4 devotion -nd <nowledge4 together with - wonderf ll# woven s#nthesis of these three. The Gita is - r-re -nd splendid flower th-t w-fts its sweet -ro6- thro gho t the world. %f -ll the '(anishads sho ld represent "ows4 !ri 8rishn- is their 6il<er. :r; n- is the "-lf who first t-sted th-t 6il< of wisdo6 of the !elf4 6il<ed b# the divine *owherd for the benefit of -ll h 6-nit#. This 6il< is the Bhagavad Gita. %t solves not onl# :r; n-7s proble6s -nd do bts4 b t -lso the world7s proble6s -nd those of ever# individ -l. 3lor# to 8rishn-4 the friend of the "owherds of 3o< l-4 the ;o# of Dev-<iH $e who drin<s the ne"t-r of the Gita thro gh p rifi"-tion of the he-rt -nd reg l-r 6edit-tion4 -tt-ins i66ort-lit#4 etern-l bliss4 everl-sting pe-"e -nd perenni-l ;o#. There is nothing 6ore to be -tt-ined be#ond this. I st -s the d-r< nf-tho6ed depths of the o"e-n "ont-in 6ost pre"io s pe-rls4 so -lso the Bhagavad Gita "ont-ins spirit -l ge6s of in"-l" l-ble v-l e. +o will h-ve to dive deep into its depths with - sin"ere -ttit de of reveren"e -nd f-ith. )nl# then will #o be -ble to "olle"t its spirit -l pe-rls -nd "o6prehend its infinitel# profo nd -nd s btle te-"hings. The Bhagavad %ita i a !ni*!e "oo+ %or a## age 0 It i one o% the mo t a!thoritative "oo+ o% the /ind! re#igion0 It i the immorta# ong o% the So!#4 whi&h "e 1ea+ o% the g#or( o% #i%e0 The in tr!&tion given "( Sri 5ri hna are %or the who#e wor#d0 It i a tandard "oo+ on Yoga %or a## man+ind0 The #ang!age i a im1#e a &o!#d "e0 Even a man who ha an e#ementar( +now#edge o% San +rit &an go thro!gh the "oo+0 There -re n 6ero s "o66ent-ries on the Gita -t the present ti6e. : vol 6e "-n be written on e-"h verse. : b s# 6-n with -n -"tive te6per-6ent will be gre-tl# benefited b# the "o66ent-r# of !ri 3-ng-dh-r Lo<-6-n#- Til-<4 entitled Gita )ahasya. : 6-n of devotion-l te6per-6ent will be -ttr-"ted b# !ri !ridh-r-7s "o66ent-r#4 -nd - 6-n of re-son b# th-t of !ri !h-n<-r-. The %ita i #i+e an o&ean0 Sri Shan+ara4 Sri 6aman!2a and Sri .adhava dived into it and gave a&&o!nt o% their inter1retation and e ta"#i hed their own 1hi#o o1h(0 :n#one "-n do the s-6e -nd bring o t the 6ost pre"io s pe-rls of divine <nowledge -nd give their own interpret-tion. 3lor# to the Gita* 3lor# to the Lord of the Gita*

>

The te-"hings of the Gita -re bro-d4 nivers-l -nd s bli6e. The# do not belong to -n# " lt4 se"t4 "reed4 -ge or "o ntr#. The# -re 6e-nt for the people of the whole world. C-sed on the so l2elev-ting '(anishads.the -n"ient wisdo6 of seers -nd s-ints. the Gita pres"ribes 6ethods whi"h -re within the re-"h of -ll. %t h-s - 6ess-ge of sol-"e4 freedo64 s-lv-tion4 perfe"tion -nd pe-"e for -ll h 6-n beings. This s-"red s"ript re is li<e the gre-t 9-n-s-rov-r l-<e for 6on<s4 ren n"i-tes -nd thirsting -spir-nts to sport in. %t is the o"e-n of bliss in whi"h see<ers of Tr th swi6 with ;o# -nd e"st-s#. %f the philosopher7s stone to "hes - pie"e of iron even -t one point4 the whole of it is tr-nsfor6ed into gold 0 Even o4 i% (o! #ive in the 1irit o% even one ver e o% the %ita) (o! wi## do!"t#e "e tran m!ted into divinit(0 A## (o!r mi erie wi## &ome to an end and (o! wi## attain the highe t goa# o% #i%e7 immorta#it( and eterna# 1ea&e0 The t!d( o% the %ita a#one i !%%i&ient %or dai#( Swadh(a(a ) &ri1t!ra# t!d(-0 Yo! wi## %ind here a o#!tion %or a## (o!r do!"t 0 The more (o! t!d( it with devotion and %aith4 the more (o! wi## a&*!ire dee1er +now#edge4 1enetrative in ight and &#ear4 right thin+ing0 The Bhagavad Gita is - gospel for the whole world. %t is 6e-nt for the gener-lit# of 6-n<ind. %t w-s given over five tho s-nd #e-rs -go b# Lord 8rishn- to :r; n-. 'one b t the Lord $i6self "-n bring o t s "h - 6-rvello s -nd npre"edented boo< whi"h gives pe-"e to its re-ders4 whi"h helps -nd g ides the6 in the -tt-in6ent of s pre6e bliss4 -nd whi"h h-s s rvived p to the present ti6e. This itself proves "le-rl# th-t 3od eGists4 th-t $e is -n e6bodi6ent of <nowledge4 -nd th-t one "-n -tt-in perfe"tion or liber-tion onl# b# re-lising 3od. The wor#d i one h!ge "att#e%ie#d0 The rea# 5!r!+ hetra i within (o!0 The "att#e o% the .aha"harata i ti## raging within0 Ignoran&e i Dhritara htra8 the individ!a# o!# i Ar2!na8 the indwe##er o% (o!r heart i Lord 5ri hna4 the &harioteer8 the "od( i the &hariot8 the en e are the %ive hor e 8 mind4 egoi m4 menta# im1re ion 4 en e 4 &raving 4 #i+e and di #i+e 4 #! t4 2ea#o! (4 greed4 1ride and h(1o&ri ( are (o!r dire enemie 0

G!ide For St!d(

:s the Gita "ont-ins s btle -nd profo nd te-"hings4 #o sho ld st d# it nder q -lified te-"her4 one who is est-blished in the :bsol te. On#( when t!died with great and inten e %aith4 ing#e3minded devotion and 1!rit(4 wi## the tr!th &ontained therein "e revea#ed !nto (o! #i+e a %r!it on the 1a#m o% (o!r hand0 Good &ommentarie written "( rea#i ed age wi## a# o "e o% immen e he#1 to (o!0 9or#d#(3minded individ!a# 4 however inte##e&t!a# the( ma( "e4 &annot gra 1 the e entia# tea&hing o% the %ita0 The( enter into !nne&e ar( di &! ion and ! e#e de"ate 0 The( &avi# and &ar1 at the tea&hing . ! "h ignor-nt people s-#: EThere is no inti6-te "onne"tion between the verses. The# -re thrown in - disorderl# 6-nner. There is - gre-t de-l of repetition.F I% the( t!d( the "oo+ with reveren&e and %aith !nder a *!a#i%ied tea&her a## their do!"t wo!#d vani h0 The( wi## @

rea#i e that there i a &#o e &onne&tion "etween the ver e in a## the &ha1ter 0 6e1etition in the %ita and the (panishads are ! e%!# re1etition 0 The( are "e t &a#&!#ated to &reate a dee1 and inde#i"#e im1re ion in the mind o% the a 1irant0 Lord 8rishn- spe-<s fro6 different levels of "ons"io sness. %n the Gita the word E:v#-<t-6F so6eti6es refers to pri6ordi-l '-t re -nd so6eti6es to the :bsol te ,-r- Cr-h6-n -lso. Therefore4 the help of - te-"her is ne"ess-r# if #o wish to <now the right signifi"-n"e of the verses. %n the +atho(anishad the ter6 Ebri"<F is sed to denote the gods. %n the $-th- +ogi" teGts it is st-ted: E:t the ; n"tion of the rivers +-6 n- -nd 3-ng- there is - #o ng virginF. The esoteri" 6e-ning of this is th-t there is the ! sh 6n- '-di between the %d- -nd the ,ing-l-. !o4 witho t the help of - 3 r 4 #o will not be -ble to nderst-nd the proper 6e-ning of the verses of the Gita. +o will be li<e the 6-n who bro ght horse to one who -s<ed for saindava while t-<ing food. The word saindava 6e-ns s-lt -s well -s horseH

/armon( in the Gita

.an i a &om1o ite o% three %!ndamenta# %a&tor 4 name#(4 wi##4 %ee#ing and &ognition0 There -re three <inds of te6per-6ent.the -"tive4 the e6otion-l -nd the r-tion-l. Even so4 there -re three +og-s.In-n- +og- for - person of enq ir# -nd r-tion-l te6per-6ent4 Ch-<ti +og- for the e6otion-l te6per-6ent4 -nd 8-r6- +ogfor - person of -"tion. )ne +og- is -s effi"-"io s -s the other. The Bhagavad Gita for6 l-tes the theories of the three p-ths witho t "re-ting -n# "onfli"t -6ong the6. %t h-r6onises 6ost wonderf ll# the philosoph# of -"tion4 devotion -nd <nowledge. A## three m! t "e harmonio! #( "#ended i% (o! wi h to attain 1er%e&tion. +o sho ld h-ve the he-d of !ri !h-n<-r-4 the he-rt of Lord C ddh- -nd the h-nd of 8ing I-n-<-. The three horses of this bod#2"h-riot.-"tion4 e6otion -nd intelle"t.sho ld wor< in perfe"t h-r6on#. )nl# then will it 6ove s6oothl# -nd re-"h the destin-tion s-fel# -nd q i"<l#. )nl# then "-n #o re;oi"e in the !elf4 sing the song of !oh-64 be in t ne with the %nfinite4 he-r the so ndless voi"e of the !o l -nd en;o# the sweet 6 si" of the etern-l !elf. The "entr-l te-"hing of the Gita is the -tt-in6ent of the fin-l be-tit de of life. perfe"tion or etern-l freedo6. This 6-# be -"hieved b# doing one7s pres"ribed d ties of life. Lord 8rishn- s-#s to :r; n-: E There%ore4 witho!t atta&hment4 &on tant#( 1er%orm a&tion whi&h i d!t(4 %or4 "( 1er%orming a&tion witho!t atta&hment4 man veri#( rea&he the S!1reme:0 The %ita i divided into three e&tion 4 i##! trative o% the three term o% the .ahava+(a o% the *a#a Veda7;Tat Twam A i7That Tho! Art:0 In a&&ordan&e with thi view4 the %ir t i< di &o!r e dea# with the 1ath o% a&tion or 5arma Yoga4 that i 4 the nat!re o% ;Tho!:0 It i &a##ed the Twam31ada . The ne<t i< di &o!r e e<1#ain the 1ath o% devotion4 the nat!re o% ;That:0 Thi i &a##ed the Tat31ada0 The &on&#!ding i< di &o!r e treat o% the 1ath o% +now#edge4 the nat!re o% the midd#e term ;Art:0 /en&e4 it i &a##ed the A i31ada4 whi&h e ta"#i he the identit( o% the individ!a# o!# with the S!1reme So!#0

The eighteen dis"o rses -re not woven in - dis"ord-nt 6-nner. E-"h one is inti6-tel# or vit-ll# "onne"ted with its pre"edent. Ar2!na "e&ame ver( de 1ondent0 Lord 5ri hna$ o1ening remar+ in the e&ond di &o!r e4 whi&h "e 1ea+ o% the immorta#it( o% the o!#4 o1en hi e(e and give him trength and &o!rage0 Ar2!na then #earn the te&hni*!e o% 5arma Yoga and ren!n&iation o% the %r!it o% a&tion 0 /e #earn the method o% &ontro##ing the en e and the mind and 1ra&ti ing &on&entration and meditation0 Thi i %o##owed "( a de &ri1tion o% the vario! mani%e tation o% the Lord in order to 1re1are him %or the vi ion o% the Co mi& Form0 Ar2!na e<1erien&e the magni%i&ent Co mi& Vi ion and !nder tand the g#orio! nat!re o% a #i"erated "eing0 /e i then given +now#edge o% the Fie#d and the 5nower o% the Fie#d4 the three G!na and the P!r! hottama0 /i +now#edge i &om1#eted "( an e<1#anation o% the divine attri"!te 4 the three +ind o% %aith and the e en&e o% the Yoga o% ren!n&iation0 I st -s - st dent is "o-"hed in - niversit#4 :r; n- is "o-"hed b# 8rishn- for the -tt-in6ent of <nowledge of the !elf in the spirit -l niversit#. :r; n- h-d v-rio s <inds of do btsJ Lord 8rishn- "le-red the6 one b# one. $e p shed :r; n- p the l-dder of +og- fro6 one r ng to the neGt. Event -ll#4 :r; n- pl-"ed his foot on the highest r ng4 -tt-ined the s pre6e <nowledge of the !elf -nd eG"l-i6ed in ;o#: E) 6# LordH 6# del sion h-s been destro#ed. % h-ve -tt-ined <nowledge thro gh Th# 3r-"e. % -6 fir6. :ll 6# do bts h-ve now v-nished in toto. % will -"t -""ording to Th# wordF. +o "-n be"o6e - liber-ted s-ge b# -nnihil-ting the ego -nd the " rrents of li<es -nd disli<esJ b# -nnihil-ting desires -nd "r-vings -nd destro#ing their resid -l poten"ies. Th s4 #o "-n rest in #o r tr e essenti-l n-t re -s EGisten"e28nowledge2Cliss :bsol te -nd still be -"tive in the -ff-irs of the world. 'ow #o will not be bo nd b# #o r -"tions sin"e the ide- of doership h-s been destro#ed b# the -tt-in6ent of <nowledge of the !elf. This is the <e#note of the Gita.

The Two 9a(

The eer o% the (panishads em1hati&a##( de&#are that the rea# man i the a##3 1ervading4 immorta# So!# whi&h i the !" trat!m o% thi "od(4 mind and wor#d4

whi&h i "ehind the %ive heath 4 name#(4 the %ood4 vita#4 menta#4 inte##e&t!a# and "#i heath 0 The go-l of life is to dire"tl# "ognise or re-lise this self2l 6ino s !elf whi"h is hidden in this bod# -s fire is hidden in wood or -s b tter in 6il<. This !elf is the inner r ler4 the nseen governor or hidden proprietor of this ho se4 the bod#. ?e-l religion is the -tt-in6ent of this tr-ns"endent-l4 s pre6e4 nd#ing4 nde"-#ing Essen"e thro gh "onst-nt -nd intense 6edit-tion. ?e-l life is life in the etern-l !o l. Tr e life is identifi"-tion with this ! pre6e !o l4 whi"h eGists in the p-st4 present -nd f t re4 whi"h h-s neither - beginning4 6iddle nor end4 whi"h h-s neither p-rts nor li6bs4 whi"h is neither s btle nor gross. The age o% an&ient time attained thi m( terio! and mo t marve##o! tate thro!gh the e(e o% int!ition or the divine third e(e0 The( then e<1#ained the thing o% thi wor#d in the #ight o% their int!itive +now#edge o% the Se#% . Thi i the dire&t method o% Se#%3rea#i ation0 Yo! &an a &end the !mmit o% the hi## o% +now#edge thro!gh &ien&e4 art4 Nat!re4 m! i&4 et&0 Thi i the indire&t method0 (ro6 the effe"t #o go to the "- se -nd lti6-tel# re-"h the "- seless *- se or ,-r- Cr-h6-n4 the Tr th whi"h is tr-ns"endent-l. ) r Western s"ientists will grope in tter d-r<ness if their p rpose is onl# to invent so6e things for o r ph#si"-l "onvenien"e. The goa# o% &ien&e i to di &over the one !#timate Tr!th whi&h i the !" trat!m o% the atom 4 mo#e&!#e 4 e#e&tron 4 energ(4 motion and a## 1h( i&a# and menta# 1henomena and #aw o% Nat!re "( mean o% en*!ir(4 o" ervation4 ana#( i 4 inve tigation and t!d( o% the e #aw in o1eration0 A Vedantin i the rea# &ienti t0 On#( hi mode o% a11roa&h to the Tr!th i di%%erent0 The s"ientist who in the p-st pro"l-i6ed th-t there w-s nothing be#ond this world now pro"l-i6s: EThe 6ore % <now of pheno6en-4 the 6ore % -6 p KKled. %ntelle"t is finite -nd "old. Cehind these "h-nging pheno6en- there is the n"h-nging no 6enon. Cehind the d#n-6i" rot-ting ele"trons4 there is the st-ti"4 6otionless so6ething4 or so6ething be#ond the intelle"t -nd the worldF.

=>?@ABCDEF 6e&on&i#iation o% the Path

%n the ,ishnu Purana, Ch-g-v-n &ishn is highl# e logised -nd - se"ond-r# pl-"e is given to Lord !hiv-. %n the Shiva Purana, Lord !hiv- is i66ensel# pr-ised whilst Lord &ishn is se"ond-r#. %n the -evi Bhagavatam, the Divine 9other is given pro6inen"e -bove Lord !hiv- -nd Lord &ishn . :ll this is done in order to "re-te in the -spir-nt intense -nd nswerving f-ith in his f-vo rite Deit#. :ll Deities -re oneJ the# -re different -spe"ts of the Lord. %t is si6pl# -bs rd to believe th-t !hiv- is inferior to &ishn 4 or vi&e versa. %n the s-6e 6-nner4 in one pl-"e in the Gita, Lord 8rishn- pr-ises 8-r6- +og-: EThe +og- of -"tion is s perior to the ren n"i-tion of -"tionF.&.2. %n -nother pl-"e $e pr-ises ?-;- +og-: EThe +ogi is tho ght to be s perior to the -s"eti"s -nd even s perior to 6en of <nowledgeJ he is -lso s perior to 6en of -"tion. Therefore4 be tho - +ogi4 ) :r; n-HF.&%./@. %n #et -nother pl-"e Lord 8rishn- pr-ises the p-th of 0

Ch-<ti +og-: EThe highest , r sh-4 ) :r; n-4 is -tt-in-ble b# nswerving devotion to $i6 -lone within who6 -ll beings dwell -nd b# who6 -ll this is perv-dedHF. &%%%.22. %n one pl-"e $e pr-ises In-n- +og-: E'oble indeed -re -ll theseJ b t % dee6 the wise 6-n -s 9# ver# !elfJ for4 ste-df-st in 6ind4 he is est-blished in 9e -lone -s the s pre6e go-lF.&%%.1B. : beginner is "onf sed when he "o6es -"ross these see6ingl# "ontr-di"tor# verses. C t4 if #o thin< deepl#4 there is no roo6 for -n# "onf sion. 8rishn- pr-ises e-"h +og- in order to "re-te interest in the -spir-nt in his p-rti" l-r p-th. The Gita is boo< for the people of the world -t l-rge. %t w-s not 6e-nt for :r; n- -lone. E-"h +og- is -s effi"-"io s -s the other.

E en&e o% the Gita

The %ita again and again em1ha i e that one ho!#d &!#tivate an attit!de o% non3atta&hment or deta&hment0 %t rges repe-tedl# th-t -n individ -l sho ld live in the world li<e w-ter on - lot s le-f. E$e who does -"tions4 offering the6 to Cr-h6-n -nd -b-ndoning -tt-"h6ent4 is not t-inted b# sin -s - lot s le-f b# w-terF.&.10. :tt-"h6ent is d e to inf-t -tion. %t is the offspring of the q -lit# of ?-;-s. Det-"h6ent is born of !-ttw-. The for6er is - de6oni-"-l -ttrib te4 the l-tter - divine one. :tt-"h6ent is born of ignor-n"e4 selfishness -nd p-ssion -nd brings with it de-thJ det-"h6ent is wisdo6 -nd brings with it freedo6. The pr-"ti"e of det-"h6ent is - rigoro s dis"ipline. Yo! ma( t!m"#e #i+e a "a"( who i 2! t #earning to wa#+4 "!t (o! wi## have to ri e !1 again with a &heer%!# heart . (-il res -re not st 6bling2blo"<s b t steppingstones to s ""ess. Tr( to dwe## a#wa( in (o!r own Se#%0 A"ide in (o!r &entre0 Thin+ o% the Se#% &on tant#(0 Then a## atta&hment wi## die a!tomati&a##(0 Atta&hment to the Lord i a 1otent antidote to annihi#ate a## wor#d#( atta&hment . /e who ha no atta&hment &an rea##( #ove other 4 %or hi #ove i 1!re and divine0 ETherefore4 witho t -tt-"h6ent do tho -lw-#s perfor6 -"tion whi"h sho ld be doneJ for4 b# perfor6ing -"tion witho t -tt-"h6ent 6-n re-"hes the ! pre6eF.%%%.10.

In De%en&e
!o6e people st d# the Gita in order to find loopholes -nd "riti"ise the te-"hings "ont-ined in it. The tea&hing o% the %ita &an on#( "e !nder tood i% (o! a11roa&h it with a reverentia# attit!de o% mind and with inten e %aith0 ?e"entl# so6eone wrote - "riti"is6 in the newsp-per: EThe Gita is not - s-"red boo< -t -ll. %t te-"hes violen"e. Lord 8rishn- -s<ed :r; n- to <ill even his de-r rel-tions -nd pre"eptorsF. %t is "le-r th-t this "riti" obvio sl# h-s no re-l <nowledge or nderst-nding of the Gita. $e is li<e &iro"h-n- who re"eived spirit -l instr "tions fro6 ,r-;-p-ti -nd too< the bod# -s being the !elf on -""o nt of his perverted intelle"t. $e is obvio sl# - follower of the philosoph# of the flesh. $e "-nnot "o6prehend the depths of the Gita philosoph# -s his 6ind is "-llo s -nd i6pervio s to the re"eption of its tr ths. $e h-s re-d the Gita not to g-in spirit -l <nowledge b t to -tt-"< it.

10

The -nswer to his "riti"is6 lies in - proper nderst-nding of the following verses: E$e who t-<es the !elf to be the sl-#er -nd he who thin<s $e is sl-in4 neither of the6 <nows. $e sl-#s not nor is $e sl-inF.%%.10J ETherefore4 st-nd p -nd obt-in f-6e. *onq er the ene6ies -nd en;o# the nriv-lled <ingdo6. &eril# b# 9e h-ve the# been -lre-d# sl-inJ be tho - 6ere instr 6ent4 ) :r; n-HF.L%.==J E$e who is free fro6 the egoisti" notion4 whose intelle"t is nt-inted (b# good or evil)4 tho gh he sl-#s these people4 he sl-#eth not4 nor is he bo nd (b# the -"tion)F.L&%%%.1A. '! t a &o#o!red d(e tand o!t more &#ear#( on#( when the origina# materia# i 1!re white4 o a# o the in tr!&tion o% a age 1enetrate and ett#e down on#( in the heart o% a 1irant who e mind are &a#m4 who have no de ire %or en2o(ment and who e im1!ritie have "een de tro(ed0 For thi rea on an a 1irant i e<1e&ted to 1o e the *!a#i%i&ation o% +een di &rimination4 di 1a ion4 &ontro# o% the mind and en e 4 and aver ion to wor#d#( attra&tion 4 "e%ore he &an 1ra&ti e the three%o#d Sadhana o% hearing the &ri1t!re 4 re%#e&ting !1on them4 and meditating !1on their igni%i&an&e0 Di &i1#ine and 1!ri%i&ation o% the mind and the en e are the 1rere*!i ite %or a 1irant on the 1ath o% God3rea#i ation0 Even when the n-t re of 3od is eGpl-ined4 those who h-ve not been p rged of their f- lts -nd i6p rities wo ld either disbelieve or 6isbelieve it4 -s w-s the "-se with %ndr- -nd &iro"h-n-. Therefore4 <nowledge -s in" l"-ted -rises onl# in hi6 who h-s p rified hi6self b# - sterit#4 perfor6ed either in this or in - previo s birth. The (panishads de&#areG ;To that high3 o!#ed man who e devotion to hi 1re&e1tor i a great a that to the Lord4 the e&ret e<1#ained here "e&ome i##!mined:0 !o6e people "-t"h fish in the 3-nges river to s-tisf# their p-l-te. Then the# q ote the Gita in s pport of their evil -"tions: EWe-pons " t %t not4 fire b rns %t not4 w-ter wets %t not4 wind dries %t notF.%%.2=. Wonderf l philosoph# indeedH Devils "-n -lso q ote s"ript res. These people -re the followers of the &iro"h-n- s"hool. The# -re evil2 doing4 del ded -nd the vilest of 6en. The# "-nnot hope to nderst-nd the te-"hings of the Gita -s their wisdo6 h-s been destro#ed b# ill sion -nd the# h-ve e6br-"ed the n-t re of de6ons. 9-# the Lord gr-nt the6 - s btle -nd p re intelle"t4 inner spirit -l strength -nd right nderst-nding to "o6prehend the te-"hings of the Gita in their proper light -nd live in their spiritH Some ignorant 1eo1#e a(G ;Lord 5ri hna wa not God0 /e wa not an Avatara or In&arnation0 /e wa a 1a ionate &owherd who #! t%!##( 1#a(ed with the Go1i :0 Wh-t w-s the -ge of Lord 8rishn- -t th-t ti6eM W-s $e not - bo# of sevenM *o ld there h-ve been - tinge of p-ssion in $i6M Who "-n nderst-nd the se"ret of the ?-sLil- -nd 9-dh r#- Ch-v-.the " l6in-tion of the highest st-te of devotion or tot-l s rrender to the LordM %t is onl# '-r-d-4 ! <-dev-4 *h-it-n#-4 9ir-4 ?-6-n-nd- -nd the 3opis who "o ld nderst-nd the se"ret of the ?-s- Lil-. The 3opis onl# -re q -lified for this divine sport. Did $e not pl-# 6ir-"les when $e w-s - bo#M Did $e not show th-t $e w-s the :v-t-r- of Lord $-riM Did $e not show $is *os6i" (or6 to $is 6other when $e 11

w-s onl# - b-b#M Did $e not s bd e the serpent4 8-li#-4 b# st-nding on its hoodM Did $e not 6 ltipl# $i6self -s "o ntless 8rishn-s for the s-tisf-"tion of the 3opisM Who were the 3opisM Were the# not 3od2intoGi"-ted beings who s-w 8rishn- -lone ever#where4 even in the6selvesM The so nd of the fl te wo ld throw the6 in - st-te of e"st-s# or hol# "o66 nion. The# were -bove bod#2"ons"io sness. I st listen to the f-te of s "h people who "-vil -nd "-rp -t the Lord: EThe foolish thin< of 9e4 the 5n6-nifest4 -s h-ving 6-nifest-tion4 <nowing not 9# higher4 i66 t-ble -nd 6ost eG"ellent for6F.&%%.2/J E(ools disreg-rd 9e4 "l-d in h 6-n for64 not <nowing 9# higher Ceing -s the gre-t Lord of -ll beingsFJ EE6pt# of hopes4 of v-in -"tions4 of v-in <nowledge -nd senseless4 the# veril# -re possessed of the de"eitf l n-t re of de6ons -nd ndivine beingsF.%L.11212J EThese "r el h-ters .the worst -6ong 6en in the world.% h rl these evil2doers into the wo6b of de6ons onl#FJ EEntering into de6oni-"-l wo6bs -nd del ded birth -fter birth4 not -tt-ining 9e4 the# th s f-ll4 ) :r; n-4 into - "ondition lower th-n th-tF2L&%.10220. Some tho!ght#e 1eo1#e "egin to entertain a do!"t and a(G ;/ow &o!#d the %ita have "een ta!ght to Ar2!na on the "att#e%ie#d in !&h a hort timeH It &o!#d not0: Thi i wrong0 It wa a## a reve#ation to Ar2!na0 The Lord gave Ar2!na the divine e(e o% int!ition0 /e &an do an(thing0 /i Gra&e &an ma+e the d!m" man e#o*!ent and the &ri11#e a &#im"er o% mo!ntain 0

So#!tion to Con%#i&ting Ver e

: "riti" s-#s: E%n the Gita4 %%%.==4 it is s-id4 NEven - wise 6-n -"ts in -""ord-n"e with his own n-t reJ beings follow their n-t reJ wh-t "-n restr-int doM7 Wh-t then is the se of o r -tte6pt -t "ontrolling the senses -nd the 6ind when o r n-t re is so powerf l -nd overwhel6ingM $ow "-n o r !-dh-n- over"o6e itMF %n the ver# neGt verse4 Lord 8rishn- distin"tl# -dvises s to "ontrol li<es -nd disli<es. ) r n-t re "-n be s bd ed b# !-dh-n-. When st d#ing the Gita #o sho ld not "onfine the 6e-ning to one verse eG"l sivel#4 b t see its "onne"tion with the previo s -nd s ""eeding verses of the s-6e dis"o rse -s well -s of -ll the other dis"o rses. +o h-ve to freq entl# 6-<e "ross referen"es before #o get the right -nswer. Those who disreg-rd the Lord7s "o66-nd6ent: E?eno n"ing -ll -"tions in 9e4 with the 6ind "entred in the !elf free fro6 hope -nd egois6 -nd fro6 6ent-l fever4 do tho fightF4 -nd who sit q iet4 reno n"ing their own d t#4 will not derive -n# benefit b# s "h ren n"i-tion. The power of 9-#- is invin"ible to even wise 6enJ then how 6 "h 6ore diffi" lt it wo ld be for worldl# 6en to "onq er itH (or the64 ren n"i-tion of wor< witho t -tt-in6ent of <nowledge is ndesir-ble. The# will be "- ght in the "l t"hes of 9-#-. )f wh-t -v-il is their effort to "ontrol the senses4 or wh-t "-n restr-int do in their "-seM These worldl# 6en "-nnot es"-pe the "l t"hes of li<es -nd disli<es. Even the resid -l good tenden"ies in the wise 6en wor< in -""ord-n"e with the q -lities of their n-t re4 n-6el#4 !-ttw-4 ?-;-s -nd T-6-s. The wise too -re -ffe"ted b# the three 3 n-s when the# -re not -"t -ll# in the st-te of !-6-dhi. C t the# h-ve no -tt-"h6ent to the bod# -nd other ob;e"ts of en;o#6ent -nd4 therefore4 -re not

12

-ffe"ted 6ent-ll#. The# -re ever serene4 self2"ontented -nd self2s-tisfied. The# do not long for ob;e"ts not -tt-ined nor weep over things lost. :nother ob;e"tor s-#s: E%n the Gita, L&%%%.@14 Lord 8rishn- s-#s4 NThe Lord dwells in the he-rts of -ll beings4 ) :r; n-4 "- sing -ll beings4 b# $is ill sive power4 to revolve -s if 6o nted on - 6-"hineH7 %s 6-n then - perfe"t sl-veM %s he li<e - str-w tossed -bo t here -nd thereM $-s he not -n# free will to -"tMF 8rishn- tries $is best to pers -de :r; n- to do his d t#. $e w-nts to eGtr-"t wor< fro6 hi6. !o $e spe-<s of :r; n-7s tter helplessness. %n &%.>4 8rishn- pre-"hes -bo t right eGertion: ELet - 6-n lift hi6self b# his own !elf -lone4 let hi6 not lower hi6selfJ for this self is the friend of oneself -nd this self -lone is the ene6# of oneselfF. Ceing nder the sw-# of one7s n-t re4 the n-t r-l d ties "-n never be fors-<en. )ne7s d t# sho ld in no "-se be ignored. The Lord4 the inner r ler4 is the dire"tor of the individ -l so l. :s long -s one is not free fro6 ignor-n"e4 one is bo nd to one7s d t#. :r; n-7s d t# -s - 8sh-tri#- w-s to fightJ -nd Lord 8rishn- w-nted hi6 to do ; st th-t. The Lord h-s -lso s-id th-t Eone7s own d t# is goodF. +et -nother "riti" s-#s: E%n L&.A4 the Lord s-#s: N:n etern-l portion of 9#self4 h-ving be"o6e - living so l in the world of life4 dr-ws to itself the five senses with the 6ind for the siGth4 -biding in '-t re7. %t is q ite "le-r th-t the individ -l so l is p-rt of Cr-h6-n4 the :bsol te. $ow "-n we s-# th-t it is identi"-l with Cr-h6-nM The do"trine of :dv-it- is therefore wrongF. %n &%%.1A4 the Lord s-#s: E)f the64 the wise4 ever ste-df-st -nd devoted to the )ne4 eG"elsJ for % -6 eG"eedingl# de-r to the wise -nd he is de-r to 9eF. $ere $e spe-<s of identit#. The do"trine of non2d -lis6 is q ite "orre"t. 'on2d -lis6 is the highest re-lis-tion. The Lord gives instr "tions -""ording to the -spir-nt7s q -lifi"-tion. :dv-it- philosoph# "-n be gr-sped onl# b# - 6i"ros"opi" few. !o4 $e spe-<s of other philosophi"-l do"trines in different pl-"es to s it different <inds of -spir-nts. (ro6 the -bsol te point of view there is neither the individ -l so l nor !elf2re-lis-tionJ Cr-h6-n -lone eGists. D -lis64 q -lified 6onis6 -nd p re 6onis6 -re different r ngs in the l-dder of re-lis-tion. The tr th is th-t the individ -l so l -nd Cr-h6-n -re one in essen"e. :ll these s"hools event -ll# re-"h the :dv-iti" go-l of oneness. 5nderst-nd things in their proper light.

E1i#og!e
%ndi- is held in high estee6 b# the Westerners on -""o nt of the Gita. 3-ndhi;i on"e visited one of the biggest libr-ries in London -nd -s<ed the libr-ri-n whi"h boo< w-s iss ed 6ost freq entl#. The libr-ri-n s-id th-t it w-s the Gita. %t is ver# pop l-r thro gho t the world. :ll -spir-nts sho ld tr# to get the whole eighteen dis"o rses b# he-rt. This "-n be -"hieved thro gh d-il# st d# over - period of -bo t one #e-r -t r-te of two verses - d-#. !t d# of the Gita 6 st be 6-de "o6p lsor# in -ll s"hools -nd "olleges of %ndi-J n-#4 of the whole world. %t 6 st be"o6e - teGtboo< for st dents of s"hools -nd "olleges. %t sho ld find - ver# i6port-nt pl-"e in ever# s"he6e of ed "-tion. )nl# th-t s#ste6 of 1=

ed "-tion wherein 6or-l -nd spirit -l tr-ining -re i6p-rted -long with se" l-r <nowledge "-n be dee6ed so nd4 pr-"ti"-l4 sensible -nd perfe"t. $old the 6-gnifi"ent tor"h of f-ith. (lo-t high the niq e b-nner of pe-"e. We-r the 6-gnifi"ent shield of disp-ssion. , t on the 6-rvello s "o-t of -r6s of dis"ri6in-tion. !ing the i66ort-l song of !oh-64 !hivoh-64 ?-dhesh#-6 or !it-r-6. 9-r"h boldl# with the b-nd of ,r-n-v-. Clow the "on"h of "o r-ge. 8ill the ene6ies of ignor-n"e -nd egois6 -nd enter the illi6it-ble <ingdo6 of 3od. 9# silent -dor-tions to Lord 3-nesh4 Lord ! br-6-n#-4 Lord ?-6-4 !it- Devi4 !ri !-r-sw-thi4 !ri !h-n<-r-4 Ch-g-v-n &#-s-4 !ri ,-d6-p-d-"h-r#-4 !ri $-st-6-l-<-"h-r#-4 !ri Tot-<-"h-r#-4 !ri ! reshv-r-"h-r#-4 !ri In-n- Dev4 !ri !w-6i &isv-n-nd-4 !ri !w-6i &ishn dev-n-nd-4 -nd -ll the Cr-h6- &id#- 3 r s -nd "o66ent-tors on the Gita, thro gh whose 3r-"e -nd blessings -lone % w-s -ble to write this "o66ent-r#H 9-# their blessings be pon #o -llH 3lor#4 glor# to the Gita* 3lor# to Lord 8rishn-4 who pl-"ed the Gita before 6en of this world to -tt-in liber-tionH 9-# $is blessings be pon #o -llH 9-# the Gita be #o r "entre4 ide-l -nd go-lH B#e ed i the man who t!die the %ita dai#(I Twi&e "#e ed i he who #ive in the 1irit o% the %ita+ Thri&e "#e ed i he who ha rea#i ed the +now#edge o% the %ita or attained Se#%3+now#edgeI Om Tat SatI Om Shanti4 Shanti4 ShantiI *,a#i *ivananda -th uly) ./-0

Introd!&tion
Dhrit-r-shtr- -nd ,-nd were brothers. Dhrit-r-shtr- 6-rried 3-ndh-ri4 -nd ,-nd w-s 6-rried to 8 nti -nd 9-dri. 8ing ,-nd w-s " rsed for - sin while h nting4 d e to whi"h he w-s not per6itted to nite with his wife. 8 nti got - boon thro gh her sin"ere servi"e of - wise s-ge in her #o nger -ge4 -nd she begot three "hildren4 n-6el#4 + dhisthir-4 Chi6- -nd :r; n- fro6 +-6-4 &-# -nd %ndr- respe"tivel#. 9-dri h-d twins4 '-< l- -nd !-h-dev-4 thro gh the "elesti-l ph#si"i-ns "-lled :svini2Dev-t-s. Dhrit-r-shtr- h-d - h ndred -nd one "hildren b# his wife 3-ndh-ri. ,-nd p-ssed -w-# -nd his sons4 the ,-nd-v-s4 were -ll bro ght p b# Dhrit-r-shtr-long with his sons <nown -s 8- r-v-s. The ,-nd-v-s -nd 8- r-v-s grew p together4 b t d e to the br-veness -nd intelligen"e of the for6er4 the 8- r-v-s were n-ble to toler-te the6. $en"e the ,-nd-v-s de"ided to live sep-r-tel#4 sh-ring h-lf of their <ingdo6. The ,-nd-v-s7 po6p4 we-lth -nd glor# displ-#ed d ring the ?-;-s #- +-;n- -ro sed deep ;e-lo s# -nd greed in the 6ind of D r#odh-n-4 the "hief of the 8- r-v-s4 who4 with the " nning -dvi"e of his n"le4 !-< ni4 invited + dhisthir- to - g-6e of di"e -nd fr- d lentl# defe-ted hi64 whereb# -ll his we-lth -nd possessions4 in"l ding Dr- p-di4 were lost. (in-ll# it w-s settled th-t the ,-nd-v-s4 in"l ding Dr- p-di4 sho ld rep-ir to the forest for twelve #e-rs in eGile4 -fter whi"h the# h-d to live

1/

in&ognito for -nother #e-r4 ntr-"ed b# the 8- r-v-s. D ring this period the <ingdo6 w-s to be r led b# the wi"<ed D r#odh-n-. $-ving s ""essf ll# "o6pleted these thirteen #e-rs of eGile4 f-"ing 6-n# obst-"les -nd d-ngers instig-ted b# the 8- r-v-s4 the ,-nd-v-s4 -s per the ter6s of the -gree6ent4 -ppro-"hed the 8- r-v-s for their sh-re of the <ingdo6. D r#odh-n-4 however4 fl-tl# ref sed to p-rt with -s 6 "h l-nd -s "o ld be "overed b# the point of needle. :""ording to the -dvi"e of 9other 8 nti -nd with the inspir-tion of Lord 8rishn-4 the ,-nd-v-s de"ided pon w-r -nd tried to est-blish their rightf l "l-i6 on the <ingdo6 b# over"o6ing the 8- r-v-s. D r#odh-n- -nd :r; n-4 fro6 the side of the 8- r-v-s -nd ,-nd-v-s respe"tivel#4 were sent to Dw-r-<- to see< the help of the +-d-v- hero4 Lord 8rishn-4 in the b-ttle. The# both fo nd 8rishn- resting on - "o "h in $is p-l-"e. D r#odh-n- went in -nd o"" pied - se-t -t the he-d of the "o "h while :r; n- stood ne-r the feet of the Lord. The 6o6ent !ri 8rishn- opened $is e#es4 $e n-t r-ll# s-w :r; n- first4 -nd then D r#odh-n- sitting on - "h-ir. :fter enq ir# of their welf-re -nd the p rpose of their visit4 !ri 8rishn-4 -""ording to the prev-iling " sto64 g-ve the first "hoi"e to :r; n-4 be"- se of his -ge4 -nd -lso be"- se of $is sight of :r; n- first. 8rishn- -s<ed :r; n- to f lfil his desire b# sele"ting $i6 n-r6ed or $is powerf l -r6# "-lled '-r-#-ni !en-. :r; n-4 who w-s - devotee of !ri 8rishn-4 eGpressed his desire to h-ve the Lord with hi64 negle"ting the powerf l '-r-#-ni !en-4 even tho gh 8rishnw-rned th-t $e wo ld re6-in - witness4 bo nd b# the vow of not p-rti"ip-ting in b-ttle -nd not t-<ing p -r6s. D r#odh-n-4 with gre-t delight4 thin<ing th-t :r; nw-s foolish4 eGpressed his wish for the powerf l -r6# to help his side in the b-ttle. When 8rishn- -s<ed :r; n- wh# he "hose $i6 when $e w-s not for t-<ing p -r6s4 :r; n- s-id4 E) LordH +o h-ve the power to destro# -ll the for"es b# - 6ere sight. Wh# then sho ld % prefer th-t worthless -r6#M % h-ve for - long ti6e been "herishing - desire in 6# he-rt th-t #o sho ld -"t -s 6# "h-rioteer. 8indl# f lfil 6# desire in this w-r.F The Lord4 who is ever the 6ost devoted lover of $is devotees4 -""epted his req est with ple-s reJ -nd th s 8rishn- be"-6e the "h-rioteer of :r; n- in the b-ttle of the 9-h-bh-r-t-. :fter the ret rn of D r#odh-n- -nd :r; n- fro6 Dw-r-<-4 Lord 8rishn- $i6self went on"e to $-stin-p r- -s the e6iss-r# of the ,-nd-v-s -nd tried to prevent the w-r. C t then4 nder the g id-n"e of !-< ni4 the egoisti" D r#odh-n- ref sed to -gree to the pe-"e 6ission -nd tried to i6prison Lord 8rishn-4 -t whi"h 8rishn- showed $is ! pre6e (or6 (&isw-r p-). Even the blind Dhrit-r-shtr- s-w it b# the Lord7s 3r-"e. 8ing Dhrit-r-shtr-4 d e to his -tt-"h6ent to his sons4 f-iled to "ontrol the64 -nd the 8- r-v- "hief4 D r#odh-n-4 with v-in hope4 de"ided to 6eet the powerf l ,-nd-v-s in w-r. When both sides were prep-red to "o66en"e the b-ttle4 the s-ge &ed- &#-s-ppro-"hed blind Dhrit-r-shtr- -nd s-id4 E%f #o wish to see this terrible "-rn-ge with #o r own e#es % "-n give #o the gift of vision.F The 8- r-v- <ing replied4 E) *hief of the Cr-h6-rishisH % h-ve no desire to see with 6# own e#es this sl- ghter of 6# f-6il#4 b t % sho ld li<e to he-r -ll the det-ils of the b-ttle.F

1>

Then the s-ge "onferred the gift of divine vision on !-n;-#-4 the tr st# "o nsellor of the <ing4 -nd told the <ing4 E!-n;-#- will des"ribe to #o -ll the in"idents of the w-r. Wh-tever h-ppens in the "o rse of the w-r4 he will dire"tl# see4 he-r or otherwise "o6e to <now. Whether -n in"ident t-<es pl-"e before his e#es or behind his b-"<4 d ring the d-# or d ring the night4 priv-tel# or in p bli"4 -nd whether it is red "ed to -"t -l -"tion or -ppe-rs onl# in tho ght4 it will not re6-in hidden fro6 his view. $e will "o6e to <now ever#thing4 eG-"tl# -s it h-ppens. 'o we-pon will to "h his bod# nor will he feel tired.F :fter the ten d-#s of "ontin ed w-r between the ,-nd-v-s -nd the 8- r-v-s4 when the gre-t w-rrior Chish6- w-s thrown down fro6 his "h-riot b# :r; n-4 !-n;-#-nno n"es the news to Dhrit-r-shtr-. %n -gon# the <ing -s<s !-n;-#- to n-rr-te the f ll det-ils of the previo s ten d-#s w-r4 fro6 the ver# beginning4 in -ll det-il -s it h-ppened. $ere "o66en"es the Bhagavad Gita.

Pra(er to V(a a
.amostu te vyaasa visaalabuddhe (hullaaravindaa yata(atranetra, /ena twayaa bhaaratataila(oornah (ra0waalito 0naanamayah (radee(ah. !-l t-tions nto thee4 ) &#-s-4 of bro-d intelle"t -nd with e#es l-rge li<e the pet-ls of - f ll2blown lot s4 b# who6 the l-6p of divine <nowledge4 filled with the oil of the $ahabharata, h-s been lightedH

Pra(er to the G!r!

Gururbrahmaa gururvishnurgururdevo maheshwarah1 Guruh saa2shaat (aram brahma tasmai shree gurave namah. 3 r is the "re-tor (Cr-h6-)J 3 r is the preserver (&ishn )J 3 r is the destro#er (9-heshv-r-)J 3 r is veril# the ! pre6e :bsol te. To th-t 3 r we prostr-te. -hyaanamoolam gurormoortih (oo0aamoolam guroh $antramoolam gurorvaa2yam mo2shamoolam guroh 2ri(aa. (adam1

The 3 r 7s for6 is the root of 6edit-tionJ the 3 r 7s feet -re the root of worshipJ the 3 r 7s word is the root of 9-ntr-J the 3 r 7s 3r-"e is the root of liber-tion.

Pra(er to Lord 5ri hna

+rishnaaya vaasudevaaya deva2eenandanaaya .andago(a2umaaraaya govindaaya namo namah. &ha1

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% bow -g-in -nd -g-in to Lord 8rishn-4 son of &-s dev-4 the delighter of Dev-<i4 the d-rling of '-nd-gop-4 the prote"tor of "ows. ) 8rishn-H Tho -rt 6# sweet "o6p-nion now. Tho h-st - soft "orner for 6e in Th# he-rt. Te-"h 6e now the 6#steries of Th# divine pl-# -nd the se"rets of &ed-nt-. Tho s-#est in the Gita: E% -6 the - thor of &ed-nt- -nd the <nower of the ,edas3. Tho -rt 6# best te-"her. EGpl-in to 6e the intri"-te det-ils of &ed-nt-. 3ive 6e e-s# lessons. 8indl# eGpl-inJ wh# did ! <-dev4 - Cr-h6- In-ni who w-s -lw-#s -bsorbed in Cr-h6-n4 te-"h the Bhagavata to 8ing ,-ri<shitM Wh-t -re the differen"es in the eGperien"es of - Ch-<t- who en;o#s nion with 3od4 of - +ogi who is est-blished in the highest ! per"ons"io s !t-te4 -nd of - In-ni fir6l# est-blished in the st-te of oneness or Cr-h6-nM Wh-t is the re-l differen"e between liber-tion while living -nd dise6bodied liber-tion4 between the tr-ns"endent st-te -nd the st-te be#ond it4 between the perish-ble ,erson4 the i6perish-ble ,erson -nd the ! pre6e ,ersonM Let 6e be fr-n< with Thee4 ) 8rishn-4 be"- se Tho -rt the indweller of 6# he-rt4 the witness of 6# 6ind4 -nd the Lord of 6# life2bre-thH % "-nnot hide -n#thing fro6 Thee4 be"- se Tho dire"tl# witnesseth -ll the tho ghts th-t e6-n-te fro6 6# 6ind. % h-ve no fe-r of Thee. Tho -rt 6# friend now. Tre-t 6e li<e :r; n-. % sh-ll sing -nd d-n"e. +o "-n pl-# on the fl te. Let s e-t s g-r2"-nd# -nd b tter together. Let s sing. Te-"h 6e the Gita. Let 6e he-r it dire"tl# fro6 Th# lips on"e 6ore. ) Tho invisible )neH ) -dor-ble -nd ! pre6e )neH Tho penetr-test -nd per6e-test this v-st niverse fro6 the nli6ited sp-"e down to the tin# bl-de of gr-ss -t 6# feet. Tho -rt the b-sis of -ll n-6es -nd for6s. Tho -rt the -pple of 6# e#e4 the divine love of 6# he-rt4 the life of 6# life4 the ver# so l of 6# so l4 the ill 6in-tor of 6# intelle"t -nd senses4 the sweet 6#sti" 6 si" of 6# he-rt4 -nd the s bst-n"e of 6# ph#si"-l4 6ent-l -nd "- s-l bodies. % re"ognise Thee -lone -s the 6ight# r ler of this niverse -nd the inner "ontroller of 6# three bodies. % prostr-te -g-in -nd -g-in before Thee4 6# Lord. Tho -rt 6# sole ref ge. % tr st Thee -lone4 ) o"e-n of 6er"# -nd loveH Elev-te4 enlighten4 g ide -nd prote"t 6e. ?e6ove the obst-"les on 6# spirit -l p-th. ?e6ove the veil of ignor-n"e. ) Tho s pre6e world2te-"herH % "-nnot be-r -n# longer4 even for - se"ond4 the 6iseries of this ph#si"-l bod#4 this life -nd this worldl# eGisten"e. 9eet 6e q i"<l#4 ) ,r-bh H % -6 pining4 % -6 6elting. Listen4 listen4 listen to 6# fervent4 inner6ost pr-#er. Do not be "r el4 6# Lord. Tho -rt the friend of the -ffli"ted. Tho -rt one who r-ises the downtrodden. Tho -rt the p rifier of the f-llen. ) 6-gnifi"ent Lord of love -nd "o6p-ssionH ) fo nt-in2he-d of bliss -nd <nowledgeH Tho -rt the e#e of o r e#e4 the e-r of o r e-r4 the bre-th of o r bre-th4 the 6ind of o r 6ind4 the so l of o r so l. Tho -rt the nseen seer4 the ntho ght thin<er4 the nhe-rd he-rer4 the n<nown <nower. ,r-#4 deliver s fro6 te6pt-tion. 3ive s light4 <nowledge -nd p rit#. ) Lord of 6# bre-thH ) -ll2perv-ding Lord of the niverse4 -""ept 6# h 6ble pr-#erH 3 ide 6e. Lift 6e fro6 the 6ire of worldliness. Enlighten 6e. ,rote"t 6e. Thee 1A

-lone % -doreJ Thee -lone % worshipJ on Thee -lone % 6edit-te in Thee -lone % t-<e sole ref ge.

Gita .ahatm(a
GLO6Y OF T/E GITA (To be re-d -t the end of the d-#7s Gita st d#) Sri Ganeshaaya .amah* Go(aala2rishnaaya .amah* -harovaa&ha4 Bhagavan (arameshaana bha2tiravyabhi&haarinee1 Praarabdham bhu0yamaanasya 2atham bhavati he (rabho. The E-rth s-id: 1. ) Ch-g-v-n4 the ! pre6e LordH $ow "-n nflin"hing devotion -rise in hi6 who is i66ersed in his ,r-r-bdh- 8-r6-s (worldl# life)4 ) LordM Sri ,ishnuruvaa&ha: Praarabdham bhu0yamaano hi geetaabhyaasaratah Sa mu2tah sa su2hee lo2e 2armanaa no(ali(yate. Lord &ishn s-id: 2. Tho gh eng-ged in the perfor6-n"e of worldl# d ties4 one who is reg l-r in the st d# of the Gita be"o6es free. $e is the h-pp# 6-n in this world. $e is not bo nd b# 8-r6-. $ahaa(aa(aadi(aa(aani geetaadhyaanam +wa&hit s(arsham na 2urvanti nalineedalam ambuvat. 2aroti &het1 sadaa1

=. I st -s the w-ter st-ins not the lot s le-f4 even so sins do not t-int hi6 who is reg l-r in the re"it-tion of the Gita. Geetaayaah (usta2am yatra yatra 5atra sarvaani teerthaani (rayaagaadeeni tatra vai. (aathah (ravartate1

/. :ll the s-"red "entres of pilgri6-ge4 li<e ,r-#-g -nd other pl-"es4 dwell in th-t pl-"e where the Gita is <ept4 -nd where the Gita is re-d. Sarve devaash&ha rishayo yoginah(annagaash&ha Go(aalaa go(i2aa vaa(i naaradoddhava (aarshadaih. ye1

1B

>. :ll the gods4 s-ges4 +ogins4 divine serpents4 3op-l-s4 3opi<-s (friends -nd devotees of Lord 8rishn-)4 '-r-d-4 5ddh-v- -nd others (dwell here). Sahaayo 0aayate sheeghram yatra geetaa /atra geetaavi&haarash&ha (athanam (aathanam 5atraaham nish&hitam (rithvi nivasaami sadaiva hi. (ravartate1 shrutam1

@. $elp "o6es q i"<l# where the Gita is re"ited -nd4 ) E-rth4 % ever dwell where it is re-d4 he-rd4 t- ght -nd "onte6pl-ted ponH Geetaashraye6ham tishthaami geetaa me &hottamam Geetaa0naanam u(aashritya treen 'o2aan (aalayaamyaham. griham1

A. % t-<e ref ge in the Gita, -nd the Gita is 9# best -bode. % prote"t the three worlds with the <nowledge of the Gita. Geetaa me (aramaa vidyaa brahmaroo(aa 7rdhamaatraa2sharaa nityaa swaanirvaa&hya(adaatmi2aa. na samshayah1

B. The Gita is 9# highest s"ien"e4 whi"h is do btless of the for6 of Cr-h6-n4 the Etern-l4 the :rdh-6-tr- (of the ,r-n-v- )6)4 the ineff-ble splendo r of the !elf. Chidaanandena 2rishnena (ro2taa ,edatrayee (araanandaa tatwaartha0naanasamyutaa. swamu2hato6r0una1

0. %t w-s spo<en b# the blessed Lord 8rishn-4 the -ll2<nowing4 thro gh $is own 6o th4 to :r; n-. %t "ont-ins the essen"e of the ,edas.the <nowledge of the ?e-lit#. %t is f ll of s pre6e bliss. CO..ENTA6YG The Gita "ont-ins the "re-6 of the ,edas -nd '(anishads. $en"e it is - nivers-l s"ript re s ited for people of -ll te6per-6ents -nd for -ll -ges. /oashtaadasha 0a(en nityam naro Jnaanasiddhim sa labhate tato yaati (aram (adam. nish&halamaanasah1

10. $e who re"ites the eighteen "h-pters of the Bhagavad Gita d-il#4 with - p re -nd nsh-<en 6ind4 -tt-ins perfe"tion in <nowledge4 -nd re-"hes the highest st-te or s pre6e go-l. Paathe6asamarthah sam(oornam tato6rdham 5adaa godaana0am (unyam labhate naatra samshayah. (aathamaa&haret1

11. %f - "o6plete re-ding is not possible4 even if onl# h-lf is re-d4 he -tt-ins the benefit of giving - "ow -s - gift. There is no do bt -bo t this. 5ribhaagam (athamaanastu gangaasnaana(halam Shadamsham 0a(amaanastu somayaaga(halam labhet. labhet1

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12. $e who re"ites one2third p-rt of it -"hieves the 6erit of - b-th in the s-"red river 3-ngesJ -nd who re"ites one2siGth of it -tt-ins the 6erit of perfor6ing - !o6s-"rifi"e (- <ind of rit -l). 82aadhyaayam tu yo nityam (athate )udralo2am avaa(noti gano bhootwaa vase&&hiram. bha2tisamyutah1

1=. Th-t person who re-ds one dis"o rse with s pre6e f-ith -nd devotion -tt-ins to the world of ? dr- -nd4 h-ving be"o6e - 3-n- (-n -ttend-nt of Lord !hiv-)4 lives there for 6-n# #e-rs. 7dhyaayam shlo2a(aadam vaa nityam yah Sa yaati narataam yaavanmanwantaram vasundhare. (athate narah1

1/. %f one re-ds - dis"o rse or even - p-rt of - verse d-il# he4 ) E-rth4 ret-ins h 6-n bod# till the end of - 9-nv-nt-r- (A1 9-h-# g-s or =0B4//B4000 #e-rs). Geetaayaah shlo2a dasha2am sa(ta (an&ha &hatushtayam1 -wautreene2am tadardhamvaa shlo2aanaam yah (athennarah. Chandralo2am avaa(noti varshaanaam ayutam dhruvam1 Geetaa(aathasamaayu2to mrito maanushataam vra0et. 1>21@. $e who repe-ts ten4 seven4 five4 fo r4 three4 two verses or even one or h-lf of it4 -tt-ins the region of the 6oon -nd lives there for 104000 #e-rs. :"" sto6ed to the d-il# st d# of the Gita, - d#ing 6-n "o6es b-"< to life -g-in -s - h 6-n being. Geetaabhyaasam (unah 2ritwaa labhate Geetetyu&&haarasamyu2to mriyamaano gatim labhet. mu2tim uttamaam1

1A. C# repe-ted st d# of the Gita, he -tt-ins liber-tion. 5ttering the word Gita -t the ti6e of de-th4 - person -tt-ins liber-tion. Geetaarthashravanaasa2to mahaa(aa(ayuto6(i ,ai2untham samavaa(noti vishnunaa saha modate. vaa1

1B. Tho gh f ll of sins4 one who is ever intent on he-ring the 6e-ning of the Gita, goes to the <ingdo6 of 3od -nd re;oi"es with Lord &ishn . Geetaartham dhyaayate nityam 2ritwaa Jeevanmu2tah sa vi0neyo dehaante (aramam (adam. 2armaani bhoorishah1

10. $e who 6edit-tes on the 6e-ning of the Gita, h-ving perfor6ed 6-n# virt o s -"tions4 -tt-ins the s pre6e go-l -fter de-th. ! "h -n individ -l sho ld be "onsidered - tr e Iiv-n6 <t-. CO..ENTA6YG : Iiv-n6 <t- is one who h-s -tt-ined liber-tion while living. Geetaam aashritya bahavo bhoobhu0o .irdhoota2almashaa lo2e geetaa yaataah (aram (adam. 0ana2aadayah1

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20. %n this world4 t-<ing ref ge in the Gita, 6-n# <ings li<e I-n-<- -nd others re-"hed the highest st-te or go-l4 p rified of -ll sins. Geetaayaah (athanam 2ritwaa maahaatmyam ,rithaa (aatho bhavet tasya shrama eva hyudaahritah. naiva yah (athet1

21. $e who f-ils to re-d this E3lor# of the GitaF -fter h-ving re-d the Gita, loses the benefit thereb#4 -nd the effort -lone re6-ins. CO..ENTA6YG This is to test -nd "onfir6 the f-ith of the re-der in the Bhagavad Gita, whi"h is not - 6ere philosophi"-l boo< b t the word of 3od -nd sho ld therefore be st died with gre-t f-ith -nd devotion. The Gita $ahatmya gener-tes this devotion in one7s he-rt. 8tanmaahaatmyasamyu2tam geetaabhyaasam Sa tat(halamavaa(noti durlabhaam gatim aa(nuyaat. 2aroti yah1

22. )ne who st dies the Gita, together with this E3lor# of the GitaF4 -tt-ins the fr its 6entioned -bove4 -nd re-"hes the st-te whi"h is otherwise ver# diffi" lt to be -tt-ined. Suta 'vaa&ha: $aahaatmyam etad geetaayaah mayaa (ro2tam Geetaante &ha (athedyastu yadu2tam tat(halam labhet. ! t- s-id: 2=. This gre-tness or E3lor# of the GitaF4 whi"h is etern-l4 -s n-rr-ted b# 6e4 sho ld be re-d -t the end of the st d# of the Gita, -nd the fr its 6entioned therein will be obt-ined. 9ti srivaraaha(uraane srigeetaamaahaatmyam sam(oornam. Th s ends the E3lor# of the GitaF "ont-ined in the ,araha , r-n-. )6 !h-nti4 !h-nti4 !h-ntiH sanaatanam1

Gita Dh(anam
.EDITATION ON T/E GITA :m (aarthaaya (ratibodhitaam bhagavataa naaraayanenaswayam, ,yaasena grathitaam (uraanamuninaa madhye mahaabhaaratam1 7dvaitaamritavarshineem bhagavateem ashtaadashaa dhyaayineem, 7mba twaam anusandadhaami bhagavadgeete bhavadweshineem.

21

1. )6. ) Bhagavad Gita, with whi"h ,-rth- w-s ill 6ined b# Lord '-r-#-n$i6self4 -nd whi"h w-s "o6posed within the $ahabharata b# the -n"ient s-ge4 &#-s-4 ) Divine 9other4 the destro#er of rebirth4 the showerer of the ne"t-r of :dv-it-4 -nd "onsisting of eighteen dis"o rses. pon Thee4 ) Gita, ) -ffe"tion-te 9other4 % 6edit-teH .amostu te vyaasa vishaalabuddhe (hullaaravindaayata(atranetra1 /ena twayaa bhaaratataila(oornah (ra0waalito 0naanamayah (radee(ah. 2. !-l t-tions nto thee4 ) &#-s-4 of bro-d intelle"t -nd with e#es li<e the pet-ls of f ll2blown lot s4 b# who6 the l-6p of <nowledge4 filled with the oil of the $ahabharata, h-s been lightedH Pra(anna(aari0aataaya totravetrai2a(aanaye1 Jnaanamudraaya 2rishnaaya geetaamritaduhe namah. =. !-l t-tions to Lord 8rishn-4 the ,-ri;-t- or the 8-lp-t-r or the bestower of -ll desires for those who t-<e ref ge in $i64 the holder of the whip in one h-nd4 the holder of the s#6bol of divine <nowledge -nd the 6il<er of the divine ne"t-r of the Bhagavad GitaH Sarvo(anishado gaavo dogdhaa go(aalanandanah1 Paartho vatsah sudheer bho2taa dugdham geetaamritam mahat. /. :ll the '(anishads -re the "owsJ the 6il<er is 8rishn-J the "owherd bo#4 ,-rth(:r; n-)4 is the "-lfJ 6en of p rified intelle"t -re the drin<ersJ the 6il< is the gre-t ne"t-r of the Gita. ,asudevasutam devam 2amsa&haanooramardanam1 -eva2ee(aramaanandam 2rishnam vande 0agadgurum. >. % s-l te !ri 8rishn-4 the world2te-"her4 son of &-s dev-4 the destro#er of 8-6s-nd *h-n r-4 the s pre6e bliss of Dev-<iH Bheeshmadronatataa 0ayadratha0alaa gaandhaaraneelot(alaa1 Shalyagraahavatee 2ri(ena vahanee 2arnena velaa2ulaa1 7shwatthaama%vi2arna%ghora%ma2araa duryodhanaavartinee1 Sotteernaa 2halu (aandavai rananadee 2aivarta2ah 2eshavah. @. With 8es-v- -s the hel6s6-n4 veril# w-s "rossed b# the ,-nd-v-s the b-ttle2river4 whose b-n<s were Chish6- -nd Dron-4 whose w-ter w-s I-#-dr-th-4 whose bl e lot s w-s the <ing of 3-ndh-r-4 whose "ro"odile w-s !-l#-4 whose " rrent w-s 8rip-4 whose billow w-s 8-rn-4 whose terrible -llig-tors were &i<-rn- -nd :sv-tth-6-4 whose whirlpool w-s D r#odh-n-. Paaraasharya va&hah saro0amamalam geetaarthagandhot2atam1 .aanaa2hyaana2a2esaram hari2athaa sambodhanaabodhitam1 ;o2e sa00ana shat(adairaharahah (e(eeyamaanam mudaa1 Bhooyaadbhaarata(an2a0am 2alimala (radhwamsinah shreyase.

22

A. 9-# this lot s of the $ahabharata, born in the l-<e of the words of &#-s-4 sweet with the fr-gr-n"e of the 6e-ning of the Gita, with 6-n# stories -s its st-6ens4 f ll# opened b# the dis"o rses of $-ri4 the destro#er of the sins of 8-li4 -nd dr n< ;o#o sl# b# the bees of good 6en in the world4 be"o6e d-# b# d-# the bestower of good to sH $oo2am 2aroti vaa&haalam (angum langhayate /at2ri(aa tamaham vande (aramaanandamaadhavam. girim1

B. % s-l te th-t 9-dh-v-4 the so r"e of s pre6e bliss4 whose 3r-"e 6-<es the d 6b eloq ent -nd the "ripple "ross 6o nt-insH /am brahmaa varunendrarudramarutah stunwanti divyaih stavaih, ,edaih saanga(ada2ramo(anishadair gaayanti yam saamagaah, -hyaanaavasthitatadgatena manasaa (ashyanti yam yogino, /asyaantam na viduh suraasuraganaa devaaya tasmai namah. 0. !-l t-tions to th-t 3od who6 Cr-h6-4 %ndr-4 &-r n-4 ? dr- -nd the 9-r ts pr-ise with divine h#6ns4 of who6 the !-6-2"h-nters sing b# the ,edas -nd their :ng-s (in the ,-d- -nd 8r-6- 6ethods)4 -nd b# the '(anishads1 who6 the +ogis see with their 6inds -bsorbed in $i6 thro gh 6edit-tion4 -nd whose ends the hosts of Dev-s -nd :s r-s <now notH

I The Yoga o% the De 1onden&( o% Ar2!na

S!mmar( o% Fir t Di &o!r e
The gre-t 9-h-bh-r-t- w-r between the ,-nd-v-s -nd the 8- r-v-s too< pl-"e on the hol# pl-in of 8 r <shetr-. :fter the f-il re of Lord 8rishn-7s pe-"e 6ission4 when $e $i6self went to $-stin-p r- -s the e6iss-r# of the ,-nd-v-s4 there w-s no other -ltern-tive for the ,-nd-v-s b t to eng-ge in w-r for their rightf l sh-re of the <ingdo6. :ll the f-6o s w-rriors fro6 both sides h-d -sse6bled on the b-ttlefield. Tents -nd w-gons4 we-pons -nd 6-"hines4 "h-riots -nd -ni6-ls "overed the v-st pl-in. Lord 8rishn- -rrived on the s"ene in - 6-gnifi"ent "h-riot #o<ed b# white horses. $e w-s to -"t -s the "h-rioteer of :r; n-4 one of the ,-nd-v- prin"es. The din of h ndreds of "on"hes4 bl-ring forth s ddenl#4 -nno n"ed the "o66en"e6ent of the b-ttle. :r; n- blew his "on"h EDev-d-tt-F4 while Chi6-4 his brother4 so nded the E,- ndr-F. :ll the other gre-t w-rriors blew their respe"tive "on"hes. :s the two -r6ies were -rr-#ed4 re-d# for b-ttle4 :r; n- req ested 8rishn- to pl-"e his "h-riot between the6 so th-t he 6ight s rve# his opponents. $e w-s bewildered

2=

b# the s"ene before hi64 for he beheld on both sides4 f-thers -nd gr-ndf-thers4 te-"hers -nd n"les4 f-thers2in2l-w4 gr-ndsons4 rel-tives -nd "o6r-des. *onf sion reigned in :r; n-7s 6ind. !ho ld he p-rti"ip-te in this terrible "-rn-geM W-s it proper to destro# one7s rel-tives for the s-<e of - <ingdo6 -nd so6e ple-s resM Wo ld it not be 6 "h better for hi6 to s rrender ever#thing in f-vo r of his ene6ies -nd retire in pe-"eM :s these tho ghts r shed into his 6ind4 - feeling of desponden"# overtoo< :r; n-. $e h-d no enth si-s6 to eng-ge in this b-ttle. Letting his bow slip fro6 his h-nds4 :r; n- "o ld do nothing b t t rn to Lord 8rishn- for g id-n"e -nd enlighten6ent. -hritaraashtra 'vaa&ha: -harma2shetre 2uru2shetre samavetaa $aama2aah (aandavaash&haiva 2im a2urvata san0aya. Dhrit-r-shtr- s-id: 1. Wh-t did the sons of ,-nd -nd -lso 6# people do when the# h-d -sse6bled together4 e-ger for b-ttle on the hol# pl-in of 8 r <shetr-4 ) !-n;-#-M San0aya 'vaa&ha: -rishtwaa tu (aandavaanee2am vyudham 7a&haaryam u(asamgamya raa0aa va&hanam abraveet. !-n;-#- s-id: 2. $-ving seen the -r6# of the ,-nd-v-s dr-wn p in b-ttle -rr-#4 8ing D r#odh-nthen -ppro-"hed his te-"her (Dron-) -nd spo<e these words: Pashyaitaam (aandu(utraanaam aa&haarya mahateem ,yoodhaam dru(ada(utrena tava shishyena dheemataa. &hamoom1 duryodhanastadaa1 yuyutsavah1

=. ECehold4 ) Te-"her4 this 6ight# -r6# of the sons of ,-nd 4 -rr-#ed b# the son of Dr p-d-4 th# wise dis"ipleH 7tra shooraa maheshwaasaa bheemaar0unasamaa /uyudhaano viraatash&ha dru(adash&ha mahaarathah. yudhi1

/. E$ere -re heroes4 6ight# -r"hers4 eq -l in b-ttle to Chi6- -nd :r; n-4 + # dh-n-4 &ir-t- -nd Dr p-d-4 of the gre-t "-r (6ight# w-rriors)4 -hrishta2etush &he2itaanah 2aashiraa0ash&ha Puru0it 2untibho0ash&ha shaibyash&ha nara(ungavah. veeryavaan1

>. EDrisht-<et 4 *he<it-n- -nd the v-li-nt <ing of 8-si4 , r ;it4 -nd 8 ntibho;- -nd !-ib#-4 the best of 6en4

2/

/udhaamanyush&ha vi2raanta uttamau0aash&ha Saubhadro drau(adeyaash&ha sarva eva mahaarathaah.

veeryavaan1

@. EThe strong + dh-6-n# -nd the br-ve 5tt-6- ;-s4 the son of ! bh-dr(:bhi6-n# 4 the son of :r; n-)4 -nd the sons of Dr- p-di4 -ll of gre-t "h-riots (gre-t heroes). 7smaa2am tu vishishtaa ye taan nibodha .aaya2aah mama sainyasya sam0naartham taan braveemi te. dwi0ottama1

A. E8now -lso4 ) best -6ong the twi"e2born4 the n-6es of those who -re the 6ost disting ished -6ongst o rselves4 the le-ders of 6# -r6#H These % n-6e to thee for th# infor6-tion. Bhavaan bheeshmash&ha 2arnash&ha 2ri(ash&ha 7shwatthaamaa vi2arnash&ha saumadattis tathaiva &ha. samitin0ayah1

B. ETh#self -nd Chish6-4 -nd 8-rn- -nd 8rip-4 the vi"torio s in w-rJ :sv-tth-6-4 &i<-rn-4 -nd I-#-dr-th-4 the son of !o6-d-tt-. 7nye &ha bahavah shooraa madarthe .aanaashastra(raharanaah sarve yuddhavishaaradaah. tya2ta0eevitaah1

0. E:nd -lso 6-n# other heroes who h-ve given p their lives for 6# s-<e4 -r6ed with v-rio s we-pons -nd 6issiles4 -ll well s<illed in b-ttle. 7(aryaa(tam tad asmaa2am balam bheeshmaabhira2shitam1 Paryaa(tam twidam eteshaam balam bheemaabhira2shitam. 10. EThis -r6# of o rs 6-rsh-lled b# Chish6- is ins ffi"ient4 where-s their -r6#4 6-rsh-lled b# Chi6-4 is s ffi"ient. 7yaneshu &ha sarveshu yathaabhaagam Bheeshmam evaabhira2shantu bhavantah sarva eva hi. avasthitaah1

11. ETherefore4 do #e -ll4 st-tioned in #o r respe"tive positions in the sever-l divisions of the -r6#4 prote"t Chish6- -loneF. 5asya san0anayan harsham 2uruvriddhah (itaamahah1 Simhanaadam vinadyo&&haih shan2ham dadhmau (rataa(avaan. 12. $is glorio s gr-ndsire (Chish6-)4 the eldest of the 8- r-v-s4 in order to "heer D r#odh-n-4 now ro-red li<e - lion -nd blew his "on"h. 5atah shan2haash&ha bheryash&ha (anavaana2agomu2haah1 Sahasaivaabhyahanyanta sa shabdastumulo6bhavat. 1=. Then (following Chish6-)4 "on"hes -nd <ettle2dr 6s4 t-bors4 dr 6s -nd "ow2 horns bl-red forth q ite s ddenl# (fro6 the side of the 8- r-v-s)J -nd the so nd w-s tre6endo s. 2>

5atah shvetair hayair yu2te mahati syandane $aadhavah (aandavash&haiva divyau shan2hau (radadhmatuh.

sthitau1

1/. Then -lso4 9-dh-v- (8rishn-)4 -nd the son of ,-nd (:r; n-)4 se-ted in their 6-gnifi"ent "h-riot #o<ed with white horses4 blew their divine "on"hes. Paan&ha0anyam hrishee2esho devadattam dhanan0ayah1 Paundram dadhmau mahaashan2ham bheema2armaa vri2odarah. 1>. $rishi<es- blew the E,-n"h-;-n#-F -nd :r; n- blew the EDev-d-tt-F4 -nd Chi6-4 the doer of terrible deeds4 blew the gre-t "on"h4 E,- ndr-F. 7nantavi0ayam raa0aa 2untee(utro .a2ulah sahadevash&ha sughoshamani(ush(a2au. yudhishthirah1

1@. + dhisthir-4 the son of 8 nti4 blew the E:n-nt-vi;-#-FJ -nd !-h-dev- -nd '-< lblew the E9-nip shp-<-F -nd E! ghosh-F "on"hes. +aashyash&ha (arameshwaasah shi2handee &ha -hrishtadyumno viraatash&ha saatya2ish&haa(araa0itah. mahaarathah1

1A. The <ing of 8-si4 -n eG"ellent -r"her4 !i<h-ndi4 the 6ight# "-r2w-rrior4 Dhrist-d# 6n- -nd &ir-t- -nd !-t#-<i4 the n"onq ered4 -ru(ado drau(adeyaash&ha sarvashah (rithivee(ate1 Saubhadrash&ha mahaabaahuh shan2haan dadhmuh (ritha2 (ritha2. 1B. Dr p-d- -nd the sons of Dr- p-di4 ) Lord of the E-rth4 -nd the son of ! bh-dr-4 the 6ight#2-r6ed4 -ll blew their respe"tive "on"hesH Sa ghosho dhaartaraashtraanaam hridayaani .abhash&ha (rithiveem &haiva tumulo vyanunaadayan. vyadaarayat1

10. The t 6 lt o s so nd rent the he-rts of Dhrit-r-shtr-7s p-rt#4 6-<ing both he-ven -nd e-rth reso nd. 7tha vyavasthitaan drishtwaa dhaartaraashtraan Pravritte shastrasam(aate dhanurudyamya <rishee2esham tadaa vaa2yamidamaaha mahee(ate1 2a(idhwa0ah1 (aandavah.

20. Then4 seeing -ll the people of Dhrit-r-shtr-7s p-rt# st-nding -rr-#ed -nd the dis"h-rge of we-pons -bo t to begin4 :r; n-4 the son of ,-nd 4 whose ensign w-s th-t of - 6on<e#4 too< p his bow -nd s-id the following to 8rishn-4 ) Lord of the E-rthH 7r0una 'vaa&ha: Senayor ubhayormadhye ratham sthaa(aya /aavad etaan niree2she6ham yoddhu2aamaan +air mayaa saha yoddhavyam asmin ranasamudyame. me6&hyuta. avasthitaan1

2@

:r; n- s-id: 21222. %n the 6iddle of the two -r6ies4 pl-"e 6# "h-riot4 ) 8rishn-4 so th-t % 6-# behold those who st-nd here4 desiro s to fight4 -nd <now with who6 % 6 st fight when the b-ttle begins. /otsyamaanaan ave2she6ham ya ete6tra -haartaraashtrasya durbuddher yuddhe (riya&hi2eershavah. samaagataah1

2=. (or % desire to observe those who -re -sse6bled here to fight4 wishing to ple-se in b-ttle D r#odh-n-4 the evil26inded. San0aya 'vaa&ha: 8vamu2to hrishee2esho gudaa2eshena Senayor ubhayormadhye sthaa(ayitwaa rathottamam. !-n;-#- s-id: 2/. Ceing th s -ddressed b# :r; n-4 Lord 8rishn-4 h-ving st-tioned th-t best of "h-riots4 ) Dhrit-r-shtr-4 in the 6idst of the two -r6ies4 Bheeshmadrona(ramu2hatah sarveshaam &ha 'vaa&ha (aartha (ashyaitaan samavetaan 2uroon iti. mahee2shitaam1 bhaarata1

2>. %n front of Chish6- -nd Dron- -nd -ll the r lers of the e-rth4 s-id: E) :r; n-4 behold now -ll these 8 r s g-thered togetherHF 5atraa(ashyat sthitaan (aarthah (itrin atha (itaamahaan1 7a&haaryaan maatulaan bhraatrun (utraan (autraan sa2heemstathaa. 2@. Then :r; n- beheld there st-tioned4 gr-ndf-thers -nd f-thers4 te-"hers4 6-tern-l n"les4 brothers4 sons4 gr-ndsons -nd friends4 too. Shvashuraan suhridash&haiva senayorubhayora(i1 5aan samee2shya sa 2aunteyah sarvaan bandhoon avasthitaan. +ri(ayaa (arayaa6vishto visheedannidam abraveet1 2A. ($e s-w) f-thers2in2l-w -nd friends -lso in both -r6ies. The son of 8 nti. :r; n-.seeing -ll these <ins6en st-nding -rr-#ed4 spo<e th s sorrowf ll#4 filled with deep pit#. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: -rishtwemam swa0anam 2rishna yuyutsum samu(asthitam. :r; n- s-id: 2B. !eeing these4 6# <ins6en4 ) 8rishn-4 -rr-#ed4 e-ger to fight4

2A

Seedanti mama gaatraani mu2ham &ha ,e(athush&ha shareere me romaharshash&ha 0aayate.

(arishushyati1

20. 9# li6bs f-il -nd 6# 6o th is p-r"hed p4 6# bod# q ivers -nd 6# h-irs st-nd on endH Gaandeevam sramsate hastaat twa2 &haiva .a &ha sha2nomyavasthaatum bhramateeva &ha me manah. (aridahyate1

=0. The (bow) E3-ndiv-F slips fro6 6# h-nd -nd 6# s<in b rns -ll overJ % -6 n-ble even to st-nd4 6# 6ind is reeling4 -s it were. .imittaani &ha (ashyaami vi(areetaani .a &ha shreyo6nu(ashyaami hatwaa swa0anam aahave. 2eshava1

=1. :nd % see -dverse o6ens4 ) 8es-v-H % do not see -n# good in <illing 6# <ins6en in b-ttle. .a 2aang2she vi0ayam 2rishna na &ha raa0yam +im no raa0yena govinda 2im bhogair 0eevitena vaa. su2haani &ha1

=2. (or % desire neither vi"tor#4 ) 8rishn-4 nor ple-s res nor <ingdo6sH )f wh-t -v-il is - do6inion to s4 ) 8rishn-4 or ple-s res or even lifeM /eshaam arthe 2aang2shitam no raa0yam bhogaah 5a ime6vasthitaa yuddhe (raanaamstya2twaa dhanaani &ha. su2haani &ha1

==. Those for whose s-<e we desire <ingdo6s4 en;o#6ents -nd ple-s res4 st-nd here in b-ttle4 h-ving reno n"ed life -nd we-lth. 7a&haaryaah (itarah (utraastathaiva &ha (itaamahaah1 $aatulaah shwashuraah (autraah shyaalaah sambandhinas tathaa. =/. Te-"hers4 f-thers4 sons -nd -lso gr-ndf-thers4 gr-ndsons4 f-thers2in2l-w4 6-tern-l n"les4 brothers2in2l-w -nd rel-tives4. 8taan na hantum i&&haami ghnato6(i 7(i trailo2ya raa0yasya hetoh 2im nu mahee2rite. madhusoodana1

=>. These % do not wish to <ill4 tho gh the# <ill 6e4 ) 8rishn-4 even for the s-<e of do6inion over the three worlds4 le-ve -lone <illing the6 for the s-<e of the e-rthH .ihatya dhaartaraashtraan nah 2aa (reetih Paa(am evaashrayed asmaan hatwaitaan aatataayinah. syaa0 0anaardana1

=@. C# <illing these sons of Dhrit-r-shtr-4 wh-t ple-s re "-n be o rs4 ) I-n-rd-n-M )nl# sin will -""r e b# <illing these felons. 5asmaan naarhaa vayam hantum dhaartaraashtraan Swa0anam hi 2atham hatwaa su2hinah syaama maadhava. swabaandhavaan1

2B

=A. Therefore4 we sho ld not <ill the sons of Dhrit-r-shtr-4 o r rel-tivesJ for4 how "-n we be h-pp# b# <illing o r own people4 ) 9-dh-v- (8rishn-)M /adya(yete na (ashyanti lobho(ahata&hetasah1 +ula2shaya2ritam dosham mitradrohe &ha (aata2am. =B. Tho gh the#4 with intelligen"e overpowered b# greed4 see no evil in the destr "tion of f-6ilies4 -nd no sin in hostilit# to friends4 +atham na 0neyam asmaabhih (aa(aad asmaan +ula2shaya2ritam dosham (ra(ashyadbhir 0anaardana. nivartitum1

=0. Wh# sho ld not we4 who "le-rl# see evil in the destr "tion of - f-6il#4 le-rn to t rn -w-# fro6 this sin4 ) I-n-rd-n- (8rishn-)M CO..ENTA6YG %gnor-n"e of the l-w is no eG" se -nd w-nton sinf l "ond "t is "ri6e nworth# of <nowledge-ble people. +ula2shaye (ranashyanti 2uladharmaah -harme nashte 2ulam 2ritsnam adharmo6bhibhavatyuta. sanaatanaah1

/0. %n the destr "tion of - f-6il#4 the i66e6ori-l religio s rites of th-t f-6il# perishJ on the destr "tion of spirit -lit#4 i6piet# over"o6es the whole f-6il#. CO..ENTA6YG Dh-r6- pert-ins to the d ties -nd "ere6onies pr-"tised b# the f-6il# in -""ord-n"e with s"ript r-l in; n"tions. 7dharmaabhibhavaat 2rishna (radushyanti Streeshu dushtaasu vaarshneya 0aayate varnasan2arah. 2ulastriyah1

/1. C# prev-len"e of i6piet#4 ) 8rishn-4 the wo6en of the f-6il# be"o6e "orr pt -nd4 wo6en be"o6ing "orr pted4 ) &-rsne#- (des"end-nt of &rishni)4 there -rises inter6ingling of "-stesH San2aro nara2aayaiva 2ulaghnaanaam Patanti (itaro hyeshaam lu(ta(indoda2a2riyaah. 2ulasya &ha1

/2. *onf sion of "-stes le-ds to hell the sl-#ers of the f-6il#4 for their foref-thers f-ll4 deprived of the offerings of ri"e2b-ll -nd w-ter. -oshair etaih 2ulaghnaanaam varnasan2ara2aara2aih1 'tsaadyante 0aatidharmaah 2uladharmaash&ha shaashwataah. /=. C# these evil deeds of the destro#ers of the f-6il#4 whi"h "- se "onf sion of "-stes4 the etern-l religio s rites of the "-ste -nd the f-6il# -re destro#ed. 'tsanna2uladharmaanaam manushyaanaam .ara2e6niyatam vaaso bhavateetyanushushruma. 0anaardana1

20

//. We h-ve he-rd4 ) I-n-rd-n-4 th-t inevit-ble is the dwelling for -n n<nown period in hell for those 6en in whose f-6ilies the religio s pr-"ti"es h-ve been destro#edH 7ho bata mahat (aa(am 2artum /adraa0ya su2halobhena hantum swa0anam udyataah. vyavasitaa vayam1

/>. :l-sH We -re involved in - gre-t sin in th-t we -re prep-red to <ill o r <ins6en thro gh greed for the ple-s res of - <ingdo6. /adi maam a(ratee2aaram ashastram shastra(aanayah1 -haartaraashtraa rane hanyus tanme 2shemataram bhavet. /@. %f the sons of Dhrit-r-shtr-4 with we-pons in h-nd4 sho ld sl-# 6e in b-ttle4 nresisting -nd n-r6ed4 th-t wo ld be better for 6e. San0aya 'vaa&ha: 8vamu2twaa6r0unah san2hye ratho(astha ,isri0ya sasharam &haa(am sho2asamvignamaanasah. !-n;-#- s-id: /A. $-ving th s spo<en in the 6idst of the b-ttlefield4 :r; n-4 "-sting -w-# his bow -nd -rrow4 s-t down on the se-t of the "h-riot with his 6ind overwhel6ed with sorrow. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu /ogashaastre Sri 7r0unavishaadayogo .aama Prathamo6dhyaayah. Brahmavidyaayaam +rishnaar0unasamvaade u(aavishat1

Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the first dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga O% the De 1onden&( o% Ar2!na:

II San+h(a Yoga
S!mmar( o% Se&ond Di &o!r e
!-n;-#- eGpl-ins the "ondition of :r; n-4 who w-s -git-ted d e to -tt-"h6ent -nd fe-r.

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Lord 8rishn- reb <es hi6 for his de;e"tion4 whi"h w-s d e to 9oh- or -tt-"h6ent4 -nd eGhorts hi6 to fight. :fter f-iling to "onvin"e !ri 8rishn- thro gh his see6ingl# wise tho ghts4 :r; n- re-lises his helplessness -nd s rrenders hi6self "o6pletel# to the Lord4 see<ing $is g id-n"e to get over the "onfli"t of his 6ind. The Lord t-<es pit# on hi6 -nd pro"eeds to enlighten hi6 b# v-rio s 6e-ns. $e eGpl-ins to :r; n- the i6perish-ble n-t re of the :t6-n4 for whi"h there is no p-st4 present -nd f t re. The :t6-n never dies4 therefore :r; n- sho ld not grieve. :s %t tr-ns"ends the five ele6ents4 n-6el#4 e-rth4 w-ter4 fire4 -ir -nd ether4 %t "-nnot be " t4 b rnt or dried. %t is n"h-nging -nd etern-l. Ever#one eGperien"es "onditions li<e ple-s re -nd p-in4 he-t -nd "old4 d e to "ont-"t of ob;e"ts with the senses. The senses "-rr# the sens-tions thro gh the nerves to the 6ind. )ne sho ld be -ble to withdr-w the senses fro6 ob;e"ts4 li<e the tortoise whi"h withdr-ws -ll its li6bs within. 8rishn- -sserts th-t onl# one who h-s the "-p-"it# to be b-l-n"ed in ple-s re -nd p-in -li<e is fit for i66ort-lit#. 8rishn- goes on to tell :r; n- th-t if he ref ses to fight -nd flees fro6 the b-ttle4 people will be ; stified in "onde6ning s "h -"tion -s nworth# of - w-rrior. $-ving t- ght :r; n- the i66ort-l n-t re of the :t6-n4 Lord 8rishn- t rns to the perfor6-n"e of -"tion witho t eGpe"t-tion of fr it. : 6-n sho ld not "on"ern hi6self -bo t the fr it of the -"tion4 li<e g-in -nd loss4 vi"tor# -nd defe-t. These -re in the h-nds of the Lord. $e sho ld perfor6 -ll -"tion with - b-l-n"ed 6ind4 "-l6l# end ring the p-irs of opposites li<e he-t -nd "old4 ple-s re -nd p-in4 th-t inevit-bl# 6-nifest d ring -"tion. 8rishn- -dvises :r; n- to fight4 free fro6 desire for -"q isition of <ingdo6 or preserv-tion of it. :r; n- is e-ger to <now the "h-r-"teristi"s of - 6-n who h-s - st-ble 6ind. ! "h person4 8rishn- tells hi64 will h-ve no desires -t -ll. !in"e he is "ontent within4 h-ving re-lised the !elf4 he is entirel# free fro6 desires. The "ons"io sness of the :t6-n -nd -b-ndon6ent of desires -re si6 lt-neo s eGperien"es. The v-rio s q -lities of - !thit-pr-;n- (- st-ble26inded person) -re des"ribed b# the Lord. $e will not be -ffe"ted b# -dversit# -nd will h-ve no fe-r or -nger. $e will t-<e things -s the# "o6e4 -nd will not h-ve -n# li<es -nd disli<es. $e will neither h g the world nor h-te it. The 6-n of st-ble 6ind will h-ve perfe"t "ontrol of the senses. The senses -re powerf l -nd dr-w the 6ind o tw-rds. )ne sho ld therefore t rn one7s g-Ke within -nd re-lise 3od who resides in the he-rt. The +ogi4 h-ving -"hieved - st-ble 6ind4 re6-ins ste-df-st even tho gh -ll sense2ob;e"ts "o6e to hi6. $e is n6oved -nd lives - life of etern-l pe-"e. 8rishn- "on"l des th-t the etern-l Cr-h6i" st-te frees one fro6 del sion forever. Even -t the end of life4 when one dep-rts fro6 this bod#4 one does not lose "ons"io sness of one7s identit# with Cr-h6-n. San0aya 'vaa&ha:

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5am tathaa 2ri(ayaavishtam ashru(oornaa2ule2shanam1 ,isheedantam idam vaa2yam uvaa&ha madhusoodanah. !-n;-#- s-id: 1. To hi6 who w-s th s over"o6e with pit# -nd who w-s despondent4 with e#es f ll of te-rs -nd -git-ted4 8rishn- or 9-dh s d-n- (the destro#er of 9-dh )4 spo<e these words. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: +utastwaa 2ashmalam idam vishame 7naarya0ushtam aswargyam a2eerti2aram ar0una. The Clessed Lord s-id: 2. When"e is this perilo s str-it "o6e pon thee4 this de;e"tion whi"h is nworth# of thee4 disgr-"ef l4 -nd whi"h will "lose the g-tes of he-ven pon thee4 ) :r; n-M +laibyam maa sma gamah (aartha naitat +shudram hridaya daurbalyam tya2twottishtha (aranta(a. twayyu(a(adyate1 samu(asthitam1

=. +ield not to i6poten"e4 ) :r; n-4 son of ,rith-H %t does not befit thee. *-st off this 6e-n we-<ness of the he-rt. !t-nd p4 ) s"or"her of foesH 7r0una 'vaa&ha: +atham bheeshmamaham san2hye dronam 9shubhih (ratiyotsyaami (oo0aarhaavarisoodana. :r; n- s-id: /. $ow4 ) 9-dh s d-n-4 sh-ll % fight in b-ttle with -rrows -g-inst Chish6- -nd Dron-4 who -re fit to be worshipped4 ) destro#er of ene6iesM Guroon ahatwaa hi Shreyo bho2tum bhai2shyam <atwaartha2aamaamstu guroon Bhun0eeya bhogaan rudhira(radigdhaan. mahaanubhaavaan a(eeha lo2e1 ihaiva &ha madhusoodana1

>. Cetter it is4 indeed4 in this world to -""ept -l6s th-n to sl-# the 6ost noble te-"hers. C t if % <ill the64 even in this world -ll 6# en;o#6ents of we-lth -nd desires will be st-ined with (their) blood. .a &haitad vidmah 2ataran /adwaa 0ayema yadi vaa /aan eva hatwaa na 5e6vasthitaah (ramu2he dhaartaraashtraah. no gareeyo no 0ayeyuh1 0i0eevishaamas

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@. % "-n h-rdl# tell whi"h will be better: th-t we sho ld "onq er the6 or the# sho ld "onq er s. Even the sons of Dhrit-r-shtr-4 -fter sl-#ing who6 we do not wish to live4 st-nd f-"ing s. +aar(anyadosho(ahataswabhaavah Pri&&haami twaam dharmasammoodha /a&&hreyah syaan nish&hitam broohi Shishyaste6ham shaadhi maam twaam (ra(annam. &hetaah1 tanme

A. 9# he-rt is overpowered b# the t-int of pit#4 6# 6ind is "onf sed -s to d t#. % -s< Thee: tell 6e de"isivel# wh-t is good for 6e. % -6 Th# dis"iple. %nstr "t 6e who h-s t-<en ref ge in Thee. .a (ra(ashyaami u&&hoshanam 7vaa(ya bhoomaavasa(atnam )aa0yam suraanaam a(i &haadhi(atyam. hi /a&&ho2am mamaa(anudyaad indriyaanaam1 riddham

B. % do not see th-t it wo ld re6ove this sorrow th-t b rns p 6# senses even if % sho ld -tt-in prospero s -nd nriv-lled do6inion on e-rth or lordship over the gods. San0aya 'vaa&ha: 8vam u2twaa hrishee2esham gudaa2eshah .a yotsya iti govindam u2twaa tooshneem babhoova ha. !-n;-#- s-id: 0. $-ving spo<en th s to $rishi<es- (Lord of the senses)4 :r; n- (the "onq eror of sleep)4 the destro#er of foes4 s-id to 8rishn-: E% will not fight4F -nd be"-6e silent. 5am uvaa&ha hrishee2eshah (rahasanniva Senayor ubhayor madhye visheedantam idam va&hah. bhaarata1 (aranta(ah1

10. To hi6 who w-s despondent in the 6idst of the two -r6ies4 !ri 8rishn-4 -s if s6iling4 ) Ch-r-t-4 spo<e these wordsH Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 7sho&hyaan anvasho&hastwam (ra0naavaadaamsh&ha Gataasoon agataasoomsh&ha naanusho&hanti (anditaah. The Clessed Lord s-id: 11. Tho h-st grieved for those th-t sho ld not be grieved for4 #et tho spe-<est words of wisdo6. The wise grieve neither for the living nor for the de-d. .a twevaaham 0aatu naasam na twam .a &haiva na bhavishyaamah sarve vayam atah (aram. neme 0anaadhi(aah1 bhaashase1

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12. 'or -t -n# ti6e indeed w-s % not4 nor these r lers of 6en4 nor veril# sh-ll we ever "e-se to be here-fter. -ehino6smin yathaa dehe 2aumaaram 5athaa dehaantara (raa(tir dheeras tatra na muhyati. yauvanam 0araa1

1=. I st -s in this bod# the e6bodied (so l) p-sses into "hildhood4 #o th -nd old -ge4 so -lso does he p-ss into -nother bod#J the fir6 6-n does not grieve there-t. $aatraas(arshaastu 2aunteya sheetoshnasu2haduh2hadaah1 7agamaa(aayino6nityaas taamstiti2shaswa bhaarata. 1/. The "ont-"ts of the senses with the ob;e"ts4 ) son of 8 nti4 whi"h "- se he-t -nd "old -nd ple-s re -nd p-in4 h-ve - beginning -nd -n endJ the# -re i6per6-nentJ end re the6 br-vel#4 ) :r; n-H /am hi na vyathayantyete (urusham Samaduh2ha su2ham dheeram so6mritatwaaya 2al(ate. (urusharshabha1

1>. Th-t fir6 6-n who6 s rel# these -ffli"t not4 ) "hief -6ong 6en4 to who6 ple-s re -nd p-in -re the s-6e4 is fit for -tt-ining i66ort-lit#H .aasato vidyate bhaavo naabhaavo 'bhayora(i drishto6ntastwanayos tattwadarshibhih. vidyate satah1

1@. The nre-l h-th no beingJ there is no non2being of the ?e-lJ the tr th -bo t both h-s been seen b# the <nowers of the Tr th (or the seers of the Essen"e). CO..ENTA6YG Wh-t is "h-nging 6 st -lw-#s be nre-l. Wh-t is "onst-nt or per6-nent 6 st -lw-#s be re-l. The :t6-n or the etern-l4 -ll2perv-ding !elf ever eGists. %t is the onl# ?e-lit#. This pheno6en-l world of n-6es -nd for6s is ever "h-nging. '-6es -nd for6s -re s b;e"t to de"-# -nd de-th. $en"e the# -re nre-l or i6per6-nent. 7vinaashi tu tad viddhi yena sarvam ,inaasham avyayasyaasya na 2ash&hit 2artum arhati. idam tatam1

1A. 8now 5hat to be indestr "tible4 b# who6 -ll this is perv-ded. 'one "-n "- se the destr "tion of 5hat, the %6perish-ble. CO..ENTA6YG The !elf perv-des -ll ob;e"ts li<e ether. Even if the pot is bro<en4 the ether th-t is within -nd witho t it "-nnot be destro#ed. !i6il-rl#4 if the bodies -nd -ll other ob;e"ts perish4 the etern-l !elf th-t perv-des the6 "-nnot be destro#edJ %t is the living Tr th. 7ntavanta ime dehaa nityasyo2taah 7naashino6(rameyasya tasmaad yudhyaswa bhaarata. shareerinah1

1B. These bodies of the e6bodied !elf4 whi"h is etern-l4 indestr "tible -nd i66e-s r-ble4 -re s-id to h-ve -n end. Therefore4 fight4 ) :r; n-H =/

/a enam vetti hantaaram yash&hainam 'bhau tau na vi0aaneeto naayam hanti na hanyate.

manyate

hatam1

10. $e who t-<es the !elf to be the sl-#er -nd he who thin<s $e is sl-in4 neither of the6 <nowsJ $e sl-#s not nor is $e sl-in. .a 0aayate mriyate vaa .aayam bhootwaa bhavitaa vaa 70o nityah shaashwato6yam .a hanyate hanyamaane shareere. 2adaa&hin na bhooyah1 (uraano

20. $e is not born nor does $e ever dieJ -fter h-ving been4 $e -g-in "e-ses not to be. 5nborn4 etern-l4 "h-ngeless -nd -n"ient4 $e is not <illed when the bod# is <illed4 ,edaavinaashinam nityam ya enam a0am +atham sa (urushah (aartha 2am ghaatayati hanti 2am. avyayam1

21. Whosoever <nows $i6 to be indestr "tible4 etern-l4 nborn -nd ineGh- stible4 how "-n th-t 6-n sl-#4 ) :r; n-4 or "- se to be sl-inM ,aasaamsi 0eernaani yathaa .avaani grihnaati 5athaa shareeraani vihaaya .yanyaani samyaati navaani dehee. vihaaya naro6(araani1 0eernaa

22. I st -s - 6-n "-sts off worn2o t "lothes -nd p ts on new ones4 so -lso the e6bodied !elf "-sts off worn2o t bodies -nd enters others th-t -re new. .ainam &&hindanti shastraani nainam .a &hainam 2ledayantyaa(o na shoshayati maarutah. dahati (aava2ah1

2=. We-pons " t %t not4 fire b rns %t not4 w-ter wets %t not4 wind dries %t not. CO..ENTA6YG The !elf is p-rtless. %t is infinite -nd eGtre6el# s btle. !o the sword "-nnot " t %t4 fire "-nnot b rn %t4 wind "-nnot dr# %t. 7&&hedyo6yam adaahyo6yam a2ledyo6shoshya .ityah sarvagatah sthaanur a&halo6yam sanaatanah. eva &ha1

2/. This !elf "-nnot be " t4 b rnt4 wetted nor dried p. %t is etern-l4 -ll2perv-ding4 st-ble4 -n"ient -nd i66ov-ble. 7vya2to6yam a&hintyo6yam avi2aaryo6yam 5asmaad evam viditwainam naanusho&hitum arhasi. u&hyate1

2>. This (!elf) is s-id to be n6-nifested4 nthin<-ble -nd n"h-nge-ble. Therefore4 <nowing This to be s "h4 tho sho ldst not grieve. 7tha &hainam nitya0aatam nityam vaa 5athaa(i twam mahaabaaho naivam sho&hitum arhasi. manyase mritam1

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2@. C t4 even if tho thin<est of %t -s being "onst-ntl# born -nd d#ing4 even then4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed4 tho sho ldst not grieveH CO..ENTA6YG Cirth is inevit-ble to wh-t is de-d -nd de-th is inevit-ble to wh-t is born. This is the l-w of '-t re. Therefore4 one sho ld not grieve. Jaatasya hi dhruvo mrityur dhruvam 0anma 5asmaad a(arihaarye6rthe na twam sho&hitum arhasi. mritasya &ha1

2A. (or4 "ert-in is de-th for the born -nd "ert-in is birth for the de-dJ therefore4 over the inevit-ble tho sho ldst not grieve. 7vya2taadeeni bhootaani vya2tamadhyaani 7vya2ta nidhanaanyeva tatra 2aa (aridevanaa. bhaarata1

2B. Ceings -re n6-nifested in their beginning4 6-nifested in their 6iddle st-te4 ) :r; n-4 -nd n6-nifested -g-in in their endH Wh-t is there to grieve -bo tM CO..ENTA6YG The ph#si"-l bod# is - "o6bin-tion of the five ele6ents. %t is per"eived b# the ph#si"-l e#e onl# -fter the five ele6ents h-ve entered into s "h "o6bin-tion. :fter de-th the bod# disintegr-tes -nd -ll the five ele6ents ret rn to their so r"e. The bod# "-nnot be per"eived now. %t "-n be per"eived onl# in the 6iddle st-te. $e who nderst-nds the n-t re of the bod# -nd h 6-n rel-tionships b-sed pon it will not grieve. 7ash&haryavat (ashyati 2ash&hid 7ash&haryavad vadati tathaiva 7ash&haryava&&hainam anyah Shrutwaa(yenam veda na &haiva 2ash&hit. enam &haanyah1 shrinoti

20. )ne sees This (the !elf) -s - wonderJ -nother spe-<s of %t -s - wonderJ -nother he-rs of %t -s - wonderJ #et4 h-ving he-rd4 none nderst-nds %t -t -ll. CO..ENTA6YG The verse 6-# -lso be interpreted in this 6-nner: he th-t sees4 he-rs -nd spe-<s of the !elf is - wonderf l 6-n. ! "h - 6-n is ver# r-re. $e is one -6ong 6-n# tho s-nds. Therefore4 the !elf is ver# h-rd to nderst-nd. -ehee nityam avadhyo6yam dehe sarvasya 5asmaat sarvaani bhootaani na twam sho&hitum arhasi. bhaarata1

=0. This4 the %ndweller in the bod# of ever#one4 is -lw-#s indestr "tible4 ) :r; n-H Therefore4 tho sho ldst not grieve for -n# "re-t re. Swadharmam a(i &haave2shya na vi2am(itum -harmyaaddhi yuddhaa&&hreyo6nyat 2shatriyasya na vidyate. arhasi1

=1. ( rther4 h-ving reg-rd to th# own d t#4 tho sho ldst not w-ver4 for there is nothing higher for - 8sh-tri#- th-n - righteo s w-r.

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CO..ENTA6YG To - 8sh-tri#- (one born in the w-rrior or r ling "l-ss) nothing is 6ore wel"o6e th-n - righteo s w-r. /adri&&hayaa &ho(a(annam swargadwaaram Su2hinah 2shatriyaah (aartha labhante yuddham eedrisham. a(aavritam1

=2. $-pp# -re the 8sh-tri#-s4 ) :r; n-4 who -re "-lled pon to fight in s "h - b-ttle th-t "o6es of itself -s -n open door to he-venH CO..ENTA6YG The s"ript res de"l-re th-t if - w-rrior dies for - righteo s "- se on the b-ttlefield he -t on"e -s"ends to he-ven. 7tha &hettwam imam dharmyam samgraamam 5atah swadharmam 2eertim &ha hitwaa (aa(am avaa(syasi. na 2arishyasi1

==. C t4 if tho wilt not fight in this righteo s w-r4 then4 h-ving -b-ndoned thine d t# -nd f-6e4 tho sh-lt in" r sin. 72eertim &haa(i bhootaani 2athayishyanti Sambhaavitasya &haa2eertir maranaad atiri&hyate. te6vyayaam1

=/. ,eople4 too4 will re"o nt th# everl-sting dishono rJ -nd to one who h-s been hono red4 dishono r is worse th-n de-th. Bhayaad ranaad u(aratam mamsyante twaam /eshaam &ha twam bahumato bhootwaa yaasyasi laaghavam. mahaarathaah1

=>. The gre-t "-r2w-rriors will thin< th-t tho h-st withdr-wn fro6 the b-ttle thro gh fe-rJ -nd tho wilt be lightl# held b# the6 who h-ve tho ght 6 "h of thee. 7vaa&hyavaadaamsh&ha bahoon vadishyanti .indantastava saamarthyam tato duh2hataram nu 2im. tavaahitaah1

=@. Th# ene6ies -lso4 "-villing -t th# power4 will spe-< 6-n# -b sive words. Wh-t is 6ore p-inf l th-n thisH <ato vaa (raa(syasi swargam 0itwaa vaa bho2shyase 5asmaad uttishtha 2aunteya yuddhaaya 2ritanish&hayah. maheem1

=A. !l-in4 tho wilt obt-in he-venJ vi"torio s4 tho wilt en;o# the e-rthJ therefore4 st-nd p4 ) son of 8 nti4 resolved to fightH Su2haduh2he same 2ritwaa laabhaalaabhau 5ato yuddhaaya yu0yaswa naivam (aa(amavaa(syasi. 0ayaa0ayau1

=B. $-ving 6-de ple-s re -nd p-in4 g-in -nd loss4 vi"tor# -nd defe-t the s-6e4 eng-ge tho in b-ttle for the s-<e of b-ttleJ th s tho sh-lt not in" r sin.

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CO..ENTA6YG This is the +og- of eq -ni6it# or the do"trine of poise in -"tion. %f - person perfor6s -"tions with the -bove 6ent-l -ttit de4 he will not re-p the fr its of s "h -"tions. 8shaa te6bhihitaa saan2hye buddhir yoge twimaam Buddhyaa yu2to yayaa (aartha 2arma bandham (rahaasyasi. shrinu1

=0. This whi"h h-s been t- ght to thee4 is wisdo6 "on"erning !-n<h#-. 'ow listen to wisdo6 "on"erning +og-4 endowed with whi"h4 ) :r; n-4 tho sh-lt "-st off the bonds of -"tionH .ehaabhi2ramanaasho6sti (ratyavaayo na Swal(am a(yasya dharmasya traayate mahato bhayaat. vidyate1

/0. %n this there is no loss of effort4 nor is there -n# h-r6 (the prod "tion of "ontr-r# res lts or tr-nsgression). Even - little of this <nowledge (even - little pr-"ti"e of this +og-) prote"ts one fro6 gre-t fe-r. CO..ENTA6YG %n 8-r6- +og- (selfless -"tion) even - little effort brings i66edi-te p rifi"-tion of the he-rt. , rifi"-tion of the he-rt le-ds to fe-rlessness. ,yavasaayaatmi2aa buddhir e2eha 2urunandana1 Bahushaa2haa hyanantaash&ha buddhayo6vyavasaayinaam. /1. $ere4 ) ;o# of the 8 r s4 there is - single one2pointed deter6in-tionH 9-n#2 br-n"hed -nd endless -re the tho ghts of the irresol te. /aam imaam (ush(itaam vaa&ham (ravadantyavi(ash&hitah1 ,edavaadarataah (aartha naanyad asteeti vaadinah. /2. (lower# spee"h is ttered b# the nwise4 who t-<e ple-s re in the e logising words of the ,edas, ) :r; n-4 s-#ing: EThere is nothing elseHF CO..ENTA6YG 5nwise people who l-"< dis"ri6in-tion pl-"e gre-t stress pon the 8-r6- 8-nd- or rit -listi" portion of the ,edas whi"h l-#s down spe"ifi" r les for spe"ifi" -"tions for the -tt-in6ent of spe"ifi" fr it. The# eGtol these -"tions -nd rew-rds nd l#. +aamaatmaanah swarga(araa 0anma2arma(hala(radaam1 +riyaavisheshabahulaam bhogaishwaryagatim (rati. /=. ( ll of desires4 h-ving he-ven -s their go-l4 the# tter spee"h whi"h pro6ises birth -s the rew-rd of one7s -"tions4 -nd pres"ribe v-rio s spe"ifi" -"tions for the -tt-in6ent of ple-s re -nd power. Bhogaishwarya (rasa2taanaam tayaa(ahrita&hetasaam1 ,yavasaayaatmi2aa buddhih samaadhau na vidheeyate.

=B

//. (or those who -re 6 "h -tt-"hed to ple-s re -nd to power4 whose 6inds -re dr-wn -w-# b# s "h te-"hing4 th-t deter6in-te f-" lt# is not 6-nifest th-t is ste-dil# bent on 6edit-tion -nd !-6-dhi (the st-te of ! per"ons"io sness). 5raigunyavishayaa vedaa nistraigunyo .irdwandwo nityasatwastho niryoga2shema aatmavaan. bhavaar0una1

/>. The ,edas de-l with the three -ttrib tes (of '-t re)J be tho -bove these three -ttrib tes4 ) :r; n-H (ree #o rself fro6 the p-irs of opposites -nd ever re6-in in the q -lit# of !-ttw- (goodness)4 freed fro6 the tho ght of -"q isition -nd preserv-tion4 -nd be est-blished in the !elf. CO..ENTA6YG 3 n- 6e-ns -ttrib te or q -lit#. %t is s bst-n"e -s well -s q -lit#. '-t re is 6-de p of three 3 n-s.!-ttw- (p rit#4 light4 h-r6on#)4 ?-;-s (p-ssion4 restlessness4 6otion)4 -nd T-6-s (inerti-4 d-r<ness). The p-irs of opposites -re ple-s re -nd p-in4 he-t -nd "old4 g-in -nd loss4 vi"tor# -nd defe-t4 hono r -nd dishono r4 pr-ise -nd "ens re. /aavaanartha uda(aane sarvatah 5aavaan sarveshu vedeshu braahmanasya vi0aanatah. sam(lutoda2e1

/@. To the Cr-h6-n- who h-s <nown the !elf4 -ll the ,edas -re of -s 6 "h se -s is reservoir of w-ter in - pl-"e where there is - flood. CO..ENTA6YG )nl# for - s-ge who h-s re-lised the !elf -re the ,edas of no se4 be"- se he is in possession of <nowledge of the !elf. This does not4 however4 6e-n th-t the ,edas -re seless. The# -re sef l for neoph#tes or -spir-nts who h-ve ; st st-rted on the spirit -l p-th. +armanyevaadhi2aaraste maa (haleshu $aa 2arma(halahetur bhoor maa te sango6stwa2armani. 2adaa&hana1

/A. Th# right is to wor< onl#4 b t never with its fr itsJ let not the fr its of -"tions be th# 6otive4 nor let th# -tt-"h6ent be to in-"tion. CO..ENTA6YG :"tions done with eGpe"t-tion of its rew-rds bring bond-ge. %f #o do not thirst for the64 #o get p rifi"-tion of he-rt -nd lti6-tel# <nowledge of the !elf. /ogasthah 2uru 2armaani sangam tya2twaa Siddhyasiddhyoh samo bhootwaa samatwam yoga u&hyate. dhanan0aya1

/B. ,erfor6 -"tion4 ) :r; n-4 being ste-df-st in +og-4 -b-ndoning -tt-"h6ent -nd b-l-n"ed in s ""ess -nd f-il reH Evenness of 6ind is "-lled +og-. -oorena hyavaram 2arma buddhiyogaad Buddhau sharanamanwi&&ha 2ri(anaah (halahetavah. dhanan0aya1

/0. (-r lower th-n the +og- of wisdo6 is -"tion4 ) :r; n-H !ee< tho ref ge in wisdo6J wret"hed -re the# whose 6otive is the fr it. =0

CO..ENTA6YG :"tions done with evenness of 6ind is the +og- of wisdo6. :"tions perfor6ed b# one who eGpe"ts their fr its -re f-r inferior to the +og- of wisdo6 wherein the see<er does not see< the fr its. The for6er le-ds to bond-ge4 -nd is the "- se of birth -nd de-th. Buddhiyu2to 0ahaateeha ubhe su2rita 5asmaad yogaaya yu0yaswa yogah 2armasu 2aushalam. dush2rite1

>0. Endowed with wisdo6 (evenness of 6ind)4 one "-sts off in this life both good -nd evil deedsJ therefore4 devote th#self to +og-J +og- is s<ill in -"tion. CO..ENTA6YG :"tions whi"h -re of - binding n-t re lose th-t n-t re when perfor6ed with eq -ni6it# of 6ind. +arma0am buddhiyu2taa hi (halam tya2twaa Janmabandha vinirmu2taah (adam ga&&hantyanaamayam. maneeshinah1

>1. The wise4 possessed of <nowledge4 h-ving -b-ndoned the fr its of their -"tions4 -nd being freed fro6 the fetters of birth4 go to the pl-"e whi"h is be#ond -ll evil. CO..ENTA6YG *linging to the fr its of -"tions is the "- se of rebirth. 9-n h-s to t-<e - bod# to en;o# the6. %f -"tions -re done for the s-<e of 3od4 witho t desire for the fr its4 one is rele-sed fro6 the bonds of birth -nd de-th -nd -tt-ins to i66ort-l bliss. /adaa te moha2alilam buddhir 5adaa gantaasi nirvedam shrotavyasya shrutasya &ha. vyatitarishyati1

>2. When th# intelle"t "rosses be#ond the 6ire of del sion4 then tho sh-lt -tt-in to indifferen"e -s to wh-t h-s been he-rd -nd wh-t h-s #et to be he-rd. CO..ENTA6YG The 6ire of del sion is identifi"-tion of the !elf with the bod# -nd 6ind. Shrutivi(rati(annaa te yadaa sthaasyati Samaadhaava&halaa buddhistadaa yogam avaa(syasi. nish&halaa1

>=. When th# intelle"t4 perpleGed b# wh-t tho h-st he-rd4 sh-ll st-nd i66ov-ble -nd ste-d# in the !elf4 then tho sh-lt -tt-in !elf2re-lis-tion. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: Sthita(ra0nasya 2aa bhaashaa samaadhisthasya Sthitadheeh 2im (rabhaasheta 2imaaseeta vra0eta 2im. :r; n- s-id: >/. Wh-t4 ) 8rishn-4 is the des"ription of hi6 who h-s ste-d# wisdo6 -nd is 6erged in the ! per"ons"io s !t-teM $ow does one of ste-d# wisdo6 spe-<M $ow does he sitM $ow does he w-l<M /0 2eshava1

Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Pra0ahaati yadaa 2aamaan sarvaan (aartha 7atmanyevaatmanaa tushtah sthita(ra0nastado&hyate. The Clessed Lord s-id: >>. When - 6-n "o6pletel# "-sts off4 ) :r; n-4 -ll the desires of the 6ind -nd is s-tisfied in the !elf b# the !elf4 then is he s-id to be one of ste-d# wisdo6H CO..ENTA6YG :ll the ple-s res of the world -re worthless to -n ill 6ined s-ge who is ever "ontent in the i66ort-l !elf. -uh2heshwanudwignamanaah su2heshu ,eetaraagabhaya2rodhah sthitadheer munir u&hyate. vigatas(rihah1 manogataan1

>@. $e whose 6ind is not sh-<en b# -dversit#4 who does not h-n<er -fter ple-s res4 -nd who is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent4 fe-r -nd -nger4 is "-lled - s-ge of ste-d# wisdo6. /ah sarvatraanabhisnehas tattat (raa(ya .aabhinandati na dweshti tasya (ra0naa (ratishthitaa. shubhaashubham1

>A. $e who is ever#where witho t -tt-"h6ent4 on 6eeting with -n#thing good or b-d4 who neither re;oi"es nor h-tes4 his wisdo6 is fiGed. /adaa samharate &haayam 2urmo6ngaaneeva 9ndriyaaneendriyaarthebhyas tasya (ra0naa (ratishthitaa. sarvashah1

>B. When4 li<e the tortoise whi"h withdr-ws its li6bs on -ll sides4 he withdr-ws his senses fro6 the sense2ob;e"ts4 then his wisdo6 be"o6es ste-d#. ,ishayaa vinivartante niraahaarasya )asavar0am raso6(yasya (aram drishtwaa nivartate. dehinah

>0. The ob;e"ts of the senses t rn -w-# fro6 the -bstinent 6-n4 le-ving the longing (behind)J b t his longing -lso t rns -w-# on seeing the ! pre6e. /atato hya(i 2aunteya (urushasya 9ndriyaani (ramaatheeni haranti (rasabham manah. vi(ash&hitah1

@0. The t rb lent senses4 ) :r; n-4 do violentl# "-rr# -w-# the 6ind of - wise 6-n tho gh he be striving (to "ontrol the6)H 5aani sarvaani samyamya yu2ta aaseeta ,ashe hi yasyendriyaani tasya (ra0naa (ratishthitaa. mat(arah1

@1. $-ving restr-ined the6 -ll he sho ld sit ste-df-st4 intent on 9eJ his wisdo6 is ste-d# whose senses -re nder "ontrol.

/1

-hyaayato vishayaan (umsah sangas Sangaat san0aayate 2aamah 2aamaat 2rodho6bhi0aayate.

teshu(a0aayate1

@2. When - 6-n thin<s of the ob;e"ts4 -tt-"h6ent to the6 -risesJ fro6 -tt-"h6ent desire is bornJ fro6 desire -nger -rises. +rodhaad bhavati sammohah sammohaat smriti Smritibhramshaad buddhinaasho buddhinaashaat (ranashyati. vibhramah1

@=. (ro6 -nger "o6es del sionJ fro6 del sion the loss of 6e6or#J fro6 loss of 6e6or# the destr "tion of dis"ri6in-tionJ fro6 the destr "tion of dis"ri6in-tion he perishes. )aagadwesha viyu2taistu vishayaanindriyaish&haran1 7atmavashyair vidheyaatmaa (rasaadamadhiga&&hati. @/. C t the self2"ontrolled 6-n4 6oving -6ongst ob;e"ts with the senses restr-int4 -nd free fro6 -ttr-"tion -nd rep lsion4 -tt-ins to pe-"e. Prasaade sarvaduh2haanaam haanir Prasanna&hetaso hyaashu buddhih (aryavatishthate. asyo(a0aayate1 nder

@>. %n th-t pe-"e -ll p-ins -re destro#ed4 for the intelle"t of the tr-nq il26inded soon be"o6es ste-d#. CO..ENTA6YG When pe-"e is -tt-ined -ll 6iseries end. .aasti buddhir ayu2tasya na &haayu2tasya .a &haabhaavayatah shaantir ashaantasya 2utah su2ham. bhaavanaa1

@@. There is no <nowledge of the !elf to the nste-d#4 -nd to the nste-d# no 6edit-tion is possibleJ -nd to the n26edit-tive there "-n be no pe-"eJ -nd to the 6-n who h-s no pe-"e4 how "-n there be h-ppinessM 9ndriyaanaam hi &harataam yanmano6nuvidheeyate1 5adasya harati (ra0naam vaayur naavam ivaambhasi. @A. (or the 6ind whi"h follows in the w-<e of the w-ndering senses4 "-rries -w-# his dis"ri6in-tion -s the wind ("-rries -w-#) - bo-t on the w-ters. 5asmaad yasya mahaabaaho nigriheetaani 9ndriyaaneendriyaarthebhyas tasya (ra0naa (ratishthitaa. sarvashah1

@B. Therefore4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 his <nowledge is ste-d# whose senses -re "o6pletel# restr-ined fro6 sense2ob;e"tsH /aanishaa sarvabhootaanaam tasyaam 0aagarti /asyaam 0aagrati bhootaani saa nishaa (ashyato muneh. samyamee1

/2

@0. Th-t whi"h is night to -ll beings4 then the self2"ontrolled 6-n is -w-<eJ when -ll beings -re -w-<e4 th-t is night for the s-ge who sees. CO..ENTA6YG The s-ge lives in the !elfJ this is d-# to hi6. $e is n"ons"io s of worldl# pheno6en-J this is li<e night to hi6. The ordin-r# 6-n is n"ons"io s of his re-l n-t re. !o life in the !elf is li<e night to hi6. $e eGperien"es sense2ob;e"tsJ this is d-# to hi6. 7a(ooryamaanam Samudram aa(ah 5adwat 2aamaa yam Sa shaantim aa(noti na 2aama2aami. a&hala(ratishtham (ravishanti (ravishanti yadwat1 sarve

A0. $e -tt-ins pe-"e into who6 -ll desires enter -s w-ters enter the o"e-n4 whi"h4 filled fro6 -ll sides4 re6-ins n6ovedJ b t not the 6-n who is f ll of desires. ,ihaaya 2aamaan yah sarvaan (umaamsh&harati .irmamo nirahan2aarah sa shaantim adhiga&&hati. nihs(rihah1

A1. The 6-n -tt-ins pe-"e4 who4 -b-ndoning -ll desires4 6oves -bo t witho t longing4 witho t the sense of 6ine -nd witho t egois6. 8shaa braahmee sthitih (aartha nainaam Sthitwaasyaamanta2aale6(i brahmanirvaanamri&&hati. (raa(ya vimuhyati1

A2. This is the Cr-h6i" se-t (etern-l st-te)4 ) son of ,rith-H :tt-ining to this4 none is del ded. Ceing est-blished therein4 even -t the end of life one -tt-ins to oneness with Cr-h6-n. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu /ogashaastre Sri Saan2hyayogo .aama -vitiyo6dhyaayah Brahmavidyaayaam +rishnaar0unasamvaade

Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the se"ond dis"o rse entitled: ;The San+h(a Yoga:

III The Yoga o% A&tion

S!mmar( o% Third Di &o!r e

/=

%n order to re6ove 9oh- or -tt-"h6ent4 whi"h w-s the sole "- se of :r; n-7s del sion4 !ri 8rishn- t- ght hi6 the i6perish-ble n-t re of the :t6-n4 the re-lis-tion of whi"h wo ld gr-nt hi6 the freedo6 of the Etern-l. : do bt therefore -rises in :r; n-7s 6ind -s to the ne"essit# of eng-ging in -"tion even -fter one h-s -tt-ined this st-te. !ri 8rishn- "le-rs this do bt b# telling hi6 th-t -ltho gh one h-s re-lised oneness with the Etern-l4 one h-s to perfor6 -"tion thro gh the for"e of ,r-<riti or '-t re. $e e6ph-sises th-t perfe"tion is -tt-ined not b# "e-sing to eng-ge in -"tion b t b# doing -ll -"tions -s - divine offering4 i6b ed with - spirit of non2-tt-"h6ent -nd s-"rifi"e. The 6-n of 3od2vision4 !ri 8rishn- eGpl-ins to :r; n-4 need not eng-ge in -"tion4 -s he h-s -tt-ined ever#thing th-t h-s to be -tt-ined. $e "-n be ever -bsorbed in the "-l6 -nd i66 t-ble !elf. C t to perfor6 -"tion for the good of the world -nd for the ed "-tion of the 6-sses is no do bt s perior. Therefore4 -"tion is ne"ess-r# not onl# for one who h-s -tt-ined perfe"tion b t -lso for one who is striving for perfe"tion. !ri 8rishn- q otes the eG-6ple of I-n-<-4 the gre-t s-ge2<ing of %ndi-4 who "ontin ed to r le his <ingdo6 even -fter -tt-ining 3od2re-lis-tion. ,r-<riti or '-t re is 6-de p of the three q -lities.?-;-s4 T-6-s -nd !-ttw-. The :t6-n is be#ond these three q -lities -nd their f n"tions. )nl# when <nowledge of this f-"t d-wns in 6-n does he -tt-in perfe"tion. The Lord tells :r; n- th-t e-"h one sho ld do his d t# -""ording to his n-t re4 -nd th-t doing d t# th-t is s ited to one7s n-t re in the right spirit of det-"h6ent will le-d to perfe"tion. :r; n- r-ises the q estion -s to wh# 6-n "o66its s "h -"tions th-t "lo d his 6ind -nd dr-g hi6 downw-rds4 b# for"e4 -s it were. !ri 8rishn- -nswers th-t it is desire th-t i6pels 6-n to lose his dis"ri6in-tion -nd nderst-nding4 -nd th s "o66it wrong -"tions. Desire is the root "- se of -ll evil -"tions. %f desire is re6oved4 then the divine power 6-nifests in its f ll glor# -nd one en;o#s pe-"e4 bliss4 light -nd freedo6. 7r0una 'vaa&ha Jyaayasee &het 2armanaste mataa 5at 2im 2armani ghore maam niyo0ayasi 2eshava. :r; n- s-id: 1. %f it be tho ght b# Thee th-t <nowledge is s perior to -"tion4 ) 8rishn-4 wh# then4 ) 8es-v-4 dost Tho -s< 6e to eng-ge in this terrible -"tionM ,yaamishreneva vaa2yena buddhim mohayaseeva 5ade2am vada nish&hitya yena shreyo6ham aa(nuyaam. me1 buddhir 0anaardana1

2. With these -pp-rentl# perpleGing words Tho "onf sest4 -s it were4 6# nderst-ndingJ therefore4 tell 6e th-t one w-# for "ert-in b# whi"h % 6-# -tt-in bliss.

//

!ri Ch-g-v--n 5v--"h-: ;o2e6smin dwividhaa nishthaa (uraa (ro2taa Jnaanayogena saan2hyaanaam 2armayogena yoginaam. The Clessed Lord s-id: =. %n this world there is - twofold p-th4 -s % s-id before4 ) sinless one4.the p-th of <nowledge of the !-n<h#-s -nd the p-th of -"tion of the +ogisH .a 2armanaam anaarambhaan naish2armyam .a &ha sannyasanaad eva siddhim samadhiga&&hati. (urusho6shnute1 mayaanagha1

/. 'ot b# the non2perfor6-n"e of -"tions does 6-n re-"h -"tionlessness4 nor b# 6ere ren n"i-tion does he -tt-in to perfe"tion. CO..ENTA6YG Even if - 6-n -b-ndons -"tion4 his 6ind 6-# be -"tive. )ne "-nnot re-"h perfe"tion or freedo6 fro6 -"tion or <nowledge of the !elf4 6erel# b# reno n"ing -"tion. $e 6 st possess <nowledge of the !elf. .a hi 2ash&hit 2shanama(i 0aatu +aaryate hyavashah 2arma sarvah (ra2riti0air gunaih. tishthatya2arma2rit1

>. &eril# none "-n ever re6-in for even - 6o6ent witho t perfor6ing -"tionJ for4 ever#one is 6-de to -"t helplessl# indeed b# the q -lities born of '-t re. CO..ENTA6YG The ignor-nt 6-n is driven to -"tion helplessl# b# the -"tions of the 3 n-s.?-;-s4 T-6-s -nd !-ttw-. +armendriyaani samyamya ya aaste manasaa 9ndriyaarthaan vimoodhaatmaa mithyaa&haarah sa u&hyate. smaran1

@. $e who4 restr-ining the org-ns of -"tion4 sits thin<ing of the sense2ob;e"ts in 6ind4 he4 of del ded nderst-nding4 is "-lled - h#po"rite. /astwindriyaani manasaa niyamyaarabhate6r0una1 +armendriyaih 2armayogam asa2tah sa vishishyate. A. C t whosoever4 "ontrolling the senses b# the 6ind4 ) :r; n-4 eng-ges hi6self in 8-r6- +og- with the org-ns of -"tion4 witho t -tt-"h6ent4 he eG"elsH .iyatam 2uru 2arma twam 2arma 0yaayo Shareerayaatraa(i &ha te na (rasiddhyed a2armanah. hya2armanah1

B. Do tho perfor6 th# bo nden d t#4 for -"tion is s perior to in-"tion -nd even the 6-inten-n"e of the bod# wo ld not be possible for thee b# in-"tion. /a0naarthaat 2armano6nyatra lo2o6yam 5adartham 2arma 2aunteya mu2tasangah samaa&hara. 2armabandhanah1

/>

0. The world is bo nd b# -"tions other th-n those perfor6ed for the s-<e of s-"rifi"eJ do tho 4 therefore4 ) son of 8 nti4 perfor6 -"tion for th-t s-<e (for s-"rifi"e) -lone4 free fro6 -tt-"h6entH CO..ENTA6YG %f -n#one does -"tions for the s-<e of the Lord4 he is not bo nd. $is he-rt is p rified b# perfor6ing -"tions for the s-<e of the Lord. Where this spirit of nselfishness does not govern the -"tion4 s "h -"tions bind one to worldliness4 however good or glorio s the# 6-# be. Sahaya0naah (ra0aah srishtwaa (urovaa&ha 7nena (rasavishyadhwam esha vo6stvishta2aamadhu2. (ra0aa(atih1

10. The *re-tor4 h-ving in the beginning of "re-tion "re-ted 6-n<ind together with s-"rifi"e4 s-id: EC# this sh-ll #e prop-g-teJ let this be the 6il"h "ow of #o r desires (the "ow whi"h #ields the desired ob;e"ts)F. -evaan bhaavayataanena te devaa bhaavayantu Paras(aram bhaavayantah shreyah (aram avaa(syatha. vah1

11. With this do #e no rish the gods4 -nd 6-# the gods no rish #o J th s no rishing one -nother4 #e sh-ll -tt-in to the highest good. 9shtaan bhogaan hi vo devaa daasyante 5air dattaan a(radaayaibhyo yo bhung2te stena eva sah. ya0nabhaavitaah1

12. The gods4 no rished b# the s-"rifi"e4 will give #o the desired ob;e"ts. !o4 he who en;o#s the ob;e"ts given b# the gods witho t offering (in ret rn) to the64 is veril# thief. /a0nashishtaashinah santo mu&hyante sarva Bhun0ate te twagham (aa(aa ye (a&hantyaatma 2aaranaat. 2ilbishaih1

1=. The righteo s4 who e-t of the re6n-nts of the s-"rifi"e4 -re freed fro6 -ll sinsJ b t those sinf l ones who "oo< food (onl#) for their own s-<e4 veril# e-t sin. 7nnaad bhavanti bhootaani (ar0anyaad /a0naad bhavati (ar0anyo ya0nah 2arma samudbhavah. anna sambhavah1

1/. (ro6 food "o6e forth beings4 -nd fro6 r-in food is prod "edJ fro6 s-"rifi"e -rises r-in4 -nd s-"rifi"e is born of -"tion. +arma brahmodbhavam viddhi brahmaa2shara 5asmaat sarvagatam brahma nityam ya0ne (ratishthitam. samudbhavam1

1>. 8now tho th-t -"tion "o6es fro6 Cr-h6-4 -nd Cr-h6- pro"eeds fro6 the %6perish-ble. Therefore4 the -ll2perv-ding (Cr-h6-) ever rests in s-"rifi"e. 8vam (ravartitam &ha2ram naanuvartayateeha 7ghaayur indriyaaraamo mogham (aartha sa 0eevati. yah1

/@

1@. $e who does not follow the wheel th s set revolving4 who is of sinf l life4 re;oi"ing in the senses4 he lives in v-in4 ) :r; n-H CO..ENTA6YG $e who does not follow the wheel b# st d#ing the ,edas -nd perfor6ing the s-"rifi"es pres"ribed therein4 b t who ind lges onl# in sens -l ple-s res4 lives in v-in. $e w-stes his life. /astwaatmaratir eva syaad aatmatri(tash&ha 7atmanyeva &ha santushtas tasya 2aaryam na vidyate. maanavah1

1A. C t for th-t 6-n who re;oi"es onl# in the !elf4 who is s-tisfied in the !elf4 who is "ontent in the !elf -lone4 veril# there is nothing to do. .aiva tasya 2ritenaartho naa2riteneha .a &haasya sarvabhooteshu 2ash&hidartha vya(aashrayah. 2ash&hana1

1B. (or hi6 there is no interest wh-tsoever in wh-t is done or wh-t is not doneJ nor does he depend on -n# being for -n# ob;e"t. CO..ENTA6YG The s-ge who re;oi"es in his own !elf does not g-in -n#thing b# doing -n# -"tion. To hi6 no re-l p rpose is served b# eng-ging in -n# -"tion. 'o evil "-n to "h hi6 -s - res lt of in-"tion. $e does not lose -n#thing b# being in-"tive. 5asmaad asa2tah satatam 2aaryam 2arma 7sa2to hyaa&haran 2arma (aram aa(noti (oorushah. samaa&hara1

10. Therefore4 witho t -tt-"h6ent4 do tho -lw-#s perfor6 -"tion whi"h sho ld be doneJ for4 b# perfor6ing -"tion witho t -tt-"h6ent 6-n re-"hes the ! pre6e. +armanaiva hi samsiddhim aasthitaa ;o2asangraham evaa(i sam(ashyan 2artum arhasi. 0ana2aadayah1

20. I-n-<- -nd others -tt-ined perfe"tion veril# b# -"tion onl#J even with - view to the prote"tion of the 6-sses tho sho ldst perfor6 -"tion. /adyad aa&harati shreshthas Sa yat (ramaanam 2urute lo2as tad anuvartate. tattadevetaro 0anah1

21. Wh-tsoever - gre-t 6-n does4 th-t other 6en -lso doJ wh-tever he sets p -s the st-nd-rd4 th-t the world follows. .a me (aarthaasti 2artavyam trishu .aanavaa(tam avaa(tavyam varta eva &ha 2armani. lo2eshu 2in&hana1

22. There is nothing in the three worlds4 ) :r; n-4 th-t sho ld be done b# 9e4 nor is there -n#thing n-tt-ined th-t sho ld be -tt-inedJ #et % eng-ge 9#self in -"tionH /adi hyaham na varteyam 0aatu 2armanyatandritah1 $ama vartmaanuvartante manushyaah (aartha sarvashah.

/A

2=. (or4 sho ld % not ever eng-ge 9#self in -"tion4 nwe-ried4 6en wo ld in ever# w-# follow 9# p-th4 ) :r; n-H 'tseedeyur ime lo2aa na 2uryaam 2arma San2arasya &ha 2artaa syaam u(ahanyaam imaah (ra0aah. &hed aham1

2/. These worlds wo ld perish if % did not perfor6 -"tionJ % sho ld be the - thor of "onf sion of "-stes -nd destr "tion of these beings. Sa2taah 2armanyavidwaamso yathaa 2urvanti +uryaad vidwaam stathaa sa2tash &hi2eershur lo2asangraham. bhaarata1

2>. :s the ignor-nt 6en -"t fro6 -tt-"h6ent to -"tion4 ) Ch-r-t- (:r; n-)4 so sho ld the wise -"t witho t -tt-"h6ent4 wishing the welf-re of the worldH .a buddhibhedam 0anayed a0naanaam Joshayet sarva 2armaani vidwaan yu2tah samaa&haran. 2armasanginaam1

2@. Let no wise 6-n nsettle the 6inds of ignor-nt people who -re -tt-"hed to -"tionJ he sho ld eng-ge the6 in -ll -"tions4 hi6self f lfilling the6 with devotion. Pra2riteh 2riyamaanaani gunaih 2armaani 7ham2aaravimoodhaatmaa 2artaaham iti manyate. sarvashah1

2A. :ll -"tions -re wro ght in -ll "-ses b# the q -lities of '-t re onl#. $e whose 6ind is del ded b# egois6 thin<s: E% -6 the doerF. CO..ENTA6YG ,r-<riti or '-t re is th-t st-te in whi"h the three 3 n-s eGist in st-te of eq ilibri 6. When this eq ilibri 6 is dist rbed4 "re-tion begins -nd the bod#4 senses -nd 6ind -re for6ed. The 6-n who is del ded b# egois6 identifies the !elf with the bod#4 6ind4 the life2for"e -nd the senses4 -nd -s"ribes to the !elf -ll the -ttrib tes of the bod# -nd the senses. %n re-lit# the 3 n-s of n-t re perfor6 -ll -"tions. 5attwavittu mahaabaaho guna2arma Gunaa guneshu vartanta iti matwaa na sa00ate. vibhaagayoh1

2B. C t he who <nows the tr th4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 -bo t the divisions of the q -lities -nd their f n"tions4 <nowing th-t the 3 n-s -s senses 6ove -6idst the 3 n-s -s the sense2ob;e"ts4 is not -tt-"hed. Pra2riter gunasammoodhaah sa00ante 5aan a2ritsnavido mandaan 2ritsnavin na vi&haalayet. guna2armasu1

20. Those del ded b# the q -lities of '-t re -re -tt-"hed to the f n"tions of the q -lities. : 6-n of perfe"t <nowledge sho ld not nsettle the foolish one of i6perfe"t <nowledge. $ayi sarvaani 2armaani sannyasyaadhyaatma .iraasheer nirmamo bhootwaa yudhyaswa vigata0warah. &hetasaa1

/B

=0. ?eno n"ing -ll -"tions in 9e4 with the 6ind "entred in the !elf4 free fro6 hope -nd egois64 -nd fro6 (6ent-l) fever4 do tho fight. CO..ENTA6YG ! rrender -ll -"tions to 9e with the tho ght: E% perfor6 -ll -"tions for the s-<e of the Lord onl#.F /e me matam idam nityam anutishthanti Shraddhaavanto6nasooyanto mu&hyante te6(i 2armabhih. maanavaah1

=1. Those 6en who "onst-ntl# pr-"tise this te-"hing of 9ine with f-ith -nd witho t "-villing4 the# too -re freed fro6 -"tions. /e twetad abhyasooyanto naanutishthanti Sarva0naanavimoodhaam staan viddhi nashtaan a&hetasah. me matam1

=2. C t those who "-rp -t 9# te-"hing -nd do not pr-"tise it4 del ded in -ll <nowledge -nd devoid of dis"ri6in-tion4 <now the6 to be doo6ed to destr "tion. Sadrisham &heshtate swasyaah (ra2riter Pra2ritim yaanti bhootaani nigrahah 2im 2arishyati. 0naanavaan a(i1

==. Even - wise 6-n -"ts in -""ord-n"e with his own n-t reJ beings will follow n-t reJ wh-t "-n restr-int doM CO..ENTA6YG )nl# the ignor-nt 6-n "o6es nder the sw-# of his n-t r-l propensities. The see<er -fter Tr th who is endowed with the N(o r 9e-ns7 -nd who "onst-ntl# pr-"tises 6edit-tion4 "-n e-sil# "ontrol '-t re if he rises -bove the sw-# of the p-irs of opposites4 li<e love -nd h-te4 et". 9ndriyasyendriyasyaarthe raagadweshau 5ayor na vasham aaga&&het tau hyasya (ari(anthinau. vyavasthitau1

=/. :tt-"h6ent -nd -version for the ob;e"ts of the senses -bide in the sensesJ let none "o6e nder their sw-#4 for the# -re his foes. Shreyaan swadharmo vigunah (aradharmaat Swadharme nidhanam shreyah (aradharmo bhayaavahah. swanushthitaat1

=>. Cetter is one7s own d t#4 tho gh devoid of 6erit4 th-n the d t# of -nother well dis"h-rged. Cetter is de-th in one7s own d t#J the d t# of -nother is fr- ght with fe-r. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: 7tha 2ena (rayu2to6yam (aa(am 7ni&&hann a(i vaarshneya balaad iva niyo0itah. :r; n- s-id: =@. C t i6pelled b# wh-t does 6-n "o66it sin4 tho gh -g-inst his wishes4 ) &-rshne#- (8rishn-)4 "onstr-ined4 -s it were4 b# for"eM /0 &harati (oorushah1

Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: +aama esha 2rodha esha ra0oguna $ahaashano mahaa(aa(maa viddhyenam iha vairinam. The Clessed Lord s-id: =A. %t is desire4 it is -nger born of the q -lit# of ?-;-s4 -ll2sinf l -nd -ll2devo ringJ <now this -s the foe here (in this world). -hoomenaavriyate vahnir yathaadarsho /atholbenaavrito garbhas tathaa tenedam aavritam. malena &ha1 samudbhavah1

=B. :s fire is enveloped b# s6o<e4 -s - 6irror b# d st4 -nd -s -n e6br#o b# the -6nion4 so is this enveloped b# th-t. 7avritam 0naanam etena 0naanino +aamaroo(ena 2aunteya dush(oorenaanalena &ha. nityavairinaa1

=0. ) :r; n-4 wisdo6 is enveloped b# this "onst-nt ene6# of the wise in the for6 of desire4 whi"h is n-ppe-s-ble -s fireH 9ndriyaani mano buddhir asyaadhishthaanam 8tair vimohayatyesha 0naanam aavritya dehinam. u&hyate1

/0. The senses4 6ind -nd intelle"t -re s-id to be its se-tJ thro gh these it del des the e6bodied b# veiling his wisdo6. 5asmaat twam indriyaanyaadau niyamya Paa(maanam (ra0ahi hyenam 0naana vi0naana naashanam. bharatarshabha1

/1. Therefore4 ) best of the Ch-r-t-s (:r; n-)4 "ontrolling the senses first4 do tho <ill this sinf l thing (desire)4 the destro#er of <nowledge -nd re-lis-tionH 9ndriyaani (araanyaahur indriyebhyah $anasastu (araa buddhir yo buddheh (aratastu sah. (aram manah1

/2. The# s-# th-t the senses -re s perior (to the bod#)J s perior to the senses is the 6indJ s perior to the 6ind is the intelle"tJ -nd one who is s perior even to the intelle"t is $e.the !elf. 8vam buddheh (aram buddhwaa samstabhyaatmaanam Jahi shatrum mahaabaaho 2aamaroo(am duraasadam. aatmanaa1

/=. Th s4 <nowing $i6 who is s perior to the intelle"t -nd restr-ining the self b# the !elf4 sl-# tho 4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 the ene6# in the for6 of desire4 h-rd to "onq erH CO..ENTA6YG ?estr-in the lower self b# the higher !elf. ! bd e the lower 6ind b# the higher 6ind. %t is diffi" lt to "onq er desire be"- se it is of - highl# "o6pleG >0

-nd in"o6prehensible n-t re. C t - 6-n of dis"ri6in-tion -nd disp-ssion4 who does "onst-nt -nd intense !-dh-n-4 "-n "onq er it q ite e-sil#. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade +armayogo .aama 5ritiyo6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the third dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% A&tion:

IV The Yoga o% 9i dom

S!mmar( o% Fo!rth Di &o!r e
Lord 8rishn- de"l-res th-t $e is born fro6 -ge to -ge4 in order to r-ise 6-n -nd t-<e hi6 to the ! pre6e. Whenever there is - prev-len"e of nrighteo sness -nd the world is r led b# the for"es of d-r<ness4 the Lord 6-nifests $i6self to destro# these -dverse for"es -nd to est-blish pe-"e4 order -nd h-r6on#. $en"e we see the -ppe-r-n"e of the gre-t s-vio rs of the world. Wh-t is the se"ret of +ogi" -"tionM This the Lord pro"eeds to eGpl-in to :r; n-. Even tho gh one is not eng-ged in -"tion4 b t if the 6ind is -"tive with the ide- of doership -nd egois64 then it is -"tion in in-"tion. )n the other h-nd4 tho gh eng-ged ph#si"-ll# in intense -"tion4 if the ide- of -gen"# is -bsent4 if one feels th-t ,r-<riti does ever#thing4 it is in-"tion in -"tion. The liber-ted 6-n is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent -nd is -lw-#s "-l6 -nd serene tho gh eng-ged in "e-seless -"tion. $e is n-ffe"ted b# the p-irs of opposites li<e ;o# -nd grief4 s ""ess -nd f-il re. )ne who h-s tr e nion with the Lord is not s b;e"t to rebirth. $e -tt-ins i66ort-lit#. ! "h - nion "-n onl# be -"hieved when one is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent4 fe-r -nd -nger4 being thoro ghl# p rified b# right <nowledge. The Lord -""epts the devotion of -ll4 wh-tever p-th the# 6-# se to -ppro-"h $i6. &-rio s <inds of s-"rifi"es -re perfor6ed b# those eng-ged in the p-th to 3od. Thro gh the pr-"ti"e of these s-"rifi"es the 6ind is p rified -nd led 3odw-rd. $ere -lso there 6 st be the spirit of non2-tt-"h6ent to the fr its of -"tions. Divine wisdo64 -""ording to !ri 8rishn-4 sho ld be so ght -t the feet of - liber-ted 3 r 4 one who h-s re-lised the Tr th. The -spir-nt sho ld -ppro-"h s "h - s-ge in spirit of h 6ilit# -nd devotion. 3od $i6self 6-nifests in the he-rt of the 3 r -nd instr "ts the dis"iple. $-ving nderstood the Tr th fro6 the 3 r b# dire"t int itive eGperien"e the -spir-nt is no longer del ded b# ignor-n"e. >1

The liber-ted -spir-nt dire"tl# beholds the !elf in -ll beings -nd -ll beings in the !elf. $e "ognises thro gh intern-l eGperien"e or int ition th-t -ll beings4 fro6 the *re-tor down to - bl-de of gr-ss4 eGist in his own !elf -nd -lso in 3od. :r; n- is given the 6ost he-rtening -ss r-n"e th-t divine wisdo6 liber-tes even the 6ost sinf l. When <nowledge of the !elf d-wns4 -ll -"tions with their res lts -re b rnt b# the fire of th-t <nowledge4 ; st -s f el is b rnt b# fire. When there is no ide- of egois64 when there is no desire for the fr its of one7s -"tions4 -"tions -re no -"tions. The# lose their poten"#. %n order to -tt-in divine wisdo6 one 6 st h-ve s pre6e f-ith -nd devotion. (-ith is therefore the 6ost i6port-nt q -lifi"-tion for - spirit -l -spir-nt. The do bting 6ind is -lw-#s led -str-# fro6 the right p-th. (-ith lti6-tel# "onfers divine <nowledge4 whi"h re6oves ignor-n"e on"e -nd for -ll. 9ere intelle"t -l <nowledge does not le-d to liber-tion. %t "-nnot gr-nt one s pre6e pe-"e -nd freedo6. When one h-s -"hieved "o6plete self26-ster# -nd self2"ontrol4 when one h-s intense f-ith -nd devotion4 then tr e <nowledge d-wns within -nd one -tt-ins liber-tion -nd freedo6 fro6 -ll we-<nesses -nd sins. The Lord "on"l des b# e6ph-sising th-t the so l th-t do bts goes to destr "tion. Witho t f-ith in oneself4 in the s"ript res -nd in the words of the pre"eptor4 one "-nnot 6-<e -n# he-dw-# on the spirit -l p-th. %t is do bt th-t prevents one fro6 eng-ging in spirit -l !-dh-n- -nd re-lising the highest <nowledge -nd bliss. C# following the instr "tions of the 3 r -nd thro gh sin"ere servi"e4 one7s do bts -re rent -s nder -nd divine <nowledge 6-nifests itself within. !pirit -l progress then goes on -t - r-pid p-"e. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 9mam vivaswate yogam (ro2tavaan aham ,ivaswaan manave (raaha manur i2shwaa2ave6braveet. The Clessed Lord s-id: 1. % t- ght this i6perish-ble +og- to &iv-sv-nJ he told it to 9-n J 9-n pro"l-i6ed it to %<shv-< . 8vam (aram(araa (raa(tam imam Sa 2aaleneha mahataa yogo nashtah (aranta(a. raa0arshayo viduh1 avyayam1

2. This4 h-nded down th s in reg l-r s ""ession4 the ro#-l s-ges <new. This +og-4 b# - long l-pse of ti6e4 h-s been lost here4 ) ,-r-nt-p- (b rner of foes)H CO..ENTA6YG The ro#-l s-ges were <ings who -t the s-6e ti6e possessed divine <nowledge. The# le-rnt this +og-. Sa evaayam mayaa te6dya yogah (ro2tah Bha2to6si me sa2haa &heti rahasyam hyetad uttamam. (uraatanah1

>2

=. Th-t s-6e -n"ient +og- h-s been tod-# t- ght to thee b# 9e4 for4 tho -rt 9# devotee -nd friendJ it is the s pre6e se"ret. CO..ENTA6YG This -n"ient +og- "onsists of profo nd -nd s btle te-"hings. $en"e it is the s pre6e se"ret whi"h the Lord reve-ls to :r; n-. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: 7(aram bhavato 0anma (aram 0anma +atham etadvi0aaneeyaam twam aadau (ro2tavaan iti. :r; n- s-id: /. L-ter on w-s Th# birth4 -nd prior to it w-s the birth of &iv-sv-n (the ! n)J how -6 % to nderst-nd th-t Tho didst te-"h this +og- in the beginningM Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Bahooni me vyateetaani 0anmaani 5aanyaham veda sarvaani na twam vettha (aranta(a. The Clessed Lord s-id: >. 9-n# births of 9ine h-ve p-ssed4 -s well -s of thine4 ) :r; n-H % <now the6 -ll b t tho <nowest not4 ) ,-r-nt-p-H 70o6(i sannavyayaatmaa bhootaanaam eeshwaro6(i Pra2ritim swaam adhishthaaya sambhavaamyaatmamaayayaa. san1 tava &haar0una1 vivaswatah1

@. Tho gh % -6 nborn -nd of i6perish-ble n-t re4 -nd tho gh % -6 the Lord of -ll beings4 #et4 r ling over 9# own '-t re4 % -6 born b# 9# own 9-#-. /adaa yadaa hi dharmasya glaanir bhavati 7bhyutthaanam adharmasya tadaatmaanam sri0aamyaham. bhaarata1

A. Whenever there is - de"line of righteo sness4 ) :r; n-4 -nd rise of nrighteo sness4 then % 6-nifest 9#selfH CO..ENTA6YG Th-t whi"h elev-tes - 6-n -nd helps hi6 to re-"h the go-l of life -nd -tt-in <nowledge is Dh-r6- (righteo sness)J th-t whi"h dr-gs hi6 into worldliness is nrighteo sness. Th-t whi"h helps - 6-n to -tt-in liber-tion is Dh-r6-J th-t whi"h 6-<es hi6 irreligio s is :dh-r6- or nrighteo sness. Paritraanaaya saadhoonaam vinaashaaya &ha -harma samsthaa(anaarthaaya sambhavaami yuge yuge. dush2ritaam1

B. (or the prote"tion of the good4 for the destr "tion of the wi"<ed4 -nd for the est-blish6ent of righteo sness4 % -6 born in ever# -ge.

>=

Janma 2arma &ha me divyam evam 5ya2twa deham (unar0anma naiti maameti so6r0una.

yo

vetti

tattwatah1

0. $e who th s <nows in tr e light 9# divine birth -nd -"tion4 -fter h-ving -b-ndoned the bod# is not born -g-inJ he "o6es to 9e4 ) :r; n-H ,eetaraagabhaya2rodhaa manmayaa maam Bahavo 0naana ta(asaa (ootaa madbhaavam aagataah. u(aashritaah1

10. (reed fro6 -tt-"h6ent4 fe-r -nd -nger4 -bsorbed in 9e4 t-<ing ref ge in 9e4 p rified b# the fire of <nowledge4 6-n# h-ve -tt-ined to 9# Ceing. /e yathaa maam (ra(adyante taamstathaiva $ama vartmaanuvartante manushyaah (aartha sarvashah. bha0aamyaham1

11. %n wh-tever w-# 6en -ppro-"h 9e4 even so do % rew-rd the6J 9# p-th do 6en tre-d in -ll w-#s4 ) :r; n-H +aang2shantah 2armanaam siddhim ya0anta +shi(ram hi maanushe lo2e siddhir bhavati 2arma0aa. iha devataah1

12. Those who long for s ""ess in -"tion in this world s-"rifi"e to the gods4 be"- se s ""ess is q i"<l# -tt-ined b# 6en thro gh -"tion. Chaaturvarnyam mayaa srishtam guna2arma 5asya 2artaaram a(i maam viddhya2artaaram avyayam. vibhaagashah1

1=. The fo rfold "-ste h-s been "re-ted b# 9e -""ording to the differenti-tion of 3 n- -nd 8-r6-J tho gh % -6 the - thor thereof4 <now 9e -s the non2doer -nd i66 t-ble. CO..ENTA6YG The fo r "-stes -re Cr-h6-n-4 8sh-tri#-4 &-is#- -nd ! dr-. This division is -""ording to the 3 n- -nd 8-r6-. 3 n- is q -lit#. 8-r6- is the <ind of wor<. Coth 3 n- -nd 8-r6- deter6ine the "-ste of - 6-n. %n - Cr-h6-n-4 !-ttw- predo6in-tes. $e possesses serenit#4 p rit#4 self2restr-int4 str-ightforw-rdness -nd devotion. %n - 8sh-tri#-4 ?-;-s predo6in-tes. $e possesses prowess4 splendo r4 fir6ness4 deGterit#4 generosit# -nd r lership. %n - &-is#-4 ?-;-s predo6in-tes -nd T-6-s is s bordin-te to ?-;-s. $e does the d t# of plo ghing4 prote"tion of "-ttle -nd tr-de. %n - ! dr-4 T-6-s predo6in-tes -nd ?-;-s is s bordin-te to the q -lit# of T-6-s. $e renders servi"e to the other three "-stes. $ 6-n te6per-6ents -nd tenden"ies v-r# -""ording to the 3 n-s. .a maam 2armaani lim(anti na me 9ti maam yo6bhi0aanaati 2armabhir na sa badhyate. 2arma(hale s(rihaa1

>/

1/. :"tions do not t-int 9e4 nor h-ve % - desire for the fr its of -"tions. $e who <nows 9e th s is not bo nd b# -"tions. 8vam 0naatwaa 2ritam 2arma (oorvair a(i +uru 2armaiva tasmaat twam (oorvaih (oorvataram 2ritam. mumu2shubhih1

1>. $-ving <nown this4 the -n"ient see<ers -fter freedo6 -lso perfor6ed -"tionsJ therefore4 do tho perfor6 -"tions -s did the -n"ients in d-#s of #ore. +im 2arma 2im a2armeti 2avayo6(yatra 5at te 2arma (rava2shyaami ya00naatwaa mo2shyase6shubhaat. mohitaah1

1@. Wh-t is -"tionM Wh-t is in-"tionM :s to this even the wise -re "onf sed. Therefore4 % sh-ll te-"h thee s "h -"tion (the n-t re of -"tion -nd in-"tion)4 b# <nowing whi"h tho sh-lt be liber-ted fro6 the evil (of !-6s-r-4 the world of birth -nd de-th). +armano hya(i boddhavyam boddhavyam 72armanash&ha boddhavyam gahanaa 2armano gatih. &ha vi2armanah1

1A. (or4 veril# the tr e n-t re of -"tion (en;oined b# the s"ript res) sho ld be <nown4 -lso (th-t) of forbidden (or nl-wf l) -"tion4 -nd of in-"tionJ h-rd to nderst-nd is the n-t re (p-th) of -"tion. +armanya2arma yah (ashyed a2armani &ha Sa buddhimaan manushyeshu sa yu2tah 2ritsna2arma2rit. 2arma yah1

1B. $e who seeth in-"tion in -"tion -nd -"tion in in-"tion4 he is wise -6ong 6enJ he is - +ogi -nd perfor6er of -ll -"tions. CO..ENTA6YG %t is the ide- of -gen"#4 the ide- of E% -6 the doerF th-t binds 6-n to worldliness. %f this ide- v-nishes4 -"tion is no -"tion -t -ll. %t does not bind one to worldliness. This is in-"tion in -"tion. C t if - 6-n sits q ietl#4 thin<ing of -"tions -nd th-t he is their doer4 he is ever doing -"tions. This is referred to -s -"tion in in-"tion. /asya sarve samaarambhaah 2aamasan2al(a Jnaanaagni dagdha2armaanam tam aahuh (anditam budhaah. var0itaah1

10. $e whose ndert-<ings -re -ll devoid of desires -nd (selfish) p rposes4 -nd whose -"tions h-ve been b rnt b# the fire of <nowledge4.hi6 the wise "-ll - s-ge. 5ya2twaa 2arma(halaasangam nityatri(to +armanyabhi(ravritto6(i naiva 2in&hit 2aroti sah. niraashrayah1

20. $-ving -b-ndoned -tt-"h6ent to the fr it of the -"tion4 ever "ontent4 depending on nothing4 he does not do -n#thing tho gh eng-ged in -"tivit#. .iraasheer yata&hittaatmaa tya2tasarva(arigrahah1 Shaareeram 2evalam 2arma 2urvannaa(noti 2ilbisham. >>

21. Witho t hope -nd with the 6ind -nd the self "ontrolled4 h-ving -b-ndoned -ll greed4 doing 6ere bodil# -"tion4 he in" rs no sin. /adri&&haalaabhasantushto dwandwaateeto Samah siddhaavasiddhau &ha 2ritwaa(i na nibadhyate. vimatsarah1

22. *ontent with wh-t "o6es to hi6 witho t effort4 free fro6 the p-irs of opposites -nd env#4 even26inded in s ""ess -nd f-il re4 tho gh -"ting4 he is not bo nd. Gatasangasya mu2tasya 0naanaavasthita&hetasah1 /a0naayaa&haratah 2arma samagram (ravileeyate. 2=. To one who is devoid of -tt-"h6ent4 who is liber-ted4 whose 6ind is est-blished in <nowledge4 who wor<s for the s-<e of s-"rifi"e (for the s-<e of 3od)4 the whole -"tion is dissolved. Brahmaar(anam brahmahavirbrahmaagnau brahmanaa Brahmaiva tena gantavyam brahma2armasamaadhinaa. hutam1

2/. Cr-h6-n is the obl-tionJ Cr-h6-n is the 6elted b tter (ghee)J b# Cr-h6-n is the obl-tion po red into the fire of Cr-h6-nJ Cr-h6-n veril# sh-ll be re-"hed b# hi6 who -lw-#s sees Cr-h6-n in -"tion. CO..ENTA6YG This is wisdo62s-"rifi"e4 wherein the ide- of Cr-h6-n is s bstit ted for the ide-s of the instr 6ent -nd other -""essories of -"tion4 the ide- of -"tion itself -nd its res lts. C# h-ving s "h -n ide- the whole -"tion 6elts -w-#. -aivam evaa(are ya0nam yoginah Brahmaagnaava(are ya0nam ya0nenaivo(a0uhwati. (aryu(aasate1

2>. !o6e +ogis perfor6 s-"rifi"e to the gods -lone4 while others (who h-ve re-lised the !elf) offer the !elf -s s-"rifi"e b# the !elf in the fire of Cr-h6-n -lone. Shrotraadeeneendriyaanyanye samyamaagnishu Shabdaadeen vishayaananya indriyaagnishu 0uhwati. 0uhwati1

2@. !o6e -g-in offer he-ring -nd other senses -s s-"rifi"e in the fire of restr-intJ others offer so nd -nd v-rio s ob;e"ts of the senses -s s-"rifi"e in the fire of the senses. Sarvaaneendriya 2armaani (raana2armaani 7atmasamyamayogaagnau 0uhwati 0naanadee(ite. &haa(are1

2A. )thers -g-in s-"rifi"e -ll the f n"tions of the senses -nd those of the bre-th (vit-l energ# or ,r-n-) in the fire of the +og- of self2restr-int <indled b# <nowledge. -ravyaya0naas ta(oya0naa yogaya0naastathaa(are1 Swaadhyaaya0naana ya0naash&ha yatayah samshitavrataah.

>@

2B. !o6e -g-in offer we-lth4 - sterit# -nd +og- -s s-"rifi"e4 while the -s"eti"s of self2restr-int -nd rigid vows offer st d# of s"ript res -nd <nowledge -s s-"rifi"e. 7(aane 0uhwati (raanam (raane6(aanam Praanaa(aana gatee ruddhwaa (raanaayaama(araayanaah. tathaa6(are1

20. )thers offer -s s-"rifi"e the o tgoing bre-th in the in"o6ing4 -nd the in"o6ing in the o tgoing4 restr-ining the "o rses of the o tgoing -nd the in"o6ing bre-ths4 solel# -bsorbed in the restr-int of the bre-th. CO..ENTA6YG !o6e +ogis pr-"tise inh-l-tion4 so6e pr-"tise eGh-l-tion4 -nd so6e retention of bre-th. This is ,r-n-#-6-. 7(are niyataahaaraah (raanaan Sarve6(yete ya0navido ya0na2sha(ita 2almashaah. (raaneshu 0uhwati1

=0. )thers who reg l-te their diet offer life2bre-ths in life2bre-thsJ -ll these -re <nowers of s-"rifi"e4 whose sins -re -ll destro#ed b# s-"rifi"e. /a0nashishtaamritabhu0o yaanti brahma .aayam lo2o6styaya0nasya 2uto6nyah 2urusattama. sanaatanam1

=1. Those who e-t the re6n-nts of the s-"rifi"e4 whi"h -re li<e ne"t-r4 go to the etern-l Cr-h6-n. This world is not for the 6-n who does not perfor6 s-"rifi"eJ how then "-n he h-ve the other4 ) :r; n-M CO..ENTA6YG The# go to the etern-l Cr-h6-n -fter -tt-ining <nowledge of the !elf thro gh p rifi"-tion of the 6ind b# perfor6ing the -bove s-"rifi"es. $e who does not perfor6 -n# of these is not fit even for this 6iser-ble world. $ow then "-n he hope to get - better world th-n thisM 8vam bahuvidhaa ya0naa vitataa brahmano +arma0aan viddhi taan sarvaan evam 0naatwaa vimo2shyase. mu2he1

=2. Th s4 v-rio s <inds of s-"rifi"es -re spre-d o t before Cr-h6-n (liter-ll# -t the 6o th or f-"e of Cr-h6-n). 8now the6 -ll -s born of -"tion4 -nd <nowing th s4 tho sh-lt be liber-ted. Shreyaan dravyamayaadya0naa0 0naanaya0nah Sarvam 2armaa2hilam (aartha 0naane (arisamaa(yate. (aranta(a1

==. ! perior is wisdo62s-"rifi"e to s-"rifi"e with ob;e"ts4 ) ,-r-nt-p-H :ll -"tions in their entiret#4 ) :r; n-4 " l6in-te in <nowledgeH 5adviddhi (rani(aatena (ari(rashnena '(ade2shyanti te 0naanam 0naaninas tattwadarshinah. sevayaa1

=/. 8now th-t b# long prostr-tion4 b# q estion -nd b# servi"e4 the wise who h-ve re-lised the Tr th will instr "t thee in (th-t) <nowledge.

>A

/a00naatwaa na (unarmoham evam yaasyasi /ena bhootaanyasheshena dra2shyasyaatmanyatho mayi.

(aandava1

=>. 8nowing th-t4 tho sh-lt not4 ) :r; n-4 -g-in be"o6e del ded li<e thisJ -nd b# th-t tho sh-lt see -ll beings in th# !elf -nd -lso in 9eH 7(i &hedasi (aa(ebhyah sarvebhyah Sarvam 0naana(lavenaiva vri0inam santarishyasi. (aa(a2rittamah1

=@. Even if tho -rt the 6ost sinf l of -ll sinners4 #et tho sh-lt veril# "ross -ll sins b# the r-ft of <nowledge. CO..ENTA6YG )ne "-n over"o6e sin thro gh !elf2<nowledge. /athaidhaamsi samiddho6gnir bhasmasaat Jnaanaagnih sarva2armaani bhasmasaat 2urute tathaa. 2urute6r0una1

=A. :s the bl-King fire red "es f el to -shes4 ) :r; n-4 so does the fire of <nowledge red "e -ll -"tions to -shesH .a hi 0naanena sadrisham (avitram 5at swayam yogasamsiddhah 2aalenaatmani vindati. iha vidyate1

=B. &eril# there is no p rifier in this world li<e <nowledge. $e who is perfe"ted in +og- finds it in the !elf in ti6e. Shraddhaavaan labhate 0naanam tat(arah Jnaanam labdhvaa (araam shaantim a&hirenaadhiga&&hati. samyatendriyah1

=0. The 6-n who is f ll of f-ith4 who is devoted to it4 -nd who h-s s bd ed -ll the senses4 obt-ins (this) <nowledgeJ -nd4 h-ving obt-ined the <nowledge4 he goes -t on"e to the s pre6e pe-"e. 70nash&haashraddhadhaanash&ha samshayaatmaa .aayam lo2o6sti na (aro na su2ham samshayaatmanah. vinashyati1

/0. The ignor-nt4 the f-ithless4 the do bting self pro"eeds to destr "tionJ there is neither this world nor the other nor h-ppiness for the do bting. /ogasannyasta 2armaanam 0naanasam&&hinnasamshayam1 7atmavantam na 2armaani nibadhnanti dhanan0aya. /1. $e who h-s reno n"ed -"tions b# +og-4 whose do bts -re rent -s nder b# <nowledge4 -nd who is self2possessed4.-"tions do not bind hi64 ) :r; n-H 5asmaad a0naanasambhootam hritstham 0naanaasinaatmanah1 C&hittwainam samshayam yogam aatishthottishtha bhaarata. /2. Therefore4 with the sword of <nowledge (of the !elf) " t -s nder the do bt of the self born of ignor-n"e4 residing in th# he-rt4 -nd t-<e ref ge in +og-J -rise4 ) :r; n-H >B

<ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade Jnaanavibhaagayogo .aama Chaturtho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the fo rth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% 9i dom:

V The Yoga o% 6en!n&iation o% A&tion

S!mmar( o% Fi%th Di &o!r e
%n spite of !ri 8rishn-7s "le-r instr "tions4 :r; n- still see6s to be bewildered. $e w-nts to <now "on"l sivel# whi"h is s perior4 the p-th of -"tion or the p-th of ren n"i-tion of -"tion. The Lord s-#s th-t both the p-ths le-d to the highest go-l of 3od2re-lis-tion. %n both "-ses the fin-l re-lis-tion of the :t6-n is the -i64 b t the p-th of 8-r6- +og- is s perior. :"t -ll# there is no re-l differen"e between the two. 8rishn- f rther -sserts th-t perfe"tion "-n be -tt-ined -nd one "-n be est-blished in the :t6-n onl# -fter the 6ind h-s been p rified thro gh the perfor6-n"e of selfless -"tion. The 8-r6- +ogi who is -w-re of the :t6-n -nd who is "onst-ntl# eng-ged in -"tion <nows th-t -ltho gh the intelle"t4 6ind -nd senses -re -"tive4 he does not do -n#thing. $e is - spe"t-tor of ever#thing. $e dedi"-tes -ll his -"tions to the Lord -nd th s -b-ndons -tt-"h6ent4 ever re6-ining p re -nd n-ffe"ted. $e s rrenders hi6self "o6pletel# to the Divine !h-<ti. $-ving "o6pletel# rooted o t -ll desires4 -tt-"h6ents -nd the ego4 he is not born -g-in. The s-ge who h-s re-lised Cr-h6-n -nd is -lw-#s -bsorbed in %t does not h-ve -n# rebirth. ! "h - s-ge sees Cr-h6-n within -nd witho t.within -s the st-ti" -nd tr-ns"endent Cr-h6-n4 -nd witho t -s the entire niverse. $e sees the one !elf in -ll beings -nd "re-t res.in - "ow4 -n eleph-nt4 -nd even in - dog -nd -n o t"-ste. $e is ever free fro6 ;o# -nd grief -nd en;o#s etern-l pe-"e -nd h-ppiness. $e does not depend pon the senses for his s-tisf-"tion. )n the other h-nd the en;o#6ents of the senses -re gener-tors of p-in. The# -re i6per6-nent. !ri 8rishn- re6inds :r; n- th-t desire is the 6-in "- se of p-in -nd s ffering. %t is the "- se of -nger. Therefore4 the -spir-nt sho ld tr# to er-di"-te desire -nd -nger if he is to re-"h the ! pre6e. The Lord "on"l des b# des"ribing how to "ontrol the senses4 6ind -nd intelle"t b# "on"entr-ting between the e#ebrows -nd pr-"tising ,r-n-#-6-. )ne who h-s -"hieved perfe"t "ontrol of the o tgoing senses -nd is freed fro6 desire4 -nger -nd fe-r -tt-ins liber-tion -nd en;o#s perfe"t pe-"e. >0

7r0una 'vaa&ha: Sannyaasam 2armanaam 2rishna (unar /a&&hreya etayore2am tanme broohi sunish&hitam. :r; n- s-id: 1. ?en n"i-tion of -"tions4 ) 8rishn-4 Tho "on"l sivel# whi"h is the better of the two. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Sannyaasah 2armayogash&ha nihshreyasa2araa 5ayostu 2armasannyaasaat 2armayogo vishishyate. The Clessed Lord s-id: 2. ?en n"i-tion -nd the +og- of -"tion both le-d to the highest blissJ b t of the two4 the +og- of -"tion is s perior to the ren n"i-tion of -"tion. Jneyah sa nityasannyaasi yo na dweshti na .irdwandwo hi mahaabaaho su2ham bandhaat (ramu&hyate. 2aang2shati1 vubhau1 pr-isest4 -nd -g-in +og-H Tell 6e yogam &ha shamsasi1

=. $e sho ld be <nown -s - perpet -l !-nn#-sin who neither h-tes nor desiresJ for4 free fro6 the p-irs of opposites4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 he is e-sil# set free fro6 bond-geH CO..ENTA6YG : 6-n does not be"o6e - !-nn#-sin b# 6erel# giving p -"tions d e to l-Kiness4 ignor-n"e4 so6e f-6il# q -rrel or "-l-6it# or ne6plo#6ent. : tr e !-nn#-sin is one who h-s neither -tt-"h6ent nor -version to -n#thing. ,h#si"-l ren n"i-tion of ob;e"ts is no ren n"i-tion -t -ll. Wh-t is w-nted is the ren n"i-tion of egois6 -nd desires. Saan2hyayogau (rithagbaalaah (ravadanti 82am a(yaasthitah samyag ubhayor vindate (halam. na (anditaah1

/. *hildren4 not the wise4 spe-< of <nowledge -nd the +og- of -"tion or the perfor6-n"e of -"tion -s tho gh the# -re distin"t -nd differentJ he who is tr l# est-blished in one obt-ins the fr its of both. /atsaan2hyaih (raa(yate sthaanam tad yogair 82am saan2hyam &ha yogam &ha yah (ashyati sa (ashyati. a(i gamyate1

>. Th-t pl-"e whi"h is re-"hed b# the !-n<h#-s or the In-nis is re-"hed b# the (8-r6-) +ogis. $e sees who sees <nowledge -nd the perfor6-n"e of -"tion (8-r6+og-) -s one. Sannyaasastu mahaabaaho duh2ham /ogayu2to munir brahma na &hirenaadhiga&&hati. aa(tuma yogatah1

@0

@. C t ren n"i-tion4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 is h-rd to -tt-in witho t +og-J the +og-2h-r6onised s-ge pro"eeds q i"<l# to Cr-h6-nH /ogayu2to vishuddhaatmaa vi0itaatmaa Sarvabhootaatmabhootaatmaa 2urvanna(i na li(yate. 0itendriyah1

A. $e who is devoted to the p-th of -"tion4 whose 6ind is q ite p re4 who h-s "onq ered the self4 who h-s s bd ed his senses -nd who h-s re-lised his !elf -s the !elf in -ll beings4 tho gh -"ting4 he is not t-inted. .aiva 2in&hit 2aromeeti yu2to manyeta tattwavit1 Pashyan shrunvan s(rishan 0ighran nashnan ga&&han swa(an shwasan. B. E% do nothing -t -llF.th s will the h-r6onised <nower of Tr th thin<.seeing4 he-ring4 to "hing4 s6elling4 e-ting4 going4 sleeping4 bre-thing4 Prala(an visri0an grihnan nunmishan 9ndriyaaneendriyaartheshu vartanta iti dhaarayan. nimishanna(i1

0. !pe-<ing4 letting go4 seiKing4 opening -nd "losing the e#es."onvin"ed th-t the senses 6ove -6ong the sense2ob;e"ts. CO..ENTA6YG The liber-ted s-ge -lw-#s re6-ins -s - witness of the -"tivities of the senses -s he identifies hi6self with the !elf. Brahmanyaadhaaya 2armaani sangam tya2twaa ;i(yate na sa (aa(ena (adma(atram ivaambhasaa. 2aroti yah1

10. $e who perfor6s -"tions4 offering the6 to Cr-h6-n -nd -b-ndoning -tt-"h6ent4 is not t-inted b# sin -s - lot s le-f b# w-ter. +aayena manasaa buddhyaa 2evalair /oginah 2arma 2urvanti sangam tya2twaatmashuddhaye. indriyair a(i1

11. +ogis4 h-ving -b-ndoned -tt-"h6ent4 perfor6 -"tions onl# b# the bod#4 6ind4 intelle"t -nd -lso b# the senses4 for the p rifi"-tion of the self. /u2tah 2arma(halam tya2twaa shaantim 7yu2tah 2aama2aarena (hale sa2to nibadhyate. aa(noti naishthi2eem1

12. The nited one (the well poised or the h-r6onised)4 h-ving -b-ndoned the fr it of -"tion4 -tt-ins to the etern-l pe-"eJ the non2 nited onl# (the nste-d# or the nb-l-n"ed)4 i6pelled b# desire -nd -tt-"hed to the fr it4 is bo nd. Sarva2armaani manasaa sannyasyaaste .avadwaare (ure dehee naiva 2urvan na 2aarayan. su2ham vashee1

1=. 9ent-ll# reno n"ing -ll -"tions -nd self2"ontrolled4 the e6bodied one rests h-ppil# in the nine2g-ted "it#4 neither -"ting nor "- sing others (bod# -nd senses) to -"t. @1

.a 2artritwam na 2armaani lo2asya .a 2arma(hala samyogam swabhaavas tu (ravartate.

sri0ati

(rabhuh1

1/. 'either -gen"# nor -"tions does the Lord "re-te for the world4 nor nion with the fr its of -"tionsJ it is '-t re th-t -"ts. .aadatte 2asya&hit (aa(am na &haiva 70naanenaavritam 0naanam tena muhyanti 0antavah. su2ritam vibhuh1

1>. The Lord -""epts neither the de6erit nor even the 6erit of -n#J <nowledge is enveloped b# ignor-n"e4 thereb# beings -re del ded. Jnaanena tu tad a0naanam yeshaam naashitam 5eshaam aadityava0 0naanam (ra2aashayati tat(aram. aatmanah1

1@. C t4 to those whose ignor-n"e is destro#ed b# <nowledge of the !elf4 li<e the s n4 <nowledge reve-ls the ! pre6e (Cr-h6-n). 5adbuddhayas tadaatmaanas tannishthaas Ga&&hantya(unaraavrittim 0naana nirdhoota 2almashaah. tat(araayanaah1

1A. Their intelle"t -bsorbed in Th-t4 their self being Th-tJ est-blished in Th-t4 with Th-t -s their s pre6e go-l4 the# go when"e there is no ret rn4 their sins dispelled b# <nowledge. ,idyaavinaya sam(anne braahmane Shuni &haiva shva(aa2e &ha (anditaah samadarshinah. gavi hastini1

1B. !-ges loo< with -n eq -l e#e on - Cr-h6in endowed with le-rning -nd h 6ilit#4 on - "ow4 on -n eleph-nt4 -nd even on - dog -nd -n o t"-ste. 9haiva tair0itah sargo yeshaam saamye sthitam .irdosham hi samam brahma tasmaad brahmani te sthitaah. manah1

10. Even here (in this world) birth (ever#thing) is over"o6e b# those whose 6inds rest in eq -lit#J Cr-h6-n is spotless indeed -nd eq -lJ therefore4 the# -re est-blished in Cr-h6-n. .a (rahrishyet (riyam (raa(ya nodwi0et (raa(ya Sthirabuddhir asammoodho brahmavid brahmani sthitah. &haa(riyam1

20. ?esting in Cr-h6-n4 with ste-d# intelle"t4 ndel ded4 the <nower of Cr-h6-n neither re;oi"eth on obt-ining wh-t is ple-s-nt nor grieveth on obt-ining wh-t is nple-s-nt. Baahyas(arsheshwasa2taatmaa vindatyaatmani Sa brahma yoga yu2taatmaa su2ham a2shayam ashnute. yat su2ham1

@2

21. With the self n-tt-"hed to the eGtern-l "ont-"ts he dis"overs h-ppiness in the !elfJ with the self eng-ged in the 6edit-tion of Cr-h6-n he -tt-ins to the endless h-ppiness. /e hi sams(arsha0aa bhogaa duh2hayonaya 7adyantavantah 2aunteya na teshu ramate budhah. eva te1

22. The en;o#6ents th-t -re born of "ont-"ts -re gener-tors of p-in onl#4 for the# h-ve - beginning -nd -n end4 ) :r; n-H The wise do not re;oi"e in the6. Sha2noteehaiva yah sodhum (raa2 shareera +aama2rodhodbhavam vegam sa yu2tah sa su2hee narah. vimo2shanaat1

2=. $e who is -ble4 while still here in this world to withst-nd4 before the liber-tion fro6 the bod#4 the i6p lse born of desire -nd -nger.he is - +ogi4 he is - h-pp# 6-n. /o6ntah su2ho6ntaraaraamas tathaantar0yotir Sa yogee brahma nirvaanam brahmabhooto6dhiga&&hati. eva yah1

2/. $e who is ever h-pp# within4 who re;oi"es within4 who is ill 6ined within4 s "h +ogi -tt-ins -bsol te freedo6 or 9o<sh-4 hi6self be"o6ing Cr-h6-n. ;abhante brahma nirvaanam rishayah 2sheena2almashaah1 C&hinnadwaidhaa yataatmaanah sarvabhootahite rataah. 2>. The s-ges obt-in -bsol te freedo6 or 9o<sh-.the# whose sins h-ve been destro#ed4 whose d -lities (per"eption of d -lities or eGperien"e of the p-irs of opposites) -re torn -s nder4 who -re self2"ontrolled4 -nd intent on the welf-re of -ll beings. +aama2rodhaviyu2taanaam yateenaam 7bhito brahma nirvaanam vartate viditaatmanaam. yata&hetasaam1

2@. :bsol te freedo6 (or Cr-h6i" bliss) eGists on -ll sides for those self2"ontrolled -s"eti"s who -re free fro6 desire -nd -nger4 who h-ve "ontrolled their tho ghts -nd who h-ve re-lised the !elf. S(arsaan 2ritwaa bahir baahyaams&ha2shus &haivaantare Praanaa(aanau samau 2ritwaa naasaabhyantara &haarinau. bhruvoh1

2A. !h tting o t (-ll) eGtern-l "ont-"ts -nd fiGing the g-Ke between the e#ebrows4 eq -lising the o tgoing -nd in"o6ing bre-ths 6oving within the nostrils4 /atendriya manobuddhir munir ,igate&&haabhaya 2rodho yah sadaa mu2ta eva sah. mo2sha(araayanah1

2B. With the senses4 the 6ind -nd the intelle"t -lw-#s "ontrolled4 h-ving liber-tion -s his s pre6e go-l4 free fro6 desire4 fe-r -nd -nger.the s-ge is veril# liber-ted for ever.

@=

Bho2taaram ya0nata(asaam sarvalo2a maheshwaram1 Suhridam sarvabhootaanaam 0naatwaa maam shaantim ri&&hati. 20. $e who <nows 9e -s the en;o#er of s-"rifi"es -nd - sterities4 the gre-t Lord of -ll the worlds -nd the friend of -ll beings4 -tt-ins to pe-"e. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade +armasanyaasayogo .aama Pan&hamo6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n- ends the fifth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% 6en!n&iation o% A&tion:

VI The Yoga o% .editation

S!mmar( o% Si<th Di &o!r e
!ri 8rishn- e6ph-sises on"e -g-in th-t the +ogi or !-nn#-sin is one who h-s reno n"ed the fr its of -"tions4 not the -"tions the6selves. The perfor6-n"e of -"tions witho t -n e#e on their fr its brings -bo t the p rifi"-tion of the 6ind. )nl# p rified 6ind4 - 6ind free fro6 desires4 "-n eng-ge itself in "onst-nt 6edit-tion on the :t6-n. Desire gives rise to i6-gin-tion or !-n<-lp-4 whi"h drives the so l into the field of -"tion. Therefore4 none "-n re-lise per6-nent freedo6 -nd tr-nq illit# of 6ind witho t reno n"ing desires. The lower self 6 st be "ontrolled b# the higher !elf. :ll the lower i6p lses of the bod#4 6ind -nd senses 6 st be "ontrolled b# the power of the higher !elf. Then the higher !elf be"o6es one7s friend. $e who h-s perfe"t "ontrol of the bod#4 6ind -nd senses -nd is nited with 3od4 sees 3od in -ll ob;e"ts -nd beings. $e sees inw-rdl# th-t there is no differen"e between gold -nd stone4 between friends -nd ene6ies4 between the righteo s -nd the nrighteo s. $e is perfe"tl# h-r6onised. !ri 8rishn- pro"eeds to give v-rio s pr-"ti"-l hints -s to the pr-"ti"e of 6edit-tion. The -spir-nt sho ld sele"t - se"l ded spot where there is no li<elihood of dist rb-n"e. $e sho ld -rr-nge his 6edit-tion se-t properl# -nd sit in - "o6fort-ble post re4 with the he-d4 ne"< -nd spine ere"t b t not tensed. $e sho ld fiG his p rified 6ind on the :t6-n b# "on"entr-ting between the e#ebrows or on the tip of the nose. The pr-"ti"e of Cr-h6-"h-r#- is -bsol tel# ne"ess-r# if one is to s ""eed in 6edit-tion. The "onserv-tion -nd tr-nsfor6-tion of the vit-l fl id into spirit -l energ# gives i66ense power of "on"entr-tion. (e-rlessness4 too4 is -n essenti-l q -lit# on the 3odw-rd p-th. %t is f-ith in the s st-ining prote"tion -nd 3r-"e of 3od. @/

The -spir-nt is -dvised to pr-"tise 6oder-tion in his d-il# h-bits.in e-ting4 sleeping4 re"re-tion4 et". EGtre6es -re to be -voided -s the# hinder the pr-"ti"e of 6edit-tion. Living - life of s "h 6oder-tion4 -nd g-thering p -ll his for"es -nd dire"ting the6 tow-rds 6edit-tion pon the :t6-n4 the -spir-nt gr-d -ll# tr-ns"ends the senses -nd intelle"t -nd 6erges hi6self in the blissf l :t6-n. $e finds th-t the bliss of the :t6-n is in"o6p-r-ble4 th-t there is no g-in gre-ter th-n the !elf. $-ving th s -tt-ined perfe"t nion with the !elf4 the +ogi no 6ore des"ends into ignor-n"e or del sion. $e does not relish -n# 6ore the ple-s res of the senses. Lord 8rishn- -g-in e6ph-sises th-t the "on"entr-tion of the 6ind on the :t6-n sho ld be li<e - ste-d# fl-6e in - windless pl-"e. This lti6-tel# le-ds to the vision of the Lord in -ll beings -nd "re-t res. :r; n- is do btf l whether it is -t -ll possible to eng-ge the 6ind ste-dil# on the higher !elf4 -s its ver# n-t re see6s to be one of restlessness. 8rishn- -ss res hi6 th-t the pr-"ti"e "-n s ""eed thro gh &-ir-g#(disp-ssion) -nd "onst-nt effort. :r; n- wishes to <now the f-te of the -spir-nt who f-ils to re-lise the ! pre6e in spite of his f-ith -nd sin"erit#. 8rishn- tells hi6 th-t the -"" 6 l-ted power of his +ogi" pr-"ti"es will -ss re hi6 - better birth in the f t re4 with 6ore f-vo r-ble "onditions for !-dh-n-. The -spir-nt will then be "o6pelled to "-rr# on his +ogi" pr-"ti"es with gre-ter vigo r -nd f-ith -nd will fin-ll# -"hieve 3od2re-lis-tion. 8rishn- "on"l des th-t the +ogi.one who h-s -tt-ined nion with the ! pre6e Lord .is s perior to the -s"eti"s4 to the 6en of boo< <nowledge -nd the 6en of -"tion4 -s the l-tter h-ve not tr-ns"ended ignor-n"e -nd 6erged in the !elf. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 7naashritah 2arma(halam 2aaryam 2arma Sa sannyaasi &ha yogee &ha na niragnirna &haa2riyah. The Clessed Lord s-id: 1. $e who perfor6s his bo nden d t# witho t depending on the fr its of his -"tions. he is - !-nn#-sin -nd - +ogi4 not he who is witho t fire -nd witho t -"tion. /am sannyaasamiti (raahuryogam tam .a hyasannyastasan2al(o yogee bhavati 2ash&hana. viddhi (aandava1 2aroti yah1

2. Do tho 4 ) :r; n-4 <now +og- to be th-t whi"h the# "-ll ren n"i-tionJ no one veril# be"o6es - +ogi who h-s not reno n"ed tho ghtsH CO..ENTA6YG Lord 8rishn- e logises 8-r6- +og- here be"- se it is - 6e-ns or - stepping stone to the +og- of 6edit-tion. %n order to en"o r-ge the pr-"ti"e of 8-r6- +og- it is st-ted here th-t it is !-nn#-s-. 7aruru2shormuneryogam 2arma 2aaranamu&hyate1 /ogaaroodhasya tasyaiva shamah 2aaranamu&hyate.

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=. (or - s-ge who wishes to -tt-in to +og-4 -"tion is s-id to be the 6e-nsJ for the s-6e s-ge who h-s -tt-ined to +og-4 in-"tion (q ies"en"e) is s-id to be the 6e-ns. /adaa hi nendriyaartheshu na Sarvasan2al(asannyaasee yogaaroodhas tado&hyate. 2armaswanusha00ate1

/. When - 6-n is not -tt-"hed to the sense2ob;e"ts or to -"tions4 h-ving reno n"ed -ll tho ghts4 then he is s-id to h-ve -tt-ined to +og-. 'ddharedaatmanaatmaanam naatmaanamavasaadayet1 7tmaiva hyaatmano bandhuraatmaiva ri(uraatmanah. >. Let - 6-n lift hi6self b# his own !elf -loneJ let hi6 not lower hi6self4 for this self -lone is the friend of oneself -nd this self -lone is the ene6# of oneself. Bandhuraatmaa6tmanastasya yenaatmaivaatmanaa 7naatmanastu shatrutwe vartetaatmaiva shatruvat. 0itah1

@. The self is the friend of the self for hi6 who h-s "onq ered hi6self b# the !elf4 b t to the n"onq ered self4 this self st-nds in the position of -n ene6# li<e the (eGtern-l) foe. Jitaatmanah (rashaantasya (aramaatmaa Sheetoshna su2ha duh2heshu tathaa maanaa(amaanayoh. samaahitah1

A. The ! pre6e !elf of hi6 who is self2"ontrolled -nd pe-"ef l is b-l-n"ed in "old -nd he-t4 ple-s re -nd p-in4 -s -lso in hono r -nd dishono r. Jnaana vi0naana tri(taatmaa 2ootastho /u2tah ityu&hyate yogee samaloshtaashma2aan&hanah. vi0itendriyah1

B. The +ogi who is s-tisfied with the <nowledge -nd the wisdo6 (of the !elf)4 who h-s "onq ered the senses4 -nd to who6 - "lod of e-rth4 - pie"e of stone -nd gold -re the s-6e4 is s-id to be h-r6onised (th-t is4 is s-id to h-ve -tt-ined the st-te of 'irvi<-lp- !-6-dhi). Suhrinmitraary udaaseena madhyastha dweshya Saadhushwa(i &ha (aa(eshu samabuddhirvishishyate. bandhushu1

0. $e who is of the s-6e 6ind to the good2he-rted4 friends4 ene6ies4 the indifferent4 the ne tr-l4 the h-tef l4 the rel-tives4 the righteo s -nd the nrighteo s4 eG"els. /ogee yun0eeta satatamaatmaanam 82aa2ee yata&hittaatmaa niraasheera(arigrahah. rahasi sthitah1

10. Let the +ogi tr# "onst-ntl# to <eep the 6ind ste-d#4 re6-ining in solit de4 -lone4 with the 6ind -nd the bod# "ontrolled4 -nd free fro6 hope -nd greed. Shu&hau deshe (ratishthaa(ya sthiramaasanamaatmanah1 .aatyu&&hritam naatinee&ham &hailaa0ina2ushottaram. @@

11. %n - "le-n spot4 h-ving est-blished - fir6 se-t of his own4 neither too high nor too low4 6-de of - "loth4 - s<in -nd 2usha gr-ss4 one over the other4 5atrai2aagram manah 2ritwaa yata&hittendriya2riyah1 '(avishyaasane yun0yaadyogamaatmavishuddhaye. 12. There4 h-ving 6-de the 6ind one2pointed4 with the -"tions of the 6ind -nd the senses "ontrolled4 let hi64 se-ted on the se-t4 pr-"tise +og- for the p rifi"-tion of the self. Samam 2aayashirogreevam dhaarayanna&halam Sam(re2shya naasi2aagram swam dishash&haanavalo2ayan. sthirah1

1=. Let hi6 fir6l# hold his bod#4 he-d -nd ne"< ere"t -nd perfe"tl# still4 g-King -t the tip of his nose4 witho t loo<ing -ro nd. Prashaantaatmaa vigatabheer brahma&haarivrate $anah samyamya ma&&hitto yu2ta aaseeta mat(arah. sthitah1

1/. !erene26inded4 fe-rless4 fir6 in the vow of - Cr-h6-"h-ri4 h-ving "ontrolled the 6ind4 thin<ing of 9e -nd b-l-n"ed in 6ind4 let hi6 sit4 h-ving 9e -s his s pre6e go-l. /un0annevam sadaa6tmaanam yogee niyatamaanasah1 Shaantim nirvaana(aramaam matsamsthaamadhiga&&hati. 1>. Th s4 -lw-#s <eeping the 6ind b-l-n"ed4 the +ogi4 with the 6ind "ontrolled4 -tt-ins to the pe-"e -biding in 9e4 whi"h " l6in-tes in liber-tion. .aatyashnatastu yogo6sti na&hai2aantamanashnatah1 .a &haatiswa(nasheelasya 0aagrato naiva &haar0una. 1@. &eril# +og- is not possible for hi6 who e-ts too 6 "h4 nor for hi6 who does not e-t -t -llJ nor for hi6 who sleeps too 6 "h4 nor for hi6 who is (-lw-#s) -w-<e4 ) :r; n-H /u2taahaaravihaarasya yu2ta&heshtasya /u2taswa(naavabodhasya yogo bhavati duh2hahaa. 2armasu1

1A. +og- be"o6es the destro#er of p-in for hi6 who is -lw-#s 6oder-te in e-ting -nd re"re-tion (s "h -s w-l<ing4 et".)4 who is 6oder-te in eGertion in -"tions4 who is 6oder-te in sleep -nd w-<ef lness. /adaa viniyatam &hittamaatmanyevaavatishthate1 .ihs(rihah sarva2aamebhyo yu2ta ityu&hyate tadaa. 1B. When the perfe"tl# "ontrolled 6ind rests in the !elf onl#4 free fro6 longing for the ob;e"ts of desire4 then it is s-id: E$e is nited.F

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CO..ENTA6YG Witho t nion with the !elf neither h-r6on# nor b-l-n"e nor !-6-dhi is possible. /athaa dee(o nivaatastho nengate /ogino yata&hittasya yun0ato yogamaatmanah. so(amaa smritaa1

10. :s - l-6p pl-"ed in - windless spot does not fli"<er.to s "h is "o6p-red the +ogi of "ontrolled 6ind4 pr-"tising +og- in the !elf (or -bsorbed in the +og- of the !elf). CO..ENTA6YG This is - be- tif l si6ile whi"h +ogis often q ote when the# t-l< of "on"entr-tion or one2pointedness of 6ind. /atro(aramate &hittam niruddham /atra &haivaatmanaa6tmaanam (ashyannaatmani tushyati. yogasevayaa1

20. When the 6ind4 restr-ined b# the pr-"ti"e of +og-4 -tt-ins to q iet de4 -nd when4 seeing the !elf b# the !elf4 he is s-tisfied in his own !elf4 Su2hamaatyanti2am yattad buddhi ,etti yatra na &haivaayam sthitash&halati tattwatah. graahyamateendriyam1

21. When he (the +ogi) feels th-t infinite bliss whi"h "-n be gr-sped b# the (p re) intelle"t -nd whi"h tr-ns"ends the senses4 -nd4 est-blished wherein he never 6oves fro6 the ?e-lit#4 /am labdhwaa &haa(aram laabham manyate /asmin sthito na duh2hena gurunaa(i vi&haalyate. naadhi2am tatah1

22. Whi"h4 h-ving obt-ined4 he thin<s there is no other g-in s perior to itJ wherein est-blished4 he is not 6oved even b# he-v# sorrow4. 5am vidyaad duh2hasamyogaviyogam Sa nish&hayena yo2tavyo yogo6nirvinna &hetasaa. yogasam0nitam1

2=. Let th-t be <nown b# the n-6e of +og-4 the sever-n"e fro6 nion with p-in. This +og- sho ld be pr-"tised with deter6in-tion -nd with -n ndesponding 6ind. San2al(a(rabhavaan 2aamaan stya2twaa $anasaivendriyagraamam viniyamya samantatah. sarvaan asheshatah1

2/. :b-ndoning witho t reserve -ll the desires born of !-n<-lp-4 -nd "o6pletel# restr-ining the whole gro p of senses b# the 6ind fro6 -ll sides4 CO..ENTA6YG The 6ind is so diplo6-ti" th-t it <eeps "ert-in desires for its se"ret gr-tifi"-tion. !o one sho ld "o6pletel# -b-ndon -ll desires witho t reserv-tion. Shanaih shanairu(aramed buddhyaa 7atmasamstham manah 2ritwaa na 2in&hida(i &hintayet. dhritigriheetayaa1

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2>. Little b# little let hi6 -tt-in to q iet de b# the intelle"t held fir6l#J h-ving 6-de the 6ind est-blish itself in the !elf4 let hi6 not thin< of -n#thing. /ato yato nish&harati manash&han&halamasthiram1 5atastato niyamyaitad aatmanyeva vasham nayet. 2@. (ro6 wh-tever "- se the restless4 nste-d# 6ind w-nders -w-#4 fro6 th-t let hi6 restr-in it -nd bring it nder the "ontrol of the !elf -lone. Prashaantamanasam hyenam yoginam '(aiti shaantara0asam brahmabhootama2almasham. su2hamuttamam1

2A. ! pre6e bliss veril# "o6es to this +ogi whose 6ind is q ite pe-"ef l4 whose p-ssion is q ieted4 who h-s be"o6e Cr-h6-n4 -nd who is free fro6 sin. /un0annevam sadaa6tmaanam yogee vigata2almashah1 Su2hena brahmasams(arsham atyantam su2ham ashnute. 2B. The +ogi4 -lw-#s eng-ging the 6ind th s (in the pr-"ti"e of +og-)4 freed fro6 sins4 e-sil# en;o#s the infinite bliss of "ont-"t with Cr-h6-n (the Etern-l). Sarvabhootasthamaatmaanam sarvabhootaani 8e2shate yogayu2taatmaa sarvatra samadarshanah. &haatmani1

20. With the 6ind h-r6onised b# +og- he sees the !elf -biding in -ll beings -nd -ll beings in the !elfJ he sees the s-6e ever#where. /o maam (ashyati sarvatra sarvam &ha 5asyaaham na (ranashyaami sa &ha me na (ranashyati. mayi (ashyati1

=0. $e who sees 9e ever#where -nd sees ever#thing in 9e4 he does not be"o6e sep-r-ted fro6 9e nor do % be"o6e sep-r-ted fro6 hi6. CO..ENTA6YG The Lord des"ribes here the effe"t of oneness. Sarvabhootasthitam yo maam Sarvathaa vartamaano6(i sa yogee mayi vartate. bha0atye2atwamaasthitah1

=1. $e who4 being est-blished in nit#4 worships 9e who dwells in -ll beings4.th-t +ogi -bides in 9e4 wh-tever 6-# be his 6ode of living. 7atmau(amyena sarvatra samam (ashyati Su2ham vaa yadi vaa duh2ham sa yogee (aramo matah. yo6r0una1

=2. $e who4 thro gh the li<eness of the !elf4 ) :r; n-4 sees eq -lit# ever#where4 be it ple-s re or p-in4 he is reg-rded -s the highest +ogiH 7r0una 'vaa&ha:

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/o6yam yogastwayaa (ro2tah saamyena 8tasyaaham na (ashyaami &han&halatwaat sthitim sthiraam. :r; n- s-id:

madhusoodana1

==. This +og- of eq -ni6it# t- ght b# Thee4 ) 8rishn-4 % do not see its ste-d# "ontin -n"e4 be"- se of restlessness (of the 6ind)H Chan&halam hi manah 2rishna (ramaathi 5asyaaham nigraham manye vaayoriva sudush2aram. balavad dridham1

=/. The 6ind veril# is restless4 t rb lent4 strong -nd n#ielding4 ) 8rishn-H % dee6 it -s diffi" lt to "ontrol -s to "ontrol the wind. CO..ENTA6YG The 6ind ever "h-nges its point of "on"entr-tion fro6 one ob;e"t to -nother. !o it is -lw-#s restless. %t is not onl# restless b t -lso t rb lent -nd i6pet o s4 strong -nd obstin-te. %t prod "es -git-tion in the bod# -nd in the senses. Th-t is wh# the 6ind is even 6ore diffi" lt to "ontrol th-n to "ontrol the wind. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 7samshayam mahaabaaho mano durnigraham 7bhyaasena tu 2aunteya vairaagyena &ha grihyate. The Clessed Lord s-id: =>. 5ndo btedl#4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 the 6ind is diffi" lt to "ontrol -nd restlessJ b t4 b# pr-"ti"e -nd b# disp-ssion it 6-# be restr-inedH 7samyataatmanaa yogo dush(raa(a iti ,ashyaatmanaa tu yatataa sha2yo6vaa(tumu(aayatah. me matih1 &halam1

=@. % thin< th-t +og- is h-rd to be -tt-ined b# one of n"ontrolled self4 b t the selfO"ontrolled -nd striving one -tt-ins to it b# the (proper) 6e-ns. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: 7yatih shraddhayo(eto yogaa&&halitamaanasah1 7(raa(ya yogasamsiddhim 2aam gatim 2rishna ga&&hati. :r; n- s-id: =A. $e who is n-ble to "ontrol hi6self tho gh he h-s the f-ith4 -nd whose 6ind w-nders -w-# fro6 +og-4 wh-t end does he 6eet4 h-ving f-iled to -tt-in perfe"tion in +og-4 ) 8rishn-M +a&&hinnobhayavibhrashtash &&hinnaabhramiva 7(ratishtho mahaabaaho vimoodho brahmanah (athi. nashyati1

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=B. (-llen fro6 both4 does he not perish li<e - rent "lo d4 s pportless4 ) 6ight#2 -r6ed (8rishn-)4 del ded on the p-th of Cr-h6-nM 8tanme samshayam 2rishna &&hettumarhasyasheshatah1 5wadanyah samshayasyaasya &&hettaa na hyu(a(adyate. =0. This do bt of 6ine4 ) 8rishn-4 do Tho "o6pletel# dispel4 be"- se it is not possible for -n# b t Thee to dispel this do bt. CO..ENTA6YG There is no better te-"her th-n the Lord $i6self -s $e is o6nis"ient. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Paartha naiveha naamutra vinaashas .ahi 2alyaana2rit 2ash&hid durgatim taata ga&&hati. The Clessed Lord s-id: /0. ) :r; n-4 neither in this world4 nor in the neGt world is there destr "tion for hi6J none4 veril#4 who does good4 ) 9# son4 ever "o6es to griefH Praa(ya (unya2ritaam lo2aanushitwaa shaashwateeh Shu&heenaam shreemataam gehe yogabhrashto6bhi0aayate. samaah1 tasya vidyate1

/1. $-ving -tt-ined to the worlds of the righteo s -nd4 h-ving dwelt there for everl-sting #e-rs4 he who fell fro6 +og- is reborn in the ho se of the p re -nd we-lth#. 7thavaa yoginaameva 2ule bhavati 8taddhi durlabhataram lo2e 0anma yadeedrisham. dheemataam1

/2. )r he is born in - f-6il# of even the wise +ogisJ veril# - birth li<e this is ver# diffi" lt to obt-in in this world. 5atra tam buddhisamyogam labhate /atate &ha tato bhooyah samsiddhau 2urunandana. (aurvadehi2am1

/=. There he "o6es in to "h with the <nowledge -"q ired in his for6er bod# -nd strives 6ore th-n before for perfe"tion4 ) :r; n-H Poorvaabhyaasena tenaiva hriyate Ji0naasura(i yogasya shabdabrahmaativartate. hyavasho6(i sah1

//. C# th-t ver# for6er pr-"ti"e he is borne on in spite of hi6self. Even he who 6erel# wishes to <now +og- tr-ns"ends the Cr-h6i" word. CO..ENTA6YG )ne who h-d f-llen fro6 +og- is "-rried to the go-l (whi"h he intended to re-"h in his previo s birth)4 b# the for"e of the i6pressions of his p-st

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+ogi" pr-"ti"es4 tho gh he 6-# be n"ons"io s of it -nd 6-# not be willing to -dopt the "o rse of +ogi" dis"ipline d e to the for"e of so6e evil 8-r6-. Prayatnaadyatamaanastu yogee 7ne2a0anmasamsiddhas tato yaati (araam gatim. samshuddha2ilbishah1

/>. C t4 the +ogi who strives with -ssid it#4 p rified of sins -nd perfe"ted gr-d -ll# thro gh 6-n# births4 re-"hes the highest go-l. 5a(aswibhyo6dhi2o yogee 0naanibhyo6(i +armibhyash&haadhi2o yogee tasmaad yogee bhavaar0una. mato6dhi2ah1

/@. The +ogi is tho ght to be s perior to the -s"eti"s -nd even s perior to 6en of <nowledge (obt-ined thro gh the st d# of s"ript res)J he is -lso s perior to 6en of -"tionJ therefore4 be tho - +ogi4 ) :r; n-H /oginaama(i sarveshaam madgatenaantaraatmanaa1 Shraddhaavaan bha0ate yo maam sa me yu2tatamo matah. /A. :nd -6ong -ll the +ogis4 he who4 f ll of f-ith -nd with his inner self 6erged in 9e4 worships 9e4 he is dee6ed b# 9e to be the 6ost devo t. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade 7atmasamyamayogo .aama Shashtho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the siGth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% .editation:

VII The Yoga o% 9i dom and 6ea#i ation

S!mmar( o% Seventh Di &o!r e
!ri 8rishn- tells :r; n- th-t the s pre6e 3odhe-d h-s to be re-lised in both its tr-ns"endent -nd i66-nent -spe"ts. The +ogi who h-s re-"hed this s 66it h-s nothing 6ore to <now. This "o6plete nion with the Lord is diffi" lt of -tt-in6ent. :6ong 6-n# tho s-nds of h 6-n beings4 ver# few -spire for this nion4 -nd even -6ong those who -spire for it4 few ever re-"h the pinn-"le of spirit -l re-lis-tion.

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The Lord h-s -lre-d# given - "le-r des"ription of the -ll2perv-ding st-ti" -nd infinite st-te of $is. 'ow $e pro"eeds to eGpl-in $is 6-nifest-tions -s the niverse -nd the power behind it. $e spe-<s of these 6-nifest-tions -s $is lower -nd higher ,r-<ritis. The lower ,r-<riti is 6-de p of the five ele6ents4 6ind4 ego -nd intelle"t. The higher ,r-<riti is the life2ele6ent whi"h pholds the niverse4 -"tiv-tes it -nd "- ses its -ppe-r-n"e -nd fin-l dissol tion. 8rishn- s-#s th-t wh-tever eGists is nothing b t $i6self. $e is the "- se of the -ppe-r-n"e of the niverse -nd -ll things in it. Ever#thing is str ng on $i6 li<e "l sters of ge6s on - string. $e is the essen"e4 s bst-n"e -nd s bstr-t 6 of ever#thing4 whether visible or invisible. :ltho gh ever#thing is in $i64 #et $e tr-ns"ends ever#thing -s the -"tionless !elf. ,r-<riti or '-t re is 6-de p of the three 3 n-s or q -lities.!-ttw-4 ?-;-s -nd T-6-s. These three q -lities del de the so l -nd 6-<e it forget its tr e n-t re4 whi"h is one with 3od. This del sion4 ter6ed 9-#-4 "-n onl# be re6oved b# the 3r-"e of the Lord $i6self. Th s f-r :r; n- h-s been t- ght the highest for6 of devotion4 whi"h le-ds to nion with 3od in $is st-ti" -spe"t -s -lso with $is d#n-6i" ,r-<riti. 8rishn- tells hi6 th-t there -re -lso other for6s of devotion whi"h -re inferior -s the# -re perfor6ed with v-rio s 6otives. The distressed4 the see<er of divine wisdo64 -nd he who desires we-lth4 worship $i64 -s -lso the wise. )f these the Lord dee6s the wise -s de-rest to $i6. ! "h - devotee loves the Lord for the s-<e of p re love -lone. Wh-tever for6 the devotee worships4 the lti6-te go-l is the Lord $i6self. The Lord -""epts s "h worship4 <nowing th-t it is dire"ted to $i6 onl#. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: $ayyaasa2tamanaah (aartha yogam yun0anmadaashrayah1 7samshayam samagram maam yathaa 0naasyasi ta&&hrinu. The Clessed Lord s-id: 1. ) :r; n-4 he-r how #o sh-ll witho t do bt <now 9e f ll#4 with the 6ind intent on 9e4 pr-"tising +og- -nd t-<ing ref ge in 9eH CO..ENTA6YG %f #o sing the glories -nd -ttrib tes of the Lord4 #o will develop love for $i6 -nd then #o r 6ind will be ever fiGed on $i6. %ntense love for the Lord is re-l devotion. With this #o 6 st s rel# get f ll <nowledge of the !elf. Jnaanam te6ham savi0naanam idam va2shyaamyasheshatah1 /a00naatwaa neha bhooyo6nya0 0naatavyamavashishyate. 2. % sh-ll de"l-re to thee in f ll this <nowledge "o6bined with dire"t re-lis-tion4 -fter <nowing whi"h nothing 6ore here re6-ins to be <nown. $anushyaanaam sahasreshu 2ash&hidyatati /atataama(i siddhaanaam 2ash&hinmaam vetti tattwatah. siddhaye1

A=

=. :6ong tho s-nds of 6en4 one per"h-n"e strives for perfe"tionJ even -6ong those s ""essf l strivers4 onl# one per"h-n"e <nows 9e in essen"e. Bhoomiraa(o6nalo vaayuh 2ham mano 7ham2aara iteeyam me bhinnaa (ra2ritirashtadhaa. buddhireva &ha1

/. E-rth4 w-ter4 fire4 -ir4 ether4 6ind4 intelle"t -nd egois6.th s is 9# '-t re divided eightfold. 7(areyamitastwanyaam (ra2ritim viddhi Jeevabhootaam mahaabaaho yayedam dhaaryate 0agat. me (araam1

>. This is the inferior ,r-<riti4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed (:r; n-)H 8now tho -s different fro6 it 9# higher ,r-<riti ('-t re)4 the ver# life2ele6ent b# whi"h this world is pheld. 8tadyoneeni bhootaani sarvaaneetyu(adhaaraya1 7ham 2ritsnasya 0agatah (rabhavah (ralayastathaa. @. 8now th-t these two (9# higher -nd lower '-t res) -re the wo6b of -ll beings. !o4 % -6 the so r"e -nd dissol tion of the whole niverse. $attah (arataram naanyat 2in&hidasti $ayi sarvamidam (rotam sootre maniganaa iva. dhanan0aya1

A. There is nothing wh-tsoever higher th-n 9e4 ) :r; n-H :ll this is str ng on 9e -s "l sters of ge6s on - string. CO..ENTA6YG There is no other "- se of the niverse b t 9e. % -lone -6 the "- se of the niverse. )aso6hama(su 2aunteya (rabhaasmi Pranavah sarvavedeshu shabdah 2he (aurusham nrishu. shashisooryayoh1

B. % -6 the s-pidit# in w-ter4 ) :r; n-H % -6 the light in the 6oon -nd the s nJ % -6 the s#ll-ble )6 in -ll the ,edas, so nd in ether4 -nd virilit# in 6en. Punyo gandhah (rithivyaam &ha te0ash&haasmi Jeevanam sarvabhooteshu ta(ash&haasmi ta(aswishu. vibhaavasau1

0. % -6 the sweet fr-gr-n"e in e-rth -nd the brilli-n"e in fire4 the life in -ll beingsJ -nd % -6 - sterit# in -s"eti"s. Bee0am maam sarvabhootaanaam viddhi Buddhir buddhimataamasmi te0aste0aswinaamaham. (aartha sanaatanam1

10. 8now 9e4 ) :r; n-4 -s the etern-l seed of -ll beingsJ % -6 the intelligen"e of the intelligentJ the splendo r of the splendid ob;e"ts -6 %H Balam balavataam asmi 2aamaraagavivar0itam1 -harmaaviruddho bhooteshu 2aamo6smi bharatarshabha. A/

11. )f the strong4 % -6 the strength devoid of desire -nd -tt-"h6ent4 -nd in (-ll) beings4 % -6 the desire nopposed to Dh-r6-4 ) :r; n-H /e &haiva saattvi2aa bhaavaa raa0asaastaamasaash&ha $atta eveti taanviddhi na twaham teshu te mayi. ye1

12. Wh-tever being (-nd ob;e"ts) th-t -re p re4 -"tive -nd inert4 <now th-t the# pro"eed fro6 9e. The# -re in 9e4 #et % -6 not in the6. 5ribhirgunamayair bhaavairebhih sarvamidam $ohitam naabhi0aanaati maamebhyah (aramavyayam. 0agat1

1=. Del ded b# these '-t res (st-tes or things) "o6posed of the three q -lities of '-t re4 -ll this world does not <now 9e -s distin"t fro6 the6 -nd i66 t-ble. -aivee hyeshaa gunamayee mama maayaa $aameva ye (ra(adyante maayaametaam taranti te. duratyayaa1

1/. &eril# this divine ill sion of 9ine 6-de p of the q -lities (of '-t re) is diffi" lt to "ross overJ those who t-<e ref ge in 9e -lone "ross over this ill sion. .a maam dush2ritino moodhaah (ra(adyante $aayayaa(ahrita0naanaa aasuram bhaavamaashritaah. naraadhamaah1

1>. The evil2doers -nd the del ded4 who -re the lowest of 6en4 do not see< 9eJ the# whose <nowledge is destro#ed b# ill sion follow the w-#s of de6ons. Chaturvidhaa bha0ante maam 0anaah 7arto 0i0naasurartharthee 0naanee &ha bharatarshabha. su2ritino6r0una1

1@. (o r <inds of virt o s 6en worship 9e4 ) :r; n-H The# -re the distressed4 the see<er of <nowledge4 the see<er of we-lth4 -nd the wise4 ) lord of the Ch-r-t-sH 5eshaam 0naanee nityayu2ta e2a Priyo hi 0naanino6tyarthamaham sa &ha mama (riyah. bha2tirvishishyate1

1A. )f the64 the wise4 ever ste-df-st -nd devoted to the )ne4 eG"els (is the best)J for4 % -6 eG"eedingl# de-r to the wise -nd he is de-r to 9e. 'daaraah sarva evaite 0naanee twaatmaiva 7asthitah sa hi yu2taatmaa maamevaanuttamaam gatim. me matam1

1B. 'oble indeed -re -ll theseJ b t % dee6 the wise 6-n -s 9# ver# !elfJ for4 ste-df-st in 6ind4 he is est-blished in 9e -lone -s the s pre6e go-l. Bahoonaam 0anmanaamante 0naanavaanmaam ,aasudevah sarvamiti sa mahaatmaa sudurlabhah. (ra(adyate1

10. :t the end of 6-n# births the wise 6-n "o6es to 9e4 re-lising th-t -ll this is &-s dev- (the inner6ost !elf)J s "h - gre-t so l (9-h-t6-) is ver# h-rd to find. A>

+aamaistaistairhrita0naanaah (ra(adyante6nyadevataah1 5am tam niyamamaasthaaya (ra2rityaa niyataah swayaa. 20. Those whose wisdo6 h-s been rent -w-# b# this or th-t desire4 go to other gods4 following this or th-t rite4 led b# their own n-t re. /o yo yaam yaam tanum bha2tah shraddhayaar&hitum 5asya tasyaa&halaam shraddhaam taameva vidadhaamyaham. i&&hati1

21. Wh-tsoever for6 -n# devotee desires to worship with f-ith.th-t (s-6e) f-ith of his % 6-<e fir6 -nd nflin"hing. Sa tayaa shraddhayaa yu2tastasyaaraadhanameehate1 ;abhate &ha tatah 2aamaan mayaiva vihitaan hi taan. 22. Endowed with th-t f-ith4 he eng-ges in the worship of th-t (for6)4 -nd fro6 it he obt-ins his desire4 these being veril# ord-ined b# 9e (-lone). 7ntavattu (halam teshaam tadbhavatyal(amedhasaam1 -evaan devaya0o yaanti madbha2taa yaanti maama(i. 2=. &eril# the rew-rd (fr it) th-t -""r es to those 6en of s6-ll intelligen"e is finite. The worshippers of the gods go to the64 b t 9# devotees "o6e to 9e. 7vya2tam vya2timaa(annam manyante Param bhaavama0aananto mamaavyayamanuttamam. maamabuddhayah1

2/. The foolish thin< of 9e4 the 5n6-nifest4 -s h-ving 6-nifest-tion4 <nowing not 9# higher4 i66 t-ble -nd 6ost eG"ellent n-t re. .aaham (ra2aashah sarvasya yogamaayaasamaavritah1 $oodho6yam naabhi0aanaati lo2o maama0amavyayam. 2>. % -6 not 6-nifest to -ll (-s % -6)4 being veiled b# the +og- 9-#-. This del ded world does not <now 9e4 the nborn -nd i6perish-ble. ,edaaham samateetaani vartamaanaani Bhavishyaani &ha bhootani maam tu veda na 2ash&hana. &haar0una1

2@. % <now4 ) :r; n-4 the beings of the p-st4 the present -nd the f t re4 b t no one <nows 9e. 9&&haadweshasamutthena dwandwamohena Sarvabhootaani sammoham sarge yaanti (aranta(a. bhaarata1

2A. C# the del sion of the p-irs of opposites -rising fro6 desire -nd -version4 ) Ch-r-t-4 -ll beings -re s b;e"t to del sion -t birth4 ) ,-r-nt-p-H /eshaam twantagatam (aa(am 0anaanaam (unya2armanaam1 5e dwandwamohanirmu2taa bha0ante maam dridhavrataah. A@

2B. C t those 6en of virt o s deeds whose sins h-ve "o6e to -n end4 -nd who -re freed fro6 the del sion of the p-irs of opposites4 worship 9e4 ste-df-st in their vows. Jaraamaranamo2shaaya maamaashritya yatanti 5e brahma tadviduh 2ritsnam adhyaatmam 2arma &haa2hilam. ye1

20. Those who strive for liber-tion fro6 old -ge -nd de-th4 t-<ing ref ge in 9e4 re-lise in f ll th-t Cr-h6-n4 the whole <nowledge of the !elf -nd -ll -"tion. Saadhibhootaadhidaivam maam saadhiya0nam Prayaana2aale6(i &ha maam te vidur yu2ta&hetasah. &ha ye viduh1

=0. Those who <now 9e with the :dhibh t- (pert-ining to the ele6ents)4 the :dhid-iv- (pert-ining to the gods)4 -nd :dhi#-;n- (pert-ining to the s-"rifi"e)4 <now 9e even -t the ti6e of de-th4 ste-df-st in 6ind. CO..ENTA6YG The# who -re ste-df-st in 6ind4 who h-ve t-<en ref ge in 9e4 who <now 9e -s <nowledge of ele6ents on the ph#si"-l pl-ne4 -s <nowledge of gods on the "elesti-l or 6ent-l pl-ne4 -s <nowledge of s-"rifi"e in the re-l6 of s-"rifi"e4. the# -re not -ffe"ted b# de-th. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade Jnaanavi0naanayogo .aama Sa(tamo6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the seventh dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% 9i dom and 6ea#i ation:

VIII The Yoga o% the Im1eri ha"#e Brahman

S!mmar( o% Eighth Di &o!r e
Lord 8rishn- eGpl-ins how those who -tt-in $i6 do not h-ve to "o6e -g-in into this i6per6-nent world of sorrow -nd p-in. :ll beings4 in"l ding even the gods4 "o6e -g-in -nd -g-in into this "re-ted niverse fro6 the st-te of n6-nifest being wherein the# re6-ined -t the end of -n -ge2"#"le. C t the Lord eGists even be#ond this n6-nifest being. Th-t r-di-nt4 i6perish-ble Divine ?e-lit# is the highest go-l to be -tt-ined. !ingle26inded devotion of o r he-rt is the 6e-ns of -tt-ining this highest blessed st-te. Even tho gh there -re - spi"io s -nd in- spi"io s "ir" 6st-n"es of dep-rting fro6 the ph#si"-l bod# -nd ;o rne#ing forth4 #et if one ste-dil# -bides in the Lord thro gh AA

fir6 devotion -nd f-ith4 then these "onditions do not 6-tter. C# -lw-#s re6-ining in t ne with the Lord thro gh p re love4 ever#thing is 6-de - spi"io s4 if one "-n ever re6-in nited with the Divine thro gh deep devotion4 "onst-nt re6e6br-n"e4 reg l-r 6edit-tion -nd "ontin o s "o66 nion4 then -ll ti6es4 pl-"es4 "onditions -nd sit -tions be"o6e - spi"io s -nd blessed. This is the se"ret of invo<ing $is 3r-"e -nd -tt-ining $i6 -nd be"o6ing etern-ll# free -nd blissf l. :r; n- here -s<s Lord 8rishn- -bo t the 6e-ning of the different ter6s referred to b# $i6 in the l-st two verses of the previo s "h-pter. $e wishes to <now wh-t is the ! pre6e Ceing4 wh-t is 8-r6- or -"tion th-t $e refers to4 -nd wh-t is the 6e-ning th-t pert-ins to this spirit4 the ele6ents -nd the "entre of -ll things within this h 6-n bod#. Ce#ond -ll things 6-nifest -nd n6-nifest4 be#ond these n-6es -nd for6s4 there is the ! pre6e Ceing.Cr-h6-n. $e indwells this bod# -s the "entre of -ll things4 in"l ding even o r own self (individ -l so l). We -re - spirit -l being residing in this bod# -nd s pported b# the !ilent Witness within.the ! pre6e :nt-r#-6in. ,r-<riti or '-t re is the being pert-ining to the ele6ents. Worship4 pr-#er -nd offering to the gods with f-ith -nd devotion "onstit te -"tions th-t le-d to blessedness. The se"ret of re-"hing the Divine Ceing -nd th s freeing oneself forever fro6 birth -nd de-th -nd the p-ins -nd s fferings of this e-rth2life4 is to "onst-ntl# pr-"tise nbro<en re6e6br-n"e of the Lord -t -ll ti6es4 in -ll pl-"es -nd even -6idst one7s d-il# -"tivities. %f one pr-"tises s "h ste-d# re6e6br-n"e thro gh reg l-r d-il# !-dh-n-4 then he will be rooted in $is re6e6br-n"e even -t the ti6e of dep-rting fro6 this bod# -t de-th. Th s dep-rting4 he will go be#ond d-r<ness -nd bond-ge -nd -tt-in the re-l6 of etern-l blessedness. )ne 6 st pr-"tise sense2"ontrol. The senses 6 st be well dis"iplined -nd gr-d -ll# withdr-wn fro6 o tside ob;e"ts. The 6ind sho ld be "entred within pon 3od4 b# ttering )6 or -n# Divine '-6e. C# s "h ste-d# pr-"ti"e d-il# the Lord is e-sil# -tt-ined. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: +im tadbrahma 2im adhyaatmam 2im 2arma 7dhibhootam &ha 2im (ro2tam adhidaivam 2imu&hyate. :r; n- s-id: 1. Wh-t is th-t Cr-h6-nM Wh-t is :dh#-t6-M Wh-t is -"tion4 ) best -6ong 6enM Wh-t is de"l-red to be :dhibh t-M :nd wh-t is :dhid-iv- s-id to beM 7dhiya0nah 2atham 2o6tra dehe6smin Prayaana2aale &ha 2atham 0neyo6si niyataatmabhih. madhusoodana1 (urushottama1

2. Who -nd how is :dhi#-;n- here in this bod#4 ) destro#er of 9-dh (8rishn-)M :nd how4 -t the ti6e of de-th4 -rt Tho to be <nown b# the self2"ontrolled oneM

AB

CO..ENTA6YG %n the l-st two verses of the seventh dis"o rse4 Lord 8rishn- ses "ert-in philosophi"-l ter6s. :r; n- does not nderst-nd their 6e-ning. !o he pro"eeds to q estion the Lord. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 72sharam brahma (aramam swabhaavo6dhyaatmamu&hyate1 Bhootabhaavodbhava2aro visargah 2armasam0nitah. The Clessed Lord s-id: =. Cr-h6-n is the %6perish-ble4 the ! pre6eJ $is essenti-l n-t re is "-lled !elf2 <nowledgeJ the offering (to the gods) whi"h "- ses eGisten"e -nd 6-nifest-tion of beings -nd whi"h -lso s st-ins the6 is "-lled -"tion. 7dhibhootam 2sharo bhaavah (urushash&haadhidaivatam1 7dhiya0no6hamevaatra dehe dehabhritaam vara. /. :dhibh t- (<nowledge of the ele6ents) pert-ins to 9# perish-ble '-t re4 -nd the , r sh- or so l is the :dhid-iv-J % -lone -6 the :dhi#-;n- here in this bod#4 ) best -6ong the e6bodied (6en)H 7nta2aale &ha maameva smaran mu2twaa /ah (rayaati sa madbhaavam yaati naastyatra samshayah. 2alevaram1

>. :nd whosoever4 le-ving the bod#4 goes forth re6e6bering 9e -lone -t the ti6e of de-th4 he -tt-ins 9# CeingJ there is no do bt -bo t this. /am yam vaa(i smaran bhaavam tya0atyante 5am tamevaiti 2aunteya sadaa tadbhaavabhaavitah. 2alevaram1

@. Whosoever -t the end le-ves the bod#4 thin<ing of -n# being4 to th-t being onl# does he go4 ) son of 8 nti (:r; n-)4 be"- se of his "onst-nt tho ght of th-t beingH CO..ENTA6YG The 6ost pro6inent tho ght of one7s life o"" pies the 6ind -t the ti6e of de-th. %t deter6ines the n-t re of the bod# to be -tt-ined in the neGt birth. 5asmaat sarveshu 2aaleshu maamanusmara $ayyar(itamanobuddhir maamevaishyasyasamshayam. yudhya &ha1

A. Therefore4 -t -ll ti6es re6e6ber 9e onl# -nd fight. With 6ind -nd intelle"t fiGed (or -bsorbed) in 9e4 tho sh-lt do btless "o6e to 9e -lone. 7bhyaasayogayu2tena &hetasaa naanyagaaminaa1 Paramam (urusham divyam yaati (aarthaanu&hintayan. B. With the 6ind not 6oving tow-rds -n# other thing4 6-de ste-df-st b# the 6ethod of h-bit -l 6edit-tion4 -nd "onst-ntl# 6edit-ting4 one goes to the ! pre6e ,erson4 the ?esplendent4 ) :r; n-H

A0

+avim

(uraanamanushaasitaaram 7noraneeyaamsam anusmaredyah1 Sarvasya dhaataaram a&hintyaroo(am 7adityavarnam tamasah (arastaat. 0. Whosoever 6edit-tes on the )6nis"ient4 the :n"ient4 the r ler (of the whole world)4 6in ter th-n -n -to64 the s pporter of -ll4 of in"on"eiv-ble for64 eff lgent li<e the s n -nd be#ond the d-r<ness of ignor-n"e4 Prayaana2aale manasaa&halena Bha2tyaa yu2to yogabalena Bhruvormadhye (raanamaaveshya Sa tam (aram (urusham u(aiti divyam. &haiva1 samya2

10. :t the ti6e of de-th4 with nsh-<en 6ind4 endowed with devotion -nd b# the power of +og-4 fiGing the whole life2bre-th in the 6iddle of the two e#ebrows4 he re-"hes th-t resplendent ! pre6e ,erson. /ada2sharam vedavido yadyatayo /adi&&hanto brahma&haryam 5atte (adam samgrahena (rava2shye. ,ishanti vadanti veetaraagaah1 &haranti

11. Th-t whi"h is de"l-red i6perish-ble b# those who <now the ,edas, th-t whi"h the self2"ontrolled (-s"eti"s) -nd p-ssion2free enter4 th-t desiring whi"h "elib-"# is pr-"tised.th-t go-l % will de"l-re to thee in brief. Sarvadwaaraani samyamya mano hridi nirudhya $oordhnyaadhaayaatmanah (raanamaasthito yogadhaaranaam. &ha1

12. $-ving "losed -ll the g-tes4 "onfined the 6ind in the he-rt -nd fiGed the life2 bre-th in the he-d4 eng-ged in the pr-"ti"e of "on"entr-tion4 :mitye2aa2sharam brahma vyaaharan /ah (rayaati tya0an deham sa yaati (aramaam gatim. maamanusmaran1

1=. 5ttering the 6onos#ll-ble )6.the Cr-h6-n.re6e6bering 9e -lw-#s4 he who dep-rts th s4 le-ving the bod#4 -tt-ins to the s pre6e go-l. 7nanya&hetaah satatam yo maam smarati 5asyaaham sulabhah (aartha nityayu2tasya yoginah. nityashah1

1/. % -6 e-sil# -tt-in-ble b# th-t ever2ste-df-st +ogi who "onst-ntl# -nd d-il# re6e6bers 9e (for - long ti6e)4 not thin<ing of -n#thing else (with - single or one2 pointed 6ind)4 ) ,-rth- (:r; n-)H CO..ENTA6YG *onst-ntl# re6e6bering the Lord thro gho t one7s life is the e-siest w-# of -tt-ining $i6.

B0

$aamu(etya (unar0anma duh2haalayamashaashwatam1 .aa(nuvanti mahaatmaanah samsiddhim (aramaam gataah. 1>. $-ving -tt-ined 9e these gre-t so ls do not -g-in t-<e birth (here)4 whi"h is the pl-"e of p-in -nd is non2etern-lJ the# h-ve re-"hed the highest perfe"tion (liber-tion). 7abrahmabhuvanaallo2aah (unaraavartino6r0una1 $aamu(etya tu 2aunteya (unar0anma na vidyate. 1@. (:ll) the worlds4 in"l ding the world of Cr-h6-4 -re s b;e"t to ret rn -g-in4 ) :r; n-H C t he who re-"hes 9e4 ) son of 8 nti4 h-s no rebirthH Sahasrayuga(aryantam aharyad brahmano )aatrim yugasahasraantaam te6horaatravido 0anaah. viduh1

1A. Those who <now the d-# of Cr-h6-4 whi"h is of - d r-tion of - tho s-nd + g-s (-ges)4 -nd the night4 whi"h is -lso of - tho s-nd + g-s7 d r-tion4 the# <now d-# -nd night. 7vya2taadvya2tayah sarvaah (rabhavantyaharaagame1 )aatryaagame (raleeyante tatraivaavya2tasam0na2e. 1B. (ro6 the n6-nifested -ll the 6-nifested (worlds) pro"eed -t the "o6ing of the Ed-#FJ -t the "o6ing of the EnightF the# dissolve veril# into th-t -lone whi"h is "-lled the n6-nifested. CO..ENTA6YG *o6ing of the Ed-#F is the "o66en"e6ent of "re-tion. *o6ing of the EnightF is the "o66en"e6ent of dissol tion. Bhootagraamah sa evaayam bhootwaa bhootwaa )aatryaagame6vashah (aartha (rabhavatyaharaagame. (raleeyate1

10. This s-6e 6 ltit de of beings4 born -g-in -nd -g-in4 is dissolved4 helplessl#4 ) :r; n-4 (into the n6-nifested) -t the "o6ing of the night4 -nd "o6es forth -t the "o6ing of the d-#H Parastasmaat tu bhaavo6nyo6vya2to6vya2taatsanaatanah1 /ah sa sarveshu bhooteshu nashyatsu na vinashyati. 20. C t veril# there eGists4 higher th-n the n6-nifested4 -nother Etern-l who is not destro#ed when -ll beings -re destro#ed. n6-nifested

CO..ENTA6YG :nother n6-nifested Etern-l refers to ,-r- Cr-h6-n4 whi"h is distin"t fro6 the n6-nifested (pri6ordi-l '-t re)4 -nd whi"h is of q ite - different n-t re. %t is s perior to $ir-n#-g-rbh- (the "re-tive %ntelligen"e) -nd the n6-nifested '-t re be"- se %t is their "- se. %t is not destro#ed when -ll beings fro6 Cr-h6down to - bl-de of gr-ss -re destro#ed. 7vya2to62shara ityu2tastamaahuh (aramaam /am (raa(ya na nivartante taddhaama (aramam mama. gatim1

B1

21. Wh-t is "-lled the 5n6-nifested -nd the %6perish-ble4 Th-t the# s-# is the highest go-l (p-th). The# who re-"h %t do not ret rn (to this "#"le of births -nd de-ths). Th-t is 9# highest -bode (pl-"e or st-te). Purushah sa (arah (aartha bha2tyaa /asyaantahsthaani bhootaani yena sarvamidam tatam. labhyastwananyayaa1

22. Th-t highest , r sh-4 ) :r; n-4 is -tt-in-ble b# nswerving devotion to $i6 -lone within who6 -ll beings dwell -nd b# who6 -ll this is perv-ded. /atra 2aale twanaavrittim aavrittim &haiva Prayaataa yaanti tam 2aalam va2shyaami bharatarshabha. yoginah1

2=. 'ow % will tell thee4 ) "hief of the Ch-r-t-s4 the ti6es dep-rting -t whi"h the +ogis will ret rn or not ret rnH 7gni0yotirahah shu2lah shanmaasaa 5atra (rayaataa ga&&hanti brahma brahmavido 0anaah. uttaraayanam1

2/. (ire4 light4 d-#ti6e4 the bright fortnight4 the siG 6onths of the northern p-th of the s n (northern solsti"e).dep-rting then (b# these)4 6en who <now Cr-h6-n go to Cr-h6-n. -hoomo raatristathaa 2rishnah shanmaasaa 5atra &haandramasam 0yotir yogee (raa(ya nivartate. da2shinaayanam1

2>. :tt-ining to the l n-r light b# s6o<e4 night2ti6e4 the d-r< fortnight or the siG 6onths of the so thern p-th of the s n (the so thern solsti"e)4 the +ogi ret rns. Shu2la2rishne gatee hyete 0agatah 82ayaa yaatyanaavrittim anyayaa6vartate (unah. shaashwate mate1

2@. The bright -nd the d-r< p-ths of the world -re veril# tho ght to be etern-lJ b# the one (the bright p-th) - person goes not to ret rn -g-in4 -nd b# the other (the d-r< p-th) he ret rns. CO..ENTA6YG The bright p-th is the p-th to the gods t-<en b# devotees. The d-r< p-th is of the 6-nes t-<en b# those who perfor6 s-"rifi"es or "h-rit-ble -"ts with the eGpe"t-tion of rew-rds. .aite sritee (aartha 0aanan yogee 5asmaat sarveshu 2aaleshu yogayu2to bhavaar0una. muhyati 2ash&hana1

2A. 8nowing these p-ths4 ) :r; n-4 no +ogi is del dedH Therefore4 -t -ll ti6es be ste-df-st in +og-. ,edeshu ya0neshu ta(ahsu -aaneshu yat (unya(halam 7tyeti tatsarvam idam /ogee (aram sthaanamu(aiti &haadyam. &haiva (radishtam4 viditwaa

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2B. Wh-tever fr its or 6erits is de"l-red (in the s"ript res) to -""r e fro6 (the st d# of) the ,edas, (the perfor6-n"e of) s-"rifi"es4 (the pr-"ti"e of) - sterities4 -nd (the offering of) gifts.be#ond -ll these goes the +ogi4 h-ving <nown thisJ -nd he -tt-ins to the s pre6e pri6ev-l (first or -n"ient) :bode. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade 72sharabrahmayogo .aama 7shtamo6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the eighth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga O% the Im1eri ha"#e Brahman:

IJ The Yoga o% the 5ing#( S&ien&e K the 5ing#( Se&ret

S!mmar( o% Ninth Di &o!r e
)bserving th-t :r; n- w-s - q -lified -spir-nt -nd endowed with f-ith4 8rishnde"l-res to hi6 the sovereign <nowledge -nd sovereign se"ret th-t is to be <nown b# dire"t eGperien"e. $e -dds th-t witho t f-ith in this <nowledge 6-n f-ils to re-"h 3od -nd is reborn to s ffer. 'ow the Lord pro"eeds to des"ribe $is n-t re -s the etern-l4 -ll2"o6prehensive Tr th. $e is ever#thing th-t is invisible -nd visible. $e perv-des ever#thing th-t eGists. $e "re-tes ever#thing4 s st-ins ever#thing4 -nd when fin-l dissol tion t-<es pl-"e4 -bsorbs ever#thing into $i6self. $e 6-nifests the6 -g-in when the neGt "re-tion begins. :ll beings who -re ignor-nt of this <nowledge -re "- ght helplessl# in the "#"le of birth -nd de-th. %n the 6idst of this "re-tion4 preserv-tion -nd dissol tion of the niverse4 the Lord st-nds -s - silent witness4 n-ffe"ted -nd n-tt-"hed. $e is the sole dire"tor4 s st-iner -nd s pervisor of $is *os6i" ,r-<riti. %gnor-nt beings -re not -ble to re"ognise the Lord in one who h-s re-lised $i6. :ltho gh these "r el beings -ss 6e - h 6-n for64 their n-t re is th-t of de6ons. The 3od2re-lised 9-h-t6-4 on the other h-nd4 is - 6-n of <nowledge4 -nd per"eives $i6 indwelling -ll beings -nd "re-t res. $e beholds the nderl#ing nit# of eGisten"e in -ll n-6es -nd for6s. The Lord7s divine prote"tion is -ss red to -ll those who t-<e ref ge in $i6. Wh-tever p-th - devotee follows4 he lti6-tel# re-"hes $i6. $e is the go-l of the v-rio s 6ethods of spirit -l pr-"ti"e. Devotion4 !ri 8rishn- e6ph-sises4 is the essen"e of -ll spirit -l dis"ipline. %f this s pre6e ele6ent is present4 then the devotee is freed fro6 bond-ge. The Lord observes the 6otive -nd degree of devotion. Even the 6ost sinf l -nd di-boli"-l 6-n4 if he t-<es - r-di"-l t rn tow-rds the p-th of righteo sness -nd B=

tr th4 re-"hes the Lord. Wh-tever vo"-tion one follows4 one "-n -tt-in the Lord if one see<s e-rnestl# -nd with loving devotion. The essenti-l thing is to fiG the 6ind on the Lord -nd dedi"-te ever#thing nto $i6.one7s bod#4 6ind4 -"tions4 e6otion -nd will. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 9dam tu te guhyatamam (rava2shyaamyanasooyave1 Jnaanam vi0naanasahitam ya00naatwaa mo2shyase6shubhaat. The Clessed Lord s-id: 1. % sh-ll now de"l-re to thee who does not "-vil4 the gre-test se"ret4 the <nowledge "o6bined with eGperien"e (!elf2re-lis-tion). $-ving <nown this4 tho sh-lt be free fro6 evil. )aa0avidyaa raa0aguhyam (avitramidamuttamam1 Pratya2shaavagamam dharmyam susu2ham 2artumavyayam. 2. This is the <ingl# s"ien"e4 the <ingl# se"ret4 the s pre6e p rifier4 re-lis-ble b# dire"t int ition-l <nowledge4 -""ording to righteo sness4 ver# e-s# to perfor6 -nd i6perish-ble. 7shraddhadhaanaah (urushaa dharmasyaasya 7(raa(ya maam nivartante mrityusamsaaravartmani. (aranta(a1

=. Those who h-ve no f-ith in this Dh-r6- (<nowledge of the !elf)4 ) ,-r-nt-p(:r; n-)4 ret rn to the p-th of this world of de-th witho t -tt-ining 9eH $ayaa tatamidam sarvam 0agadavya2tamoortinaa1 $atsthaani sarvabhootaani na &haaham teshvavasthitah. /. :ll this world is perv-ded b# 9e in 9# n6-nifest -spe"tJ -ll beings eGist in 9e4 b t % do not dwell in the6. .a &ha matsthaani bhootaani (ashya me yogamaishwaram1 Bhootabhrinna &ha bhootastho mamaatmaa bhootabhaavanah. >. 'or do beings eGist in 9e (in re-lit#): behold 9# divine +og-4 s pporting -ll beings4 b t not dwelling in the64 is 9# !elf4 the effi"ient "- se of beings. /athaa2aashasthito nityam vaayuh sarvatrago 5athaa sarvaani bhootaani matsthaaneetyu(adhaaraya. mahaan1

@. :s the 6ight# wind4 6oving ever#where4 rests -lw-#s in the ether4 even so4 <now tho th-t -ll beings rest in 9e. Sarvabhootaani 2aunteya (ra2ritim yaanti +al(a2shaye (unastaani 2al(aadau visri0aamyaham. maami2aam1

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A. :ll beings4 ) :r; n-4 enter into 9# '-t re -t the end of - 8-lp-J % send the6 forth -g-in -t the beginning of (the neGt) 8-lp-H Pra2ritim swaamavashtabhya visri0aami (unah Bhootagraamamimam 2ritsnamavasham (ra2ritervashaat. (unah1

B. :ni6-ting 9# '-t re4 % -g-in -nd -g-in send forth -ll this 6 ltit de of beings4 helpless b# the for"e of '-t re. .a &ha maam taani 2armaani nibadhnanti 'daaseenavadaaseenam asa2tam teshu 2armasu. dhanan0aya1

0. These -"tions do not bind 9e4 ) :r; n-4 sitting li<e one indifferent4 n-tt-"hed to those -"tsH $ayaa6dhya2shena (ra2ritih sooyate <etunaa6nena 2aunteya 0agadwi(arivartate. sa&haraa&haram1

10. 5nder 9e -s s pervisor4 '-t re prod "es the 6oving -nd the n6ovingJ be"- se of this4 ) :r; n-4 the world revolvesH 7va0aananti maam moodhaah maanusheem Param bhaavama0aananto mama bhootamaheshwaram. tanumaashritam1

11. (ools disreg-rd 9e4 "l-d in h 6-n for64 not <nowing 9# higher Ceing -s the gre-t Lord of (-ll) beings. CO..ENTA6YG (ools who do not h-ve dis"ri6in-tion despise 9e4 dwelling in h 6-n for6. % h-ve t-<en this bod# in order to bless 9# devotees. These fools h-ve no <nowledge of 9# higher Ceing. % -6 the gre-t Lord4 the ! pre6e. $oghaashaa mogha2armaano mogha0naanaa )aa2shaseemaasureem &haiva (ra2ritim mohineem shritaah. vi&hetasah1

12. )f v-in hopes4 of v-in -"tions4 of v-in <nowledge -nd senseless4 the# veril# -re possessed of the de"eitf l n-t re of de6ons -nd ndivine beings. $ahaatmaanastu maam (aartha daiveem Bha0antyananyamanaso 0naatwaa bhootaadimavyayam. (ra2ritimaashritaah1

1=. C t the gre-t so ls4 ) :r; n-4 p-rt-<ing of 9# divine n-t re4 worship 9e with single 6ind (with the 6ind devoted to nothing else)4 <nowing 9e -s the i6perish-ble so r"e of beingsH Satatam 2eertayanto maam yatantash&ha .amasyantash&ha maam bha2tyaa nityayu2taa u(aasate. dridhavrataah1

1/. :lw-#s glorif#ing 9e4 striving4 fir6 in vows4 prostr-ting before 9e4 the# worship 9e with devotion4 ever ste-df-st.

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Jnaanaya0nena &haa(yanye ya0anto 82atwena (ritha2twena bahudhaa vishwatomu2ham.

maamu(aasate1

1>. )thers -lso4 s-"rifi"ing with the wisdo62s-"rifi"e4 worship 9e4 the -ll2f-"ed4 -s one4 -s distin"t4 -nd -s 6-nifold. 7ham 2raturaham ya0nah swadhaa6hamahamaushadham1 $antro6hamahamevaa0yam ahamagniraham hutam. 1@. % -6 the 8r-t J % -6 the +-;n-J % -6 the offering (food) to the 6-nesJ % -6 the 6edi"in-l herb -nd -ll the pl-ntsJ % -6 the 9-ntr-J % -6 -lso the ghee or 6elted b tterJ % -6 the fireJ % -6 the obl-tion. Pitaahamasya 0agato maataa dhaataa ,edyam (avitramon2aara ri2saama ya0ureva &ha. (itaamahah1

1A. % -6 the f-ther of this world4 the 6other4 the dispenser of the fr its of -"tions4 -nd the gr-ndf-therJ the (one) thing to be <nown4 the p rifier4 the s-"red 6onos#ll-ble ()6)4 -nd -lso the )ig%, the Sama% -nd /a0ur ,edas. Gatirbhartaa (rabhuh saa2shee nivaasah sharanam Prabhavah (ralayah sthaanam nidhaanam bee0amavyayam. suhrit1

1B. % -6 the go-l4 the s pport4 the Lord4 the witness4 the -bode4 the shelter4 the friend4 the origin4 the dissol tion4 the fo nd-tion4 the tre-s re2ho se -nd the i6perish-ble seed. 5a(aamyahamaham varsham nigrihnaamyutsri0aami 7mritam &haiva mrityush&ha sadasa&&haahamar0una. &ha1

10. (:s the s n) % give he-tJ % withhold -nd send forth the r-inJ % -6 i66ort-lit# -nd -lso de-th4 eGisten"e -nd non2eGisten"e4 ) :r; n-H 5raividyaa maam soma(aah /a0nairishtwaa swargatim 5e (unyamaasaadya $ashnanti divyaan divi devabhogaan. (oota(aa(aa (raarthayante1 surendralo2a%

20. The <nowers of the three ,edas, the drin<ers of !o6-4 p rified of -ll sins4 worshipping 9e b# s-"rifi"es4 pr-# for the w-# to he-venJ the# re-"h the hol# world of the Lord of the gods -nd en;o# in he-ven the divine ple-s res of the gods. 5e bhu2twaa swargalo2am (unye martyalo2am 8vam trayeedharmamanu(ra(annaa Gataagatam 2aama2aamaa labhante. tam +sheene vishaalam vishanti1

21. The#4 h-ving en;o#ed the v-st he-ven4 enter the world of 6ort-ls when their 6erits -re eGh- stedJ th s -biding b# the in; n"tions of the three ",edas# -nd desiring (ob;e"ts of) desires4 the# -tt-in to the st-te of going -nd ret rning. B@

CO..ENTA6YG When their -"" 6 l-ted 6erits -re eGh- sted4 the# "o6e to this world -g-in. The# h-ve no independen"e. 7nanyaash&hintayanto maam ye 0anaah 5eshaam nityaabhiyu2taanaam yoga2shemam vahaamyaham. (aryu(aasate1

22. To those 6en who worship 9e -lone4 thin<ing of no other4 of those ever nited4 % se" re wh-t is not -lre-d# possessed -nd preserve wh-t the# -lre-d# possess. /e6(yanyadevataa bha2taa ya0ante 5e6(i maameva 2aunteya ya0antyavidhi(oorva2am. shraddhayaa6nvitaah1

2=. Even those devotees who4 endowed with f-ith4 worship other gods4 worship 9e onl#4 ) :r; n-4 b t b# the wrong 6ethodH 7ham hi sarvaya0naanaam bho2taa &ha .a tu maamabhi0aananti tattwenaatash&hyavanti te. (rabhureva &ha1

2/. ((or) % -lone -6 the en;o#er -nd -lso the Lord of -ll s-"rifi"esJ b t the# do not <now 9e in essen"e (in re-lit#)4 -nd hen"e the# f-ll (ret rn to this 6ort-l world). /aanti devavrataa devaan (itreen yaanti Bhutaani yaanti bhute0yaa yaanti madyaa0ino6(i maam. (itrivrataah1

2>. The worshippers of the gods go to the6J to the 6-nes go the -n"estor2 worshippersJ to the Deities who preside over the ele6ents go their worshippersJ 9# devotees "o6e to 9e. Patram (ush(am (halam toyam yo me bha2tyaa 5adaham bha2tyu(ahritamashnaami (rayataatmanah. (raya&&hati1

2@. Whoever offers 9e with devotion -nd - p re 6ind (he-rt)4 - le-f4 - flower4 - fr it or - little w-ter.% -""ept (this offering). /at2aroshi yadashnaasi ya00uhoshi /atta(asyasi 2aunteya tat2urushva madar(anam. dadaasi yat1

2A. Wh-tever tho doest4 wh-tever tho e-test4 wh-tever tho offerest in s-"rifi"e4 wh-tever tho givest4 wh-tever tho pr-"tiseth -s - sterit#4 ) :r; n-4 do it -s -n offering nto 9eH Shubhaashubha(halairevam mo2shyase Sannyaasayogayu2taatmaa vimu2to maamu(aishyasi. 2armabandhanaih1

2B. Th s sh-lt tho be freed fro6 the bonds of -"tions #ielding good -nd evil fr itsJ with the 6ind ste-df-st in the +og- of ren n"i-tion4 -nd liber-ted4 tho sh-lt "o6e nto 9e. Samo6ham sarvabhooteshu na me dweshyo6sti /e bha0anti tu maam bha2tyaa mayi te teshu &haa(yaham. na (riyah1

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20. The s-6e -6 % to -ll beingsJ to 9e there is none h-tef l or de-rJ b t those who worship 9e with devotion -re in 9e -nd % -6 -lso in the6. 7(i &het suduraa&haaro bha0ate Saadhureva sa mantavyah samyagvyavasito hi sah. maamananyabhaa21

=0. Even if the 6ost sinf l worships 9e4 with devotion to none else4 he too sho ld indeed be reg-rded -s righteo s4 for he h-s rightl# resolved. +shi(ram bhavati dharmaatmaa shashwa&&haantim +aunteya (rati0aaneehi na me bha2tah (ranashyati. niga&&hati1

=1. !oon he be"o6es righteo s -nd -tt-ins to etern-l pe-"eJ ) :r; n-4 <now tho for "ert-in th-t 9# devotee is never destro#edH $aam hi (aartha vya(aashritya ye6(i syuh Striyo vaishyaastathaa shoodraaste6(i yaanti (araam gatim. (aa(ayonayah1

=2. (or4 t-<ing ref ge in 9e4 the# -lso4 who4 ) :r; n-4 6-# be of sinf l birth. wo6en4 &-is#-s -s well -s ! dr-s.-tt-in the ! pre6e 3o-lH +im (unarbraahmanaah (unyaa bha2taa 7nityamasu2ham lo2am imam (raa(ya bha0aswa maam. raa0arshayastathaa1

==. $ow 6 "h 6ore e-sil# then the hol# Cr-h6ins -nd devoted ro#-l s-ints (-tt-in the go-l)J h-ving obt-ined this i6per6-nent -nd nh-pp# world4 do tho worship 9e. $anmanaa bhava madbha2to madyaa0ee maam $aamevaishyasi yu2twaivamaatmaanam mat(araayanah. namas2uru1

=/. (iG th# 6ind on 9eJ be devoted to 9eJ s-"rifi"e nto 9eJ bow down to 9eJ h-ving th s nited th# whole self with 9e4 t-<ing 9e -s the ! pre6e 3o-l4 tho sh-lt veril# "o6e nto 9e. CO..ENTA6YG The whole being of - 6-n sho ld be s rrendered to the Lord witho t reserv-tion. Then there will be - 6-rvello s tr-nsfor6-tion. $e will h-ve the vision of 3od ever#where. :ll sorrows -nd p-ins will v-nish. $is 6ind will be one with $i6. $e will for ever h-ve his life -nd being in the Lord -lone. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade )aa0avidyaa%raa0aguhyayogo .aama .avamo6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the ninth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the 5ing#( S&ien&e K the 5ing#( Se&ret:

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J The Yoga o% the Divine G#orie

S!mmar( o% Tenth Di &o!r e
8rishn- tells :r; n- th-t even the Dev-s -nd highl# evolved so ls f-il to nderst-nd how $e pro;e"ts $i6self -s the niverse -nd -ll its 6-nifest-tions. $e goes on to des"ribe the v-rio s q -lities th-t beings 6-nifest -""ording to their 8-r6-s. :ll these q -lities.wisdo64 tr th4 "ontent6ent4 et"..origin-te fro6 $i6. The tr e devotees of the Lord -re wholl# -bsorbed in $i6. The# h-ve "o6pletel# s rrendered to $i6 -nd thro gh single26inded devotion the# -re gr-nted the power of dis"ri6in-tion4 the dis"ri6in-tion th-t le-ds the6 fro6 the nre-l to the ?e-l. 8rishne6ph-ti"-ll# de"l-res th-t ignor-n"e is destro#ed -nd <nowledge g-ined thro gh Divine 3r-"e -lone. :r; n- -""epts the des"ent of the ! pre6e in - h 6-n for64 b t wishes to <now fro6 the Lord $i6self $is *os6i" powers b# 6e-ns of whi"h $e "ontrols the diverse for"es of the niverse. The Lord des"ribes $is Divine glories4 bringing within the r-nge of :r; n-7s "o6prehension $is li6itless 6-nifest-tions4 -nd how $e pholds ever#thing. %n short4 the Lord is the :l6ight# ,ower th-t "re-tes4 s st-ins -nd destro#s ever#thing. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Bhooya eva mahaabaaho shrinu me (aramam /atte6ham (reeyamaanaaya va2shyaami hita2aamyayaa. The Clessed Lord s-id: 1. :g-in4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 listen to 9# s pre6e word whi"h % sh-ll de"l-re to thee who -rt beloved4 for th# welf-reH CO..ENTA6YG The -ll2"o6p-ssion-te Lord in $is 6er"# w-nts to en"o r-ge :r; n- -nd "heer hi6 p4 -nd so $e $i6self "o6es forw-rd to give hi6 instr "tions witho t -n# req est h-ving been 6-de b# :r; n-. .a me viduh suraganaah (rabhavam na 7hamaadirhi devaanaam maharsheenaam &ha sarvashah. maharshayah1 va&hah1

2. 'either the hosts of the gods nor the gre-t s-ges <now 9# originJ for4 in ever# w-# % -6 the so r"e of -ll the gods -nd the gre-t s-ges. /o maama0amanaadim &ha vetti lo2amaheshwaram1 7sammoodhah sa martyeshu sarva(aa(aih (ramu&hyate.

B0

=. $e who <nows 9e -s nborn -nd beginningless4 -s the gre-t Lord of the worlds4 he4 -6ong 6ort-ls4 is ndel dedJ he is liber-ted fro6 -ll sins. CO..ENTA6YG :s the ! pre6e Ceing is the "- se of -ll the worlds4 $e is beginningless. :s $e is the so r"e of -ll the gods -nd the gre-t s-ges4 so there is no so r"e for $is own eGisten"e. :s $e is beginningless4 $e is nborn. $e is the gre-t Lord of -ll the worlds. Buddhir 0naanamasammohah 2shamaa satyam damah Su2ham duh2ham bhavo6bhaavo bhayam &haabhayameva &ha. shamah1

/. %ntelle"t4 wisdo64 non2del sion4 forgiveness4 tr th4 self2restr-int4 "-l6ness4 h-ppiness4 p-in4 birth or eGisten"e4 de-th or non2eGisten"e4 fe-r -nd -lso fe-rlessness4 7himsaa samataa tushtista(o daanam Bhavanti bhaavaa bhootaanaam matta eva (rithagvidhaah. yasho6yashah1

>. 'on2in; r#4 eq -ni6it#4 "ontent6ent4 - sterit#4 f-6e4 benefi"en"e4 ill2f-6e. (these) different <inds of q -lities of beings -rise fro6 9e -lone. $aharshayah sa(ta (oorve &hatwaaro manavastathaa1 $adbhaavaa maanasaa 0aataa yeshaam lo2a imaah (ra0aah. @. The seven gre-t s-ges4 the -n"ient fo r -nd -lso the 9-n s4 possessed of powers li<e 9e (on -""o nt of their 6inds being fiGed on 9e)4 were born of (9#) 6indJ fro6 the6 -re these "re-t res born in this world. 8taam vibhootim yogam &ha mama So6vi2am(ena yogena yu0yate naatra samshayah. yo vetti tattwatah1

A. $e who in tr th <nows these 6-nifold 6-nifest-tions of 9# Ceing -nd (this) +og-2 power of 9ine4 be"o6es est-blished in the nsh-<e-ble +og-J there is no do bt -bo t it. 7ham sarvasya (rabhavo mattah sarvam 9ti matwaa bha0ante maam budhaa bhaavasamanvitaah. (ravartate1

B. % -6 the so r"e of -llJ fro6 9e ever#thing evolvesJ nderst-nding th s4 the wise4 endowed with 6edit-tion4 worship 9e. $a&&hittaa madgata(raanaa bodhayantah +athayantash&ha maam nityam tushyanti &ha ramanti &ha. (aras(aram1

0. With their 6inds -nd lives entirel# -bsorbed in 9e4 enlightening e-"h other -nd -lw-#s spe-<ing of 9e4 the# -re s-tisfied -nd delighted. 5eshaam satatayu2taanaam bha0ataam -adaami buddhiyogam tam yena maamu(ayaanti te. (reeti(oorva2am1

00

10. To the6 who -re ever ste-df-st4 worshipping 9e with love4 % give the +og- of dis"ri6in-tion b# whi"h the# "o6e to 9e. CO..ENTA6YG The devotees who h-ve dedi"-ted the6selves to the Lord4 who -re ever h-r6onio s -nd self2-biding4 who -dore $i6 with intense love4 who -re ever devo t4 obt-in the Divine 3r-"e. 5eshaam evaanu2am(aartham aham a0naana0am .aashayaamyaatmabhaavastho 0naanadee(ena bhaaswataa. tamah1

11. ) t of 6ere "o6p-ssion for the64 %4 dwelling within their !elf4 destro# the d-r<ness born of ignor-n"e b# the l 6ino s l-6p of <nowledge. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: Param brahma (aram dhaama (avitram (aramam Purusham shaashvatam divyam aadidevama0am vibhum. :r; n- s-id: 12. Tho -rt the ! pre6e Cr-h6-n4 the s pre6e -bode (or the s pre6e light)4 the s pre6e p rifier4 the etern-l4 divine ,erson4 the pri6ev-l 3od4 nborn -nd o6nipresent. 7ahustwaam rishayah sarve devarshirnaaradastathaa1 7sito devalo vyaasah swayam &haiva braveeshi me. 1=. :ll the s-ges h-ve th s de"l-red Thee4 -s -lso the divine s-ge '-r-d-J so -lso :sit-4 Dev-l- -nd &#-s-J -nd now Tho Th#self s-#est so to 6e. Sarvametadritam manye yanmaam vadasi .a hi te bhagavan vya2tim vidurdevaa na daanavaah. 2eshava1 bhavaan1

1/. % believe -ll this th-t Tho s-#est to 6e -s tr e4 ) 8rishn-H &eril#4 ) blessed Lord4 neither the gods nor the de6ons <now Th# 6-nifest-tion (origin)H Swayamevaatmanaatmaanam vettha twam Bhootabhaavana bhootesha devadeva 0agat(ate. (urushottama1

1>. &eril#4 Tho Th#self <nowest Th#self b# Th#self4 ) ! pre6e ,erson4 ) so r"e -nd Lord of beings4 ) 3od of gods4 ) r ler of the worldH ,a2tum arhasyasheshena divyaa hyaatmavibhootayah1 /aabhir vibhootibhir lo2aanimaamstwam vyaa(ya tishthasi. 1@. Tho sho ldst indeed tell4 witho t reserve4 of Th# divine glories b# whi"h Tho eGisteth4 perv-ding -ll these worlds. ('one else "-n do so.) +atham vidyaamaham yogimstwaam sadaa +eshu 2eshu &ha bhaaveshu &hintyo6si bhagavanmayaa. (ari&hintayan1

01

1A. $ow sh-ll %4 ever 6edit-ting4 <now Thee4 ) +oginM %n wh-t -spe"ts or things4 ) blessed Lord4 -rt Tho to be tho ght of b# 6eM ,istarenaatmano yogam vibhootim &ha Bhooyah 2athaya tri(tirhi shrinvato naasti me6mritam. 0anaardana1

1B. Tell 6e -g-in in det-il4 ) 8rishn-4 of Th# +ogi" power -nd glor#J for % -6 not s-tisfied with wh-t % h-ve he-rd of Th# life2giving -nd ne"t-r2li<e spee"hH Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: <anta te 2athayishyaami divyaa hyaatmavibhootayah1 Praadhaanyatah 2urushreshtha naastyanto vistarasya me. The Clessed Lord s-id: 10. &er# well4 now % will de"l-re to thee 9# divine glories in their pro6inen"e4 ) :r; n-H There is no end to their det-iled des"ription. CO..ENTA6YG The Lord7s divine glories -re illi6it-ble. 7hamaatmaa gudaa2esha sarvabhootaashayasthitah1 7hamaadish&ha madhyam &ha bhootaanaamanta eva &ha. 20. % -6 the !elf4 ) 3 d-<esh-4 se-ted in the he-rts of -ll beingsH % -6 the beginning4 the 6iddle -nd -lso the end of -ll beings. 7adityaanaamaham vishnur 0yotishaam $aree&hirmarutaamasmi na2shatraanaamaham shashee. raviramshumaan1

21. :6ong the (twelve) :dit#-s4 % -6 &ishn J -6ong the l 6in-ries4 the r-di-nt s nJ % -6 9-ri"hi -6ong the (seven or fort#2nine) 9-r tsJ -6ong st-rs the 6oon -6 %. ,edaanaam saamavedo6smi devaanaam asmi 9ndriyaanaam manash&haasmi bhootaanaamasmi &hetanaa. vaasavah1

22. :6ong the ,edas % -6 the Sama ,eda1 % -6 &-s-v- -6ong the godsJ -6ong the senses % -6 the 6indJ -nd % -6 intelligen"e -6ong living beings. )udraanaam shan2arash&haasmi vittesho ya2shara2shasaam1 ,asoonaam (aava2ash&haasmi meruh shi2harinaamaham. 2=. :nd4 -6ong the ? dr-s % -6 !h-n<-r-J -6ong the +-<sh-s -nd ?-<sh-s-s4 the Lord of we-lth (8 ber-)J -6ong the &-s s % -6 ,-v-<- (fire)J -nd -6ong the (seven) 6o nt-ins % -6 the 9er . Purodhasaam &ha mu2hyam maam viddhi(aartha Senaaneenaamaham s2andah sarasaamasmi saagarah. brihas(atim1

02

2/. :nd4 -6ong the ho sehold priests (of <ings)4 ) :r; n-4 <now 9e to be the "hief4 Crih-sp-tiJ -6ong the -r6# gener-ls % -6 !<-nd-J -6ong l-<es % -6 the o"e-nH $aharsheenaam bhriguraham giraamasmye2ama2sharam1 /a0naanaam 0a(aya0no6smi sthaavaraanaam himaalayah. 2>. :6ong the gre-t s-ges % -6 Chrig J -6ong words % -6 the 6onos#ll-ble )6J -6ong s-"rifi"es % -6 the s-"rifi"e of silent repetitionJ -6ong i66ov-ble things the $i6-l-#-s % -6. CO..ENTA6YG ?epetition of the 9-ntr- is reg-rded -s the best of -ll +-;n-s or s-"rifi"es. There is no loss or in; r# in this +-;n-. 9-n s-#s: EWh-tever else the Cr-h6-n- 6-# or 6-# not do4 he -tt-ins s-lv-tion b# I-p- -loneF. 7shwatthah sarvavri2shaanaam devarsheenaam &ha Gandharvaanaam &hitrarathah siddhaanaam 2a(ilo munih. naaradah1

2@. :6ong the trees (% -6) the (ee(ulJ -6ong the divine s-ges % -6 '-r-d-J -6ong 3-ndh-rv-s % -6 *hitr-r-th-J -6ong the perfe"ted the s-ge 8-pil-. '&&haihshravasamashwaanaam viddhi maamamritodbhavam1 7iraavatam ga0endraanaam naraanaam &ha naraadhi(am. 2A. 8now 9e -s 5""h-isr-v-s4 born of ne"t-r -6ong horsesJ -6ong lordl# eleph-nts (% -6) the :ir-v-t-J -nd -6ong 6en4 the <ing. 7ayudhaanaamaham va0ram dhenoonaamasmi Pra0anash&haasmi 2andar(ah sar(aanaamasmi vaasu2ih. 2aamadhu21

2B. :6ong we-pons % -6 the th nderboltJ -6ong "ows % -6 the wish2f lfilling "ow "-lled ! r-bhiJ % -6 the progenitor4 the god of loveJ -6ong serpents % -6 &-s <i. 7nantash&haasmi naagaanaam varuno Pitreenaamaryamaa &haasmi yamah samyamataamaham. yaadasaamaham1

20. % -6 :n-nt- -6ong the '-g-sJ % -6 &-r n- -6ong w-ter2DeitiesJ :r#-6-n -6ong the 6-nes % -6J % -6 +-6- -6ong the governors. Prahlaadash&haasmi daityaanaam 2aalah 2alayataamaham1 $rigaanaam &ha mrigendro6ham vainateyash&ha (a2shinaam. =0. :nd4 % -6 ,r-hl-d -6ong the de6onsJ -6ong the re"<oners % -6 ti6eJ -6ong be-sts % -6 their <ing4 the lionJ -nd 3-r d- -6ong birds. Pavanah (avataamasmi raamah shastrabhritaamaham1 Jhashaanaam ma2arash&haasmi srotasaamasmi 0aahnavee. =1. :6ong the p rifiers (or the speeders) % -6 the windJ ?-6- -6ong the w-rriors -6 %J -6ong the fishes % -6 the sh-r<J -6ong the stre-6s % -6 the 3-ng-.

0=

Sargaanaamaadirantash&ha madhyam &haivaaham 7dhyaatmavidyaa vidyaanaam vaadah (ravadataamaham.

ar0una1

=2. :6ong "re-tions % -6 the beginning4 the 6iddle -nd -lso the end4 ) :r; n-H :6ong the s"ien"es % -6 the s"ien"e of the !elfJ -nd % -6 logi" -6ong "ontroversi-lists. 72sharaanaama2aaro6smi dwandwah saamaasi2asya 7hamevaa2shayah 2aalo dhaataaham vishwatomu2hah. &ha1

==. :6ong the letters of the -lph-bet4 the letter E:F % -64 -nd the d -l -6ong the "o6po nds. % -6 veril# the ineGh- stible or everl-sting ti6eJ % -6 the dispenser (of the fr its of -"tions)4 h-ving f-"es in -ll dire"tions. $rityuh sarvaharash&haaham udbhavash&ha bhavishyataam1 +eertih shreervaa2&ha naareenaam smritirmedhaadhritih 2shamaa. =/. :nd % -6 -ll2devo ring de-th4 -nd prosperit# of those who -re to be prospero sJ -6ong fe6inine q -lities (% -6) f-6e4 prosperit#4 spee"h4 6e6or#4 intelligen"e4 fir6ness -nd forgiveness. Brihatsaama tathaa saamnaam gaayatree &&handasaamaham1 $aasaanaam maargasheersho6hamritoonaam 2usumaa2arah. =>. :6ong the h#6ns -lso % -6 the Crih-ts-6-nJ -6ong 6etres 3-#-tri -6 %J -6ong the 6onths % -6 9-rg-sirs-J -6ong se-sons (% -6) the flower# se-son. -yootam &&halayataamasmi te0aste0aswinaamaham1 Jayo6smi vyavasaayo6smi sattwam sattwavataamaham. =@. % -6 the g-6bling of the fr- d lentJ % -6 the splendo r of the splendidJ % -6 vi"tor#J % -6 deter6in-tion (of those who -re deter6ined)J % -6 the goodness of the good. CO..ENTA6YG )f the v-rio s 6ethods of defr- ding others4 % -6 g-6bling4 s "h -s di"e2pl-#. 3-6bling is 9# 6-nifest-tion. % -6 power in the powerf l. % -6 vi"tor# in the vi"torio s. % -6 effort in those who 6-<e th-t effort. ,rishneenaam vaasudevo6smi (aandavaanaam $uneenaama(yaham vyaasah 2aveenaamushanaa 2avih. dhanan0ayah1

=A. :6ong &rishnis % -6 &-s dev-J -6ong the ,-nd-v-s % -6 :r; n-J -6ong s-ges % -6 &#-s-J -6ong poets % -6 5s-n-4 the poet. -ando damayataamasmi neetirasmi 0igeeshataam1 $aunam &haivaasmi guhyaanaam 0naanam 0naanavataamaham. =B. :6ong the p nishers % -6 the s"eptreJ -6ong those who see< vi"tor# % -6 st-tes6-nshipJ -nd -lso -6ong se"rets % -6 silen"eJ <nowledge -6ong <nowers % -6.

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/a&h&haa(i sarvabhootaanaam bee0am .a tadasti vinaa yatsyaanmayaa bhootam &haraa&haram.

tadahamar0una1

=0. :nd wh-tever is the seed of -ll beings4 th-t -lso -6 %4 ) :r; n-H There is no being4 whether 6oving or n6oving4 th-t "-n eGist witho t 9e. CO..ENTA6YG % -6 the pri6ev-l seed fro6 whi"h -ll "re-tion h-s "o6e into eGisten"e. % -6 the seed of ever#thing. % -6 the !elf of ever#thing. 'othing "-n eGist witho t 9e. Ever#thing is of 9# n-t re. % -6 the so l of ever#thing. .aanto6sti mama divyaanaam vibhooteenaam 8sha tooddeshatah (ro2to vibhootervistaro mayaa. (aranta(a1

/0. There is no end to 9# divine glories4 ) :r; n-4 b t this is - brief st-te6ent b# 9e of the p-rti" l-rs of 9# divine gloriesH /adyad vibhootimat sattwam shreemadoor0itameva 5attadevaavaga&&ha twam mama te0om6shasambhavam. vaa1

/1. Wh-tever being there is th-t is glorio s4 prospero s or powerf l4 th-t <now tho to be - 6-nifest-tion of - p-rt of 9# splendo r. 7thavaa bahunaitena 2im 0naatena ,ishtabhyaahamidam 2ritsname2aamshena sthito 0agat. tavaar0una1

/2. C t of wh-t -v-il to thee is the <nowledge of -ll these det-ils4 ) :r; n-M % eGist4 s pporting this whole world b# one p-rt of 9#self. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade ,ibhootiyogo .aama -ashamo6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the tenth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the Divine G#orie :

JI L MANOPQ RS> STU?QRSV RFV WSE?APXV YST@XV

0>

The Yoga o% the Vi ion o% the Co mi& Form

Z[TCBF\F RFV []^_PQRFV S?ABCQV S!mmar( o% E#eventh Di &o!r e
:r; n-7s do bts h-ving been re6oved thro gh - "le-r des"ription of the n-t re of the :t6-n -nd the origin -nd destr "tion of -ll "re-ted things4 he is now re-d# to behold the *os6i" &ision. PQRSTUV UWUXYZ[Z\ RX U]WX^R_\ZV TR` :r; n- ]abc ]XUV bUWRdV eZYXfYUWgV ThV WdbhV :t6-n iUX ThV eYRa_Z`bhV iUX ThV iUTUbTYRWgV j_cS TcS kh]XR`Yfh]aScS eYUf]lTcS4 Z\SUX TmYU aTRX]RV SU kZX TR nRb]Xij oYU]U. 8rishn- gr-nts hi6 the divine sight b# 6e-ns of whi"h :r; n- beholds the Lord -s the v-st *os6i" 9-nifest-tion. The vision is -t on"e a##3&om1rehen ive -nd si6 lt-neo s. %n ever# dire"tion :r; n- sees the Lord -s the entire niverse. :ll the "re-ted worlds4 gods4 beings4 "re-t res -nd things st-nd reve-led -s the one gig-nti" bod# of the Lord. p 8rishn- TR` QRYhfZ\ Th [Zqig jYUbh ]abc ThV ReR\UV R :r; n- ^_aeZX TRS ndYXR cV ThS reaYUSTh nRb]Xig sikg_cbh. tR jYU]U Z\SUX U]abcV NBSV3`[TA[PRAPN iUX TU`TjQYRSR. uZ il[Z iUTZd[`Sbh R :r; n- ^_aeZX TRS ndYXR cV R_ji_hYR TR bd]eUS. o_RX RX kh]XR`Yfh]aSRX ijb]RX4 RX vZR\4 TU jSTU4 TU e_lb]UTU iUX TU eYlf]UTU bTaiRSTUX UeRiU_`]]aSU bUS TR aSU fXfUSTXU\R bm]U TR` n`Y\R`. :r; n- f rther sees th-t the gre-t "os6i" dr-6- is set in 6otion -nd "ontrolled b# the a##3might( power of the Lord. $is Will -lone prev-ils in -ll things -nd -"tions4 both good -nd b-d. The Lord eGhorts hi6 to fight4 he being onl# -n -pp-rent "- se of the destr "tion of his ene6ies. tR :r; n- Ze\ e_aRS ^_aeZX jTX TR ]Zfl_R iRb]Xij kYl]U [aTZTUX bZ i\Shbh iUX Z_afQZTUX Uej ThS `Q]CEa>TF kdSU]h TR` n`Y\R`. w [a_hbg tR` iUX ]jSR ZeXiYUTZ\ bZ j_U TU eYlf]UTU iUX TXV kYlbZXV4 iUX bTU iU_l iUX bTU iUil. p ndYXRV TRS eYRTYaeZX SU eR_Z]gbZX4 U`TjV Z\SUX ]jSR ]XU WUXSR]ZSXig UXT\U ThV iUTUbTYRWgV TcS ZQ[YmS TR`. :r; n- is n-ble to be-r the press re of the s dden eGp-nsion of "ons"io sness -nd is filled with fe-r. $e begs the Lord to -ss 6e on"e 6ore $is s -l for6. tR :r; n- Z\SUX US\iUSRV SU USTaxZX ThS e\Zbh ThV xUWSXigV ZeaiTUbhV ThV b`SZXkhTjThTUV iUX TRS e_h]]`Y\yZX R Wj^RV. ziZTZdZX TRS ndYXR SU eYRb_l^ZX xUSl Th b`Sh[Xb]aSh ]RYWg TR`. 8rishn- reiter-tes th-t this vision "-nnot be h-d thro gh -n# -6o nt of - sterities4 st d#4 s-"rifi"es or phil-nthrophi" -"ts. ! pre6e devotion is the onl# 6e-ns b# whi"h one "-n h-ve -""ess to $is gr-nd vision.

0@

p 8rishn- ZeUSU_U]^lSZX jTX U`Tj TR jYU]U kZS ]eRYZ\ SU `elYxZX ]abc ReRXR`kgeRTZ eRbRd U`TReZX[UYQZXmS4 ]Z_aThV4 [`bXmS g WX_US[YceXimS eYlxZcS. w USmTUTh UWRb\cbh Z\SUX R ]jSRV TYjeRV ]Z TRS ReR\R ileRXRV ]eRYZ\ SU aQZX eYjb^Ubh bTR ]Zfl_R jYU]l tR`. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: $adanugrahaaya (aramam guhyamadhyaatmasam0nitam1 /attwayo2tam va&hastena moho6yam vigato mama. :r; n- s-id: 1. C# this eGpl-n-tion of the highest se"ret "on"erning the !elf4 whi"h Tho h-st spo<en o t of "o6p-ssion tow-rds 6e 6# del sion is gone. CO..ENTA6YG :fter he-ring the glories of the Lord4 :r; n- h-s -n intense longing to h-ve the wonderf l *os6i" &ision. Bhavaa(yayau hi bhootaanaam shrutau vistarasho 5wattah 2amala(atraa2sha maahaatmyama(i &haavyayam. mayaa1

2. The origin -nd the destr "tion of beings veril# h-ve been he-rd b# 6e in det-il fro6 Thee4 ) lot s2e#ed Lord4 -nd -lso Th# ineGh- stible gre-tnessH 8vametadyathaattha twamaatmaanam -rashtumi&&haami te roo(amaishwaram (urushottama. (arameshwara1

=. ('ow)4 ) ! pre6e Lord4 -s Tho h-st th s des"ribed Th#self4 ) ! pre6e ,erson4 % wish to see Th# Divine (or6H $anyase yadi ta&&ha2yam mayaa drashtumiti /ogeshwara tato me twam darshayaatmaanamavyayam. (rabho1

/. %f Tho 4 ) Lord4 thin<est it possible for 6e to see it4 do Tho 4 then4 ) Lord of the +ogis4 show 6e Th# i6perish-ble !elfH Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Pashya me (aartha roo(aani shatasho6tha .aanaavidhaani divyaani naanaavarnaa2riteeni &ha. The Clessed Lord s-id: >. Cehold4 ) :r; n-4 9# for6s b# the h ndreds -nd tho s-nds4 of different sorts4 divine -nd of v-rio s "olo rs -nd sh-pesH Pashyaadityaan vasoon rudraan ashwinau Bahoonyadrishta(oorvaani (ashyaash&haryaani bhaarata. marutastathaa1 sahasrashah1

0A

@. Cehold the :dit#-s4 the &-s s4 the ? dr-s4 the two :svins -nd -lso the 9-r tsJ behold 6-n# wonders never seen before4 ) :r; n-H 9hai2astham 0agat2ritsnam (ashyaadya $ama dehe gudaa2esha ya&h&haanyad drashtumi&&hasi. sa&haraa&haram1

A. 'ow behold4 ) :r; n-4 in this4 9# bod#4 the whole niverse "entred in the one. in"l ding the 6oving -nd the n6oving.-nd wh-tever else tho desirest to seeH .a tu maam sha2yase drashtum anenaiva -ivyam dadaami te &ha2shuh (ashya me yogamaishwaram. swa&ha2shushaa1

B. C t tho -rt not -ble to behold 9e with these4 thine own e#esJ % give thee the divine e#eJ behold 9# lordl# +og-. CO..ENTA6YG 'o flesh# e#e "-n behold 9e in 9# *os6i" (or6. )ne "-n see 9e onl# thro gh the e#e of int ition or the divine e#e. %t sho ld not be "onf sed with seeing thro gh the ph#si"-l e#e or thro gh the 6ind. %t is -n inner divine eGperien"e -tt-ined thro gh intense devotion -nd "on"entr-tion. San0aya 'vaa&ha: 8vamu2twaa tato raa0an mahaayogeshwaro -arshayaamaasa (aarthaaya (aramam roo(amaishwaram. !-n;-#- s-id: 0. $-ving th s spo<en4 ) <ing4 the gre-t Lord of +og-4 $-ri (8rishn-)4 showed to :r; n- $is s pre6e for6 -s the LordH 7ne2ava2tra nayanam ane2aadbhuta 7ne2adivyaabharanam divyaane2odyataayudham. darshanam1 harih1

10. With n 6ero s 6o ths -nd e#es4 with n 6ero s wonderf l sights4 with n 6ero s divine orn-6ents4 with n 6ero s divine we-pons plifted (s "h - for6 $e showed). -ivyamaalyaambaradharam divyagandhaanule(anam1 Sarvaash&haryamayam devam anantam vishwatomu2ham. 11. We-ring divine g-rl-nds -nd -pp-rel4 -nointed with divine ng ents4 the -ll2 wonderf l4 resplendent (Ceing)4 endless4 with f-"es on -ll sides4 -ivi sooryasahasrasya bhavedyuga(adutthitaa1 /adi bhaah sadrishee saa syaadbhaasastasya mahaatmanah. 12. %f the splendo r of - tho s-nd s ns were to bl-Ke o t -t on"e (si6 lt-neo sl#) in the s<#4 th-t wo ld be the splendo r of th-t 6ight# Ceing (gre-t so l). 5atrai2astham 0agat2ritsnam (ravibha2tamane2adhaa1 7(ashyaddevadevasya shareere (aandavastadaa. 0B

1=. There4 in the bod# of the 3od of gods4 :r; n- then s-w the whole niverse resting in the one4 with its 6-n# gro ps. 5atah sa vismayaavishto hrishtaromaa Pranamya shirasaa devam 2ritaan0alirabhaashata. dhanan0ayah1

1/. Then4 :r; n-4 filled with wonder -nd with h-ir st-nding on end4 bowed down his he-d to the Lord -nd spo<e with ;oined p-l6s. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: Pashyaami devaamstava deva dehe Sarvaamstathaa bhootavisheshasanghaan1 Brahmaanameesham 2amalaasanastha% $risheemsh&ha sarvaanuragaamsh&ha divyaan. :r; n- s-id: 1>. % behold -ll the gods4 ) 3od4 in Th# bod#4 -nd hosts of v-rio s "l-sses of beingsJ Cr-h6-4 the Lord4 se-ted on the lot s4 -ll the s-ges -nd the "elesti-l serpentsH 7ne2abaahoodarava2tranetram Pashyaami twaam .aantam na madhyam Pashyaami vishweshwara vishwaroo(a. sarvato6nantaroo(am1 (unastavaadim

na

1@. % see Thee of bo ndless for6 on ever# side4 with 6-n# -r6s4 sto6-"hs4 6o ths -nd e#esJ neither the end nor the 6iddle nor -lso the beginning do % see4 ) Lord of the niverse4 ) *os6i" (or6H +ireetinam gadinam &ha2rinam 5e0oraashim sarvato Pashyaami twaam durniree2shyam -ee(taanalaar2adyutima(rameyam. &ha, dee(timantam1 samantaad

1A. % see Thee with the di-de64 the "l b -nd the dis" s4 - 6-ss of r-di-n"e shining ever#where4 ver# h-rd to loo< -t4 bl-King -ll ro nd li<e b rning fire -nd the s n4 -nd i66e-s r-ble. 5wama2sharam (aramam veditavyam 5wamasya vishwasya (aram nidhaanam1 5wamavyayah shaashwatadharmago(taa Sanaatanastwam (urusho mato me. 1B. Tho -rt the %6perish-ble4 the ! pre6e Ceing4 worth# of being <nownJ Tho -rt the gre-t tre-s re2ho se of this niverseJ Tho -rt the i6perish-ble prote"tor of the etern-l Dh-r6-J Tho -rt the -n"ient ,erson4 % dee6. 7naadimadhyaantamanantaveeryam 7nantabaahum shashisooryanetram1 00

Pashyaami twaam Swate0asaa vishwamidam ta(antam.

dee(tahutaashava2tram

10. % see Thee witho t beginning4 6iddle or end4 infinite in power4 of endless -r6s4 the s n -nd the 6oon being Th# e#es4 the b rning fire Th# 6o th4 he-ting the entire niverse with Th# r-di-n"e. -yaavaa(rithivyoridamantaram hi ,yaa(tam twayai2ena dishash&ha -rishtwaa6dbhutam roo(amugram ;o2atrayam (ravyathitam mahaatman. sarvaah1 tavedam

20. The sp-"e between the e-rth -nd the he-ven -nd -ll the q -rters -re filled b# Thee -loneJ h-ving seen this4 Th# wonderf l -nd terrible for64 the three worlds -re tre6bling with fe-r4 ) gre-t2so led CeingH 7mee hi twaam surasanghaah +e&hid bheetaah (raan0alayo Swasteetyu2twaa maharshisiddhasanghaah Stuvanti twaam stutibhih (ush2alaabhih. vishanti grinanti1

21. &eril#4 into Thee enter these hosts of godsJ so6e eGtol Thee in fe-r with ;oined p-l6s: E9-# it be well.F !-#ing th s4 b-nds of gre-t s-ges -nd perfe"ted ones pr-ise Thee with "o6plete h#6ns. )udraadityaa vasavo ye &ha saadhyaa ,ishwe6shvinau marutash&hoshma(aash&ha1 Gandharvaya2shaasurasiddhasanghaa ,ee2shante twaam vismitaash&haiva sarve. 22. The ? dr-s4 :dit#-s4 &-s s4 !-dh#-s4 &isvedev-s4 the two :svins4 9-r ts4 the 6-nes -nd hosts of "elesti-l singers4 +-<sh-s4 de6ons -nd the perfe"ted ones4 -re -ll loo<ing -t Thee in gre-t -stonish6ent. )oo(am bahuva2tranetram bahubaahooru(aadam1 Bahoodaram bahudamshtraa2araalam -rishtwaa lo2aah (ravyathitaastathaa6ham. 2=. $-ving beheld Th# i66e-s r-ble for6 with 6-n# 6o ths -nd e#es4 ) 6ight#2 -r6ed4 with 6-n# -r6s4 thighs -nd feet4 with 6-n# sto6-"hs4 -nd fe-rf l with 6-n# teeth4 the worlds -re terrified -nd so -6 %H .abhahs(risham dee(tamane2avarnam ,yaattaananam dee(tavishaalanetram1 -rishtwaa hi twaam (ravyathitaantaraatmaa -hritim na vindaami shamam &ha vishno. mahat $ahaabaaho te

100

2/. )n seeing Thee (the *os6i" (or6) to "hing the s<#4 shining in 6-n# "olo rs4 with 6o ths wide open4 with l-rge4 fier# e#es4 % -6 terrified -t he-rt -nd find neither "o r-ge nor pe-"e4 ) &ishn H -amshtraa2araalaani &ha -rishtwaiva -isho na 0aane na Praseeda devesha 0agannivaasa. te mu2haani 2aalaanalasannibhaani1 labhe &ha sharma

2>. $-ving seen Th# 6o ths4 fe-rf l with teeth4 bl-King li<e the fires of "os6i" dissol tion4 % <now not the fo r q -rters4 nor do % find pe-"e. $-ve 6er"#4 ) Lord of the godsH ) -bode of the niverseH 7mee &ha twaam Sarve Bheeshmo dronah Sahaasmadeeyaira(i yodhamu2hyaih. dhritaraashtrasya (utraah sahaivaavani(aalasanghaih1 soota(utrastathaa6sau

2@. :ll the sons of Dhrit-r-shtr- with the hosts of <ings of the e-rth4 Chish6-4 Dron-nd 8-rn-4 with the "hief -6ong -ll o r w-rriors4 ,a2traani te twaramaanaa vishanti -amshtraa2araalaani bhayaana2aani1 +e&hidwilagnaa dashanaantareshu Sandrishyante &hoornitairuttamaangaih. 2A. The# h rriedl# enter into Th# 6o ths with terrible teeth -nd fe-rf l to behold. !o6e -re fo nd sti"<ing in the g-ps between the teeth4 with their he-ds "r shed to powder. /athaa nadeenaam Samudramevaabhimu2haah 5athaa tavaamee ,ishanti va2traanyabhivi0walanti. bahavo6mbuvegaah dravanti1 naralo2aveeraah

2B. &eril#4 ; st -s 6-n# torrents of rivers flow tow-rds the o"e-n4 even so these heroes of the world of 6en enter Th# fl-6ing 6o ths. CO..ENTA6YG :r; n- sees -ll the w-rriors4 who6 he did not wish to <ill4 r shing to de-th. $e <nows now th-t the Lord h-s -lre-d# destro#ed the64 so wh# sho ld he worr# -bo t the inevit-ble. /athaa (radee(tam 0walanam (atangaa ,ishanti naashaaya samriddhavegaah1 5athaiva naashaaya vishanti lo2aas 5avaa(i va2traani samriddhavegaah. 20. :s 6oths h rriedl# r sh into - bl-King fire for (their own) destr "tion4 so -lso these "re-t res h rriedl# r sh into Th# 6o ths for (their own) destr "tion.

101

;elihyase

;o2aan 5e0obhiraa(oorya Bhaasastavograah (rata(anti vishno.

grasamaanah samagraan

samantaal vadanair 0waladbhih1 0agatsamagram

=0. Tho li"<est p4 devo ring -ll the worlds on ever# side with Th# fl-6ing 6o ths. Th# fier"e r-#s4 filling the whole world with r-di-n"e4 -re b rning4 ) &ishn H 7a2hyaahi me 2o bhavaanugraroo(o .amo6stu te devavara (raseeda1 ,i0naatumi&&haami bhavantamaadyam .a hi (ra0aanaami tava (ravrittim. =1. Tell 6e4 who Tho -rt4 so fier"e in for6. !-l t-tions to Thee4 ) 3od ! pre6eH $-ve 6er"#J % desire to <now Thee4 the origin-l Ceing. % <now not indeed Th# doing. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: +aalo6smi lo2a2shaya2rit (ravriddho ;o2aan samaahartumiha (ravrittah1 )ite6(i twaam na bhavishyanti sarve /e6wasthitaah (ratyanee2eshu yodhaah. The Clessed Lord s-id: =2. % -6 the 6ight# world2destro#ing Ti6e4 now eng-ged in destro#ing the worlds. Even witho t thee4 none of the w-rriors -rr-#ed in the hostile -r6ies sh-ll live. 5asmaat twam uttishtha Jitwaa shatroon bhung2shwa $ayaivaite nihataah .imittamaatram bhava savyasaa&hin. yasho labhaswa raa0yam samriddham1 (oorvameva

==. Therefore4 st-nd p -nd obt-in f-6e. *onq er the ene6ies -nd en;o# the nriv-lled <ingdo6. &eril#4 the# h-ve -lre-d# been sl-in b# 9eJ be tho - 6ere instr 6ent4 ) :r; n-H -ronam &ha bheeshmam &ha 0ayadratham &ha +arnam tathaa6nyaana(i yodhaveeraan1 $ayaa hataamstwam 0ahi maa vyathishthaa /udhyaswa 0etaasi rane sa(atnaan. =/. Dron-4 Chish6-4 I-#-dr-th-4 8-rn- -nd -ll the other "o r-geo s w-rriors.these h-ve -lre-d# been sl-in b# 9eJ do tho <illJ be not distressed with fe-rJ fight -nd tho sh-lt "onq er th# ene6ies in b-ttle. San0aya 'vaa&ha: 8ta&&hrutwaa va&hanam +ritaan0alirve(amaanah 2eshavasya 2ireetee1 102

.amas2ritwaa bhooya Sagadgadam bheetabheetah (ranamya. !-n;-#- s-id:

evaaha

2rishnam

=>. $-ving he-rd th-t spee"h of Lord 8rishn-4 the "rowned one (:r; n-)4 with ;oined p-l6s4 tre6bling4 prostr-ting hi6self4 -g-in -ddressed 8rishn-4 in - "ho<ed voi"e4 bowing down4 overwhel6ed with fe-r. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: Sthaane hrishee2esha tava Jagat (rahrishyatyanura0yate )a2shaamsi bheetaani disho Sarve namasyanti &ha siddhasanghaah. :r; n- s-id: =@. %t is 6eet4 ) 8rishn-4 th-t the world delights -nd re;oi"es in Th# pr-iseJ de6ons fl# in fe-r to -ll q -rters -nd the hosts of the perfe"ted ones bow to TheeH +asmaa&h&ha te na Gareeyase 7nanta devesha 5wama2sharam sadasattat(aram yat. nameran mahaatman brahmano6(yaadi2artre1 0agannivaasa (ra2eertyaa &ha1 dravanti

=A. :nd wh# sho ld the# not4 ) gre-t so l4 bow to Thee who -rt gre-ter (th-n -ll else)4 the pri6-l "- se even of (Cr-h6-) the "re-tor4 ) %nfinite CeingH ) Lord of the godsH ) -bode of the niverseH Tho -rt the i6perish-ble4 the Ceing4 the non2being -nd Th-t whi"h is the s pre6e (th-t whi"h is be#ond the Ceing -nd non2being). CO..ENTA6YG The Lord is 9-h-t6-. $e is gre-ter th-n -ll else. $e is the i6perish-ble4 so $e is the proper ob;e"t of worship4 love -nd delight. 5wamaadidevah (urushah (uraanas 5wamasya vishwasya (aram nidhaanam1 ,ettaasi vedyam &ha (aram &ha dhaama 5wayaa tatam vishwamanantaroo(a. =B. Tho -rt the pri6-l 3od4 the -n"ient , r sh-4 the s pre6e ref ge of this niverse4 the <nower4 the <now-ble -nd the s pre6e -bode. C# Thee is the niverse perv-ded4 ) Ceing of infinite for6sH ,aayuryamo6gnirvarunah Pra0aa(atistwam .amo namaste6stu Punash&ha bhooyo6(i namo namaste. shashaan2ah (ra(itaamahash&ha1 sahasra2ritwah

10=

=0. Tho -rt &-# 4 +-6-4 :gni4 &-r n-4 the 6oon4 the "re-tor4 -nd the gre-t2 gr-ndf-ther. !-l t-tions4 s-l t-tions nto Thee4 - tho s-nd ti6es4 -nd -g-in s-l t-tions4 s-l t-tions nto TheeH .amah (urastaadatha .amo6stu te sarvata 7nantaveeryaamitavi2ramastwam Sarvam samaa(noshi tato6si sarvah. (rishthataste eva sarva1

/0. !-l t-tions to Thee fro6 front -nd fro6 behindH !-l t-tions to Thee on ever# sideH ) :llH Tho infinite in power -nd prowess4 perv-dest -llJ wherefore Tho -rt -ll. Sa2heti matwaa (rasabham <e 2rishna he yaadava 70aanataa mahimaanam $ayaa (ramaadaat (ranayena vaa(i. yadu2tam he sa2heti1 tavedam

/1. Wh-tever % h-ve pres 6pt o sl# ttered fro6 love or "-relessness4 -ddressing Thee -s ) 8rishn-H ) +-d-v-H ) (riendH reg-rding Thee 6erel# -s - friend4 n<nowing of this4 Th# gre-tness4 /a&h&haavahaasaartham asat2rito6si ,ihaarashayyaasanabho0aneshu1 82o6thavaa(ya&hyuta tatsama2sham 5at2shaamaye twaamaham a(rameyam. /2. %n wh-tever w-# % 6-# h-ve ins lted Thee for the s-<e of f n while -t pl-#4 reposing4 sitting or -t 6e-ls4 when -lone (with Thee)4 ) :"h# t-4 or in "o6p-n#. th-t % i6plore Thee4 i66e-s r-ble one4 to forgiveH Pitaasi lo2asya 5wamasya (oo0yash&ha .a twatsamo6styabhyadhi2ah ;o2atraye6(ya(ratima(rabhaava. &haraa&harasya gururgareeyaan1 2uto6nyo

/=. Tho -rt the (-ther of this world4 n6oving -nd 6oving. Tho -rt to be -dored b# this world. Tho -rt the gre-test 3 r J (for) none there eGists who is eq -l to TheeJ how then "-n there be -nother s perior to Thee in the three worlds4 ) Ceing of neq -lled powerM 5asmaat(ranamya (ranidhaaya 2aayam Prasaadaye twaamahameeshameedyam1 Piteva (utrasya sa2heva sa2hyuh Priyah (riyaayaarhasi deva sodhum. //. Therefore4 bowing down4 prostr-ting 6# bod#4 % "r-ve Th# forgiveness4 ) -dor-ble LordH :s - f-ther forgives his son4 - friend his (de-r) friend4 - lover his beloved4 even so sho ldst Tho forgive 6e4 ) 3odH

10/

7drishta(oorvam hrishito6smi Bhayena &ha (ravyathitam 5adeva me darshaya deva Praseeda devesha 0agannivaasa.

drishtwaa mano me1 roo(am

/>. % -6 delighted4 h-ving seen wh-t h-s never been seen beforeJ -nd #et 6# 6ind is distressed with fe-r. !how 6e th-t (previo s) for6 onl#4 ) 3odH $-ve 6er"#4 ) 3od of godsH ) -bode of the niverseH +ireetinam gadinam 9&&haami twaam 5enaiva roo(ena Sahasrabaaho bhava vishwamoorte. &ha2rahastam drashtumaham tathaiva1 &haturbhu0ena

/@. % desire to see Thee -s before4 "rowned4 be-ring - 6-"e4 with the dis" s in h-nd4 in Th# for6er for6 onl#4 h-ving fo r -r6s4 ) tho s-nd2-r6ed4 *os6i" (or6 (Ceing)H Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: $ayaa (rasannena tavaar0unedam (aram darshitamaatmayogaat1 5e0omayam vishwamanantamaadyam /anme twadanyena na drishta(oorvam. )oo(am The Clessed Lord s-id: /A. ) :r; n-4 this *os6i" (or6 h-s gr-"io sl# been shown to thee b# 9e b# 9# own +ogi" powerJ f ll of splendo r4 pri6ev-l4 -nd infinite4 this *os6i" (or6 of 9ine h-s never been seen before b# -n#one other th-n th#self. .a vedaya0naadhyayanairna &ha 2riyaabhirna 8vam roo(ah sha2ya aham -rashtum twadanyena 2aru(raveera. .a daanair ta(obhirugraih1 nrilo2e

/B. 'either b# the st d# of the ,edas -nd s-"rifi"es4 nor b# gifts4 nor b# rit -ls4 nor b# severe - sterities4 "-n % be seen in this for6 in the world of 6en b# -n# other th-n th#self4 ) gre-t hero of the 8 r s (:r; n-)H $aa te vyathaa maa -rishtwaa roo(am ,ya(etabheeh (reetamanaah 5adeva me roo(amidam (ra(ashya. &ha vimoodhabhaavo ghorameedringmamedam1 (unastwam

/0. Ce not -fr-id nor bewildered on seeing s "h - terrible for6 of 9ine -s thisJ with th# fe-r entirel# dispelled -nd with - gl-ddened he-rt4 now behold -g-in this for6er for6 of 9ine. San0aya 'vaa&ha: 10>

9tyar0unam vaasudevastatho2twaa Swa2am roo(am darshayaamaasa bhooyah1 7ashwaasayaamaasa &ha bheetamenam Bhootwaa (unah saumyava(urmahaatmaa. !-n;-#- s-id: >0. $-ving th s spo<en to :r; n-4 8rishn- -g-in showed $is own for6J -nd the gre-t so l (8rishn-)4 -ss 6ing $is gentle for64 "onsoled hi6 who w-s terrified (:r; n-). 7r0una 'vaa&ha: -rishtwedam maanusham roo(am tava saumyam 9daaneemasmi samvrittah sa&hetaah (ra2ritim gatah. :r; n- s-id: >1. $-ving seen this Th# gentle h 6-n for64 ) 8rishn-4 now % -6 "o6posed -nd restored to 6# own n-t reH Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Sudurdarshamidam roo(am drishtavaanasi -evaa a(yasya roo(asya nityam darshana2aang2shinah. The Clessed Lord s-id: >2. &er# h-rd indeed it is to see this for6 of 9ine whi"h tho h-st seen. Even the gods -re ever longing to behold it. .aa ham vedairna ta(asaa na daanena Sha2ya evamvidho drashtum drishtavaanasi maam yathaa. na &he0yayaa1 yanmama1 0anaardana1

>=. 'either b# the ,edas, nor b# - sterit#4 nor b# gift4 nor b# s-"rifi"e4 "-n % be seen in this for6 -s tho h-st seen 9e (so e-sil#). Bha2tyaa twananyayaa sha2yam aham evamvidho6r0una1 Jnaatum drashtum &ha tattwena (raveshtum &ha (aranta(a. >/. C t b# single26inded devotion "-n %4 of this for64 be <nown -nd seen in re-lit# -nd -lso entered into4 ) :r; n-H $at2arma2rinmat(aramo madbha2tah .irvairah sarvabhooteshu yah sa maameti (aandava. sangavar0itah1

>>. $e who does -ll -"tions for 9e4 who loo<s pon 9e -s the ! pre6e4 who is devoted to 9e4 who is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent4 who be-rs en6it# tow-rds no "re-t re4 he "o6es to 9e4 ) :r; n-H

10@

CO..ENTA6YG This is the essen"e of the whole te-"hing of the Gita. $e who pr-"tises this te-"hing -tt-ins s pre6e bliss -nd i66ort-lit#. ! "h - one re-lises $i6 -nd enters into $is Ceing4 be"o6ing "o6pletel# one with $i6. This verse "ont-ins the s 66-r# of the entire Gita philosoph#. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade ,ishwaroo(a -arshanayogo .aama 82aadasho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the eleventh dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the Vi ion o% the Co mi& Form:

JII The Yoga o% Devotion

S!mmar( o% Twe#%th Di &o!r e
The twelfth dis"o rse indi"-tes th-t the p-th of devotion is e-sier th-n the p-th of <nowledge. %n this p-th the -spir-nt worships 3od in $is *os6i" (or6 of the ! pre6e ,erson-lit#. $e develops - loving rel-tionship with $i64 -dores $i64 re6e6bers $i6 -nd "h-nts $is glories -nd '-6e. $e th s effe"ts nion with the Lord -nd -tt-ins not onl# $is for6less -spe"t b t -lso the Lord -s the 6-nifest niverse. The p-th of <nowledge4 whereb# the -spir-nt 6edit-tes on the for6less Cr-h6-n4 is 6ore diffi" lt -s he h-s to give p his -tt-"h6ent to the bod# fro6 the ver# beginning. $e h-s to h-ve disp-ssion for the things of the world. $ow to pr-"tise devotionM 8rishn- -s<s :r; n- to fiG his entire 6ind on $i6. :s often -s the 6ind w-nders it sho ld be bro ght b-"< to the Lord. %f this pro"ess of "on"entr-tion is diffi" lt he sho ld dedi"-te -ll his -"tions to $i64 feeling th-t it is $is power th-t -"tiv-tes ever#thing. %f this -lso is be#ond his -bilit#4 he sho ld offer -ll his -"tions to the Lord4 -b-ndoning the desire for their fr its. $e sho ld t-<e "o6plete ref ge in $i6. The devotee who s rrenders hi6self to the Lord -tt-ins perfe"t pe-"e. The Lord goes on to des"ribe the q -lities th-t - tr e devotee possesses. $e neither -tt-"hes hi6self to -n#thing nor does he h-ve -n# -version to things. $e h-s b-l-n"ed 6ind nder -ll "ir" 6st-n"es. $e is not -git-ted b# the h-ppenings of the world4 nor does he hi6self "- se -n# -git-tion in others. $e is perfe"tl# desireless -nd re;oi"es in the Lord within. $e sees eq -lit# ever#where4 being nto "hed b# sorrow4 fe-r4 hono r -s -lso dishono r. $e is perfe"tl# "ontent -s he h-s s rrendered his entire being to the Lord. 10A

7r0una 'vaa&ha: 8vam satatayu2taa ye bha2taastwaam /e &haa(ya2sharamavya2tam teshaam 2e yogavittamaah. :r; n- s-id: 1. Those devotees who4 ever ste-df-st4 th s worship Thee -nd those -lso who worship the %6perish-ble -nd the 5n6-nifested.whi"h of the6 -re better versed in +og-M CO..ENTA6YG The twelfth dis"o rse indi"-tes th-t Ch-<ti +og- is 6 "h e-sier th-n In-n- +og- or the +og- of <nowledge. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: $ayyaaveshya mano ye maam nityayu2taa Shraddhayaa (arayo(etaaste me yu2tatamaa mataah. The Clessed Lord s-id: 2. Those who4 fiGing their 6inds on 9e4 worship 9e4 ever ste-df-st -nd endowed with s pre6e f-ith4 these -re the best in +og- in 9# opinion. /e twa2sharamanirdeshyamavya2tam (aryu(aasate1 Sarvatragama&hintyam &ha 2ootasthama&halam dhruvam. =. Those who worship the i6perish-ble4 the indefin-ble4 the o6nipresent4 the nthin<-ble4 the etern-l -nd the i66ov-ble4 Samniyamyendriyagraamam sarvatra 5e (raa(nuvanti maameva sarvabhootahite rataah. n6-nifested4 the u(aasate1 (aryu(aasate1

samabuddhayah1

/. $-ving restr-ined -ll the senses4 even26inded ever#where4 intent on the welf-re of -ll beings.veril# the# -lso "o6e nto 9e. +lesho6dhi2atarasteshaam avya2taasa2ta&hetasaam1 7vya2taa hi gatirduh2ham dehavadbhiravaa(yate. >. 3re-ter is their tro ble whose 6inds -re set on the 5n6-nifestedJ for the go-l.the 5n6-nifested.is ver# diffi" lt for the e6bodied to re-"h. CO..ENTA6YG The e6bodied.those who identif# the6selves with their bodies. The i6perish-ble !elf is ver# h-rd to re-"h for those who -re -tt-"hed to their bodies. Their restless 6inds will not be -ble to get fiGed on the -ttrib teless !elf. /e tu sarvaani 2armaani mayi 7nanyenaiva yogena maam dhyaayanta u(aasate. sannyasya mat(araah1

10B

@. C t to those who worship 9e4 reno n"ing -ll -"tions in 9e4 reg-rding 9e -s the s pre6e go-l4 6edit-ting on 9e with single26inded +og-4 5eshaamaham samuddhartaa mrityusamsaarasaagaraat1 Bhavaami na&hiraat (aartha mayyaaveshita&hetasaam. A. To those whose 6inds -re set on 9e4 ) :r; n-4 veril# % be"o6e ere long the s-vio r o t of the o"e-n of the 6ort-l !-6s-r-H $ayyeva mana aadhatswa mayi buddhim .ivasishyasi mayyeva ata oordhwam na samshayah. niveshaya1

B. (iG th# 6ind on 9e onl#4 th# intelle"t in 9e4 (then) tho sh-it no do bt live in 9e -lone here-fter. 7tha &hittam samaadhaatum na sha2noshi 7bhyaasayogena tato maami&&haa(tum dhanan0aya. mayi sthiram1

0. %f tho -rt n-ble to fiG th# 6ind ste-dil# on 9e4 then b# the +og- of "onst-nt pr-"ti"e do tho see< to re-"h 9e4 ) :r; n-H 7bhyaase6(yasamartho6si mat2arma(aramo $adarthama(i 2armaani 2urvansiddhimavaa(syasi. bhava1

10. %f tho -rt n-ble to pr-"tise even this :bh#-s- +og-4 be tho intent on doing -"tions for 9# s-<eJ even b# doing -"tions for 9# s-<e4 tho sh-lt -tt-in perfe"tion. 7thaitada(yasha2to6si 2artum madyogamaashritah1 Sarva2arma(halatyaagam tatah 2uru yataatmavaan. 11. %f tho -rt n-ble to do even this4 then4 t-<ing ref ge in nion with 9e4 reno n"e the fr its of -ll -"tions with the self "ontrolled. Shreyo hi 0naanamabhyaasaat 0naanaaddhyaanam -hyaanaat 2arma(halatyaagas tyaagaa&&haantir anantaram. vishishyate1

12. Cetter indeed is <nowledge th-n pr-"ti"eJ th-n <nowledge 6edit-tion is betterJ th-n 6edit-tion the ren n"i-tion of the fr its of -"tionsJ pe-"e i66edi-tel# follows ren n"i-tion. 7dweshtaa sarvabhootaanaam maitrah 2aruna .irmamo nirahan2aarah samaduh2hasu2hah 2shamee. eva &ha1

1=. $e who h-tes no "re-t re4 who is friendl# -nd "o6p-ssion-te to -ll4 who is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent -nd egois64 b-l-n"ed in ple-s re -nd p-in4 -nd forgiving4 Santushtah satatam yogee yataatmaa $ayyar(itamanobuddhiryo madbha2tah sa me (riyah. dridhanish&hayah1

100

1/. Ever "ontent4 ste-d# in 6edit-tion4 possessed of fir6 "onvi"tion4 self2"ontrolled4 with 6ind -nd intelle"t dedi"-ted to 9e4 he4 9# devotee4 is de-r to 9e. /asmaannodwi0ate lo2o lo2aannodwi0ate <arshaamarshabhayodwegairmu2to yah sa &ha me (riyah. &ha yah1

1>. $e b# who6 the world is not -git-ted -nd who "-nnot be -git-ted b# the world4 -nd who is freed fro6 ;o#4 env#4 fe-r -nd -nGiet#.he is de-r to 9e. 7na(e2shah shu&hirda2sha udaaseeno Sarvaarambha(arityaagee yo madbha2tah sa me (riyah. gatavyathah1

1@. $e who is free fro6 w-nts4 p re4 eGpert4 n"on"erned4 -nd ntro bled4 reno n"ing -ll ndert-<ings or "o66en"e6ents.he who is (th s) devoted to 9e4 is de-r to 9e. /ona hrishyati na dweshti na sho&hati Shubhaashubha(arityaagee bha2timaan yah sa me (riyah. na 2aang2shati1

1A. $e who neither re;oi"es4 nor h-tes4 nor grieves4 nor desires4 reno n"ing good -nd evil4 -nd who is f ll of devotion4 is de-r to 9e. CO..ENTA6YG $e does not re;oi"e when he -tt-ins desir-ble ob;e"ts nor does he grieve when he p-rts with his "herished ob;e"ts. ( rther4 he does not desire the n-tt-ined. Samah shatrau &ha mitre &ha tathaa Sheetoshnasu2haduh2heshu samah sangavivar0itah. maanaa(amaanayoh1

1B. $e who is the s-6e to foe -nd friend4 -nd in hono r -nd dishono r4 who is the s-6e in "old -nd he-t -nd in ple-s re -nd p-in4 who is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent4 5ulyanindaastutirmaunee santushto 7ni2etah sthiramatir bha2timaan me (riyo narah. yena 2ena&hit4

10. $e to who6 "ens re -nd pr-ise -re eq -l4 who is silent4 "ontent with -n#thing4 ho6eless4 of - ste-d# 6ind4 -nd f ll of devotion.th-t 6-n is de-r to 9e. /e tu dharmyaamritamidam yatho2tam (aryu(aasate1 Shraddhadhaanaah mat(aramaa bha2taaste6teeva me (riyaah. 20. The# veril# who follow this i66ort-l Dh-r6- (do"trine or l-w) -s des"ribed -bove4 endowed with f-ith4 reg-rding 9e -s their s pre6e go-l4 the#4 the devotees4 -re eG"eedingl# de-r to 9e. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade Bha2tiyogo .aama -waadasho6dhyaayah

110

Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the twelfth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% Devotion:

JIII The Yoga o% Di tin&tion Between The Fie#d K the 5nower o% the Fie#d
S!mmar( o% Thirteenth Di &o!r e
%n this dis"o rse we h-ve one of the 6ost signifi"-nt4 6ost ill 6in-ting4 6ost inspiring -nd 6ost 6#sti"-l portions of the Bhagavad Gita. The Lord gives s wonderf ll# reve-ling insight into the h 6-n individ -l. %t is the 6et-ph#si"s of 6-n4 the n<nown. The i66ort-l !o l4 with its ph#si"-l e6bodi6ent4 is the 6-in the6e of this dis"o rse. The s pre6e tr-ns"endent-l !pirit4 whi"h is the etern-l s bstr-t 6 be#ond both4 is -lso des"ribed in - wonderf l 6-nner. The <nower of the ! pre6e ?e-lit# is inst-ntl# liber-ted. The blessed Lord tells s th-t the <nowledge of the (ield -nd the 8nower of the (ield is the tr e <nowledge. This highest -nd the best <nowledge gr-nts s divine wisdo6 -nd spirit -l ill 6in-tion th-t le-d to divine be-tit de. This bod# is the (ield. The %66ort-l !o l (#o rself)4 dwelling in the bod# is the 8nower of the (ield. &eril#4 it is the ! pre6e Ceing who h-s pro;e"ted $i6self -nd -ss 6ed the for6 of this 8nower of the (ield within this bod#. This self is none other th-n Th-t. Th s4 Lord 8rishneGpl-ins the 6#ster# of the individ -l so l dwelling within this 6ort-l bod#. This <nowledge "onstit tes the 6-in s b;e"t 6-tter of -ll the s"ript res -nd the highest philosophi"-l wor<s. The five ele6ents4 the ego4 the 6ind4 intelle"t -nd the ten org-ns4 desire -nd -version -nd s "h f-"tors "onstit te the (ield. 'eGt follows - wonderf l s 66ing2 p of wh-t "onstit tes tr e <nowledge. Then follows the de"l-r-tion of the ! pre6e !o l4 the <nowledge of whi"h gr-nts s i66ort-lit#. Th-t ! pre6e ?e-lit# is the one nivers-l Essen"e present ever#where. %t perv-des -ll. %t shines within the in6ost "h-6bers of o r he-rt4 it is ever#thing4 it is the one seer4 the witness4 the g ide4 s st-iner4 eGperien"er -nd Lord of -ll. )ne who <nows this 6#ster# is not bo nd b# -"tivit# even in the 6idst of life. When we per"eive this s pre6e ,resen"e dwelling in -ll beings we "-nnot in; re -n#one. 8rishn- -s<s s to see -nd <now the differen"e between the (ield (bod# or ,r-<riti) -nd the 8nower of the (ield (!pirit or , r sh-)4 -nd th s re-"h the !elf. This is the te-"hing -nd the 6ess-ge of this ill 6in-ting dis"o rse. 7r0una 'vaa&ha:

111

Pra2ritim (urusham &haiva 2shetram 8tadveditumi&&haami 0naanam 0neyam &ha 2eshava. :r; n- s-id:

2shetra0nameva

&ha1

1. % wish to le-rn -bo t '-t re (6-tter) -nd the !pirit (so l)4 the (ield -nd the 8nower of the (ield4 <nowledge -nd th-t whi"h o ght to be <nown. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 9dam shareeram 2aunteya 2shetramityabhidheeyate1 8tadyo vetti tam (raahuh 2shetra0na iti tadvidah. The Clessed Lord s-id: 2. This bod#4 ) :r; n-4 is "-lled the (ieldJ he who <nows it is "-lled the 8nower of the (ield b# those who <now of the64 th-t is4 b# the s-ges. +shetra0nam &haa(i maam viddhi sarva2shetreshu +shetra2shetra0nayor 0naanam yattat 0naanam matam mama. bhaarata1

=. Do tho -lso <now 9e -s the 8nower of the (ield in -ll fields4 ) :r; n-H 8nowledge of both the (ield -nd the 8nower of the (ield is "onsidered b# 9e to be the <nowledge. 5at 2shetram ya&&ha yaadri2 &ha yadvi2aari Sa &ha yo yat(rabhaavash&ha tatsamaasena me shrinu. yatash&ha yat1

/. Wh-t the (ield is -nd of wh-t n-t re4 wh-t its 6odifi"-tions -re -nd when"e it is4 -nd -lso who $e is -nd wh-t $is powers -re.he-r -ll th-t fro6 9e in brief. )ishibhirbahudhaa geetam &&handobhirvividhaih Brahmasootra(adaish&haiva hetumadbhirvinish&hitaih. (ritha21

>. !-ges h-ve s ng in 6-n# w-#s4 in v-rio s distin"tive "h-nts -nd -lso in the s ggestive words indi"-tive of the :bsol te4 f ll of re-soning -nd de"isive. $ahaabhootaanyahan2aaro buddhiravya2tameva 9ndriyaani dashai2am &ha (an&ha &hendriyago&haraah. &ha1

@. The gre-t ele6ents4 egois64 intelle"t -nd -lso n6-nifested '-t re4 the ten senses -nd one4 -nd the five ob;e"ts of the senses4 CO..ENTA6YG 3re-t ele6ents: e-rth4 w-ter4 fire4 -ir -nd ether -re so "-lled be"- se the# perv-de -ll 6odifi"-tions of 6-tter. The ten senses -re: the five org-ns of <nowledge (e-rs4 s<in4 e#es4 tong e -nd nose)4 -nd the five org-ns of -"tion (h-nd4 feet4 6o th4 -n s -nd gener-tive org-n). The one: this is the 6ind. The five ob;e"ts of the senses -re so nd4 to "h4 for6 "olo r4 t-ste -nd s6ell. 112

9&&haa dweshah su2ham duh2ham sanghaatash&hetanaa 8tat 2shetram samaasena savi2aaramudaahritam.

dhritih1

A. Desire4 h-tred4 ple-s re4 p-in4 the -ggreg-te (the bod#)4 fortit de -nd intelligen"e. the (ield h-s th s been des"ribed briefl# with its 6odifi"-tions. 7maanitwam adambhitwam ahimsaa 2shaantiraar0avam1 7a&haaryo(aasanam shau&ham sthairyamaatmavinigrahah. B. $ 6ilit#4 npretentio sness4 non2in; r#4 forgiveness4 prightness4 servi"e of the te-"her4 p rit#4 ste-df-stness4 self2"ontrol4 9ndriyaartheshu vairaagyamanahan2aara Janmamrityu0araavyaadhi duh2hadoshaanu darshanam. eva &ha1

0. %ndifferen"e to the ob;e"ts of the senses4 -lso -bsen"e of egois64 per"eption of (or refle"tion on) the evil in birth4 de-th4 old -ge4 si"<ness -nd p-in4 7sa2tiranabhishwangah (utradaaragrihaadishu1 .ityam &ha sama&hittatwam ishtaanishto(a(attishu. 10. 'on2-tt-"h6ent4 non2identifi"-tion of the !elf with son4 wife4 ho6e -nd the rest4 -nd "onst-nt even26indedness on the -tt-in6ent of the desir-ble -nd the ndesir-ble4 $ayi &haananyayogena ,ivi2tadesha sevitwam aratir 0anasamsadi. bha2tiravyabhi&haarinee1

11. 5nswerving devotion nto 9e b# the +og- of non2sep-r-tion4 resort to solit-r# pl-"es4 dist-ste for the so"iet# of 6en4 7dhyaatma 0naana nityatwam tattwa 0naanaartha 8ta00naanamiti (ro2tam a0naanam yadato6nyathaa. darshanam1

12. *onst-n"# in !elf2<nowledge4 per"eption of the end of tr e <nowledge.this is de"l-red to be <nowledge4 -nd wh-t is opposed to it is ignor-n"e. Jneyam yattat (rava2shyaami ya00naatwaa6mritamashnute1 7naadimat(aram brahma na sattannaasadu&hyate. 1=. % will de"l-re th-t whi"h h-s to be <nown4 <nowing whi"h one -tt-ins to i66ort-lit#4 the beginningless s pre6e Cr-h6-n4 "-lled neither being nor non2being. Sarvatah (aani(aadam tat sarvato62shishiromu2ham1 Sarvatah shrutimallo2e sarvamaavritya tishthati. 1/. With h-nds -nd feet ever#where4 with e#es4 he-ds -nd 6o ths ever#where4 with e-rs ever#where4 $e eGists in the worlds4 enveloping -ll. Sarvendriyagunaabhaasam sarvendriyavivar0itam1 7sa2tam sarvabhri&&haiva nirgunam gunabho2tru &ha. 11=

1>. !hining b# the f n"tions of -ll the senses4 #et witho t the sensesJ n-tt-"hed4 #et s pporting -llJ devoid of q -lities4 #et their eGperien"er4 Bahirantash&ha bhootaanaam a&haram &harameva Soo2shmatwaat tadavi0neyam doorastham &haanti2e &ha tat. &ha1

1@. Witho t -nd within (-ll) beings4 the n6oving -nd -lso the 6ovingJ be"- se of $is s btlet#4 n<now-bleJ -nd ne-r -nd f-r -w-# is Th-t. 7vibha2tam &ha bhooteshu vibha2tamiva Bhootabhartru &ha ta00neyam grasishnu (rabhavishnu &ha. &ha sthitam1

1A. :nd ndivided4 #et $e eGists -s if divided in beingsJ $e is to be <nown -s the s pporter of beingsJ $e devo rs -nd $e gener-tes -lso. Jyotishaama(i ta00yotistamasah (aramu&hyate1 Jnaanam 0neyam 0naanagamyam hridi sarvasya vishthitam. 1B. Th-t4 the Light of -ll lights4 is be#ond d-r<nessJ it is s-id to be <nowledge4 the 8now-ble -nd the go-l of <nowledge4 se-ted in the he-rts of -ll. 9ti 2shetram tathaa 0naanam 0neyam $adbha2ta etadvi0naaya madbhaavaayo(a(adyate. &ho2tam samaasatah1

10. Th s the (ield -s well -s <nowledge -nd the 8now-ble h-ve been briefl# st-ted. 9# devotee4 <nowing this4 enters into 9# Ceing. Pra2ritim (urusham &haiva viddhyaanaadee ,i2aaraamsh&ha gunaamsh&haiva viddhi (ra2ritisambhavaan. ubhaava(i1

20. 8now tho th-t '-t re -nd !pirit -re beginninglessJ -nd <now -lso th-t -ll 6odifi"-tions -nd q -lities -re born of '-t re. +aarya2aarana2artrutwe hetuh (ra2ritiru&hyate1 Purushah su2haduh2haanaam bho2tritwe heturu&hyate. 21. %n the prod "tion of the effe"t -nd the "- se4 '-t re (6-tter) is s-id to be the "- seJ in the eGperien"e of ple-s re -nd p-in4 the so l is s-id to be the "- se. Purushah (ra2ritistho hi bhung2te +aaranam gunasango6sya sadasadyoni 0anmasu. (ra2riti0aan gunaan1

22. The so l se-ted in '-t re eGperien"es the q -lities born of '-t reJ -tt-"h6ent to the q -lities is the "- se of his birth in good -nd evil wo6bs. '(adrashtaanumantaa &ha bhartaa bho2taa Paramaatmeti &haa(yu2to dehe6smin (urushah (arah. maheshwarah1

2=. The ! pre6e !o l in this bod# is -lso "-lled the spe"t-tor4 the per6itter4 the s pporter4 the en;o#er4 the gre-t Lord -nd the ! pre6e !elf. 11/

/a evam vetti (urusham (ra2ritim Sarvathaa vartamaano6(i na sa bhooyo6bhi0aayate.

&ha

gunaih

saha1

2/. $e who th s <nows !pirit -nd 9-tter4 together with the q -lities4 in wh-tever "ondition he 6-# be4 he is not reborn. -hyaanenaatmani (ashyanti 2e&hidaatmaanamaatmanaa1 7nye saan2hyena yogena 2armayogena &haa(are. 2>. !o6e b# 6edit-tion behold the !elf in the !elf b# the !elf4 others b# the +og- of <nowledge4 -nd others b# the +og- of -"tion. 7nye twevama0aanantah shrutwaanyebhya 5e6(i &haatitarantyeva mrityum shruti(araayanaah. u(aasate1

2@. )thers -lso4 not <nowing th s4 worship4 h-ving he-rd of it fro6 othersJ the#4 too4 "ross be#ond de-th4 reg-rding wh-t the# h-ve he-rd -s the s pre6e ref ge. /aavat san0aayate 2in&hit sattwam sthaavara0angamam1 +shetra2shetra0nasamyogaat tadviddhi bharatarshabha. 2A. Wherever - being is born4 whether it be n6oving or 6oving4 <now tho 4 ) best of the Ch-r-t-s (:r; n-)4 th-t it is fro6 the nion between the (ield -nd its 8nower. Samam sarveshu bhooteshu tishthantam ,inashyatswavinashyantam yah (ashyati sa (ashyati. (arameshwaram1

2B. $e sees4 who sees the ! pre6e Lord4 eGisting eq -ll# in -ll beings4 the nperishing within the perishing. CO..ENTA6YG Cirth is the root "- se of the 6odifi"-tions of "h-nge4 growth4 de"-# -nd de-th. The other "h-nges of st-te 6-nifest -fter the birth of the bod#. C t the Lord is "h-ngeless -nd $e is birthless4 de"-#less -nd de-thless. Samam (ashyan hi sarvatra samavasthitameeshwaram1 .a hinastyaatmanaa6tmaanam tato yaati (araam gatim. 20. Ce"- se he who sees the s-6e Lord dwelling eq -ll# ever#where does not destro# the !elf b# the self4 he goes to the highest go-l. Pra2rityaiva &ha 2armaani 2riyamaanaani /ah (ashyati tathaa6tmaanam a2artaaram sa (ashyati. sarvashah1

=0. $e sees4 who sees th-t -ll -"tions -re perfor6ed b# '-t re -lone -nd th-t the !elf is -"tionless. /adaa bhoota(rithagbhaavam e2astham 5ata eva &ha vistaaram brahma sam(adyate tadaa. anu(ashyati1

11>

=1. When - 6-n sees the whole v-riet# of beings -s resting in the )ne4 -nd spre-ding forth fro6 Th-t -lone4 he then be"o6es Cr-h6-n. CO..ENTA6YG : 6-n -tt-ins to nit# with the ! pre6e when he <nows or re-lises thro gh int ition th-t -ll these 6-nifold for6s -re rooted in the )ne. Li<e w-ves in w-ter4 li<e r-#s in the s n4 so -lso -ll for6s -re rooted in the )ne. 7naaditwaan nirgunatwaat (aramaatmaayam Shareerastho6(i 2aunteya na 2aroti na li(yate. avyayah1

=2. Ceing witho t beginning -nd devoid of (-n#) q -lities4 the ! pre6e !elf4 i6perish-ble4 tho gh dwelling in the bod#4 ) :r; n-4 neither -"ts nor is t-intedH /athaa sarvagatam sau2shmyaadaa2aasham Sarvatraavasthito dehe tathaatmaa no(ali(yate. no(ali(yate1

==. :s the -ll2perv-ding ether is not t-inted be"- se of its s btlet#4 so the !elf se-ted ever#where in the bod#4 is not t-inted. /athaa (ra2aashayatye2ah 2ritsnam lo2amimam +shetram 2shetree tathaa 2ritsnam (ra2aashayati bhaarata. ravih1

=/. I st -s the one s n ill 6ines the whole world4 so -lso the Lord of the (ield (the ! pre6e !elf) ill 6ines the whole (ield4 ) :r; n-H +shetra2shetra0nayor evam antaram Bhoota(ra2ritimo2sham &ha ye vidur yaanti te (aram. 0naana&ha2shushaa1

=>. The# who4 thro gh the e#e of <nowledge4 per"eive the distin"tion between the (ield -nd its 8nower4 -nd -lso the liber-tion fro6 the '-t re of being4 the# go to the ! pre6e. CO..ENTA6YG The# who <now thro gh the e#e of int ition opened b# 6edit-tion -nd the instr "tions of the 3 r -nd the s"ript res4 th-t the (ield is insentient4 the doer4 "h-nging -nd finite4 -nd th-t the 8nower of the (ield is p re *ons"io sness4 the non2doer4 n"h-nging -nd infinite4 -nd who -lso per"eive the non2 eGisten"e of '-t re4 ignor-n"e4 the 5n6-nifested4 the 6-teri-l "- se of being4.the# -tt-in the ! pre6e. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade +shetra2shetra0navibhaagayogo .aama 5rayodasho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the thirteenth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the Di tin&tion Between The Fie#d and the 5nower o% the Fie#d:

11@

JIV L MbcMWd eL= fbdgchcZcbL=L= eij ehbij MWckjd

Z[TCBF\F RFV ^_PQRFV R_RQTRFV S?ABCQV

11A

w fSmbh TcS TYXmS b`]eUSTXimS XkXRTgTcS (eRXRTgTcS) g {iRdSUV4 eR` RSR]lyRSTUX4 ulTT^U4 |lTyUV iUX tl]UV k\SZTUX TmYU ]abc U`TgV ThV R]X_\UV. w fSmbh U`TmS TcS TYXmS {iRdSUV4 eR` iYUTRdS R_ji_hYR TR bd]eUS iUX j_U TU e_lb]UTU ilTc Uej ThS i`YXUYQ\U TR`V4 Z\SUX ycTXigV bh]Ub\UV bTRS il[Z aSU iUX iU[Z]\U fXU ThS eYjRkR iUX ThS Z`T`Q\U TR`V bTh ycg. }cY\V U`TgS ThS fSmbh ileRXRV [U Z\SUX fXU elSTU kZb]Z`]aSRV Uej Th [_\~h. uZ U`TgS ThS fSmbh aQR`]Z TR ]`bTXij ThV ZeXT`Q\UV bThS Zfijb]XU ycg iU[mV Ze\bhV iUX bThS eSZ`]UTXig ycg. seR]aScV4 ileRXRV eYaeZX SU UeRiTgbZX U`TgS ThS eR_dTX]h fSmbh. p ndYXRV nY\bSU UeRiU_deTZX jTX U`TaV RX TYZXV XkXjThTZV (eRXjThTZV) b`S[aTR`S ThS u`]eUSTXig Wdbh. r`Tg h u`]eUSTXig Wdbh Z\SUX h eYcTUYQXig ehfg iUX h UWZThY\U R_ji_hYhV ThV kh]XR`Yf\UV iUX j_cS TcS eYUf]lTcS eR` Z]eZYXaQZX. V Zi TRdTR` j_U TU eYlf]UTU eR` kh]XR`YfRdSTUX `ejiZXSTUX bThS ZeXYYRg iUX ThS UiUTU]lQhTh kdSU]g TR`V. w UTR]Xig ~`Qg Ze\bhV kZb]ZdZTUX bTR bm]U Uej U`TaV TXV TYZXV XkXjThTZV eR` Z\SUX eUYRdbZV bThS u`]eUSTXig Wdbh. w rSmTUTh eUYxh ZeXWaYZX Th kh]XR`Yf\U ]abc ThV ^Rg[ZXUV ThV YliYXThV tR` (dbh) eR` Z\SUX eYRXiXb]aSh ]Z U`TaV TXV TYZXV XkXjThTZV. w d~XbTh Uej TXV TYZXV XkXjThTZV Z\SUX h ulTT^U. s\SUX UfSg. aYSZX Z`T`Q\U4 bRW\U iUX Ze\bhV Th WmTXbh. w kZdTZYh XkXjThTU |lTyUV eYRiU_Z\ TR el[RV eR` Zikh_mSZTUX ]Z aSTRSh eYRbij__hbh iUX Ue_hbT\U. YRiU_Z\ Th [_\~h iUX Th k`bT`Q\U. w TY\Th4 eR` iU_Z\TUX tl]UV4 Z\SUX h QZXYjTZYh Uej j_ZV. YRideTZX _jfc ThV lfSRXUV iUX RkhfZ\ bTR biRTlkX4 TRS _g[UYfR iUX ThS U`TUelTh. p nY\bSU ]UV yhTl SU eYRbeU[gbR`]Z ZeX]Z_mV SU UeR^l__R`]Z TR tl]UV Uej Th Wdbh ]UV. YaeZX SU Z_afxR`]Z iUX SU i`YXUYQgbR`]Z bTh |lTyUV4 iUX iYUTmSTUV ThS `ej a_ZfQR4 SU bTYa~R`]Z ]Z bRW\U Th kdSU]g ThV eYRV TU iU_l Z\kh kYUbThYXRTgTcS. w ulTT^U eYaeZX SU iU__XZYfh[Z\ eYRbZiTXil4 SU USUeT`Q[Z\ iUX SU kXUThYh[Z\ RdTcV mbTZ SU ]UV ZeXTYa~ZX SU ZeXTdQR`]Z ThS U[USUb\U. p U`TReYUf]UTReRXh]aSRV bRWjV4 W`bXil4 `eZY^U\SZX iUX TXV TYZXV XkXjThTZV4 fXUT\4 US iUX Z\SUX h ulTT^U eR` TR` ZeXTYaeZX SU W[lbZX bTR vZj4 Uij]h iUX U`Tg h XkXjThTU (eRXjThTU) [U TRS kZb]ZdbZX ZlS Z\SUX eYRbiR__h]aSRV bZ U`Tg. p USUyhThTgV eYaeZX SU fScY\yZX TXV ZSkZ\xZXV iUX TU bh]lkXU ThV eUYR`b\UV TR`V bThS eYRbceXijThTl TR` iUX SU UeRiTgbZX fSmbh TcS _ZeTmS _ZXTR`YfXmS TR`V. nUTjeXS ]jSR ]eRYZ\ SU aQZX ]XU USZ]ejkXbTh iUX R]U_g eYjRkR bZ j_ZV TXV kYUbThYXjThTZV ThV ycgV TR`4 iUX ThV iRb]XigV iU[mV Ze\bhV iUX ThV eSZ`]UTXigV. p ndYXRV nY\bSU ]UV kXklbiZX U`Tj TR bh]USTXij [a]U bZ U`TgS ThS R]X_\U Uej TRS aSUTR acV TRS kaiUTR jfkRR bT\QR. h_mSZX jTX aSUV eR` `~mSZTUX elSc Uej j_ZV TXV TYZXV {iRdSUV ]abc TcS eSZ`]UTXimS eYUiTXimS4 UeZ_Z`[ZYmSZTUX Uej Th faSShbh4 TR [lSUTR4 TU fhYUTZXl iUX Th [_\~h4 iUX UeR_U]^lSZX ThS U[USUb\U. uZ UelSThbh bZ ]XU ZYmThbh Uej TRS rYTyRdSU4 R Z`_Rfh]aSRV ndYXRV eZYXfYlWZX TU bh]lkXU ileRXR` eR` aQZX `eZY^Z\ TXV TYZXV {iRdSUV. h_mSZX jTX ZlS ileRXRV TRS _UTYa~ZX ]Z UeRi_ZXbTXig UWRb\cbh4 [U ZeXTdQZX ThS `~h_jTZYh [Z\U Z]eZXY\U iUX ThS `eaYTUTh ZXYgSh iUX ThS ]UiUYXjThTU. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha:

11B

Param bhooyah (rava2shyaami 0naanaanaam /a00naatwaa munayah sarve (araam siddhimito gataah. c [>BSOF?_]SV WlTASV [C`[G

0naanamuttamam1

1. % will -g-in de"l-re (to thee) th-t s pre6e <nowledge4 the best of -ll <nowledge4 h-ving <nown whi"h -ll the s-ges h-ve gone to the s pre6e perfe"tion a%ter thi #i%e0 1. vU kh_mbc el_X (bZ ZbaSU) ZiZ\Sh ThS `eaYTUTh fSmbh4 ThS eXR iU_g Uej j_h Th fSmbh4 ThS ReR\U fScY\yRSTUV j_RX RX bRWR\ eaT`QUS ThS `eaYTUTh TZ_ZXjThTU ?[RU Q`N Q>RX] RF] mDX0 =aNBASG ZYUXTaYc USl_`bh TR` eZk\R` f\SZTUX bZ U`Tj TR iZWl_UXR. uTR iZWl_UXR }zzz4 bT\QRV 214 aQZX kXUT`ec[Z\ jTX h eYRbij__hbh bTXV XkXjThTZV Z\SUX h UXT\U ThV uU]blYU g TcS fZSSgbZcS bZ iU_aV iUX iUiaV ]gTYZV. uZ U`Tj TR iZWl_UXR R ndYXRV k\SZX UeUSTgbZXV bTXV ZYcTgbZXV: tX Z\SUX RX XkXjThTZV ({iRdSUV) ThV dbhVJ cV kZb]ZdR`S aSU lS[YceRJ RXU Z\SUX TU QUYUiThYXbTXil U`TmS TcS XkXRTgTcSJ cV ZSZYfRdSJ ecV ]eRYZ\ ileRXRV SU UeZ_Z`[ZYc[Z\ Uej U`TaVJ RXU Z\SUX TU QUYUiThYXbTXil ]XUV UeZ_Z`[ZYc]aShV ~`QgVJ w WYlbh j_h h fSmbh kZS USUWaYZTUX bTh fSmbh eR` eZYXfYlWZTUX bTR iZWl_UXR }zzz4 bT\QRX A iUX 104 U__l eUYUea]eZX bZ ZiZ\SR TR Z\kRV ThV fSmbhV TR ReR\R UWRYl TXV [`b\ZV (eYRbWRYaV). siZ\SR TR Z\kRV ThV fSmbhV eR` bQZT\yZTUX ]Z TXV [`b\ZV kZS ]eRYZ\ SU kmbZX ThS UeZ_Z`[aYcbh. r__l h fSmbh eR` eYjiZXTUX SU fScbTReRXh[Z\ bZ U`Tg ThS R]X_\U [U RkhfgbZX ]Z ^Z^UXjThTU bThS UeZ_Z`[aYcbh. p ndYXRV Zfic]XlyZX U`Tg Th fSmbh ]Z TU Ze\[ZTU `eaYTUTh iUX eXR iU_g ]Z biRej SU kh]XR`YfgbZX ]Zfl_R ZSkXUWaYRS bTRS rYTyRdSU iUX l__R`V eSZ`]UTXiRdV USUyhThTaV. PQRSTUV ]l[ZX U`Tg ThS `eaYTUTh fSmbh4 j_RX RX bRWR\ eR` ZxlbihbUS UbSlSU g bTRQUb]j (RdSXV) eaT`QUS ThS TZ_ZXjThTU UWRd Z_Z`[ZYm[hiUS Uej TU kZb]l TR` bm]UTRV. 1tah2 ZTl Uej U`Tg Th ycg. rWRd Z_Z`[ZYm[hiUS Uej TU kZb]l TR` bm]UTRV.

9dam 0naanam u(aashritya mama Sarge6(i no(a0aayante (ralaye na vyathanti &ha.

saadharmyam

aagataah1

2. The# who4 h-ving t-<en ref ge in this <nowledge4 -tt-in to nit# with 9e4 -re neither born -t the ti6e of "re-tion nor -re the# dist rbed -t the ti6e of dissol tion. 2. r`TR\ RX ReR\RX4 iUTUWZdfRSTUV bZ U`TgS ThS fSmbh4 ZeXT`fQlSR`S ThS ZSjThTU ]Z s]aSU4 RdTZ fZSSXRdSTUX iUTl ThS kXlYiZXU ThV kh]XR`Yf\UV RdTZ ZSRQ_RdSTUX iUTl ThS kXlYiZXU ThV kXl_`bhV. =aNBASG PQRSTUV iUTUWdfZX bZ U`Tg Th fSmbh U`TR\ (RX bRWR\) aQR`S UWR]RXc[Z\ ]abU bTh kXig R` Wdbh. PQR`S W[lbZX bThS eUYxh R`. PQR`S f\SZX \kXRX ]Z s]aSU. R`S ]abU bZ s]aSU QcY\V Th bia~h TR` Zbd g TR` Zfm. ZeZYSRdS Th

110

faSShbh iUX TR [lSUTR. ZS `elYQZX faSShbh fXU U`TRdV jTUS h kh]XR`Yf\U UYQ\yZX iUX kZS `elYQZX [lSUTRV fX U`TRdV TRS iUXYj ThV kXl_`bhV. PQRSTUV W[lbZX bZ s]aSU U`TR\ eZT`QU\SR`S ThS UXcSXjThTU4 ThS U[USUb\U iUX ThS TZ_ZXjThTU. PQRSTUV f\SZX TR \kXR ]Z s]aSU ]abc ThV Ze\TZ`xhV ThV fSmbhV TR` sU`TRd ZxUbimSTUV TU UeUYU\ThTU ]abU4 RdTZ fZSSXRdSTUX TRS iUXYj ThV kh]XR`Yf\UV RdTZ TUYlbbRSTUX TRS iUXYj ThV kXl_`bhV. w fSmbh TR` sU`TRd Zfic]XlyZTUX Uej TRS ndYXR bZ U`Tj TRS bT\QR. $ama yonirmahadbrahma tasmin garbham Sambhavah sarvabhootaanaam tato bhavati bhaarata. dadhaamyaham1

=. 9# wo6b is the gre-t Cr-h6-J in th-t % pl-"e the ger6J then"e4 ) :r; n-4 is the birth of -ll beingsH =. w ]gTYU R` Z\SUX TR ]Zfl_R eYlQ]U. uZ ZiZ\Sh TReR[ZTm TR beaY]U. rej ZiZ\4 c rYTyRdSU4 f\SZTUX h faSShbh j_cS TcS jSTcSH =aNBASG w ]gTYU ]R` Z\SUX h ]Zfl_h dbh. tR bd]eUS USUeTdbbZTUX Uej ThS dbh tR`. dbh RSR]lyZTUX TR ]Zfl_R eYlQ]U4 fXUT\ U`Tg Z\SUX R TjeRV eR` USUeUdRSTUX TU eaSTZ _ZeTRW`g bTRXQZ\U iUX Ze\bhV TR UQlT (b`]eUSTXijV SR`V). r`Tg UeRiU_Z\TUX TR ]Zfl_R eYlQ]U4 fXUT\ ]abc r`TgV b`]^U\SZX j_h h Zikg_cbh. o_ZV RX U__UfaV eYRaYQRSTUX Uej U`Tg Th ]Zfl_h dbh. PTbX r`Tg aQZX TR jSR]U R`_UeYliYXTX g rYQafRSh dbh g eYcTUYQXig UYQg. rej ThS leR~h TR` USZikg_cTR` r`Tg UeRiU_Z\TUX r^`liTU. pX ZSTlSTXS thS UeRiU_RdS lfXU (e_lSh). pX ulSi`U ThS UeRiU_RdS YliYXTX. r`Tg h YliYXTX UeRiU_Z\TUX ]Zfl_h ZeZXkg Z\SUX ]ZfU_dTZYh Uej j_U TU UeRTZ_ab]UTU thV. r`Tg h dbh4 WTXUf]aSh Uej TXV TYZXV XkXjThTZV4 Z\SUX h `_Xig UXT\U j_cS TcS jSTcS. nU[mV U`Tg Z\SUX h ehfg g h UXT\U j_cS TcS TYReReRXgbZcS thV iUX Ze\bhV [YaWZX j_ZV TXV TYReReRXgbZXV ]Z ThS ZSaYfZXU thV4 r`Tg UeRiU_Z\TUX eYlQ]U. tReR[ZTm bZ U`Tj (lQUST]eYlQ]U) TR a]^Y`R ThV ycgV. nUTjeXS j_U TU jSTU UYQ\yR`S SU aYQRSTUX bTh ycg Uej U`Tj. uTR ]Zfl_R eYlQ]U g dbh TReR[ZTm TR a]^Y`R g TR bejYR fXU Th faSShbh TR` }XYUS`UfilY]eU iUX R bejYRV k\SZX ycg bZ j_U TU jSTU. w faSShbh TR` }XYUS`UfilY]eU g eYlQ]U (R h]XR`YfjV) ZeXWaYZX ThS faSShbh j_cS TcS jSTcS. w rYQafRSh dbh Z\SUX bUS TRS eh_j. ZS ]eRYZ\ SU kh]XR`YfgbZX TXV ]RYWaV Uej ]jSh thV. r`Tg k\SZX faSShbh bTR eYlQ]U R peR\RV kh]XR`YfZ\ j_U TU jSTU jecV R UffZXRe_lbThV kh]XR`YfZ\ kXlWRYZV ]RYWaV Uej TRS eh_j. s\]UX eYRXiXb]aSRV ]Z kdR uliTXV4 kh_Ukg4 ThS USmTZYh iUX ThS iUTmTZYh dbh.(ns. &%% bTXQ. / iUX >)4 TR eZk\R iUX TR fSmbTh TR`. sSmSc U`TaV TXV kdR (TR eSZd]U iUX ThS d_h). w UTR]Xig ~`Qg ^Y\biZTUX ilTc Uej ThS ZeXYYRg RD] #imiting ad2!n&t 4 kh_Ukg ThV lfSRXUV4 ThV ZeX[`]\UV iUX ThV kYlbhV. sx UXT\UV ThV lfSRXUV (r^\ST`U)4 h UTR]Xig ~`Qg xZQSl ThS eYcTUYQXig [Zqig Wdbh4 Z]e_aiZTUX bTU k\QT`U ThV ZeX[`]\UV (nl]U) iUX ThV kYlbhV (nlY]U)4 iUX eZYXbTYaWZTUX bTRS TYRQj ThV faSShbhV iUX TR` [USlTR`. w UTR]Xig ~`Qg bTYaWZTUX eYRV ThS lfSRXU QcY\V SU fScY\yZX ThS U_h[XSg [Zqig ThV Wdbh. p ty\^U (UTR]Xig ~`Qg) jSTUV P>TA[>?_]SV

120

Uej ThS lfSRXU iUX TXV TYReReRXgbZXV4 xZQSl ThS UYQXig UfSjThTU iUX iXSZ\TUX bZ kXlWRYZV ]RYWaV. w rYQafRSh dbh g h rSZikg_cTh Z\SUX ]XU biRTZXSg ]gTYU ]Z leZXYZV k`SUTjThTZV. ZS Z\SUX ]XU R`b\U (d_h). p gQRV iUX h ZSaYfZXU bZ ]XU UkXUWRYReR\hTh iUTlbTUbh ]abU bZ U`Tg. o_RV R ijb]RV Z]eZYXaQZTUX ]abU bZ U`Tg iUTl Th kXlYiZXU ThV iRb]XigV kXl_`bhV. ZS `elYQZX bQabh ThV R`b\UV g ThV eRXjThTUV USl]ZbU bZ r`Tg iUX TXV TYZXV {iRdSUV. pX XkXjThTZV Z\SUX h R`_UeYliYXTX iUX U`Tl Z\SUX h ]gTYU bZ ]XU iUTlbTUbh XbRYYRe\UV g XbRydfXR`. r`TjV R Zikh_c]aSRV ijb]RV TcS TYXmS XkXRTgTcS (eRXRTgTcS) b`fiY\SZTUX ]Z aSU eZYXbTYU]aSR bQRXS\ ]Z TY\U QYm]UTU4 kh_Ukg4 lbeYR4 ijiiXSR iUX ]UdYR. tR il[Z QYm]U USUeUYXbTlSZX ]XU {iRdSU. w uUTT^Xig Z\SUX lbeYh4 h |UTyUbXig Z\SUX ijiiXSh iUX h tU]UbXig Z\SUX ]UdYh. pX TYZXV XkXjThTZV kZS Z\SUX bZ iUTlbTUbh XbRYYRe\UV bTRS Zikh_c]aSR ijb]R. tR SZYj iUX R bejYRV ZYQj]ZSU bZ ZeUWg ]Z Th fh eUYlfR`S ^_UbTRdV RX ReR\RX ]ZfU_mSR`S bZ kaSkYU. uTh ]gTYU ThV dbhV4 R bejYRV USUeTdbbZTUX bTU RiTm bTRXQZ\U2 fh4 SZYj4 WcTXl4 UaYU4 UX[aYU4 SR`4 kXlSRXU iUX ZfcXb]j. p eYmTRV iUYejV ThV ZeUWg ThV dbhV ]Z ThS ~`Qg Z\SUX TR UQlT2tlTT^U g h kXlSRXU. rej ThS kXlSRXU fZSSXaTUX R SR`V. rej TR SR` R ZfcXb]jV. rej TRS ZfcXb]j TU eaSTZ bTRXQZ\U. elYQR`S TabbZYXV iUThfRY\ZV jSTcS4 kh_Ukg4 tyUYUfXRdTyU rSTlTyU4 u^ZSTlTyU iUX p`ST]e\TyU. tU tyUYUfXRdTyU fZSSXRdSTUX Uej e_UiRdSTU (^X^XelYR`V). pX lS[YceRX4 RX UfZ_lkZV4 RX Z_aWUSTZV4 TU l_RfU i._e. USgiR`S bZ U`Tg ThS iUThfRY\U. uZ U`Tg ThS eRXiX_\[U RX eaSTZ UXb[gbZXV ThV fSmbhV `elYQR`S. tU rSTlTyU fZSSXRdSTUX Uej U`fl (R^XelYR`V). uZ U`Tg ThS eRXiX_\U TU bTRXQZ\U TR` UaYU iUX TR` UX[aYU `eZYaQR`S. pX _ZXQgSZV. ^Y\biRSTUX bThS iUThfRY\U TR` u^ZSTlTyU: fZSSXRdSTUX Uej ThS `fYUb\U. uZ U`Tg ThS eRXiX_\U h WcTXl iUX TR SZYj `eZYaQR`S. tU kaSkYU eR` fZSSXRdSTUX Uej bejYR`V USgiR`S bThS iUThfRY\U p`ST]e\TyU: uZ U`Tg ThS eRXiX_\U h fh iUX TR SZYj `eZYaQR`S.(ns. &%%. @4 %L. 1A4 L&.A).

Sarvayonishu 2aunteya moortayah sambhavanti 5aasaam brahma mahadyonir aham bee0a(radah (itaa.

yaah1

/. Wh-tever for6s -re prod "ed4 ) :r; n-4 in -n# wo6b wh-tsoever4 the gre-t Cr-h6- is their wo6b -nd % -6 the seed2giving f-ther. /. p4TXkgeRTZ ]RYWaV eUYlfRSTUX4 c rYTyRdSU4 bZ ReRXUkgeRTZ ]gTYU4 TR ]Zfl_R eYlQ]U Z\SUX h ]gTYU TR`V iUX sfm Z\]UX R beZY]RkjThV eUTaYUV.

121

Sattwam ra0astama iti gunaah .ibadhnanti mahaabaaho dehe dehinam avyayam.

(ra2riti

sambhavaah1

>. , rit#4 p-ssion -nd inerti-.these q -lities4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 born of '-t re4 bind f-st in the bod#4 the e6bodied4 the indestr "tibleH >. w UfSjThTU (ulTT^U)4 TR el[RV (|lTyUV) iUX h UkYlSZXU (tl]UV) .U`TaV RX XkXjThTZV4 ^>]QRNV3S`BAE?_]S c rYTyRdSU4 fZSSh]aSZV Uej Th dbh4 kZb]ZdR`S fZYl bTR bm]U4 RS] []EQTPD?_]S4 TRS UiUTlbTYZeTRH =aNBASG w ulTT^U Z\SUX h iU_dTZYh. ZTl ZYQZTUX h |lTyUV. w tl]UV Z\SUX h QU]h_jTZYh iUX h QZXYjTZYh. pX TYZXV XkXjThTZV kZXiSdR`S ThS TYXe_g menta#it( SRh]RbdSh. YRiU_RdS eYRbij__hbh bTXV UTR]XiaV4 TXV eUYUe_USRdS iUX TXV kZb]ZdR`S ilTc A it were4 bTh uU]blYU. 5atra sattwam nirmalatwaat (ra2aasha2am Su2hasangena badhnaati 0naanasangena &haanagha. anaamayam1

@. )f these4 !-ttw-4 whi"h fro6 its st-inlessness is l 6ino s -nd he-lth#4 binds b# -tt-"h6ent to <nowledge -nd to h-ppiness4 ) sinless oneH )a0o raagaatma2am viddhi trishnaasangasamudbhavam1 5annibadhnaati 2aunteya 2armasangena dehinam. A. 8now tho ?-;-s to be of the n-t re of p-ssion4 the so r"e of thirst (for sens -l en;o#6ent) -nd -tt-"h6entJ it binds f-st4 ) :r; n-4 the e6bodied one b# -tt-"h6ent to -"tionH 5amastwa0naana0am viddhi mohanam Pramaadaalasyanidraabhis tannibadhnaati bhaarata. sarvadehinaam1

B. C t <now tho T-6-s to be born of ignor-n"e4 del ding -ll e6bodied beingsJ it binds f-st4 ) :r; n-4 b# heedlessness4 sleep -nd indolen"eH Sattwam su2he san0ayati ra0ah Jnaanamaavritya tu tamah (ramaade san0ayatyuta. 2armani bhaarata1

0. !-ttw- -tt-"hes to h-ppiness4 ?-;-s to -"tion4 ) :r; n-4 while T-6-s4 shro ding <nowledge4 -tt-"hes to heedlessness onl#H )a0astamash&haabhibhooya sattwam bhavati )a0ah sattwam tamash&haiva tamah sattwam ra0astathaa. bhaarata1

10. 'ow !-ttw- prev-ils4 ) :r; n-4 h-ving overpowered ?-;-s -nd T-6-sJ now ?-;-s4 h-ving overpowered !-ttw- -nd T-6-sJ -nd now T-6-s4 h-ving overpowered !-ttw- -nd ?-;-sH Sarvadwaareshu dehe6smin (ra2aasha Jnaanam yadaa tadaa vidyaa dvivriddham sattwamityuta. u(a0aayate1

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11. When4 thro gh ever# g-te (sense) in this bod#4 the wisdo62light shines4 then it 6-# be <nown th-t !-ttw- is predo6in-nt. ;obhah (ravrittir aarambhah 2armanaam )a0asyetaani 0aayante vivriddhe bharatarshabha. ashamah s(rihaa1

12. 3reed4 -"tivit#4 the ndert-<ing of -"tions4 restlessness4 longing.these -rise when ?-;-s is predo6in-nt4 ) :r; n-H 7(ra2aasho6(ravrittish&ha (ramaado 5amasyetaani 0aayante vivriddhe 2urunandana. moha eva &ha1

1=. D-r<ness4 inertness4 heedlessness -nd del sion.these -rise when T-6-s is predo6in-nt4 ) :r; n-H /adaa sattwe (ravriddhe tu (ralayam 5adottamavidaam lo2aan amalaan (rati(adyate. yaati dehabhrit1

1/. %f the e6bodied one 6eets with de-th when !-ttw- h-s be"o6e predo6in-nt4 then he -tt-ins to the spotless worlds of the <nowers of the $ighest. )a0asi (ralayam gatwaa 2armasangishu 5athaa (raleenastamasi moodhayonishu 0aayate. 0aayate1

1>. 9eeting de-th in ?-;-s4 he is born -6ong those who -re -tt-"hed to -"tionJ -nd d#ing in T-6-s4 he is born in the wo6b of the senseless. +armanah su2ritasyaahuh saattwi2am nirmalam )a0asastu (halam duh2ham a0naanam tamasah (halam. (halam1

1@. The fr it of good -"tion4 the# s-#4 is !-ttwi" -nd p reJ the fr it of ?-;-s is p-in4 -nd ignor-n"e is the fr it of T-6-s. Sattwaat san0aayate 0naanam ra0aso Pramaadamohau tamaso bhavato60naanameva &ha. lobha eva &ha1

1A. (ro6 !-ttw- -rises <nowledge4 -nd greed fro6 ?-;-sJ heedlessness -nd del sion -rise fro6 T-6-s4 -nd ignor-n"e -lso. :ordhwam ga&&hanti sattwasthaa madhye Jaghanyagunavrittisthaa adho ga&&hanti taamasaah. tishthanti raa0asaah1

1B. Those who -re se-ted in !-ttw- pro"eed pw-rdsJ the ?-;-si" dwell in the 6iddleJ -nd the T-6-si"4 -biding in the f n"tion of the lowest 3 n-4 go downw-rds. .aanyam gunebhyah 2artaaram yadaa drashtaanu(ashyati1 Gunebhyash&ha (aram vetti madbhaavam so6dhiga&&hati. 10. When the seer beholds no -gent other th-n the 3 n-s4 <nowing th-t whi"h is higher th-n the64 he -tt-ins to 9# Ceing. 12=

CO..ENTA6YG The seer <nows th-t the 3 n-s -lone -re responsible for -ll -"tions -nd $e is distin"t fro6 the6. Gunaanetaanateetya treen dehee Janmamrityu0araaduh2hair vimu2to6mritamashnute. dehasamudbhavaan1

20. The e6bodied one4 h-ving "rossed be#ond these three 3 n-s o t of whi"h the bod# is evolved4 is freed fro6 birth4 de-th4 de"-# -nd p-in4 -nd -tt-ins to i66ort-lit#. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: +airlingais treen gunaanetaan ateeto bhavati +imaa&haarah 2atham &haitaam streen gunaan ativartate. :r; n- s-id: 21. Wh-t -re the 6-r<s of hi6 who h-s "rossed over the three q -lities4 ) LordM Wh-t is his "ond "t -nd how does he go be#ond these three q -litiesM Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: Pra2aasham &ha (ravrittim &ha mohameva .a dweshti sam(ravrittaani na nivrittaani 2aang2shati. The Clessed Lord s-id: 22. Light4 -"tivit# -nd del sion4.when the# -re present4 ) :r; n-4 he h-tes not4 nor does he long for the6 when the# -re -bsentH 'daaseenavadaaseeno gunairyo Gunaa vartanta ityeva yo6vatishthati nengate. na vi&haalyate1 &ha (aandava1 (rabho1

2=. $e who4 se-ted li<e one n"on"erned4 is not 6oved b# the q -lities4 -nd who4 <nowing th-t the q -lities -re -"tive4 is self2"entred -nd 6oves not4 Samaduh2hasu2hah swasthah samaloshtaashma2aan&hanah1 5ulya(riyaa(riyo dheeras tulyanindaatma samstutih. 2/. :li<e in ple-s re -nd p-in4 who dwells in the !elf4 to who6 - "lod of e-rth4 stone -nd gold -re -li<e4 to who6 the de-r -nd the nfriendl# -re -li<e4 fir64 the s-6e in "ens re -nd pr-ise4 $aanaa(amaanayostulyas tulyo Sarvaarambha(arityaagee gunaateetah sa u&hyate. mitraari(a2shayoh1

2>. The s-6e in hono r -nd dishono r4 the s-6e to friend -nd foe4 -b-ndoning -ll ndert-<ings.he is s-id to h-ve "rossed the q -lities. $aam &ha yo6vyabhi&haarena bha2tiyogena Sa gunaan samateetyaitaan brahmabhooyaaya 2al(ate. sevate1

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2@. :nd he who serves 9e with nswerving devotion4 he4 "rossing be#ond the q -lities4 is fit for be"o6ing Cr-h6-n. Brahmano hi (ratishthaa6ham amritasyaavyayasya Shaashwatasya &ha dharmasya su2hasyai2aanti2asya &ha. &ha1

2A. (or % -6 the -bode of Cr-h6-n4 the i66ort-l -nd the i66 t-ble4 of everl-sting Dh-r6- -nd of -bsol te bliss. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade Gunatrayavibhaagayogo .aama Chaturdasho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the fo rteenth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the Divi ion O% the Three G!na :

JV The Yoga o% the S!1reme S1irit

S!mmar( o% Fi%teenth Di &o!r e
This dis"o rse is entitled E, r shott-6- +og-F or the E+og- of the ! pre6e ,ersonF. $ere Lord 8rishn- tells s -bo t the lti6-te so r"e of this visible pheno6en-l niverse fro6 whi"h -ll things h-ve "o6e into being4 ; st li<e - gre-t tree with -ll its roots4 tr n<4 br-n"hes4 twigs4 le-ves4 flowers -nd fr its whi"h spring forth fro6 the e-rth4 whi"h itself s pports the tree -nd in whi"h it is rooted. !ri 8rishn- de"l-res th-t the ! pre6e Ceing is the so r"e of -ll eGisten"e4 -nd refers -llegori"-ll# to this niverse -s being li<e -n inverted tree whose roots -re in ,-r- Cr-h6-n4 -nd whose spre-ding br-n"hes -nd foli-ge "onstit te -ll the things -nd f-"tors th-t go to 6-<e p this "re-tion of v-rieg-ted pheno6en-. This is - ver# 6#sterio s ETreeF whi"h is ver# diffi" lt to nderst-nd4 being - prod "t of $is ins"r t-ble power of 9-#-J -nd hen"e 6-rvello s4 -pp-rent -ppe-r-n"e witho t h-ving -"t -l re-lit#. )ne who f ll# nderst-nds the n-t re of this !-6s-r-2Tree goes be#ond 9-#-. To be -tt-"hed to it is to be "- ght in it. The s rest w-# of tr-ns"ending this !-6s-r- or worldl# life is b# wielding the eG"ellent we-pon of disp-ssion -nd non2-tt-"h6ent. %n verses fo r -nd five of this dis"o rse the Lord tells s how one goes be#ond this visible !-6s-r- -nd -tt-ins the s pre6e4 i6perish-ble st-t s4 -tt-ining whi"h one does not h-ve to ret rn to this 6ort-l world of p-in -nd de-th. Lord 8rishn- -lso des"ribes for s the wonderf l 6#ster# of $is ,resen"e in this niverse -nd the s pre6e pl-"e $e o"" pies in s st-ining ever#thing here. The Lord de"l-res th-t it is - p-rt of $i6self th-t 6-nifests here -s the individ -l so l in e-"h 12>

bod#. $e $i6self is the indwelling )verso l be#ond the self. $e is the eff lgen"e inherent in the s n4 6oon -nd fire. $e is present -s the no rishing ele6ent in the e-rth. $e is the inner witness of -ll beings. $e is the s pre6e 8nower even be#ond &edi" <nowledge. $e is the resplendent ,erson who is be#ond both this perish-ble pheno6en-l "re-tion -s well -s the i6perish-ble individ -l so l whi"h is - p-rt of $is etern-l essen"e. Th s4 be"- se $e is be#ond perish-ble 6-tter -nd s perior to the i6perish-ble so l (enveloped in 9-#-)4 $e is <nown in this world -s well -s in the ,edas -s the ! pre6e ,erson. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: :ordhwamoolam adhahshaa2ham ashwattham C&handaamsi yasya (arnaani yastam veda sa vedavit. The Clessed Lord s-id: 1. The# (the wise) spe-< of the indestr "tible (ee(ul tree4 h-ving its root -bove -nd br-n"hes below4 whose le-ves -re the 6etres or h#6nsJ he who <nows it is - <nower of the ,edas. 7dhash&hordhwam (rasritaastasya shaa2haah Guna(ravriddhaa vishaya(ravaalaah1 7dhash&ha moolaanyanusantataani +armaanubandheeni manushyalo2e. 2. Celow -nd -bove spre-d its br-n"hes4 no rished b# the 3 n-sJ sense2ob;e"ts -re its b dsJ -nd below in the world of 6en stret"h forth the roots4 origin-ting -"tion. .a roo(amasyeha tatho(alabhyate .aanto na &haadirna &ha sam(ratishthaa1 7shwatthamenam suviroodhamoolam 7sangashastrena dridhena &&hittwaa. =. %ts for6 is not per"eived here -s s "h4 neither its end nor its origin4 nor its fo nd-tion nor resting pl-"eJ h-ving " t -s nder this fir6l#2rooted (ee(ul tree with the strong -Ge of non2-tt-"h6ent4 5atah (adam /asmin gataa 5ameva &haadyam /atah (ravrittih (rasritaa (uraanee. tat na (arimaargitavyam nivartanti bhooyah1 (urusham (ra(adye (raahuravyayam1

/. Then that go-l sho ld be so ght -fter4 whither h-ving gone none ret rns -g-in. !ee< ref ge in th-t ,ri6ev-l , r sh- when"e stre-6ed forth the -n"ient -"tivit# or energ#. CO..ENTA6YG Th-t whi"h fills the whole world with the for6 of !-t"hid-n-nd-4 is , r sh-. Th-t whi"h sleeps in this "it# of the bod# is the , r sh-. !ingle26inded

12@

devotion4 whi"h "onsists of "e-selessl# re6e6bering the ! pre6e Ceing4 is the s rest -nd 6ost potent 6e-ns of -tt-ining !elf2re-lis-tion. .irmaanamohaa 0itasangadoshaa 7dhyaatmanityaa vinivritta2aamaah1 -wandwairvimu2taah su2haduh2hasam0nair Ga&&hantyamoodhaah (adamavyayam tat. >. (ree fro6 pride -nd del sion4 vi"torio s over the evil of -tt-"h6ent4 dwelling "onst-ntl# in the !elf4 their desires h-ving "o6pletel# t rned -w-#4 freed fro6 the p-irs of opposites <nown -s ple-s re -nd p-in4 the ndel ded re-"h the etern-l go-l. .a tadbhaasayate sooryo na shashaang2o /adgatwaa na nivartante taddhaama (aramam mama. na (aava2ah1

@. 'either doth the s n ill 6ine there4 nor the 6oon4 nor the fireJ h-ving gone thither the# ret rn notJ th-t is 9# s pre6e -bode. $amaivaamsho 0eevalo2e 0eevabhootah $anah shashthaaneendriyaani (ra2ritisthaani 2arshati. sanaatanah1

A. :n etern-l portion of 9#self h-ving be"o6e - living so l in the world of life4 dr-ws to (itself) the (five) senses with the 6ind for the siGth4 -biding in '-t re. Shareeram yadavaa(noti ya&&haa(yut2raamateeshwarah1 Griheetwaitaani samyaati vaayurgandhaanivaashayaat. B. When the Lord obt-ins - bod# -nd when $e le-ves it4 $e t-<es these -nd goes (with the6) -s the wind t-<es the s"ents fro6 their se-ts (flowers4 et".). Shrotram &ha2shuh s(arshanam &ha rasanam 7dhishthaaya manash&haayam vishayaanu(asevate. ghraanameva &ha1

0. ,residing over the e-r4 the e#e4 to "h4 t-ste -nd s6ell4 -s well -s the 6ind4 he en;o#s the ob;e"ts of the senses. 't2raamantam sthitam vaa(i bhun0aanam vaa ,imoodhaa naanu(ashyanti (ashyanti 0naana&ha2shushah. gunaanvitam1

10. The del ded do not see $i6 who dep-rts4 st-#s -nd en;o#sJ b t the# who possess the e#e of <nowledge behold $i6. /atanto yoginash&hainam (ashyantyaatmanyavasthitam1 /atanto6(ya2ritaatmaano nainam (ashyantya&hetasah. 11. The +ogis striving (for perfe"tion) behold $i6 dwelling in the !elfJ b t4 the nrefined -nd nintelligent4 even tho gh striving4 see $i6 not. /adaadityagatam te0o 0agad bhaasayate62hilam1 /a&&handramasi ya&&haagnau tatte0o viddhi maama2am. 12A

12. Th-t light whi"h residing in the s n4 ill 6ines the whole world4 th-t whi"h is in the 6oon -nd in the fire.<now th-t light to be 9ine. Gaam aavishya &ha bhootaani dhaarayaamyaham Pushnaami &haushadheeh sarvaah somo bhootwaa rasaatma2ah. o0asaa1

1=. ,er6e-ting the e-rth % s pport -ll beings b# (9#) energ#J -nd4 h-ving be"o6e the w-ter# 6oon4 % no rish -ll herbs. 7ham vaishwaanaro bhootwaa (raaninaam dehamaashritah1 Praanaa(aana samaayu2tah (a&haamyannam &haturvidham. 1/. $-ving be"o6e the fire &-isv-n-r-4 % -bide in the bod# of living beings -nd4 -sso"i-ted with the ,r-n- -nd :p-n-4 digest the fo rfold food. Sarvasya &haaham hridi $attah smritir 0naanam ,edais&ha sarvairahameva ,edaanta2rid vedavid eva &haaham. sannivishto a(ohanam &ha1 vedyo

1>. :nd4 % -6 se-ted in the he-rts of -llJ fro6 9e -re 6e6or#4 <nowledge4 -s well -s their -bsen"e. % -6 veril# th-t whi"h h-s to be <nown b# -ll the ,edas1 % -6 indeed the - thor of the &ed-nt-4 -nd the <nower of the ,edas -6 %. -waavimau (urushau lo2e 2sharash&haa2shara +sharah sarvaani bhootaani 2ootastho62shara u&hyate. eva &ha1

1@. Two , r sh-s there -re in this world4 the perish-ble -nd the i6perish-ble. :ll beings -re the perish-ble4 -nd the 8 t-sth- is "-lled the i6perish-ble. 'ttamah (urushastwanyah (aramaatmetyudaahritah1 /o lo2atrayamaavishya bibhartyavyaya ishwarah. 1A. C t distin"t is the ! pre6e , r sh- "-lled the highest !elf4 the indestr "tible Lord who4 perv-ding the three worlds4 s st-ins the6. /asmaat 2sharam ateeto6hama2sharaada(i 7to6smi lo2e vede &ha (rathitah (urushottamah. &hottamah1

1B. :s % tr-ns"end the perish-ble -nd -6 even higher th-n the i6perish-ble4 % -6 de"l-red -s the highest , r sh- in the world -nd in the ,edas. /o maamevam asammoodho 0aanaati Sa sarvavidbha0ati maam sarvabhaavena bhaarata. (urushottamam1

10. $e who4 ndel ded4 <nows 9e th s -s the highest , r sh-4 he4 <nowing -ll4 worships 9e with his whole being (he-rt)4 ) :r; n-H 9ti guhyatamam shaastram idamu2tam 8tadbuddhwaa buddhimaan syaat 2rita2rityash&ha bhaarata. mayaa6nagha1

12B

20. Th s4 this 6ost se"ret s"ien"e h-s been t- ght b# 9e4 ) sinless oneH )n <nowing this4 - 6-n be"o6es wise4 -nd -ll his d ties -re -""o6plished4 ) :r; n-H <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade Purushottamayogo .aama Pan&hadasho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the fifteenth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the S!1reme S1irit:

JVI The Yoga o% the Divi ion Between the Divine and the Demonia&a#
S!mmar( o% Si<teenth Di &o!r e
This dis"o rse is i6port-nt -nd ver# instr "tive to -ll persons who wish to -tt-in h-ppiness4 prosperit# -nd blessedness4 -nd to see<ers in p-rti" l-r4 who wish to -tt-in s ""ess in their spirit -l life. Lord 8rishn- brings o t q ite "le-rl# -nd n6ist-<-bl# here the inti6-te "onne"tion between ethi"s -nd spirit -lit#4 between - life of virt e -nd 3od2re-lis-tion -nd liber-tion. Listing two sets of q -lities of opposite <inds4 the Lord "l-ssifies the6 -s divine -nd de6oni-"-l ( ndivine)4 -nd rges s to er-di"-te the l-tter -nd " ltiv-te the divine q -lities. Wh-t <ind of n-t re sho ld one developM Wh-t "ond "t 6 st one followM Wh-t w-# sho ld one live -nd -"t if one 6 st -tt-in 3od -nd obt-in divine blissM These q estions -re -nswered with perfe"t "l-rit# -nd ver# definitel#. The p re divine q -lities -re "ond "ive to pe-"e -nd liber-tion -nd the ndivine q -lities le-d to bond-ge. , rit#4 good "ond "t -nd tr th -re indispens-ble to spirit -l progress -nd even to -n hono r-ble life here. Devoid of p rit#4 good "ond "t -nd tr th4 -nd h-ving no f-ith in 3od or - higher ?e-lit# be#ond this visible world4 6-n degener-tes into - two2legged be-st of gl# "h-r-"ter -nd "r el -"tions4 -nd sin<s into d-r<ness. ! "h - person be"o6es his own ene6# -nd the destro#er of the h-ppiness of others -s well -s his own. *- ght in "o ntless desires -nd "r-vings4 - sl-ve of sens -l en;o#6ents -nd beset b# - tho s-nd "-res4 his life lti6-tel# ends in 6iser# -nd degr-d-tion. $- ghtiness4 -rrog-n"e -nd egois6 le-d to this dire f-te. Therefore4 - wise person4 desiring s ""ess4 6 st er-di"-te vi"e -nd " ltiv-te virt e. %n this world three g-tes le-d to hell.the g-tes of p-ssion4 -nger -nd greed. ?ele-sed fro6 these three q -lities one "-n s ""eed in -tt-ining s-lv-tion -nd re-"hing the

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highest go-l4 n-6el# 3od. Th s the s-"red s"ript res te-"h wisel# the right p-th of p re4 virt o s living. )ne sho ld therefore follow the in; n"tions of the s-"red s"ript res th-t wish his welf-re -nd be g ided in his -"tions b# their noble te-"hings. Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 7bhayam sattwasamshuddhih 0naanayogavyavasthitih1 -aanam damash&ha ya0nash&ha swaadhyaayasta(a aar0avam. The Clessed Lord s-id: 1. (e-rlessness4 p rit# of he-rt4 ste-df-stness in +og- -nd <nowledge4 -l6s2giving4 "ontrol of the senses4 s-"rifi"e4 st d# of s"ript res4 - sterit# -nd str-ightforw-rdness4 7himsaa satyama2rodhas tyaagah shaantira(aishunam1 -ayaa bhooteshvalolu(twam maardavam hreera&haa(alam. 2. $-r6lessness4 tr th4 -bsen"e of -nger4 ren n"i-tion4 pe-"ef lness4 -bsen"e of "roo<edness4 "o6p-ssion tow-rds beings4 n"oveto sness4 gentleness4 6odest#4 -bsen"e of fi"<leness4 5e0ah 2shamaa dhritih shau&hamadroho Bhavanti sam(adam daiveem abhi0aatasya bhaarata. naatimaanitaa1

=. &igo r4 forgiveness4 fortit de4 p rit#4 -bsen"e of h-tred4 -bsen"e of pride.these belong to one born in - divine st-te4 ) :r; n-H -ambho dar(o6bhimaanash&ha 2rodhah (aarushyameva 70naanam &haabhi0aatasya (aartha sam(adamaasureem. &ha1

/. $#po"ris#4 -rrog-n"e4 self2"on"eit4 h-rshness -nd -lso -nger -nd ignor-n"e4 belong to one who is born in - de6oni-"-l st-te4 ) :r; n-H -aivee sam(advimo2shaaya nibandhaayaasuree $aa shu&hah sam(adam daiveem abhi0aato6si (aandava. mataa1

>. The divine n-t re is dee6ed for liber-tion -nd the de6oni-"-l for bond-ge. 3rieve not4 ) :r; n-4 for tho -rt born with divine propertiesH CO..ENTA6YG :s :r; n- is de;e"ted4 !ri 8rishn- -ss res hi6 not to feel -l-r6ed -t this des"ription of the de6oni-"-l q -lities -s he is born with !-ttwi" tenden"ies le-ding tow-rds s-lv-tion. -wau bhootasargau lo2e6smin daiva aasura -aivo vistarashah (ro2tah aasuram (aartha me shrinu. eva &ha1

@. There -re two t#pes of beings in this world.the divine -nd the de6oni-"-lJ the divine h-s been des"ribed -t lengthJ he-r fro6 9e4 ) :r; n-4 of the de6oni-"-lH

1=0

Pravrittim &ha nivrittim &ha 0anaa na .a shau&ham naa(i &haa&haaro na satyam teshu vidyate.

viduraasuraah1

A. The de6oni-"-l <now not wh-t to do -nd wh-t to refr-in fro6J neither p rit# nor right "ond "t nor tr th is fo nd in the6. 7satyama(ratishtham te 0agadaahuraneeshwaram1 7(aras(arasambhootam 2imanyat 2aamahaitu2am. B. The# s-#: EThis niverse is witho t tr th4 witho t - (6or-l) b-sis4 witho t - 3od4 bro ght -bo t b# 6 t -l nion4 with l st for its "- seJ wh-t elseMF 8taam drishtimavashtabhya nashtaatmaano6l(abuddhayah1 Prabhavantyugra2armaanah 2shayaaya 0agato6hitaah. 0. $olding this view4 these r ined so ls of s6-ll intelle"ts -nd fier"e deeds4 "o6e forth -s ene6ies of the world for its destr "tion. +aamamaashritya dush(ooram dambhamaanamadaanvitaah1 $ohaadgriheetvaasadgraahaan (ravartante6shu&hivrataah. 10. (illed with ins-ti-ble desires4 f ll of h#po"ris#4 pride -nd -rrog-n"e4 holding evil ide-s thro gh del sion4 the# wor< with i6p re resolves. Chintaama(arimeyaam &ha (ralayaantaamu(aashritaah1 +aamo(abhoga(aramaa etaavaditi nish&hitaah. 11. 3iving the6selves over to i66e-s r-ble "-res ending onl# with de-th4 reg-rding gr-tifi"-tion of l st -s their highest -i64 -nd feeling s re th-t th-t is -ll4 7ashaa(aashashatairbaddhaah 2aama2rodha(araayanaah1 8ehante 2aamabhogaartha manyaayenaarthasan&hayaan. 12. Co nd b# - h ndred ties of hope4 given over to l st -nd -nger4 the# strive to obt-in b# nl-wf l 6e-ns ho-rds of we-lth for sens -l en;o#6ent. 9damadya mayaa labdham imam 9damasteedama(i me bhavishyati (unardhanam. (raa(sye manoratham1

1=. EThis h-s been g-ined b# 6e tod-#J this desire % sh-ll obt-inJ this is 6ine -nd this we-lth too sh-ll be 6ine in f t re.F 7sau mayaa hatah shatrur hanishye 8eshwaro6hamaham bhogee siddho6ham balavaan su2hee. &haa(araana(i1

1/. ETh-t ene6# h-s been sl-in b# 6e -nd others -lso % sh-ll sl-#. % -6 the lordJ % en;o#J % -6 perfe"t4 powerf l -nd h-pp#F. 7adhyo6bhi0anavaanasmi 2o6nyosti sadrisho /a2shye daasyaami modishye itya0naanavimohitaah. mayaa1

1=1

1>. E% -6 ri"h -nd born in - noble f-6il#. Who else is eq -l to 6eM % will s-"rifi"e. % will give ("h-rit#). % will re;oi"e4F.th s4 del ded b# ignor-n"e4 7ne2a&hittavibhraantaah moha0aalasamaavritaah1 Prasa2taah 2aamabhogeshu (atanti nara2e6shu&hau. 1@. Cewildered b# 6-n# - f-n"#4 ent-ngled in the sn-re of del sion4 -ddi"ted to the gr-tifi"-tion of l st4 the# f-ll into - fo l hell. 7atmasambhaavitaah stabdhaa dhanamaanamadaanvitaah1 /a0ante naamaya0naiste dambhenaavidhi(oorva2am. 1A. !elf2"on"eited4 st bborn4 filled with the intoGi"-tion -nd pride of we-lth4 the# perfor6 s-"rifi"es in n-6e4 thro gh ostent-tion4 "ontr-r# to s"ript r-l ordin-n"es. 7han2aaram balam dar(am 2aamam 2rodham $aamaatma(aradeheshu (radwishanto6bhyasooya2aah. &ha samshritaah1

1B. 3iven over to egois64 power4 h- ghtiness4 l st -nd -nger4 these 6-li"io s people h-te 9e in their own bodies -nd those of others. 5aanaham dwishatah 2rooraan samsaareshu +shi(aamya0asram ashubhaan aasureeshweva yonishu. naraadhamaan1

10. These "r el h-ters4 the worst -6ong 6en in the world4.% h rl -ll these evil2doers for ever into the wo6bs of de6ons onl#. 7asureem yonimaa(annaa moodhaa 0anmani $aama(raa(yaiva 2aunteya tato yaantyadhamaam gatim. 0anmani1

20. Entering into de6oni-"-l wo6bs -nd del ded birth -fter birth4 not -tt-ining 9e4 the# th s f-ll4 ) :r; n-4 into - "ondition still lower th-n th-tH 5rividham nara2asyedam dwaaram naashanamaatmanah1 +aamah 2rodhastathaa lobhas tasmaadetat trayam tya0et. 21. Triple is the g-te of this hell4 destr "tive of the self.l st4 -nger4 -nd greed4. therefore4 one sho ld -b-ndon these three. 8tairvimu2tah 2aunteya tamodwaaraistribhirnarah1 7a&haratyaatmanah shreyas tato yaati (araam gatim. 22. : 6-n who is liber-ted fro6 these three g-tes to d-r<ness4 ) :r; n-4 pr-"tises wh-t is good for hi6 -nd th s goes to the ! pre6e go-lH CO..ENTA6YG When these three g-tes to hell -re -b-ndoned4 the p-th to s-lv-tion is "le-red for the -spir-nt. $e gets the "o6p-n# of s-ges4 whi"h le-ds to liber-tion. $e re"eives spirit -l instr "tions -nd pr-"tises the6. $e he-rs the s"ript res4 refle"ts4 6edit-tes -nd -tt-ins !elf2re-lis-tion.

1=2

/ah shaastravidhimutsri0ya vartate .a sa siddhimavaa(noti na su2ham na (araam gatim.

2aama2aaratah1

2=. $e who4 "-sting -side the ordin-n"es of the s"ript res4 -"ts nder the i6p lse of desire4 -tt-ins neither perfe"tion nor h-ppiness nor the s pre6e go-l. 5asmaat shaastram (ramaanam te 2aaryaa2aaryavyavasthitau1 Jnaatwaa shaastravidhaano2tam 2arma 2artumihaarhasi. 2/. Therefore4 let the s"ript re be the - thorit# in deter6ining wh-t o ght to be done -nd wh-t o ght not to be done. $-ving <nown wh-t is s-id in the ordin-n"e of the s"ript res4 tho sho ldst -"t here in this world. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade -aivaasurasam(advibhaagayogo .aama Shodasho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the siGteenth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the Divi ion Between the Divine K the Demonia&a#:

JVII The Yoga o% the Divi ion o% the Three%o#d Faith

S!mmar( o% Seventeenth Di &o!r e
This dis"o rse is ter6ed the E+og- of the Division of the Three 8inds of (-ithF. The the6e of this dis"o rse -rises o t of the q estion -s<ed b# :r; n- in &erse 1 with referen"e to the fin-l -nd "losing -dvi"e of Lord 8rishn- in the previo s dis"o rse4 "ont-ined in the l-st two verses therein (&erses 2= -nd 2/). :r; n- -s<s4 EWh-t -bo t those who4 even tho gh setting -side s"ript r-l in; n"tions #et perfor6 worship with f-ithMF The Lord replies -nd st-tes th-t the f-ith of s "h 6en who ignore the in; n"tions of the s"ript res "o ld be either !-ttwi"4 ?-;-si" or T-6-si". This wo ld be in -""ord-n"e with the b-si" n-t re of the person hi6self. :nd4 "onversel#4 -s is the <ind of f-ith4 so develops the n-t re of the 6-n. Th s4 in -ll things li<e s-"rifi"e4 worship4 "h-rit#4 pen-n"e4 et".4 these q -lities be"o6e eGpressed in -""ord-n"e with the <ind of f-ith in whi"h the person "on"erned is b-sed. The# prod "e res lts in -""ord-n"e with the q -lit# of the doer7s f-ith. These -"ts done with right f-ith le-d to s pre6e blessedness. When done witho t -n# f-ith wh-tsoever4 -ll these -"tions be"o6e b-rren -nd seless.

1==

7r0una 'vaa&ha: /e shaastravidhimutsri0ya ya0ante shraddhayaanvitaah1 5eshaam nishthaa tu 2aa 2rishna sattwamaaho ra0astamah. :r; n- s-id: 1. Those who4 setting -side the ordin-n"es of the s"ript res4 perfor6 s-"rifi"e with f-ith4 wh-t is their "ondition4 ) 8rishn-M %s it th-t of !-ttw-4 ?-;-s or T-6-sM CO..ENTA6YG This dis"o rse de-ls with the three <inds of f-ith4 -""ording to one7s inherent n-t re.!-ttwi"4 ?-;-si" or T-6-si". Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: 5rividhaa bhavati shraddhaa dehinaam saa Saattwi2ee raa0asee &haiva taamasee &heti taam shrinu. The Clessed Lord s-id: 2. Threefold is the f-ith of the e6bodied4 whi"h is inherent in their n-t re.the !-ttwi" (p re)4 the ?-;-si" (p-ssion-te)4 -nd the T-6-si" (d-r<). Do tho he-r of it. Sattwaanuroo(aa sarvasya shraddhaa bhavati Shraddhaamayo6yam (urusho yo ya&&hraddhah sa eva sah. bhaarata1 swabhaava0aa1

=. The f-ith of e-"h is in -""ord-n"e with his n-t re4 ) :r; n-H The 6-n "onsists of his f-ithJ -s - 6-n7s f-ith is4 so is he. /a0ante saattwi2aa devaan ya2shara2shaamsi Pretaan bhootaganaamsh&haanye ya0ante taamasaa 0anaah. raa0asaah1

/. The !-ttwi" or p re 6en worship the godsJ the ?-;-si" or the p-ssion-te worship the +-<sh-s -nd the ?-<sh-s-sJ the others (the T-6-si" or the del ded) worship the ghosts -nd the hosts of n-t re2spirits. 7shaastravihitam ghoram ta(yante ye ta(o -ambhaaham2aarasamyu2taah 2aamaraagabalaanvitaah. 0anaah1

>. Those 6en who pr-"tise terrifi" - sterities not en;oined b# the s"ript res4 given to h#po"ris# -nd egois64 i6pelled b# the for"e of l st -nd -tt-"h6ent4 +arshayantah shareerastham bhootagraamama&hetasah1 $aam &haivaantahshareerastham taanviddhyaasuranish&hayaan. @. !enseless4 tort ring -ll the ele6ents in the bod# -nd 9e -lso4 who dwells in the bod#4.<now tho these to be of de6oni-"-l resolves. 7ahaarastwa(i sarvasya trividho bhavati /a0nasta(astathaa daanam teshaam bhedamimam shrinu. (riyah1

1=/

A. The food -lso whi"h is de-r to e-"h is threefold4 -s -lso s-"rifi"e4 - sterit# -nd -l6s2giving. $e-r tho the distin"tion of these. CO..ENTA6YG : 6-n7s t-ste for - p-rti" l-r food is deter6ined -""ording to the 3 n- prev-lent in hi6. 7ayuh sattwabalaarogya su2ha (reetivi vardhanaah1 )asyaah snigdhaah sthiraa hridyaa aahaaraah saattwi2a(riyaah. B. (oods whi"h in"re-se life4 p rit#4 strength4 he-lth4;o# -nd "heerf lness4 whi"h -re ole-gino s -nd s-vo r#4 s bst-nti-l -nd -gree-ble4 -re de-r to the !-ttwi" people. +atvamlalavanaatyushna tee2shna roo2sha 7ahaaraah raa0asasyeshtaa duh2hasho2aamaya(radaah. vidaahinah1

0. The foods th-t -re bitter4 so r4 s-line4 eG"essivel# hot4 dr#4 p ngent -nd b rning4 -re li<ed b# the ?-;-si" -nd -re prod "tive of p-in4 grief -nd dise-se. /aatayaamam gatarasam (ooti (aryushitam '&&hishtama(i &haamedhyam bho0anam taamasa(riyam. &ha yat1

10. Th-t whi"h is st-le4 t-steless4 p trid4 rotten -nd i6p re ref se4 is the food li<ed b# the T-6-si". 7(halaa2aang2shibhirya0no vidhidrishto /ashtavyameveti manah samaadhaaya sa saattwi2ah. ya i0yate1

11. Th-t s-"rifi"e whi"h is offered b# 6en witho t desire for rew-rd -s en;oined b# the ordin-n"e (s"ript re)4 with - fir6 f-ith th-t to do so is - d t#4 is !-ttwi" (or p re). 7bhisandhaaya tu (halam dambhaarthama(i 90yate bharatashreshtha tam ya0nam viddhi raa0asam. &haiva yat1

12. The s-"rifi"e whi"h is offered4 ) :r; n-4 see<ing - rew-rd -nd for ostent-tion4 <now tho th-t to be - ?-;-si" +-;n-H ,idhiheenam asrishtaannam mantraheenam Shraddhaavirahitam ya0nam taamasam (ari&ha2shate. ada2shinam1

1=. The# de"l-re th-t s-"rifi"e to be T-6-si" whi"h is "ontr-r# to the ordin-n"es of the s"ript res4 in whi"h no food is distrib ted4 whi"h is devoid of 9-ntr-s -nd gifts4 -nd whi"h is devoid of f-ith. -evadwi0aguru(raa0na (oo0anam shau&hamaar0avam1 Brahma&haryamahimsaa &ha shaareeram ta(a u&hyate. 1/. Worship of the gods4 the twi"e2born4 the te-"hers -nd the wise4 p rit#4 str-ightforw-rdness4 "elib-"# -nd non2in; r#.these -re "-lled the - sterities of the bod#.

1=>

7nudwega2aram vaa2yam satyam (riyahitam Swaadhyaayaabhyasanam &haiva vaangmayam ta(a u&hyate.

&ha

yat1

1>. !pee"h whi"h "- ses no eG"ite6ent -nd is tr thf l4 ple-s-nt -nd benefi"i-l4 the pr-"ti"e of the st d# of the ,edas, -re "-lled - sterit# of spee"h. CO..ENTA6YG %t is s-id in the $anu Smriti4 E)ne sho ld spe-< wh-t is tr eJ one sho ld spe-< wh-t is ple-s-ntJ one sho ld not spe-< wh-t is tr e if it is not ple-s-nt4 nor wh-t is ple-s-nt if it is f-lse. This is the -n"ient Dh-r6-F. To be -n - sterit# spee"h sho ld "o6bine -ll the -ttrib tes 6entioned in the -bove verse. $anah(rasaadah saumyatwam maunamaatmavinigrahah1 Bhaavasamshuddhirityetat ta(o maanasamu&hyate. 1@. !erenit# of 6ind4 good2he-rtedness4 p rit# of n-t re4 self2"ontrol.this is "-lled 6ent-l - sterit#. Shraddhayaa (arayaa ta(tam ta(astattrividham 7(halaa2aang2shibhiryu2taih saattwi2am (ari&ha2shate. naraih1

1A. This threefold - sterit# pr-"tised b# ste-df-st 6en with the t6ost f-ith4 desiring no rew-rd4 the# "-ll !-ttwi". Sat2aaramaana(oo0aartham ta(o dambhena +riyate tadiha (ro2tam raa0asam &halamadhruvam. &haiva yat1

1B. The - sterit# whi"h is pr-"tised with the ob;e"t of g-ining good re"eption4 hono r -nd worship -nd with h#po"ris#4 is here s-id to be ?-;-si"4 nst-ble -nd tr-nsitor#. $oodhagraahenaatmano yat (eedayaa Parasyotsaadanaartham vaa tattaamasamudaahritam. 2riyate ta(ah1

10. The - sterit# whi"h is pr-"tised o t of - foolish notion4 with self2tort re4 or for the p rpose of destro#ing -nother4 is de"l-red to be T-6-si". -aatavyamiti yaddaanam deeyate6nu(a2aarine1 -eshe 2aale &ha (aatre &ha taddaanam saattwi2am smritam. 20. Th-t gift whi"h is given to one who does nothing in ret rn4 <nowing it to be - d t# to give in - fit pl-"e -nd ti6e to - worth# person4 th-t gift is held to be !-ttwi". /attu (ratyu(a2aaraartham (halamuddishya -eeyate &ha (ari2lishtam taddaanam raa0asam smritam. vaa (unah1

21. :nd4 th-t gift whi"h is 6-de with - view to re"eive so6ething in ret rn4 or loo<ing for - rew-rd4 or given rel "t-ntl#4 is s-id to be ?-;-si". 7desha2aale yaddaanama(aatrebhyash&ha 7sat2ritamava0naatam tattaamasamudaahritam. deeyate1

1=@

22. The gift whi"h is given -t the wrong pl-"e -nd ti6e to nworth# persons4 witho t respe"t or with ins lt4 is de"l-red to be T-6-si". CO..ENTA6YG :t the wrong pl-"e -nd ti6e.-t - pl-"e whi"h is not hol#4 where irreligio s people -nd begg-rs -sse6ble4 where we-lth -"q ired thro gh illeg-l 6e-ns s "h -s g-6bling -nd theft4 is distrib ted to g-6blers4 singers4 fools4 rog es4 wo6en of evil rep t-tionJ we-lth th-t is distrib ted -t -n in- spi"io s ti6e. This does not dis"o r-ge the giving of -l6s to the poor. :m tatsaditi nirdesho brahmanas trividhah Braahmanaastena vedaash&ha ya0naash&ha vihitaah (uraa. smritah1

2=. E)6 T-t !-tF: this h-s been de"l-red to be the triple design-tion of Cr-h6-n. C# th-t were "re-ted for6erl# the Cr-h6-n-s4 the ,edas -nd the s-"rifi"es. 5asmaadomityudaahritya ya0nadaanata(ah2riyaah1 Pravartante vidhaano2taah satatam brahmavaadinaam. 2/. Therefore4 with the tter-n"e of E)6F -re the -"ts of gift4 s-"rifi"e -nd - sterit# -s en;oined in the s"ript res -lw-#s beg n b# the st dents of Cr-h6-n. 5adityanabhisandhaaya (halam ya0nata(ah -aana2riyaash&ha vividhaah 2riyante mo2sha2aang2shibhih. 2riyaah1

2>. 5ttering T-t4 witho t -i6ing -t the fr its4 -re the -"ts of s-"rifi"e -nd - sterit# -nd the v-rio s -"ts of gift perfor6ed b# the see<ers of liber-tion. Sadbhaave saadhubhaave &ha sadityetat(rayu0yate1 Prashaste 2armani tathaa sa&&habdah (aartha yu0yate. 2@. The word !-t is sed in the sense of re-lit# -nd of goodnessJ -nd so -lso4 ) :r; n-4 it is sed in the sense of -n - spi"io s -"tH /a0ne ta(asi daane &ha sthitih +arma &haiva tadartheeyam sadityevaabhidheeyate. saditi &ho&hyate1

2A. !te-df-stness in s-"rifi"e4 - sterit# -nd gift4 is -lso "-lled !-t4 -nd -lso -"tion in "onne"tion with these (or for the s-<e of the ! pre6e) is "-lled !-t. 7shraddhayaa hutam dattam ta(asta(tam 7sadityu&hyate (aartha na &ha tat(retya no iha. 2ritam &ha yat1

2B. Wh-tever is s-"rifi"ed4 given or perfor6ed4 -nd wh-tever - sterit# is pr-"tised witho t f-ith4 it is "-lled :s-t4 ) :r; n-H %t is n- ght here or here-fter (-fter de-th). CO..ENTA6YG Wh-tever s-"rifi"e4 - sterit# or "h-rit# done witho t being dedi"-ted to the Lord will be of no -v-il to the doer in this e-rthl# life here or in the life be#ond here-fter.

1=A

<ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade Shraddhaatrayavibhaagayogo .aama Sa(tadasho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the seventeenth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% the Divi ion o% the Three%o#d Faith:

JVIII The Yoga o% Li"eration "( 6en!n&iation

S!mmar( o% Eighteenth Di &o!r e
The eighteenth dis"o rse4 whi"h is the "on"l sion of the divine dis"o rse of Lord 8rishn-4 is in 6-n# w-#s - s 66-r# of the foregoing portions of the Gita. %t "overs in brief n 6ero s i6port-nt points de-lt with in the previo s dis"o rses. $ere #o behold the lti6-te res lt or effe"t of the Lord7s dis"o rse to :r; n-. The dr-6- of :r; n-7s tter desponden"# -nd bre-<down is fin-ll# resolved in tri 6ph-nt self2 6-ster#4 strength -nd bold resol teness. %ts "entr-l 6ess-ge e6erges -s -n -ss r-n"e th-t in -nd thro gh the perfor6-n"e of one7s respe"tive d ties in life one "-n q -lif# for the highest liber-tion4 if one perfor6s -"tions b# reno n"ing egois6 -nd -tt-"h6ent -nd s rrendering -ll desire for selfish4 person-l g-in. C# reg-rding the perfor6-n"e of #o r d ties -s worship offered to 3od4 #o obt-in the 3r-"e of the Lord -nd -tt-in the etern-l )ne. !ignifi"-ntl#4 this dis"o rse opens with - q estion b# :r; n- -s<ing wh-t is tr e !-nn#-s- -nd tr e T#-g- (ren n"i-tion). %n repl# to this i6port-nt -nd "r "i-l q er#4 the blessed Lord 6-<es it "le-r to s th-t re-l !-nn#-s- or ren n"i-tion lies in ren n"i-tion of selfish -"tions4 -nd even 6ore in the ren n"i-tion of the desire or greed for the fr its of -n# -"tion. &er# "le-rl# we -re told th-t selfless -nd virt o s -"tions4 -nd -"tions "ond "ive to the welf-re of others sho ld not be -b-ndoned. +o 6 st eng-ge #o rself in perfor6ing s "h -"tion b t reno n"ing -tt-"h6ent -nd greed. The tr e -nd proper ren n"i-tion is giving p of selfishness -nd -tt-"h6ent while perfor6ing one7s legiti6-te d ties. This is "-lled !-ttwi" T#-g-. We neither h-te nple-s-nt -"tion nor -re we -tt-"hed to ple-s r-ble -"tion. :s it is not possible for #o to reno n"e -ll -"tion4 the ren n"i-tion of egois64 selfishness -nd -tt-"h6ent in #o r -"tivit# is de"l-red -s tr e ren n"i-tion. 8-r6- does not -"" 6 l-te -nd bind one who is th s est-blished in s "h inner ren n"i-tion. The divine in; n"tion is th-t 3od 6 st be 6-de the sole ob;e"t of one7s life. This is the he-rt of the Gita gospel. This is the "entr-l 6ess-ge in its te-"hing. This is the one w-# to #o r welf-re here.

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'ow !-n;-#- "on"l des his n-rr-tive b# de"l-ring th-t where there is s "h obedien"e -s th-t of :r; n-4 -nd s "h willing re-diness to "-rr# o t the divine te-"hings4 there s rel# prosperit#4 vi"tor#4 glor# -nd -ll blessedness will prev-il. 7r0una 'vaa&ha: Sannyaasasya mahaabaaho tattwami&&haami 5yaagasya &ha hrishee2esha (ritha2 2eshinishoodana. :r; n- s-id: 1. % desire to <now sever-ll#4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed4 the essen"e or tr th of ren n"i-tion4 ) $rishi<es-4 -s -lso of -b-ndon6ent4 ) sl-#er of 8esiH Sri Bhagavaan 'vaa&ha: +aamyaanaam 2armanaam nyaasam sannyaasam Sarva2arma(halatyaagam (raahustyaagam vi&ha2shanaah. The Clessed Lord s-id: 2. The s-ges nderst-nd !-nn#-s to be the ren n"i-tion of -"tion with desireJ the wise de"l-re the -b-ndon6ent of the fr its of -ll -"tions -s T#-g-. 5yaa0yam doshavaditye2e 2arma /a0nadaanata(ah 2arma na tyaa0yamiti &haa(are. (raahurmaneeshinah1 2avayoviduh1 veditum1

=. !o6e philosophers de"l-re th-t -ll -"tions sho ld be -b-ndoned -s -n evil4 while others de"l-re th-t -"ts of gift4 s-"rifi"e -nd - sterit# sho ld not be relinq ished. .ish&hayam shrinu me tatra tyaage 5yaago hi (urushavyaaghra trividhah sam(ra2eertitah. bharatasattama1

/. $e-r fro6 9e the "on"l sion or the fin-l tr th -bo t this -b-ndon6ent4 ) best of the Ch-r-t-sJ -b-ndon6ent4 veril#4 ) best of 6en4 h-s been de"l-red to be of three <indsH /a0nadaanata(ah 2arma na tyaa0yam 2aaryameva /a0no daanam ta(ash&haiva (aavanaani maneeshinaam. tat1

>. :"ts of s-"rifi"e4 gift -nd - sterit# sho ld not be -b-ndoned4 b t sho ld be perfor6edJ s-"rifi"e4 gift -nd -lso - sterit# -re the p rifiers of the wise. 8taanya(i tu 2armaani sangam tya2twaa +artavyaaneeti me (aartha nish&hitam matamuttamam. (halaani &ha1

@. C t even these -"tions sho ld be perfor6ed le-ving -side -tt-"h6ent -nd the desire for rew-rds4 ) :r; n-H This is 9# "ert-in -nd best "onvi"tion.

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CO..ENTA6YG This is - s 66-r# of the do"trine of 8-r6- +og- -lre-d# en n"i-ted before. The defe"t in 8-r6- is not in the -"tion itself b t in -tt-"h6ent -nd eGpe"t-tion of - rew-rd. .iyatasya tu sannyaasah 2armano $ohaattasya (arityaagas taamasah (ari2eertitah. no(a(adyate1

A. &eril#4 the ren n"i-tion of oblig-tor# -"tion is i6properJ the -b-ndon6ent of the s-6e fro6 del sion is de"l-red to be T-6-si". -uh2hamityeva yat 2arma 2aaya2leshabhayaat Sa 2ritwaa raa0asam tyaagam naiva tyaaga(halam labhet. tya0et1

B. $e who -b-ndons -"tion on -""o nt of the fe-r of bodil# tro ble (be"- se it is p-inf l)4 he does not obt-in the 6erit of ren n"i-tion b# doing s "h ?-;-si" ren n"i-tion. +aaryamityeva yat2arma niyatam 2riyate6r0una1 Sangam tya2twaa (halam &haiva sa tyaagah saattwi2o matah. 0. Wh-tever oblig-tor# -"tion is done4 ) :r; n-4 6erel# be"- se it o ght to be done4 -b-ndoning -tt-"h6ent -nd -lso the desire for rew-rd4 th-t ren n"i-tion is reg-rded -s !-ttwi"H .a dweshtya2ushalam 2arma 2ushale 5yaagee sattwasamaavishto medhaavee &&hinnasamshayah. naanusha00ate1

10. The 6-n of ren n"i-tion4 perv-ded b# p rit#4 intelligent -nd with his do bts " t -s nder4 does not h-te - dis-gree-ble wor< nor is he -tt-"hed to -n -gree-ble one. .a hi dehabhritaa sha2yam tya2tum /astu 2arma(halatyaagi sa tyaageetyabhidheeyate. 2armaanyasheshatah1

11. &eril#4 it is not possible for -n e6bodied being to -b-ndon -"tions entirel#J b t he who relinq ishes the rew-rds of -"tions is veril# "-lled - 6-n of ren n"i-tion. CO..ENTA6YG '-t re4 -nd #o r own n-t re4 too4 will rge #o to do -"tions. +o will h-ve to -b-ndon the ide- of -gen"# -nd the fr its of -"tions. Then no -"tion will bind #o . 7nishtamishtam mishram &ha trividham 2armanah Bhavatyatyaaginaam (retya na tu sannyaasinaam 2wa&hit. (halam1

12. The threefold fr it of -"tion.evil4 good -nd 6iGed.-""r es -fter de-th to the non2-b-ndoners4 b t never to the -b-ndoners. Pan&haitaani mahaabaaho 2aaranaani nibodha Saan2hye 2ritaante (ro2taani siddhaye sarva2armanaam. me1

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1=. Le-rn fro6 9e4 ) 6ight#2-r6ed :r; n-4 these five "- ses4 -s de"l-red in the !-n<h#- s#ste6 for the -""o6plish6ent of -ll -"tionsH 7dhishthaanam tathaa 2artaa 2aranam &ha (rithagvidham1 ,ividhaash&ha (ritha2&heshtaa daivam &haivaatra (an&hamam. 1/. The bod#4 the doer4 the v-rio s senses4 the different f n"tions of v-rio s sorts4 -nd the presiding Deit#4 -lso4 the fifth4 Shareeravaangmanobhiryat 2arma (raarabhate .yaayyam vaa vi(areetam vaa (an&haite tasya hetavah. narah1

1>. Wh-tever -"tion - 6-n perfor6s b# his bod#4 spee"h -nd 6ind4 whether right or the reverse4 these five -re its "- ses. 5atraivam sati 2artaaram aatmaanam Pashyatya2ritabuddhitwaan na sa (ashyati durmatih. 2evalam tu yah1

1@. 'ow4 s "h being the "-se4 he who4 owing to ntr-ined nderst-nding4 loo<s pon his !elf4 whi"h is isol-ted4 -s the -gent4 he of perverted intelligen"e4 sees not. /asya naahan2rito bhaavo buddhiryasya <atwaa(i sa imaam llo2aan na hanti na nibadhyate. na li(yate1

1A. $e who is ever free fro6 the egoisti" notion4 whose intelligen"e is not t-inted b# (good or evil)4 tho gh he sl-#s these people4 he sl-#eth not4 nor is he bo nd (b# the -"tion). Jnaanam 0neyam (ari0naataa trividhaa +aranam 2arma 2arteti trividhah 2armasangrahah. 2arma&hodanaa1

1B. 8nowledge4 the <now-ble -nd the <nower for6 the threefold i6p lse to -"tionJ the org-n4 the -"tion -nd the -gent for6 the threefold b-sis of -"tion. Jnaanam 2arma &ha 2artaa &ha tridhaiva Pro&hyate gunasan2hyaane yathaava&&hrinu taanya(i. gunabhedatah1

10. 8nowledge4 -"tion -nd the -"tor -re de"l-red in the s"ien"e of the 3 n-s (the !-n<h#- philosoph#) to be of three <inds onl#4 -""ording to the distin"tion of the 3 n-s. $e-r the6 -lso d l#. Sarvabhooteshu yenai2am bhaavamavyayamee2shate1 7vibha2tam vibha2teshu ta00naanam viddhi saattwi2am. 20. Th-t b# whi"h one sees the one indestr "tible ?e-lit# in -ll beings4 not sep-r-te in -ll the sep-r-te beings.<now tho th-t <nowledge to be !-ttwi" (p re). Pritha2twena tu ya00naanam naanaabhaavaan ,etti sarveshu bhooteshu ta00naanam viddhi raa0asam. (rithagvidhaan1

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21. C t th-t <nowledge whi"h sees in -ll beings v-rio s entities of distin"t <inds -s different fro6 one -nother.<now tho th-t <nowledge to be ?-;-si" (p-ssion-te). /attu 2ritsnavade2asmin 2aarye 7tattwaarthavadal(am &ha tattaamasamudaahritam. sa2tamahaitu2am1

22. C t th-t whi"h "lings to one single effe"t -s if it were the whole4 witho t re-son4 witho t fo nd-tion in Tr th4 -nd trivi-l.th-t is de"l-red to be T-6-si" (d-r<). .iyatam sangarahitam araagadweshatah 7(hala(re(sunaa 2arma yattat saattwi2amu&hyate. 2ritam1

2=. :n -"tion whi"h is ord-ined4 whi"h is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent4 whi"h is done witho t love or h-tred b# one who is not desiro s of -n# rew-rd.th-t -"tion is de"l-red to be !-ttwi". /attu 2aame(sunaa 2arma saahan2aarena +riyate bahulaayaasam tadraa0asamudaahritam. vaa (unah1

2/. C t th-t -"tion whi"h is done b# one longing for the f lfil6ent of desires or g-in4 with egois6 or with 6 "h effort.th-t is de"l-red to be ?-;-si". 7nubandham 2shayam himsaam anave2shya $ohaadaarabhyate 2arma yattat taamasamu&hyate. &ha (aurusham1

2>. Th-t -"tion whi"h is ndert-<en fro6 del sion4 witho t reg-rd to the "onseq en"es of loss4 in; r# -nd (one7s own) -bilit#.th-t is de"l-red to be T-6-si". $u2tasango6nahamvaadi dhrityutsaahasamanvitah1 Siddhyasiddhyor nirvi2aarah 2artaa saattwi2a u&hyate. 2@. $e who is free fro6 -tt-"h6ent4 non2egoisti"4 endowed with fir6ness -nd enth si-s6 -nd n-ffe"ted b# s ""ess or f-il re4 is "-lled !-ttwi". )aagee 2arma(hala(re(sur lubdho <arshasho2aanvitah 2artaa raa0asah (ari2eertitah. himsaatma2o6shu&hih1

2A. ,-ssion-te4 desiring to obt-in the rew-rds of -"tions4 "r el4 greed#4 i6p re4 6oved b# ;o# -nd sorrow4 s "h -n -gent is s-id to be ?-;-si". 7yu2tah (raa2ritah stabdhah shatho ,ishaadee deerghasootree &ha 2artaa taamasa u&hyate. naish2riti2o6lasah1

2B. 5nste-d#4 de;e"ted4 nbending4 "he-ting4 6-li"io s4 v lg-r4 l-K# -nd pros"r-stin-ting.s "h -n -gent is "-lled T-6-si". Buddherbhedam dhritesh&haiva gunatastrividham Pro&hyamaanamasheshena (ritha2twena dhanan0aya. shrinu1

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20. $e-r tho the threefold division of the intelle"t -nd fir6ness -""ording to the 3 n-s4 -s % de"l-re the6 f ll# -nd distin"tl#4 ) :r; n-H Pravrittim &ha nivrittim &ha 2aryaa2aarye bhayaabhaye1 Bandhammo2sham &ha yaa vetti buddhih saa (aartha saattwi2ee. =0. Th-t whi"h <nows the p-th of wor< -nd ren n"i-tion4 wh-t o ght to be done -nd wh-t o ght not to be done4 fe-r -nd fe-rlessness4 bond-ge -nd liber-tion.th-t intelle"t is !-ttwi"4 ) :r; n-H /ayaa dharmamadharmam &ha 2aaryam &haa2aaryameva 7yathaavat (ra0aanaati buddhih saa (aartha raa0asee. &ha1

=1. Th-t b# whi"h one in"orre"tl# nderst-nds Dh-r6- -nd :dh-r6-4 -nd -lso wh-t o ght to be done -nd wh-t o ght not to be done.th-t intelle"t4 ) :r; n-4 is ?-;-si"H CO..ENTA6YG Th-t whi"h is ord-ined in the s"ript res is Dh-r6-. Th-t whi"h h rls #o into the -b#ss of ignor-n"e is :dh-r6-. The ?-;-si" intelle"t is not -ble to disting ish between righteo s -nd nrighteo s -"tions. 7dharmam dharmamiti yaa manyate tamasaavritaa1 Sarvaarthaan vi(areetaamsh&ha buddhih saa (aartha taamasee. =2. Th-t whi"h4 enveloped in d-r<ness4 views :dh-r6- -s Dh-r6- -nd -ll things perverted.th-t intelle"t4 ) :r; n-4 is "-lled T-6-si"H -hrityaa yayaa dhaarayate manah (raanendriya2riyaah1 /ogenaavyabhi&haarinyaa dhritih saa (aartha saattwi2ee. ==. The nw-vering fir6ness b# whi"h4 thro gh +og-4 the f n"tions of the 6ind4 the life2for"e -nd the senses -re restr-ined.th-t fir6ness4 ) :r; n-4 is !-ttwi"H /ayaa tu dharma2aamaarthaan dhrityaa dhaarayate6r0una1 Prasangena (halaa2aang2shee dhritih saa (aartha raa0asee. =/. C t th-t fir6ness4 ) :r; n-4 b# whi"h4 on -""o nt of -tt-"h6ent -nd desire for rew-rd4 one holds f-st to Dh-r6-4 en;o#6ent of ple-s res -nd e-rning of we-lth.th-t fir6ness4 ) :r; n-4 is ?-;-si"H /ayaa swa(nam bhayam sho2am vishaadam .a vimun&hati durmedhaa dhritih saa (aartha taamasee. madameva &ha1

=>. Th-t b# whi"h - st pid 6-n does not -b-ndon sleep4 fe-r4 grief4 desp-ir -nd -lso "on"eit.th-t fir6ness4 ) :r; n-4 is T-6-si"H Su2ham twidaaneem trividham shrinu me 7bhyaasaadramate yatra duh2haantam &ha niga&&hati. bharatarshabha1

=@. 'ow he-r fro6 9e4 ) :r; n-4 of the threefold ple-s re4 in whi"h one re;oi"es b# pr-"ti"e -nd s rel# "o6es to the end of p-inH 1/=

/attadagre vishamiva (arinaame6mrito(amam1 5atsu2ham saattwi2am (ro2tam aatmabuddhi(rasaada0am. =A. Th-t whi"h is li<e poison -t first b t in the end li<e ne"t-r.th-t ple-s re is de"l-red to be !-ttwi"4 born of the p rit# of one7s own 6ind d e to !elf2re-lis-tion. ,ishayendriya samyogaad yattadagre6mrito(amam1 Parinaame vishamiva tatsu2ham raa0asam smritam. =B. Th-t ple-s re whi"h -rises fro6 the "ont-"t of the sense2org-ns with the ob;e"ts4 whi"h is -t first li<e ne"t-r -nd in the end li<e poison.th-t is de"l-red to be ?-;-si". /adagre &haanubandhe &ha su2ham .idraalasya(ramaadottham tattaamasamudaahritam. mohanamaatmanah1

=0. Th-t ple-s re whi"h -t first -nd in the seq el is del sive of the self4 -rising fro6 sleep4 indolen"e -nd heedlessness.s "h - ple-s re is de"l-red to be T-6-si". .a tadasti (rithivyaam vaa divi deveshu Sattwam (ra2riti0airmu2tam yadebhih syaat tribhirgunaih. vaa (unah1

/0. There is no being on e-rth or -g-in in he-ven -6ong the gods th-t is liber-ted fro6 the three q -lities born of '-t re. Braahmana2shatriyavishaam shoodraanaam &ha +armaani (ravibha2taani swabhaava(rabhavairgunaih. (aranta(a1

/1. )f Cr-h6-n-s4 8sh-tri#-s -nd &-ish#-s4 -s -lso the ! dr-s4 ) :r; n-4 the d ties -re distrib ted -""ording to the q -lities born of their own n-t reH Shamo damasta(ah shau&ham 2shaantiraar0avameva Jnaanam vi0naanam aasti2yam brahma2arma swabhaava0am. &ha1

/2. !erenit#4 self2restr-int4 - sterit#4 p rit#4 forgiveness -nd -lso prightness4 <nowledge4 re-lis-tion -nd belief in 3od -re the d ties of the Cr-h6-n-s4 born of (their own) n-t re. Shauryam te0o dhritirdaa2shyam yuddhe &haa(ya(alaayanam1 -aanameeshwarabhaavash&ha 2shaatram 2armaswabhaava0am. /=. ,rowess4 splendo r4 fir6ness4 deGterit# -nd -lso not fleeing fro6 b-ttle4 generosit# -nd lordliness -re the d ties of 8sh-tri#-s4 born of (their own) n-t re. +rishigaura2shyavaani0yam vaishya2arma swabhaava0am1 Pari&haryaatma2am 2arma shoodrasyaa(i swabhaava0am. //. :gri" lt re4 "-ttle2re-ring -nd tr-de -re the d ties of the &-ish#- (6er"h-nt "l-ss)4 born of (their own) n-t reJ -nd -"tion "onsisting of servi"e is the d t# of the ! dr- (serv-nt "l-ss)4 born of (their own) n-t re.

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CO..ENTA6YG When - 6-n does his d ties rightl# -""ording to his order of life4 his he-rt gets p rified -nd he goes to he-ven. Swe swe 2armanyabhiratah samsiddhim Swa2armaniratah siddhim yathaa vindati ta&&hrinu. labhate narah1

/>. E-"h 6-n4 devoted to his own d t#4 -tt-ins perfe"tion. $ow he -tt-ins perfe"tion while being eng-ged in his own d t#4 he-r now. /atah (ravrittirbhootaanaam yena sarvamidam Swa2armanaa tamabhyar&hya siddhim vindati maanavah. tatam1

/@. $e fro6 who6 -ll the beings h-ve evolved -nd b# who6 -ll this is perv-ded4 worshipping $i6 with his own d t#4 6-n -tt-ins perfe"tion. CO..ENTA6YG 9-n -tt-ins perfe"tion b# worshipping the Lord thro gh the perfor6-n"e of his own d t#4 th-t is4 he be"o6es q -lified for the d-wn of !elf2 <nowledge. Shreyaanswadharmo vigunah (aradharmaat Swabhaavaniyatam 2arma 2urvannaa(noti 2ilbisham. swanushthitaat1

/A. Cetter is one7s own d t# (tho gh) destit te of 6erits4 th-n the d t# of -nother well perfor6ed. $e who does the d t# ord-ined b# his own n-t re in" rs no sin. Saha0am 2arma 2aunteya sadoshama(i Sarvaarambhaa hi doshena dhoomenaagnirivaavritaah. na tya0et1

/B. )ne sho ld not -b-ndon4 ) :r; n-4 the d t# to whi"h one is born4 tho gh f- lt#J for4 -ll ndert-<ings -re enveloped b# evil4 -s fire b# s6o<eH 7sa2tabuddhih sarvatra 0itaatmaa vigatas(rihah1 .aish2armyasiddhim (aramaam sannyaasenaadhiga&&hati. /0. $e whose intelle"t is n-tt-"hed ever#where4 who h-s s bd ed his self4 fro6 who6 desire h-s fled4.he b# ren n"i-tion -tt-ins the s pre6e st-te of freedo6 fro6 -"tion. Siddhim (raa(to yathaa brahma tathaa(noti Samaasenaiva 2aunteya nishthaa 0naanasya yaa (araa. nibodha me1

>0. Le-rn fro6 9e in brief4 ) :r; n-4 how he who h-s -tt-ined perfe"tion re-"hes Cr-h6-n4 th-t s pre6e st-te of <nowledge. Buddhyaa vishuddhayaa yu2to dhrityaatmaanam niyamya Shabdaadeen vishayaanstya2twaa raagadweshau vyudasya &ha. &ha1

>1. Endowed with - p re intelle"t4 "ontrolling the self b# fir6ness4 relinq ishing so nd -nd other ob;e"ts -nd -b-ndoning both h-tred -nd -ttr-"tion4

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,ivi2tasevee laghwaashee yatavaa22aayamaanasah1 -hyaanayoga(aro nityam vairaagyam samu(aashritah. >2. Dwelling in solit de4 e-ting b t little4 with spee"h4 bod# -nd 6ind s bd ed4 -lw-#s eng-ged in "on"entr-tion -nd 6edit-tion4 t-<ing ref ge in disp-ssion4 7han2aaram balam dar(am 2aamam 2rodham ,imu&hya nirmamah shaanto brahmabhooyaaya 2al(ate. (arigraham1

>=. $-ving -b-ndoned egois64 strength4 -rrog-n"e4 -nger4 desire4 -nd "oveto sness4 free fro6 the notion of E6ineF -nd pe-"ef l4.he is fit for be"o6ing Cr-h6-n. Brahmabhootah (rasannaatmaa na sho&hati Samah sarveshu bhooteshu madbha2tim labhate (araam. na 2aang2shati1

>/. Ce"o6ing Cr-h6-n4 serene in the !elf4 he neither grieves nor desiresJ the s-6e to -ll beings4 he -tt-ins s pre6e devotion nto 9e. Bha2tyaa maamabhi0aanaati yaavaanyash&haasmi 5ato maam tattwato 0naatwaa vishate tadanantaram. tattwatah1

>>. C# devotion he <nows 9e in tr th4 wh-t -nd who % -6J -nd <nowing 9e in tr th4 he forthwith enters into the ! pre6e. Sarva2armaanya(i sadaa 2urvaano madvya(aashrayah1 $at(rasaadaadavaa(noti shaashwatam (adamavyayam. >@. Doing -ll -"tions -lw-#s4 t-<ing ref ge in 9e4 b# 9# 3r-"e he obt-ins the etern-l4 indestr "tible st-te or -bode. Chetasaa sarva2armaani mayi sannyasya Buddhiyogam u(aashritya ma&&hittah satatam bhava. mat(arah1

>A. 9ent-ll# reno n"ing -ll -"tions in 9e4 h-ving 9e -s the highest go-l4 resorting to the +og- of dis"ri6in-tion do tho ever fiG th# 6ind on 9e. $a&&hittah sarvadurgaani mat(rasaadaat 7tha &het twam ahan2aaraan na shroshyasi vinang2shyasi. tarishyasi1

>B. (iGing th# 6ind on 9e4 tho sh-lt b# 9# 3r-"e over"o6e -ll obst-"lesJ b t if fro6 egois6 tho wilt not he-r 9e4 tho sh-lt perish. /adahan2aaram aashritya na yotsya $ithyaisha vyavasaayaste (ra2ritistwaam niyo2shyati. iti manyase1

>0. %f4 filled with egois64 tho thin<est: E% will not fightF4 v-in is this4 th# resolveJ '-t re will "o6pel thee. Swabhaava0ena 2aunteya nibaddhah swena +artum ne&&hasi yanmohaat 2arishyasyavasho6(i tat. 2armanaa1

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@0. ) :r; n-4 bo nd b# th# own 8-r6- (-"tion) born of th# own n-t re4 th-t whi"h fro6 del sion tho wishest not to do4 even th-t tho sh-lt do helplessl#H CO..ENTA6YG Tho wilt be for"ed to fight be"- se of th# n-t re. %t will "o6pel thee to fight4 6 "h -g-inst th# will. 8eshwarah sarvabhootaanaam hriddeshe6r0una Bhraamayan sarvabhootaani yantraaroodhaani maayayaa. tishthati1

@1. The Lord dwells in the he-rts of -ll beings4 ) :r; n-4 "- sing -ll beings4 b# $is ill sive power4 to revolve -s if 6o nted on - 6-"hineH 5ameva sharanam ga&&ha sarvabhaavena bhaarata1 5at(rasaadaat(araam shaantim sthaanam (raa(syasi shaashwatam. @2. (l# nto $i6 for ref ge with -ll th# being4 ) :r; n-H C# $is 3r-"e tho sh-lt obt-in s pre6e pe-"e -nd the etern-l -bode. 9ti te 0naanamaa2hyaatam guhyaad ,imrishyaitadasheshena yathe&&hasi tathaa 2uru. guhyataram mayaa1

@=. Th s h-s wisdo6 6ore se"ret th-n se"re"# itself been de"l-red nto thee b# 9eJ h-ving refle"ted over it f ll#4 then -"t tho -s tho wishest. Sarvaguhyatamam bhooyah shrinu me 9shto6si me dridhamiti tato va2shyaami te hitam. (aramam va&hah1

@/. $e-r tho -g-in 9# s pre6e word4 6ost se"ret of -llJ be"- se tho -rt de-rl# beloved of 9e4 % will tell thee wh-t is good. $anmanaa bhava madbha2to madyaa0ee $aamevaishyasi satyam te (rati0aane (riyo6si me. maam namas2uru1

@>. (iG th# 6ind on 9e4 be devoted to 9e4 s-"rifi"e to 9e4 bow down to 9e. Tho sh-lt "o6e even to 9eJ tr l# do % pro6ise nto thee4 (for) tho -rt de-r to 9e. Sarvadharmaan (aritya0ya maame2am sharanam 7ham twaa sarva(aa(ebhyo mo2shayishyaami maa shu&hah. vra0a1

@@. :b-ndoning -ll d ties4 t-<e ref ge in 9e -loneJ % will liber-te thee fro6 -ll sinsJ grieve not. 9dam te naata(as2aaya naabha2taaya 2adaa&hana1 .a &haashushrooshave vaa&hyam na &ha maam yo6bhyasooyati. @A. This is never to be spo<en b# thee to one who is devoid of - sterities4 to one who is not devoted4 nor to one who does not render servi"e4 nor who does not desire to listen4 nor to one who "-vils -t 9e.

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/a imam (aramam guhyam madbha2teshvabhidhaasyati1 Bha2tim mayi (araam 2ritwaa maamevaishyatyasamshayah. @B. $e who with s pre6e devotion to 9e will te-"h this s pre6e se"ret to 9# devotees4 sh-ll do btless "o6e to 9e. .a &ha tasmaanmanushyeshu 2ash&hinme Bhavitaa na &ha me tasmaadanyah (riyataro bhuvi. (riya2rittamah1

@0. 'or is there -n# -6ong 6en who does de-rer servi"e to 9e4 nor sh-ll there be -nother on e-rth de-rer to 9e th-n he. CO..ENTA6YG $e who h-nds down this Gita to 9# devotees does i66ense servi"e to 9e. $e is eGtre6el# de-r to 9e. %n the present gener-tion4 there will be none de-rer to 9e in the world4 nor sh-ll there be in the f t re -lso. 7dhyeshyate &ha ya imam dharmyam Jnaanaya0nena tenaaham ishtah syaamiti me matih. samvaadamaavayoh1

A0. :nd he who will st d# this s-"red di-log e of o rs4 b# hi6 % sh-ll h-ve been worshipped b# the s-"rifi"e of wisdo6J s "h is 9# "onvi"tion. Shraddhaavaan anasooyash&ha shrinuyaada(i yo So6(i mu2tah shubhaamllo2aan (raa(nuyaat (unya2armanaam. narah1

A1. The 6-n -lso who he-rs this4 f ll of f-ith -nd free fro6 6-li"e4 he4 too4 liber-ted4 sh-ll -tt-in to the h-pp# worlds of those of righteo s deeds. +a&&hid eta&&hrutam (aartha twayai2aagrena +a&&hid a0naanasammohah (ranashtaste dhanan0aya. &hetasaa1

A2. $-s this been he-rd4 ) :r; n-4 with one2pointed 6indM $-s the del sion of th# ignor-n"e been f ll# destro#ed4 ) Dh-n-n;-#-M 7r0una 'vaa&ha: .ashto mohah smritirlabdhaa twat(rasaadaanmayaa&hyuta1 Sthito6smi gata sandehah 2arishye va&hanam tava. :r; n- s-id: A=. Destro#ed is 6# del sion -s % h-ve g-ined 6# 6e6or# (<nowledge) thro gh Th# 3r-"e4 ) 8rishn-H % -6 fir6J 6# do bts -re gone. % will -"t -""ording to Th# word. San0aya 'vaa&ha: 9tyaham vaasudevasya (aarthasya &ha Samvaadam imam ashrausham adbhutam romaharshanam. !-n;-#- s-id: 1/B mahaatmanah1

A/. Th s h-ve % he-rd this wonderf l di-log e between 8rishn- -nd the high2so led :r; n-4 whi"h "- ses the h-ir to st-nd on end. ,yaasa(rasaadaa&&hrutavaan etadguhyamaham /ogam yogeshwaraat 2rishnaat saa2shaat 2athayatah swayam. (aram1

A>. Thro gh the 3r-"e of &#-s- % h-ve he-rd this s pre6e -nd 6ost se"ret +ogdire"t fro6 8rishn-4 the Lord of +og- $i6self de"l-ring it. )aa0an samsmritya samsmritya samvaadam +eshavaar0unayoh (unyam hrishyaami &ha muhurmuhuh. imam adbhutam1

A@. ) 8ing4 re6e6bering this wonderf l -nd hol# di-log e between 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 % re;oi"e -g-in -nd -g-inH 5a&&ha samsmritya samsmritya roo(amatyadbhutam ,ismayo me mahaan raa0an hrishyaami &ha (unah (unah. hareh1

AA. :nd re6e6bering -g-in -nd -g-in -lso th-t 6ost wonderf l for6 of $-ri4 gre-t is 6# wonder4 ) 8ingH :nd % re;oi"e -g-in -nd -g-inH /atra yogeshwarah 2rishno yatra (aartho 5atra shreervi0ayo bhootirdhruvaa neetirmatirmama. dhanurdharah1

AB. Wherever there is 8rishn-4 the Lord of +og-4 wherever there is :r; n-4 the -r"her4 there -re prosperit#4 h-ppiness4 vi"tor# -nd fir6 poli"#J s "h is 6# "onvi"tion. <ari :m 5at Sat 9ti Srimad Bhagavadgeetaasoo(anishatsu Brahmavidyaayaam /ogashaastre Sri +rishnaar0unasamvaade $o2shasannyaasayogo .aama 7shtaadasho6dhyaayah Th s in the '(anishads of the glorio s Bhagavad Gita, the s"ien"e of the Etern-l4 the s"ript re of +og-4 the di-log e between !ri 8rishn- -nd :r; n-4 ends the eighteenth dis"o rse entitled: ;The Yoga o% Li"eration "( 6en!n&iation: :m Shanti* Shanti* Shanti*

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