ANSWERS TO 4E CHEMISTRY PRELIM EXAM 2008

PAPER 1
1. C 6. B 11. B 16. B 21. C 26. A 31. B 36. C
2. A 7. B 12. D 17. A 22. C 27. C 32. C 37. A
3. C 8. C 13. A 18. A 23. D 28. A 33. B 38. C
4. D 9. C 14. B 19. C 24. D 29. A 34. C 39. A
5. D 10. D 15. D 20. D 25. D 30. C 35. C 40. C

PAPER 2: SECTION A

Qn ANSWER MARKS
A1 (a) A or D 1 (any one ans)
(b) B 1
(c) C 1
(d) E 1
A2 (a) Copper, X , magnesium 1
(b) Zinc or iron 1
(c) Reddish brown solid formed 1 (any one
Blue solution turned colourless answer)
(d) X gains oxygen to form XO so it is oxidized 1
H2O loses oxygen to form H2 so it is reduced 1
Since oxidation and reduction has taken place, this is a
redox reaction
OR
X is oxidized to XO because the oxidation state of X
increases from 0 in X to +2 in XO. H2O is reduced to H2
because the oxidation state of H has decreased from
+1 in H2O to 0 in H2
Gain and loss of electrons not accepted for H2O
because it is a covalent compound
A3 (a)
2m for correct
+ structure
H - Deduct ½
Naa if no symbols
if charge is 1+/1-

(b) Sodium hydride can conduct electricity in the 1

aqueous and molten state but not in the solid state
In the solid state, the ions are held in fixed positions 1
by strong electrostatic forces of attraction and
cannot move but in the aqueous or molten state, the
electrostatic forces are broken and the ions are free 1
to move.
(c) NaH (s) + H2O (l) → NaOH (aq) + H2 (g) 1m for eqn
1m for state
symbols
(d) Universal Indicator changes from green to blue/purple 1

A4
(a) X Y Z
Appearance Shiny Silvery Yellow ½ m each
of element black solid solid
solid
Formula of XO2 YO ZO3
oxide

Oxidation
number of +4 +2 +6
the element
in the oxide
Group IV II VI

Group 2/4/6 not accepted

(b) YO is likely to be basic. 1

Y is a silvery solid so it is likely to be a metal hence 1
YO is a metal oxide and is basic
OR
Y is in Group II and all Group II elements are metals
hence YO is likely to be a metal oxide
A5 (a) C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O 1
(b) Mass of ethanol burnt = 85.3 – 84.8 1
= 0.5g Deduct ½ m if no
statements
(c) Amount of heat produced = 200 × 4.2 × 12 1
= 10080 J
(d) No of moles of ethanol burnt = 0.5 ÷ 46 1
= 0.0109 mols Deduct ½ m if no
 3 sig fig or units
(e) Energy given out to burn 1 mole of ethanol 1
= 10.08 ÷ 0.0109
= 925 kJ/mol
(f) Some of the heat energy is lost to the surroundings 1
A6 (a) A weak tribasic acid when dissolved in water 1
dissociates/ionises partially to form 3 moles of 1
hydrogen ions per mole of acid.
(b) The pH of the acid is about 3 1
(c) Cresol red 1
(di) No of moles of sodium hydroxide = 20.0/1000 × 0.300 ½
= 0.00600 mol
No of moles of citric acid = 0.00600 ÷ 3 ½
= 0.00200 mol
Concentration of citric acid = 0.00200/20.0 × 1000 1
= 0.100 mol/dm3

(dii) Concentration of citric acid in g/dm3 = 9.6/500 × 1000 1

= 19.2g/dm3

(diii) Relative molecular mass of citric acid = 19.2/0.100 1

= 192

A7 (a) A: Copper (II) carbonate CuCO3 1 each

B: Copper (II) oxide CuO
C: carbon dioxide CO2
D: Copper (II) chloride CuCl2
E: copper Cu
F: chlorine gas Cl2
(b) CuCO3 → CuO + CO2 1

(c) Cathode: Cu2+ (aq) +2e → Cu (s) ½,½

Anode: 2Cl- (aq) → Cl2 (g) + 2e ½,½
A8 (a) 1
Polymer:
H Cl H Cl
| | | |
– C–C– C–C–
| | | |
H H H H

Monomer
F F 1
| |
C=C
| |
F F
(b) Addition polymerisation 1
NOTE:
Additional polymerisation not accepted
(c) When burnt, incomplete combustion of the polymers 1
produces carbon monoxide and can cause air
pollution 1
When buried in landfills, the non-biodegradable
polymers do not decompose and can cause land
pollution

SECTION B
B9 (a) Oxygen 1
(b) Gold and silver are unreactive metals 1
(c) Although aluminium is more abundant than iron, it costs 1
more to produce aluminium.
This is because production of aluminium requires 1
electrolysis which is a very expensive process however,
the production of iron involves reduction with coke which
is a cheaper process.

NOTE: Reason must show comparison between iron and

aluminium
(d) Both copper and tin are scarce so the cost of 1
production is higher.
(e) Oil, gas and coal are finite and will be used up in time. 1
Burning oil, gas and coal produces carbon dioxide which 1
contributes to global warming
(f) Hydrogen 1
Advantage: No pollution 1
Disadvantage: In gaseous state which makes it difficult to 1
store.

Ethanol (biomass):
Advantage: Renewable
Disadvantage: produces carbon dioxide which leads to
global warming

Accept any other alternative sources

B10 Negative electrode: Zn (s) → Zn2+ (aq) + 2e 1m eqn, 1m ss
(ai) Positive electrode: Cu2+ (aq) + 2e → Cu (s) 1m eqn, 1m ss
Overall eqn: Zn (s) + Cu2+ (aq) → Zn2+ (aq) + Cu (s) ½,½
(aii) Solution turned from blue to colourless/ blue solution 1
fades/Blue solution gets lighter
(aiii) Change the Zn electrode to more a more reactive metal 1
like magnesium OR
 Change Cu electrode to a less reactive metal like silver.
(Do not accept metals like Na, K and Ca as they are too
reactive)
(b) 1m for labelled
electrodes

1m for correct
electrolyte

1m for labeling
object

B11(a) EITHER

(b) CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

(c) Carbon dioxide. 1
Bubble the gas into limewater. If white precipitate forms 1,1
then carbon dioxide is present
(d) See part (a) answer 1,1,1
(e) When sulphuric acid is used, calcium sulphate is formed 1
which is insoluble. It will form a layer around the calcium
carbonate and prevent further reaction
OR
(ai)
C H 1m for working
% composition 86% 14%
No of moles 86/12 14/1
= 7.17 mol = 14
÷ by smallest 7.17/7.17 14/7.17
=1 = 1.95
Ratio 1 2
Empirical formula = CH2
1
(aii) M: propene 1
N: propanol 1
O: propanoic acid 1
(aiii) Warm with concentrated sulphuric acid ½,½
C3H7OH + C2H5COOH → C2H5COOC3H7 + H2O 1
(bi) Amide linkage 1
(bii) 1,1