Purpose To create a double color flower Required materials 1. White flower with stem and leaves 2.

2 Glass tumblers 3. Blade to slit the flower stem . Red d!e "water soluble# $. Water %stimated %&periment Time 'ppro&imatel! 1( minutes to set up the apparatus and $)12 hours to carr! out the observations

*tep)B!)*tep Procedure 1. +ill two ,lasses with water. 2. -i& red d!e in one of the tumblers. 3. *plit the stem of the white flower. . Place one half of the stem in one ,lass and the other in the ,lass containin, the d!ed liquid. $. .eave the set)up undisturbed for a few hours. /ote 'fter a few hours one half of the flower chan,es its ori,inal color.

0bservation The liquid rises throu,h sap tubes "narrow columns# that produce the required capillar! force. 1apillar! action carries water from the bea2ers to the petals of the white flower causin, it to chan,e color. 3t is the same phenomenon that causes water to move up plants and trees4 throu,h the roots4 trun2 or stem4 and then into the flowers and leaves.

urpose
To demonstrate how the acidic properties of lemons can be used to make lemon juice act as an invisible ink.

Additional information
Lemon's are primarily used for culinary purposes and are cultivated from wild plants. Their high citric acid level, which is about 5% of it's dry weight, gives lemons a tart taste and also makes them prime candidates for use in various educational science e periments. !eyond it's use in fun and e citing science projects, citric acid has many other applied uses including biotechnology and cleaning solutions.

Sponsored Links Required materials

"resh whole lemons or concentrated lemon juice #$%T lemonade& 'mall bowl (hite paper 'mall detail paintbrush with fine bristles Light bulb, sunshine, or other heat source

Estimated Experiment Time

)bout *+ to ,+ minutes

Step-By-Step Procedure 1. -f you're using whole lemons, cut the lemons in half and s.uee/e their juice into your
small bowl. -f you're using concentrated lemon juice, pour a small portion into your bowl. . 0lace your brush into the bowl so the bristles are covered with lemon juice #your 1ink1&.

!. (rite or draw something on your white paper with the 1ink1 from the paintbrush. 2ou may need to re3coat your paintbrush several times to complete your message or picture. ". )llow several minutes for the paper to dry. %nce dry, you'll have what looks like a blank sheet of paper. #. (hen you're ready to reveal your hidden message or picture, hold your paper up to a heat source #for e ample, an e posed light bulb from a lamp that gives off heat&. $. )fter a short time being e posed to the heat, your message or picture will beginning to take form as it darkens to a pale brown color, revealing what it is4 %ote
!e 5672 careful when holding your paper up to a heat source or light bulb4 The heat emanating from the heat source may be strong enough to ignite the paper. 8ake sure you have an adult around to help supervise the revealing of the invisible message 9 picture to ensure safety.

&'ser(ation
:an you think of another way you could get the invisible ink to reveal the message or picture without using a heat source; <ere's a hint... try using salt and wa crayons4 <ow about using another li.uid as your invisible ink; :an you think of any others that would make worthy

substitutes; (hat would happen if you used a different style brush; (hat if you didn't have a brush, can you think of an alternative to paint your picture or write your message;

Result
Lemons are naturally high in acid. (hen the acidic lemon juice is applied to the paper, it weakens the paper material. (hen the paper is heated, the remaining acid on paper turns brown, revealing the hidden message or picture.