Pletion

10 Sentence Completion, ver 1.3, hgycap@hotmail.
com
Test 1, Section 1 1. A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to ___ learning instead of being merely ___ of knowledge. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) shore up ... reservoirs accede to ... consumers participate in ... recipients compensate for ... custodians profit from ... beneficiaries
A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to participate in learning instead of being merely recipients of knowledge. () () . (A) (B) shore , accede /; (, ) 1. to give one's consent, often at the insistence of another; concede 2. to arrive at or come into an office or dignity 3. to become a party to an agreement or treaty (C) (D) 2. recipient functioning as a receiver; receptive custodian , (keeper, caretaker); , (janitor)
The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the ___ in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) relationship species sequence patterns environment
The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the environment in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture. () : . 3. One theory about intelligence sees ___ as the logical structure underlying thinking and insists that since animals are mute, they must be ___ as well. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) behavior ... inactive instinct ... cooperative heredity ... thoughtful adaptation ... brutal language ... mindless
One theory about intelligence sees language as the logical structure underlying thinking and insists that since animals are mute, they must be mindless as well. () , ( ) .
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10 Sentence Completion, ver 1.3, hgycap@hotmail.com
(D)
brutal , ; , 1. extremely ruthless or cruel 2. crude or unfeeling in manner or speech 3. harsh; unrelenting 4. disagreeably precise or penetrating
4.
Though ___ in her personal life, Edna St. Vincent Millay was nonetheless ___ about her work, usually producing several pages of complicated rhyme in a day. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) jaded ... feckless verbose ... ascetic vain ... humble impulsive ... disciplined self-assured ... sanguine
Though impulsive in her personal life, Edna St. Vincent Millay was nonetheless disciplined about her work, usually producing several pages of complicated rhyme in a day. Edna St. Vincent Millay, (), (), . rhyme , () (A) feckless , , 1. lacking purpose or vitality; feeble or ineffective 2. careless and irresponsible (E) sanguine ; 1. a. of the color of blood; red b. of a healthy, reddish color 2. cheerfully confident; optimistic 5. The children's ___ natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) mercurial blithe phlegmatic introverted artless
The children's mercurial natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents. () . (B) blithe , ; , 1. carefree and lighthearted 2. lacking or showing a lack of due concern; casual (C) phlegmatic , having or suggesting a calm, sluggish temperament; unemotional
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6.
By ___ scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have ___ their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) undermining ... diminished equating ... enlarged vitiating ... expanded identifying ... limited imbuing ... broadened
By identifying scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have limited their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods. [] (identify, ), () . rigor , ; , (C) vitiate , 1. to reduce the value or impair the quality of 2. to corrupt morally; debase 3. to make ineffective; invalidate (D) identify 1. to establish the identity of 2. to ascertain the origin, nature, or definitive characteristics of 3. to consider as identical or united; equate 4. to associate or affiliate (oneself) closely with a person or group 7. As early as the seventeenth century, philosophers called attention to the ___ character of the issue, and their twentieth-century counterparts still approach it with ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) absorbing ... indifference unusual ... composure complex ... antipathy auspicious ... caution problematic ... uneasiness
As early as the seventeenth century, philosophers called attention to the problematic character of the issue, and their twentieth-century counterparts still approach it with uneasiness. 17 , () , 20 () . counterpart 1. a. one that closely resembles another b. one that has the same functions and characteristics as another; an opposite number 2. a copy or duplicate of a legal paper 3. a. one of two parts that fit and complete each other b. one that servers as a complement (D) auspicious , ; 1. attended by favorable circumstances; propitious 2. marked by success; prosperous (E) problematic 1. posing a problem; difficult to solve 2. open to doubt; debatable
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3. not settled; unresolved or dubious uneasiness 1. lacking a sense of security; anxious or apprehensive 2. affording no ease or reassurance 3. a. awkward or unsure in manner; constrained b. causing constraint or awkwardness 4. not conducive to rest Test 1, Section 4 1. Since most if not all learning occurs through ___ , relating one observation to another, it would be strange indeed if the study of other cultures did not also illuminate the study of our own. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) assumptions experiments comparisons repetitions impressions
Since most if not all learning occurs through comparisons, relating one observation to another, it would be strange indeed if the study of other cultures did not also illuminate the study of our own. () , , . 2. The new ___ of knowledge has created ___ people: everyone believes that his or her subject cannot and possibly should not be understood by others. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) specialization ... barriers between decline ... associations among redundancy ... complacency in disrepute ... concern for promulgation ... ignorance among
The new specialization of knowledge has created barriers between people: everyone believes that his or her subject cannot and possibly should not be understood by others. () ( ) : . (C) complacency ; 1. a feeling or contentment or self-satisfaction, especially when coupled with an unawareness of danger or trouble 2. an instance of contented self-satisfaction (D) (E) disrepute , damage to or loss or reputation promulgate ; ( ) / 1. to make known (a decree, for example) by public declaration; announce officially 2. to put (a law) into effect by formal public announcement
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3.
If a species of parasite is to survive, the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to ___ ; if the host species becomes ___ , so do its parasites. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) atrophy ... healthy reproduce ... extinct disappear ... widespread succumb ... nonviable mate ... infertile
If a species of parasite is to survive, the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to reproduce ; if the host species becomes extinct, so do its parasites. , () ; () . (A) (D) atrophy , succumb , ; 1. to submit to an overpowering force or yield to an overwhelming desire; give up or give in 2. to die 4. The author argues for serious treatment of such arts as crochet and needlework, finding in too many art historians a cultural blindness ___ to their ___ textiles as a medium in which women artists predominate. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) traceable ... prejudice against opposed ... distrust of referring ... need for reduced ... respect for corresponding ... expertise in
The author argues for serious treatment of such arts as crochet and needlework, finding in too many art historians a cultural blindness traceable to their prejudice against textiles as a medium in which women artists predominate. blindness ( ) () , . crochet <kroue i> 5. Those who fear the influence of television deliberately ___ its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) promote underplay excuse laud suspect
Those who fear the influence of television deliberately underplay its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated. TV TV () , TV .
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6.
Because the high seriousness of their narratives resulted in part from their metaphysics, Southern writers were praised for their ___ bent. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) technical discursive hedonistic philosophical scientific
Because the high seriousness of their narratives resulted in part from their metaphysics, Southern writers were praised for their philosophical bent. , () . metaphysics , ; (B) discursive , ; ( intuitive) 1. covering a wide field of subjects; rambling 2. proceeding to a conclusion through reason rather than intuition (C) 7. hedonism ,
Far from being ___ , Pat was always ___ to appear acquiescent. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) unctuous ... loath brazen ... reluctant ignoble ... concerned obsequious ... eager gregarious ... willing
Far from being unctuous, Pat was always loath to appear acquiescent. ( ) , Pat ( ). acquiesce to consent or comply passively or without protest (A) unctuous 1. characterized by affected, exaggerated, or insincere earnestness 2. having the quality or characteristics of oil or ointment; slippery 3. containing or composed of oil or fat 4. abundant in organic materials; soft and rich loath , unwilling or reluctant; disinclined (D) obsequious full of or exhibiting servile compliance; fawning
Test 2, Section 2 1. Though ___ to some degree, telling a small lie sometimes enables one to avoid ___ another's feelings. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) necessary ... mollifying regrettable ... harming unfortunate ... exaggerating attractive ... considering difficult ... resisting
Though regrettable to some degree, telling a small lie sometimes enables one to avoid harming another's feelings.
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( ), () . 2. Perhaps because scientists have been so intrigued by dogs' superior senses of smell and hearing, researchers have long ___ their eyesight, assuming that they inhabit a drab, black-and-white world, devoid of color. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) studied coveted appreciated resented underestimated
Perhaps because scientists have been so intrigued by dogs' superior senses of smell and hearing, researchers have long underestimated their eyesight, assuming that they inhabit a drab, black-and-white world, devoid of color. , (). intrigue vi. , vt. / ; (, ) drab , (B) 3. covet <k vit> ( ) , ,
Despite a string of dismal earnings reports, the two-year-old strategy to return the company to profitability is beginning to ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) falter disappoint compete work circulate
Despite a string of dismal earnings reports, the two-year-old strategy to return the company to profitability is beginning to work. , 2 () . dismal <dzml> , ; ( ) ; ( ) ; , earnings , 1. salary or wages 2. a. business profits b. gains from investments (A) (C) falter ; , ; , ; () compete , ; , to strive with another or others to attain a goal, such as gaining an advantage or winning a victory
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4.
The President reached a decision only after lengthy ___ , painstakingly weighing the ___ opinions expressed by cabinet members. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) deliberation ... divergent confrontation ... unanimous relegation ... consistent speculation ... conciliatory canvassing ... arbitrary
The President reached a decision only after lengthy deliberation, painstakingly weighing the divergent opinions expressed by cabinet members. () () . (C) (D) relegation , , ; , speculation , ; , ; 1. a. contemplation or consideration of a subject; meditation b. a conclusion, an opinion, or a theory reached by conjecture c. reasoning based on inconclusive evidence; conjecture or supposition 2. a. engagement in risky business transactions on the chance of quick or considerable profit b. a commercial or financial transaction involving speculation (E) 5. canvass (, ) , , ; ;
Although just barely ___ as a writer of lucid prose, Jones was an extremely ___ editor who worked superbly with other writers in helping them improve the clarity of their writing. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) deficient ... muddling proficient ... contentious adequate ... capable appalling ... competent engaging ... inept
Although just barely adequate as a writer of lucid prose, Jones was an extremely capable editor who worked superbly with other writers in helping them improve the clarity of their writing. () , Jones () . barely , , ; ....; , superb , , ; ( ) , , , (A) (B) (D) deficient , ; (defective); contentious , (quarrelsome); ( ) appall , (terrify) to fill with consternation or dismay consternation a state of paralyzing dismay paralyze ; , , dismay a sudden or complete loss of courage in the face of trouble or danger (E) inept , ; ,
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6.
The accusations we bring against others should be ___ ourselves; they should not ___ complacency and easy judgments on our part concerning our own moral conduct. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) definitions of ... produce instructions to ... equate denigrations of ... exclude warnings to ... justify parodies of ... satirize
The accusations we bring against others should be warnings to ourselves; they should not justify complacency and easy judgments on our part concerning our own moral conduct. () ; () . complacent , 1. contented to a fault; self-satisfied and unconcerned 2. eager to please; complaisant complaisant , , , exhibiting a desire or willingness to please; cheerfully obliging obliging , ready to do favors for others; accommodating accommodating , ; , ; ( ) helpful and obliging (C) denigrate , , 1. to attack the character or reputation of; speak ill of; defame 2. to disparage; belittle (E) 7. satirize <s triz> ;
Although the meanings of words may necessarily be liable to change, it does not follow that the lexicographer is therefore unable to render spelling, in a great measure, ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) arbitrary superfluous interesting flexible constant
Although the meanings of words may necessarily be liable to change, it does not follow that the lexicographer is therefore unable to render spelling, in a great measure, constant. , () . necessarily , ; of necessity; inevitably lexicographer Test 2, Section 6
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1.
Some activists believe that because the health-care system has become increasingly ___ to those it serves, individuals must ___ bureaucratic impediments in order to develop and promote new therapies. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) attuned ... avoid inimical ... utilize unresponsive ... circumvent indifferent ... supplement sensitized ... forsake
Some activists believe that because the health-care system has become increasingly unresponsive to those it serves, individuals must circumvent bureaucratic impediments in order to develop and promote new therapies. , () , () . bureaucratic , ; impediment , ; , () (B) (C) inimical , ; , , unresponsive , ; circumvent , ; ( ) ; () ; ( ) 1. to surround (an enemy, for example); enclose or entrap 2. to go around; bypass 3. to avoid or get around by artful maneuvering C If someone circumvents a rule or restriction, they avoid having to obey the rule or restriction, in a clever and perhaps dishonest way. C If you circumvent someone, you cleverly prevent them from achieving something especially when they are trying to harm you. (D) (E) 2. supplement , sensitize
The acts of vandalism that these pranksters had actually ___ were insignificant compared with those they had ___ but had not attempted. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) hidden ... renounced advocated ... meditated inflicted ... dismissed committed ... effected perpetrated ... contemplated
The acts of vandalism that these pranksters had actually perpetrated were insignificant compared with those they had contemplated but had not attempted. () () . vandalism /; / ; prankster prank , , a mischievous trick or practical joke mischievous <mstivs> , ; ( ) , (E) perpetrate ( , ) , to be responsible for; commit
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contemplate , ; , .... (intend) 1. to look at attentively and thoughtfully 2. to consider carefully and at length; meditate on or ponder 3. to have in mind as an intention or possibility 3. Though one cannot say that Michelangelo was an impractical designer, he was, of all nonprofessional architects known, the most ___ in that he was the least constrained by tradition or precedent. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) pragmatic adventurous empirical skilled learned
Though one cannot say that Michelangelo was an impractical designer, he was, of all nonprofessional architects known, the most adventurous in that he was the least constrained by tradition or precedent. , () . 4. Before adapting to changes in values, many prefer to ___ , to ___ the universally agreed-on principles that have been upheld for centuries. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) innovate ... protect resist ... defend ponder ... subvert vacillate ... publicize revert ... ignore
Before adapting to changes in values, many prefer to resist, to defend the universally agree-on principles that have been upheld for centuries. , (), () . (C) ponder , subvert <sbv:rt> (, ) , ; (, ) , 1. to destroy completely; ruin 2. to undermine the character, morals, or allegiance of; corrupt 3. to overthrow completely allegiance ; , liege <li:d> , ; [the s] , (D) 5. vacillate , , ; (, ) ,
Although the records of colonial New England are ___ in comparison with those available in France or England, the records of other English colonies in America are even more ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) sporadic ... irrefutable sparse ... incontrovertible ambiguous ... authoritative sketchy ... fragmentary puzzling ... unquestionable
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Although the records of colonial New England are sketchy in comparison with those available in France or England, the records of other English colonies in America are even more fragmentary. (), (). (A) (B) 6. irrefutable <rifj:tbl> incontrovertible (indisputable),
High software prices are frequently said to ___ widespread illegal copying, although the opposite - that high prices are the cause of the copying - is equally plausible. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) contribute to result from correlate with explain precede
High software prices are frequently said to result from widespread illegal copying, although the opposite that high prices are the cause of the copying - is equally plausible. () ; , . 7. Because early United States writers thought that the mark of great literature was grandiosity and elegance not to be found in common speech, they ___ the vernacular. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) dissected avoided misunderstood investigated exploited
Because early United States writers thought that the mark of great literature was grandiosity and elegance not to be found in common speech, they avoided the vernacular. , [ ] (). vernacular , (); , ; / , ; , 1. the standard native language of a country or locality 2. the everyday language spoken by a people as distinguished from the literary language 3. the idiom of a particular trade or profession 4. an idiomatic word, phrase, or expression 5. the common, nonscientific name of a plant or an animal (A) dissect , ; /
Test 3, Section 3
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1.
It is assumed that scientists will avoid making ___ claims about the results of their experiments because of the likelihood that they will be exposed when other researchers cannot ___ their findings. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) hypothetical ... evaluate fraudulent ... duplicate verifiable ... contradict radical ... contest extravagant ... dispute
It is assumed that scientists will avoid making fraudulent claims about the results of their experiments because of the likelihood that they will be exposed when other researchers cannot duplicate their findings. () , () . (D) radical ; ; , 1. arising from or going to a root or source; basic 2. departing markedly from the usual or customary; extreme 3. favoring or effecting fundamental or revolutionary changes in current practices, conditions, or institutions 2. As long as the nuclear family is ___ a larger kinship group through contiguous residence on undivided land, the pressure to ___ and thus to get along with relatives is strong. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) nurtured among ... abstain excluded from ... compromise embedded in ... share scattered throughout ... reject accepted by ... lead
As long as the nuclear family is embedded in a larger kinship group through contiguous residence on undivided land, the pressure to share and thus to get along with relatives is strong. () , [] () . kinship , ; , 3. In contrast to the substantial muscular activity required for inhalation, exhalation is usually a ___ process. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) slow passive precise complex conscious
In contrast to the substantial muscular activity required for inhalation, exhalation is usually a passive process. , () . inhalation
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4.
The documentary film about high school life was so realistic and ___ that feelings of nostalgia flooded over the college-age audience. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) logical pitiful evocative critical clinical
The documentary film about high school life was so realistic and evocative that feelings of nostalgia flooded over the college-age audience. documentary film ( ) . (C) (E) 5. evocative , tending or having the power to evoke clinical , ; , very objective and devoid of emotion; analytical
Although Georgia O'Keeffe is best known for her affinity with the desert landscape, her paintings of urban subjects ___ her longtime residency in New York City. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) condemn obfuscate attest to conflict with contend with
Although Georgia O'Keeffe is best known for her affinity with the desert landscape, her paintings of urban subjects attest to her longtime residency in New York City. Georgia O'Keeffe , (). (B) obfuscate , ; 1. to make so confused or opaque as to be difficult to perceive or understand 2. to render indistinct or dim; darken (C) attest /; , 1. to affirm to be correct, true, or genuine 2. a. to certify by signature or oath b. to certify in an official capacity 3. to supply or be evidence of 4. to put under oath 6. Even though the survey was designated as an inter-disciplinary course, it involved no real ___ of subject matter. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) encapsulation organization synthesis discussion verification
Even though the survey was designated as an inter-disciplinary course, it involved no real synthesis of subject matter. , () .
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7.
The failure of many psychotherapists to ___ the results of pioneering research could be due in part to the specialized nature of such findings: even ___ findings may not be useful. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) understand ... baffling envision ... accessible utilize ... momentous reproduce ... duplicated affirm ... controversial
The failure of many psychotherapists to utilize the results of pioneering research could be due in part to the specialized nature of such findings: even momentous findings may not be useful. () : () . psychotherapy , (A) baffle ; () 1. to frustrate or check (a person) as by confusing or perplexing 2. to impede the force or movement of (B) (C) envision , to picture in the mind; imagine momentous of utmost importance; of outstanding significance or consequence
Test 3, Section 7 1. In the nineteenth century, novelists and unsympathetic travelers portrayed the American West as a land of ___ adversity, whereas promoters and idealists created ___ image of a land of infinite promise. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) lurid ... a mundane incredible ... an underplayed dispiriting ... an identical intriguing ... a luxuriant unremitting ... a compelling
In the nineteenth century, novelists and unsympathetic travelers portrayed the American West as a land of unremitting adversity, whereas promoters and idealists created a compelling image of a land of infinite promise. 19 , () , promoter () . unremitting (A) lurid <ljrid> , ; 1. causing shock or horror; gruesome 2. marked by sensationalism 3. glowing or shining with the glare of fire through a haze mundane ; , ; , (E) unremitting , never slackening; persistent compelling , ; 1. urgently requiring attention 2. drivingly forceful
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2.
Honeybees tend to be more ___ than earth bees: the former, unlike the latter, search for food together and signal their individual findings to one another. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) insular aggressive differentiated mobile social
Honeybees tend to be more social than earth bees: the former, unlike the latter, search for food together and signal their individual findings to one another. earth bee (): . (A) 3. insular ; , ,
Joe spoke of superfluous and ___ matters with exactly the same degree of intensity, as though for him serious issues mattered neither more nor less than did ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) vital ... trivialities redundant ... superficialities important ... necessities impractical ... outcomes humdrum ... essentials
Joe spoke of superfluous and vital matters with exactly the same degree of intensity, as though for him serious issues mattered neither more nor less than did trivialities. Joe () () . (E) 4. humdrum , lacking variety or excitement; dull
The value of Davis' sociological research is compromised by his unscrupulous tendency to use materials ___ in order to substantiate his own claims, while ___ information that points to other possible conclusions. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) haphazardly ... deploying selectively ... disregarding cleverly ... weighing modestly ... refuting arbitrarily ... emphasizing
The value of Davis' sociological research is compromised by his unscrupulous tendency to use materials selectively in order to substantiate his own claims, while disregarding information that points to other possible conclusions. Davis () () . compromise 1. to settle by concessions / 2. to expose or make liable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute , scrupulous , ; , (D) refute
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1. to prove to be false or erroneous; overthrow by argument or proof 2. to deny the accuracy or truth of / 5. Once Renaissance painters discovered how to ___ volume and depth, they were able to replace the medieval convention of symbolic, two-dimensional space with the more ___ illusion of actual space. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) reverse ... conventional portray ... abstract deny ... concrete adumbrate ... fragmented render ... realistic
Once Renaissance painters discovered how to render volume and depth, they were able to replace the medieval convention of symbolic, two-dimensional space with the more realistic illusion of actual space. () , 2 () . (D) adumbrate , ; () , 1. to give a sketchy outline of 2. to prefigure indistinctly; foreshadow 3. o disclose partially or guardedly 6. He had expected gratitude for his disclosure, but instead he encountered ___ bordering on hostility. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) patience discretion openness ineptitude indifference
He had expected gratitude for his disclosure, but instead he encountered indifference bordering on hostility. , () . (B) discretion 1. the quality of being discreet; circumspection , 2. ability or power to decide responsibly 3. freedom to act or judge on one's own / (D) inept 1. not apt or fitting; inappropriate 2. a. displaying a lack of judgment, sense, or reason; foolish b. bungling or clumsy; incompetent 7. The diplomat, selected for her demonstrated patience and skill in conducting such delicate negotiations, ___ to make a decision during the talks because any sudden commitment at that time would have been ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) resolved ... detrimental refused ... apropos declined ... inopportune struggled ... unconscionable hesitated ... warranted
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The diplomat, selected for her demonstrated patience and skill in conducting such delicate negotiations, declined to make a decision during the talks because any sudden commitment at that time would have been inopportune. (), () . diplomat (A) (B) (C) detrimental causing damage or harm; injurious apropos < prpu> , being at once opportune and to the point inopportune <inprtj:n> , inappropriate or ill-timed; not opportune opportune 1. suited or right for a particular purpose 2. occurring at a fitting or advantageous tim (D) conscionable , 1. acceptable or permissible according to conscience 2. conscientious; principled conscientious 1. guided by or in accordance with the dictates of conscience; principled 2. thorough and assiduous , (E) warrant , ; , ; ,
Test 4, Section 1 1. Because the monkeys under study are ___ the presence of human beings, they typically ___ human observers and go about their business (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) ambivalent about ... welcome habituated to ... disregard pleased with ... snub inhibited by ... seek unaware of ... avoid
Because the monkeys under study are habituated to the presence of human beings, they typically disregard human observers and go about their business. () , () . Go about your business! ; (B) habituate to accustom by frequent repetition or prolonged exposure be habituated to (C) snub , , ; ( ) ; 1. to ignore or behave coldly toward; slight 2. to dismiss, turn down, or frustrate the expectations of 3. to stub out (a cigarette, for example)
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2.
Given her previously expressed interest and the ambitious tone of her recent speeches, the senator's attempt to convince the public that she is not interested in running for a second term is ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) laudable likely authentic futile sincere
Given her previously expressed interest and the ambitious tone of her recent speeches, the senator's attempt to convince the public that she is not interested in running for a second term is futile. , term () . senator <sntr> (A) (C) 3. laudable , authentic , , (reliable); , (genuine)
Many of her followers remain ___ to her, and even those who have rejected her leadership are unconvinced of the ___ of replacing her during the current turmoil. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) opposed ... urgency friendly ... harm loyal ... wisdom cool ... usefulness sympathetic ... disadvantage
Many of her followers remain loyal to her, and even those who have rejected her leadership are unconvinced of the wisdom of replacing her during the current turmoil. ( ) , () . unconvinced , 4. Unlike many recent interpretations of Beethoven's piano sonatas, the recitalist's performance was a delightfully free and introspective one; nevertheless, it was also, seemingly paradoxically, quite ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) appealing exuberant idiosyncratic unskilled controlled
Unlike many recent interpretations of Beethoven's piano sonatas, the recitalist's performance was a delightfully free and introspective one; nevertheless, it was also, seemingly paradoxically, quite controlled. ; , () . (B) exuberant (abundant); , (luxuriant); , (overflowing); ( ) ; () 1. full of unrestrained enthusiasm or joy 2. lavish; extravagant 3. extreme in degree, size, or extent
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4. growing, producing, or produced abundantly; plentiful (C) 5. idiosyncratic ( ) (peculiar); ,
Species with relatively ___ metabolic rates, including hibernators, generally live longer than those whose metabolic rates are more rapid. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) prolific sedentary sluggish measured restive
Species with relatively sluggish metabolic rates, including hibernators, generally live longer than those whose metabolic rate are rapid. () . hibernate ; (), (A) (B) (C) prolific , ; () ; , sedentary <sdntri> , ; sluggish , ; , ; , 1. displaying little movement or activity; slow; inactive 2. lacking alertness, vigor, or energy; inert or indolent 3. slow to perform or respond to stimulation (E) restive ( ) ; , ; , 1. uneasily impatient under restriction, opposition, criticism, or delay 2. resisting control; difficult to control 3. refusing to move. used of a horse or other animal 6. Belying his earlier reputation for ___ as a negotiator, Morgan had recently assumed a more ___ stance for which many of his erstwhile critics praised him. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) intransigence ... conciliatory impropriety ... intolerant inflexibility ... unreasonable success ... authoritative incompetence ... combative
Belying his earlier reputation for intransigence as a negotiator, Morgan had recently assumed a more conciliatory stance for which many of his erstwhile critics praised him. () , Morgan () . belie ( ) ; (, ) , ; .... erstwhile <:rsthwil> , in the past; at a former time; formerly (A) (E) intransigence () (uncompromising) conciliatory , incompetence, incompetency , ,
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7.
Although Irish literature continued to flourish after the sixteenth century, a ___ tradition is ___ in the visual arts: we think about Irish culture in terms of the word, not in terms of pictorial images. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) rich ... superfluous lively ... found comparable ... absent forgotten ... apparent lost ... extant
Although Irish literature continued to flourish after the sixteenth century, a comparable tradition is absent in the visual arts: we think about Irish culture in terms of the word, not in terms of pictorial images. 16 , () (): [, ] . (E) extant <kstnt> ,
Test 4, Section 4 1. Although sales have continued to increase since last April, unfortunately the rate of increase has ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) resurged capitulated retaliated persevered decelerated
Although sales have continued to increase since last April, unfortunately the rate of increase has decelerated. 4 , ( ). (A) (B) resurge , / capitulate () , 1. to surrender under specified conditions; come to terms 2. to give up all resistance; acquiesce acquiesce () , , to consent or comply passively or without protest (C) (D) retaliate , , to return like for like, especially evil for evil persevere , , to persist in or remain constant to a purpose, an idea, or a task in the face of obstacles or discouragement 2. Although the mental process that creates a fresh and original poem or drama is doubtless ___ that which originates and elaborates scientific discoveries, there is clearly a discernible difference between the creators (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) peripheral to contiguous with opposed to analogous to inconsistent with
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Although the mental process that creates a fresh and original poem or drama is doubtless analogous to that which originates and elaborates scientific discoveries, there is clearly a discernible difference between the creator. (), . (A) (B) peripheral , ; contiguous , ; ( ) 1. sharing an edge or boundary; touching 2. neighboring; adjacent 3. a. connecting without a break b. connected in time; uninterrupted 3. It is disappointing to note that the latest edition of the bibliography belies its long-standing reputation for ___ by ___ some significant references to recent publications. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) imprecision ... appropriating relevance ... adding timeliness ... updating meticulousness ... revising exhaustiveness ... omitting
It is disappointing to note that the latest edition of the bibliography belies its long-standing reputation for exhaustiveness by omitting some significant references to recent publications. (/) () . bibliography ; / (B) (D) 4. relevance , ; () meticulous , , (overscrupulous); ,
Although Simpson was ingenious at ___ to appear innovative and spontaneous, beneath the rule he remained uninspired and rigid in his approach to problem-solving. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) intending contriving forbearing declining deserving
Although Simpson was ingenious at contriving to appear innovative and spontaneous, beneath the rule he remained uninspired and rigid in his approach to problem-solving. Simpson () , . (A) intend .... ; , ...., .... ; , 1. to have in mind; plan 2. a. to design for a specific purpose b. to have in mind for a particular use 3. to signify or mean (B) contrive , ; , ( ) ; .... 1. to plan with cleverness or ingenuity; devise 2. to invent or fabricate, especially by improvisation 3. to plan with evil intend; scheme
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4. to bring about, as by scheming; manage (C) 5. forbear , ,
She was criticized by her fellow lawyers not because she was not ___ , but because she so ___ prepared her cases that she failed to bring the expected number to trial. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) well versed ... knowledgeably well trained ... enthusiastically congenial ... rapidly hardworking ... minutely astute ... efficiently
She was criticized by her fellow lawyers not because she was not hardworking, but because she so minutely prepared her cases that she failed to bring the expected number to trial. () , ( ) . (A) (C) (E) 6. verse /; .... , .... knowledgeable , , congenial , , ; (, ) astute , , ;
Schlesinger has recently assumed a conciliatory attitude that is not ___ by his colleagues, who continue to ___ compromise. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) eschewed ... dread shared ... defend questioned ... reject understood ... advocate commended ... disparage
Schlesinger has recently assumed a conciliatory attitude that is not commended by his colleagues who continue to disparage compromise. Schlesinger () () . (A) (E) eschew <istw:> ( ) (avoid), (abstain from) dread , , ; commend , ; , ; , 1. to represent as worthy, qualified, or desirable; recommend 2. to express approval of; praise 3. to commit to the care of another; entrust disparage , ; , 1. to speak of in a slighting way; belittle 2. to reduce in esteem or rank
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7.
The National Archives contain information so ___ that researchers have been known never to publish because they cannot bear to bring their studies to an end. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) divisive seductive selective repetitive resourceful
The National Archives contain information so seductive that researchers have been known never to publish because they cannot bear to bring their studies to an end. ( ) . (A) (B) divisive ; , creating dissension or discord seductive (enticing), , (attractive) seduce , ; ; , 1. to lead away from duty, accepted principles, or proper conduct 2. to induce to engage in sex 3. a. to entice or beguile into a desired state or position b. to win over; attract (E) resourceful , , ;
Test 5, Section 1 1. We first became aware that her support for the new program was less than ___ when she declined to make a speech in its favor. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) qualified haphazard fleeting unwarranted wholehearted
We first became aware that her support for the new program was less than wholehearted when she declined to make a speech in its favor. () . (B) (C) (D) 2. haphazard fleeting , , (transient) unwarranted ; , (unauthorized)
When a person suddenly loses consciousness, a bystander is not expected to ___ the problem but to attempt to ___ its effects by starting vital functions if they are absent. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) cure ... precipitate minimize ... predict determine ... detect diagnose ... counter magnify ... evaluate
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When a person suddenly loss consciousness, a bystander is not expected to diagnose the problem but to attempt to counter its effects by starting vital functions if they are absent. , [ ] () <vital function> [ ] () . (A) (D) precipitate , ; , , ; ( ) , diagnose <dignus> [ .] counter , , ; , 3. The remark was only slightly ___ , inviting a chuckle, perhaps, but certainly not a ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) audible ... reward hostile ... shrug amusing ... rebuke coherent ... reaction humorous ... guffaw
The remark was only slightly humorous, inviting a chuckle, perhaps, but certainly not a guffaw. () ; ( ) . chuckle , ; 1. to laugh quietly or to oneself 2. to cluck or chuck, as a hen cluck () ; () , (, ) chuck () , () ; () (B) (C) (D) (E) shrug rebuke , coherent , ; (, ) guffaw <gf > a hearty, boisterous burst of laughter 4. Doors were closing on our past, and soon the values we had lived by would become so obsolete that we would seem to people of the new age as ___ as travelers from an ancient land. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) elegant ambitious interesting comfortable quaint
Doors were closing on our past, and soon the values we had lived by would become so obsolete that we would seem to people of the new age as quaint as travelers from an ancient land. , () . (E) quaint ; , (odd) 1. odd, especially in an old-fashioned way 2. unfamiliar or unusual in character; strange
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5.
Ability to ___ is the test of the perceptive historian, a history, after all, consists not only of what the historian has included, but also, in some sense, of what has been left out. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) defer select confer devise reflect
Ability to select is the test of the perceptive historian: a history, after all, consists not only of what the historian has included, but also, in some sense, of what has been left out. () : . perceptive , ; 1. of or relating to perception 2. a. having the ability to perceive; keen in discernment b. marked by discernment and understanding; sensitive 6. Some artists immodestly idealize or exaggerate the significance of their work; yet others, ___ to exalt the role of the artist, reject a transcendent view of art. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) appearing disdaining seeking failing tending
Some artists immodestly idealize or exaggerate the significance of their work; yet others, disdaining to exalt the role of the artist, reject a transcendent view of art. ; (). immodest ( , ) , ; , , transcendent , , ; , 1. surpassing others; preeminent or supreme 2. lying beyond the ordinary range of perception 3. (Philosophy) a. transcending the Aristotelian categories b. in Kant's theory of knowledge, being beyond the limits of experience and hence unknowable 4. being above and independent of the material universe. used of the Deity deity <d:ti> , , ; exalt , , , / (ennoble); /(extol) 1. to raise in rank, character, or status; elevate 2. to glorify, praise, or honor 3. to increase the effect or intensity of; heighten (B) disdain (look down on); .... 1. to regard or treat with haughty contempt; despise 2. to consider or reject as beneath oneself
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7.
Estimating the risks of radiation escaping from a nuclear power plant is ___ question, but one whose answer then becomes part of a value-laden, emotionally charged policy debate about whether to construct such a plant. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) an incomprehensible an undefined an irresponsible a divisive a technical
Estimating the risks of radiation escaping from a nuclear power plant is a technical question, but one whose answer then becomes part of a value-laden, emotionally charged policy debate about whether to construct such a plant. () , . laden , ; , ; .... 1. weighed down with a load; heavy 2. oppressed; burdened (D) divisive /; ; creating dissension or discord Test 5, Section 5 1. Because modern scientists find the ancient Greek view of the cosmos outdated and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of ___ interest. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) historical intrinsic astronomical experimental superfluous
Because modern scientists find the ancient Greek view of the cosmos outdated and irrelevant, they now perceive it as only of historical interest. , () . (B) 2. intrinsic , (inherent, opp. extrinsic)
Religious philosopher that he was, Henry More derived his conception of an infinite universe from the Infinite God in whom he believed, a benevolent God of ___ whose nature was to create ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) plenitude ... abundance vengeance ... justice indifference ... suffering indulgence ... temperance rectitude ... havoc
Religious philosopher that he was, Henry More derived his conception of an infinite universe from the Infinite God in whom he believed, a benevolent God of plenitude whose nature was to create abundance. , Henry More Infinite God,
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() () . (A) plenitude , ; , 1. an ample amount or quantity; an abundance 2. the condition of being full, ample, or complete (B) (E) vengeance , rectitude , ; havoc <h vk> (, ) , ; , (devastation) 3. While some argue that imposing tolls on highway users circumvents the need to raise public taxes for road maintenance, the phenomenal expense of maintaining a vast network of roads ___ reliance on these general taxes. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) avoids diminishes necessitates discourages ameliorates
While some argue that imposing tolls on highway users circumvents the need to raise public taxes for road maintenance, the phenomenal expense of maintaining a vast network of roads necessitates reliance on these general taxes. , ( ). toll , ; , circumvent ; , ; () ; ( ) 1. to surround (an enemy, for example); enclose or entrap 2. to go around; bypass 3. to avoid or get around by artful maneuvering (E) 4. ameliorate , (improve, opp. deteriorate)
Although they were not direct ___ , the new arts of the Classical period were clearly created in the spirit of older Roman models and thus ___ many features of the older style. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) impressions ... introduced translations ... accentuated copies ... maintained masterpieces ... depicted borrowings ... improvised
Although they were not direct copies, the new arts of the Classical period were clearly created in the spirit of older Roman models and thus maintained many features of the older style. () , () . (B) accentuate , ; (, ) ,
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5.
In spite of the increasing ___ of their opinions, the group knew they had to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) impartiality consistency judiciousness incisiveness polarity
In spite of the increasing polarity of their opinions, the group knew they had to arrive at a consensus so that the award could be presented. () , . (C) (D) 6. judicious , incisive , ; , ; ( ) ,
By forcing our surrender to the authority of the clock, systematic timekeeping has imposed a form of ___ on society. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) anarchy permanence provincialism tyranny autonomy
By forcing our surrender to the authority of the clock, systematic timekeeping has imposed a form of tyranny on society. , () . (A) (E) 7. anarchy (lawlessness); , (chaos) autonomy (), ; ()
Our high ___ vocabulary for street crime contrasts sharply with our ___ vocabulary for corporate crime, a fact that corresponds to the general public's unawareness of the extent of corporate crime. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) nuanced ... subtle uninformative ... misleading euphemistic ... abstract differentiated ... limited technical ... jargon-laden
Our highly differentiated vocabulary for street crime contrasts sharply with our limited vocabulary for corporate crime, a fact that corresponds to the general public's unawareness of the extent of corporate crime. <street crime> () <corporate crime> () , <corporate crime> . (E) jargon , ; , ; (cant), , laden <lidn> , ; (....) , Test 6, Section 1
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1.
While scientists dismiss as fanciful the idea of sudden changes in a genetic code (spontaneous mutation), it is possible that nature, like some master musician, ___ on occasion, departing from the expected or predictable. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) repeats improvises ornaments corrects harmonizes
While scientists dismiss as fanciful the idea of sudden changes in a genetic code (spontaneous mutation), it is possible that nature, like some master musician, improvises on occasion, departing from the expected or predictable. , , () . (C) ornament 1. something that decorates or adorns; an embellishment 2. a person considered as a source of pride, honor, or credit 2. Despite the ___ of time, space, and history, human societies the world over have confronted the same existential problems and have come to remarkably ___ solutions, differing only in superficial details. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) continuity ... identical uniformity ... diverse actualities ... varied contingencies ... similar exigencies ... unique
Despite the contingencies of time, space, and history, human societies the world over have confronted the same existential problems and have come to remarkably similar solutions, differing only in superficial details. , , ( ) , () . (C) actuality , 1. the state or fact of being actual; reality often actualities. actual conditions or facts (D) contingency 1. a. an event that may occur but that is not likely or intended; a possibility b. a possibility that must be prepared for; a future emergency 2. the condition of being dependent on chance; uncertainty 3. something incidental to something else (E) exigency , ; , 1. the state or quality of requiring much effort or immediate action 2. a pressing or urgent situation 3. often exigencies. urgent requirements; pressing needs
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3.
Although he was known to be extremely ___ in his public behavior, scholars have discovered that his diaries were written with uncommon ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) reserved ... frankness polite ... tenderness modest ... lucidity reticent ... vagueness withdrawn ... subtlety
Although he was known to be extremely reserved in his public behavior, scholars have discovered that his diaries were written with uncommon frankness. ( ), () . 4. With the ___ of scientific knowledge, work on the new edition of a textbook begins soon after completion of the original. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) limitation culmination veneration certainty burgeoning
With the burgeoning of scientific knowledge, work on the new edition of a textbook begins soon after completion of the original. () , . (B) 5. culmination , ,
She is most frugal in matters of business, but in her private life she reveals a streak of ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) antipathy misanthropy virtuosity equanimity prodigality
She is most frugal in matters of business, but in her private life she reveals a streak of prodigality. () . (B) (D) 6. misanthropy <mis nrpi> hatred or mistrust of humankind equanimity , , the quality of being calm and even-tempered; composure
If the state government's latest budget problems were ___ , it would not be useful to employ them as ___ examples in the effort to avoid the inevitable effects of shortsighted fiscal planning in the future. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) typical ... representative exceptional ... aberrant anomalous ... illuminating predictable ... helpful solvable ... insignificant
If the state government's latest budget problems were anomalous, it would not be useful to employ them
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as illuminating examples in the effort to avoid the inevitable effects of shortsighted fiscal planning in the future. () , () . fiscal ; , (B) aberrant 1. deviating from the proper or expected course 2. deviating from what is normal; untrue to type (C) anomalous , ; , ; , 1. deviating from the normal or common order, form, or rule 2. equivocal, as in classification or nature 7. Just as some writers have ___ the capacity of language to express meaning, Giacometti ___ the failure of art to convey reality. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) scoffed at ... abjured demonstrated ... exemplified denied ... refuted proclaimed ... affirmed despaired of ... bewailed
Just as some writers have despaired of the capacity of language to express meaning, Giacometti bewailed the failure of art to convey reality. () , Giacometti (). (A) scoff ; to mock at or treat with derision to eat (food) quickly and greedily (E) bewail 1. to cry over; lament 2. to express sorrow or unhappiness over Test 6, Section 5 1. In spite of the fact that it is convenient to divide the life span of animals into separate stages such as prenatal, adolescent, and senescent, these periods are not really ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) advanced variable repeatable connected distinct
In spite of the fact that it is convenient to divide the life span of animals into separate stages such as prenatal, adolescent, and senescent, these periods are not really distinct. , , , () . prenatal <pr:ne itl> existing or occurring before birth
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2.
Although the number of reported volcanic eruptions has risen exponentially since 1850, this indicates not ___ volcanic activity but rather more widespread and ___ record keeping. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) abating ... detailed increasing ... systematic substantial ... erratic stable ... superficial consistent ... meticulous
Although the number of reported volcanic eruptions has risen exponentially since 1850, this indicates not increasing volcanic activity but rather more widespread and systematic record keeping. 1850 , () () . (E) meticulous 1. extremely careful and precise 2. extremely or excessively concerned with details 3. The challenge of interpreting fictional works written under politically repressive regimes lies in distinguishing what is ___ to an author's beliefs, as opposed to what is ___ by political coercion. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) innate ... understood organic ... imposed contradictory ... conveyed oblique ... captured peripheral ... demanded
The challenge of interpreting fictional works written under politically repressive regimes lies in distinguishing what is organic to an author's beliefs, as opposed to what is imposed by political coercion. () () . (B) organic 1. of, relating to, or affecting organs or an organ of the body 2. of, relating to, or derived from living organisms 3. a. using or produced with fertilizers of animal or vegetable matter, using no fertilizers or pesticides b. free from chemical injections or additives, such as antibiotics or hormones c. simple, healthful, and close to nature 4. a. having properties associated with living organisms b. resembling a living organism in organization or development; interconnected 5. constituting an integral part of a whole; fundamental 4. I am often impressed by my own ___ other people's idiocies: what is harder to ___ is that they, in their folly, are equally engaged in putting up with mine. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) analysis of ... justify forbearance toward ... underestimate exasperation with ... credit involvement in ... allow tolerance of ... appreciate
I am often impressed by my own tolerance of other people's idiocies: what is harder to appreciate is that
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they, in their folly, are equally engaged in putting up with mine. () : () . idiocy extreme folly or stupidity; a foolish or stupid utterance or deed (B) forbear , , 1. to refrain from; resist 2. to desist from; cease desist <dizst> to cease doing something; forbear (C) exasperate , 1. to make very angry or impatient; annoy greatly 2. to increase the gravity or intensity of 5. Despite vigorous protestations, the grin on the teenager's face ___ her denial that she had known about the practical joke before it was played on her parents. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) belied illustrated reinforced exacerbated trivialized
Despite vigorous protestations, the grin on the teenager's face belied her denial that she had known about the practical joke before it was played on her parents. , , (). protestation , , ; , grin to draw back the lips and bare the teeth, as in mirth or good humor practical joke () a mischievous trick played on a person, especially one that causes the victim to experience embarrassment, indignity, or discomfort (A) belie 1. to picture falsely; misrepresent 2. to show to be false 3. to be counter to; contradict (D) exacerbate ; , to increase the severity, violence, or bitterness of; aggravate 6. Far from undermining the impression of permanent decline, the ___ statue seemed emblematic of its ___ surroundings. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) indecorous ... opulent grandiose ... ramshackle pretentious ... simple ungainly ... elegant tawdry ... blighted
Far from undermining the impression of permanent decline, the tawdry statue seemed emblematic of its blighted surroundings. , () () .
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emblematic , symbolic emblem , (); , ; 1. an object or a representation that functions as a symbol 2. a distinctive badge, design, or device 3. an allegorical picture usually inscribed with a verse or motto presenting a moral lesson (A) indecorous ; , lacking propriety or good taste opulent ; , 1. possessing or exhibiting great wealth; affluent 2. characterized by rich abundance; luxuriant (B) (E) ramshackle , tawdry , gaudy and cheap in nature or appearance gaudy showy in a tasteless or vulgar way blight ; , 7. Despite the fact that it is almost universally ___ , the practice of indentured servitude still ___ in many parts of the world. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) condemned ... abates tolerated ... survives proscribed ... persists mandated ... lingers disdained ... intervenes
Despite the fact that it is almost universally proscribed, the practice of indentured servitude still persists in many parts of the world. () () . indenture to bind into the service of another by indenture servitude , ; , 1. a. a state of subjection to an owner or a master b. lack of personal freedom, as to act as one chooses 2. forced labor imposed as a punishment for crime (C) (D) proscribe mandate ; , ; , linger ; ; () 1. to be slow in leaving, especially out of reluctance; tarry 2. to remain feebly alive for some time before dying 3. to persist 4. to proceed slowly; saunter 5. to be tardy in acting; procrastinate tarry 1. to delay or be late in going, coming, or doing 2. to wait 3. to remain or stay temporarily, as in a place saunter to walk at a leisurely pace; stroll procrastinate to put off doing something, especially out of habitual carelessness or laziness Test 7, Section 3
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1.
What these people were waiting for would not have been apparent to others and was perhaps not very ___ their own minds. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) obscure to intimate to illusory to difficult for definite in
What these people were waiting for would not have been apparent to others and was perhaps not very definite in their own minds. () . 2. The attempt to breed suitable varieties of jojoba by using hybridization to ___ favorable traits was finally abandoned in favor of a simpler and much faster ___ : the domestication of flourishing wild strains. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) eliminate ... alternative reinforce ... method allow ... creation reduce ... idea concentrate ... theory
The attempt to breed suitable varieties of jojoba by using hybridization to reinforce favorable traits was finally abandoned in favor of a simpler and much faster method : the domestication of flourishing wild strains. () () : . jojoba <jhub> [ , ] hybridize to produce or cause to produce hybrids; crossbreed 3. According to one political theorist, a regime that has as its goal absolute ___ , without any ___ law or principle, has declared war on justice. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) respectability ... codification of supremacy ... suppression of autonomy ... accountability to fairness ... deviation from responsibility ... prioritization of
According to one political theorist, a regime that has as its goal absolute autonomy, without any accountability to law or principle, has declared war on justice. , () () , . (B) (C) supremacy , ; , autonomy ; , 1. the condition or quality of being autonomous; independence 2. a. self-government or the right of self-government; self-determination b. self-government with respect to local or internal affairs 3. a self-governing state, community, or group
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(E) 4.
prioritize to arrange or deal with in order of importance
Despite its ___ , the book deals ___ with a number of crucial issues. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) optimism ... cursorily importance ... needlessly virtues ... inadequately novelty ... strangely completeness ... thoroughly
Despite its virtues, the book deals inadequately with a number of crucial issues. () , () . 5. Although frequent air travelers remain unconvinced, researchers have found that, paradoxically, the ___ disorientation inherent in jet lag also may yield some mental health ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) temporal ... benefits acquired ... hazards somatic ... disorders random ... deficiencies typical ... standards
Although frequent air travelers remain unconvinced, researchers have found that, paradoxically, the temporal disorientation inherent in jet lag also may yield some mental health benefits. () () . jet lag, jet syndrome a temporary disruption of bodily rhythms caused by high-speed travel across several time zones typically in a jet aircraft (C) 6. somatic (corporeal), ,
Ironically, the proper use of figurative language must be based on the denotative meaning of the words, because it is the failure to recognize this ___ meaning that leads to mixed metaphors and their attendant incongruity. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) esoteric literal latent allusive symbolic
Ironically, the proper use of figurative language must be based on the denotative meaning of the words, because it is the failure to recognize this literal meaning that leads to mixed metaphors and their attendant incongruity. , [] , ( ) . figurative denotative /; connotative , ; (C) latent present or potential but not evident or active
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(D) 7.
allusive containing or characterized by indirect references
Although it seems ___ that there would be a greater risk of serious automobile accidents in densely populated areas, such accidents are more likely to occur in sparsely populated regions. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) paradoxical axiomatic anomalous irrelevant portentous
Although it seems axiomatic that there would be a greater risk of serious automobile accidents in densely populated areas, such accidents are more likely to occur in sparsely populated regions. () , . (E) portentous , (ominous), ; , 1. of the nature of or constituting a portent; foreboding 2. full of unspecifiable significance; exciting wonder and awe 3. marked by pompousness; pretentiously weighty Test 7, Section 6 1. If the theory is self-evidently true, as its proponents assert, then why does ___ it still exist among well-informed people? (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) support for excitement about regret for resignation about opposition to
If the theory is self-evidently true, as its proponents assert, then why does opposition to it still exist among well-informed people? , () ? (D) 2. resignation , ; ,
Although the ___ of cases of measles has ___ , researchers fear that eradication of the disease, once believed to be imminent, may not come soon. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) occurrence ... continued incidence ... declined prediction ... resumed number ... increased study ... begun
Although the incidence of cases of measles has declined, researchers fear that eradication of the disease, once believed to be imminent, may not come soon. () () , .
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measles 3. Nothing ___ his irresponsibility better than his ___ delay in sending us the items he promised weeks ago. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) justifies ... conspicuous characterizes ... timely epitomizes ... unnecessary reveals ... conscientious conceals ... inexplicable
Nothing epitomizes his irresponsibility better than his unnecessary delay in sending us the items he promised weeks ago. () ( ) . (A) conspicuous 1. easy to notice; obvious 2. attracting attention, as by being unusual or remarkable; noticeable (C) epitomize , ; 1. to make an epitome of; sum up 2. to be a typical example of (E) 4. inexplicable difficult or impossible to explain or account for
The author did not see the ___ inherent in her scathing criticism of a writing style so similar to her own. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) disinterest incongruity pessimism compliment symbolism
The author did not see the incongruity inherent in her scathing criticism of a writing style so similar to her own. () . scathing ; 1. bitterly denunciatory; harshly critical 2. harmful or painful; injurious (B) (C) 5. incongruity , pessimism , ()
Whereas the Elizabethans struggled with the transition from medieval ___ experience to modern individualism, we confront an electronic technology that seems likely to reverse the trend, rendering individualism obsolete and interdependence mandatory. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) literary intuitive corporate heroic spiritual
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Whereas the Elizabethans struggled with the transition from medieval corporate experience to modern individualism, we confront an electronic technology that seems likely to reverse the trend, rendering individualism obsolete and interdependence mandatory. () , . mandatory ; , required or commanded by authority; obligatory (C) 6. corporate /
Our biological uniqueness requires that the effects of a substance must be verified by ___ experiments, even after thousands of tests of the effects of that substance on animals. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) controlled random replicated human evolutionary
Our biological uniqueness requires that the effects of a substance must be verified by human experiments, even after thousands of tests of the effects of that substance on animals. , , () . 7. Today water is more ___ in landscape architecture than ever before, because technological advances have made it easy, in some instances even ___ to install water features in public places. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) conspicuous ... prohibitive sporadic ... effortless indispensable ... intricate ubiquitous ... obligatory controversial ... unnecessary
Today water is more ubiquitous in landscape architecture than ever before, because technological advances have made it easy, in some instances even obligatory to install water features in public places. (), , () . (D) ubiquitous being or seeming to be everywhere at the same time; omnipresent
Test 8, Section 1 1. While many Russian composers of the nineteenth century contributed to an emerging national style, other composers did not ___ idiomatic Russian musical elements, ___ instead the traditional musical vocabulary of Western European Romanticism. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) utilize ... rejecting incorporate ... preferring exclude ... avoiding repudiate ... expanding esteem ... disdaining
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While many Russian composers of the nineteenth century contributed to an emerging national style, other composers did not repudiate idiomatic Russian musical elements, expanding instead the traditional musical vocabulary of Western European Romanticism. 19 , () , (). (D) repudiate , ; 1. to reject the validity or authority of 2. to reject emphatically as unfounded, untrue, or unjust 3. to refuse to recognize or pay 4. a. to disown (a child, for example) b. to refuse to have any dealings with 2. Because the painter Albert Pinkham Ryder was obsessed with his ___ perfection, he was rarely ___ a painting, creating endless variations of a scene on one canvas, one on top of another. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) quest for ... satisfied with insistence on ... displeased with contempt for ... disconcerted by alienation from ... immersed in need for ... concerned with
Because the painter Albert Pinkham Ryder was obsessed with his quest for perfection, he was rarely satisfied with a painting, creating endless variations of a scene on one canvas, one on top of another. Albert Pinkham Ryder () () , . 3. Objectively set standards can serve as a ___ for physicians, providing them ___ unjustified malpractice claims. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) trial ... evidence of model ... experience with criterion ... reasons for test ... questions about safeguard ... protection from
Objectively set standards can serve as a safeguard for physicians, providing them protection from unjustified malpractice claims. ( ) , () . malpractice () ; , 1. improper or negligent treatment of a patient, as by a physician, resulting in injury, damage, or loss 2. improper or unethical conduct by the holder of a professional or official position 3. the act or an instance of improper practice
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4.
In spite of ___ reviews in the press, the production of her play was ___ almost certain oblivion by enthusiastic audiences whose acumen was greater than that of the critics. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) lukewarm ... condemned to scathing ... exposed to lackluster ... rescued from sensitive ... reduced to admiring ... insured against
In spite of lackluster reviews in the press, the production of her play was rescued from almost certain oblivion by enthusiastic audiences whose acumen was greater than that of the critics. () , (). oblivion ; (pardon, amnesty) 1. the condition or quality of being completely forgotten 2. the act or an instance of forgetting; total forgetfulness 3. official overlooking of offenses; amnesty acumen , quickness, accuracy, and keenness of judgment or insight (A) lukewarm ; , 1. mildly warm; tepid 2. lacking conviction or enthusiasm; indifferent (B) scathing ; 1. bitterly denunciatory; harshly critical 2. harmful or painful; injurious (C) 5. lackluster / ; lacking brightness, luster, or vitality; dull
The passions of love and pride are often found in the same individual, but having little in common, they mutually ___ , not to say destroy, each other. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) reinforce annihilate enhance weaken embrace
The passions of love and pride are often found in the same individual, but having little in common, they mutually weaken, not to say destroy, each other. , (). (B) annihilate <nilit> , ; , 1. a. to destroy completely b. to reduce to nonexistence c. to defeat decisively; vanquish 2. to nullify or render void; abolish
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6.
The necessity of establishing discrete categories for observations frequently leads to attempts to make absolute ___ when there are in reality only ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) analyses ... hypotheses correlations ... digressions distinctions ... gradations complications ... ambiguities conjectures ... approximations
The necessity of establishing discrete categories for observations frequently leads to attempts to make absolute distinctions when there are in reality only gradations. , ( ) () . (B) 7. digress to turn aside, especially from the main subject in writing or speaking; stray
A unique clay disk found at the Minoan site of Phaistos is often ___ as the earliest example of printing by scholars who have defended its claim to this status despite equivalent claims put forward for other printing artifacts. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) questioned overlooked adduced conceded dismissed
A unique clay disk found at the Minoan site of Phaistos is often adduced as the earliest example of printing by scholars who have defended its claim to this status despite equivalent claims put forward for other printing artifacts. Phaistos Minoan , (). (C) (D) adduce () /; to cite as an example or means of proof in an argument concede 1. to acknowledge, often reluctantly, as being true, just, or proper; admit 2. to yield or gran (a privilege or right, for example) Test 8, Section 4 1. Punishment for violating moral rules is much more common than reward for following them; thus, ___ the rules goes almost ___ in society. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) association with ... undefended adherence to ... unnoticed affiliation of ... uncorrected opposition to ... unchecked ignorance of ... unresolved
Punishment for violating moral rules is much more common than reward for following them; thus, adherence to the rules goes almost unnoticed in society. ; () ( ).
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(C)
affiliate 1. to adopt or accept as a member, subordinate associate, or branch 2. to associate (oneself) as a subordinate, subsidiary, employee, or member / 3. to assign the origin of
2.
Compassion is a great respecter of justice: we pity those who suffer ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) shamelessly unwittingly vicariously intensively undeservedly
Compassion is a great respecter of justice: we pity those who suffer undeservedly. () : () . respecter (C) (E) 3. vicarious , undeserved , ; not merited; unjustifiable or unfair
No work illustrated his disdain for a systematic approach to research better than his dissertation, which was rejected primarily because his bibliography constituted, at best, ___ survey of the major texts in his field. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) an unimaginative an orthodox a meticulous a comprehensive a haphazard
No work illustrated his disdain for a systematic approach to research better than his dissertation, which was rejected primarily because his bibliography constituted, at best, a haphazard survey of the major texts in his field. . () . bibliography , ; , (C) meticulous 1. extremely careful and precise 2. extremely or excessively concerned with details (E) 4. haphazard , , dependent upon or characterized by mere chance
In contrast to the ___ with which the acquisition of language by young children was once regarded, the process by which such learning occurs has now become the object of ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) intensity ... fascination incuriosity ... scrutiny anxiety ... criticism reverence ... admiration impatience ... training
In contrast to the incuriosity with which the acquisition of language by young children was once
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regarded, the process by which such learning occurs has now become the object of scrutiny. () , ( ) . (B) incurious ; ; lacking intellectual inquisitiveness or natural curiosity; uninterested scrutiny 1. a close, careful examination or study 2. close observation; surveillance surveillance , ; 1. close observation of a person or group, especially one under suspicion 2. the act of observing or the condition of being observed 5. The senator's remark that she is ambivalent about running for a second term is ___ given the extremely ___ fund-raising activities of her campaign committee. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) disingenuous ... reluctant futile ... clandestine sincere ... visible persuasive ... apathetic straightforward ... energetic
The senator's remark that she is ambivalent about running for a second term is persuasive given the extremely apathetic fund-raising activities of her campaign committee. campaign committee () ( ). ambivalent ; ambivalence 1. the coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings, such as love and hate, toward a person, an object, or an idea 2. uncertainty or indecisiveness as to which course to follow (A) (B) (D) disingenuous , not straightforward or candid; crafty clandestine kept or done in secret, often in order to conceal an illicit or improper purpose apathetic ; , 1. feeling or showing a lack of interest or concern; indifferent 2. feeling or showing little or no emotion; unresponsive 6. Until quite recently research on diabetes had, as a kind of holding action, attempted to refine the ___ of the disease, primarily because no preventive strategy seemed at all likely to be ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) definition ... necessary anticipation ... acceptable understanding ... costly treatment ... practicable symptoms ... feasible
Until quite recently research on diabetes had, as a kind of holding action, attempted to refine the treatment of the disease, primarily because no preventive strategy seemed at all likely to be practicable. () ,
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( ) . diabetes <dib:ti:z> (E) feasible ; , ; 1. capable of being accomplished or brought about; possible 2. used or dealt with successfully; suitable 3. logical; likely 7. Most plant species exhibit ___ in their geographical distribution: often, a given species is found over a large geographical area, but individual populations within that range are widely ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) discontinuity ... separated density ... dispersed symmetry ... observed uniformity ... scattered concentration ... adaptable
Most plant species exhibit discontinuity in their geographical distribution: often, a given species is found over a large geographical area, but individual populations within that range are widely separated. () : , ( ). (E) adaptable / ; ,
Test 9, Section 1 1. There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people's social behavior and the values informing it that cannot be ___ from one or another point of view, or even ___ as simplistic or vapid. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) accepted ... praised intuited ... exposed harangued ... retracted defended ... glorified challenged ... dismissed
There is hardly a generalization that can be made about people's social behavior and the values informing it that cannot be challenged from one or another point of view, or even dismissed as simplistic or vapid. , () () . (B) (C) intuit to know intuitively harangue , 1. a long, pompous speech, especially one delivered before a gathering 2. a speech or piece of writing characterized by strong feeling or expression; a tirade
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2.
Although any destruction of vitamins caused by food irradiation could be ___ the use of diet supplements, there may be no protection from carcinogens that some fear might be introduced into foods by the process. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) counterbalanced by attributed to inferred from augmented with stimulated by
Although any destruction of vitamins caused by food irradiation could be counterbalanced by the use of diet supplements, there may be no protection from carcinogens that some fear might be introduced into foods by the process. food irradiation ( ) , . irradiation , ; X , X 1. the act of exposing to radiation or the condition of being so exposed 2. therapy or treatment by exposure to radiation radiate , , 1. to send out rays or waves 2. to issue or emerge in rays or waves 3. to extend in straight lines from or toward a center; diverge or converge like rays carcinogen <ka:rsndn> 3. Though he refused any responsibility for the failure of the negotiations, Stevenson had no right to ___ himself: it was his ___ that had caused the debacle. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) blame ... skill congratulate ... modesty berate ... largesse accuse ... obstinacy absolve ... acrimony
Though he refused any responsibility for the failure of the negotiations, Stevenson had no right to absolve himself: it was his acrimony that had caused the debacle. , Stevenson () : (). debacle , , ; (C) (E) berate to rebuke or scold angrily and at length largesse <la:rde s> ; absolve , 1. to pronounce clear of guilt or blame 2. to relieve of a requirement or an obligation 3. a. to grant a remission of sin to b. to pardon or remit (a sin) acrimony , bitter, sharp, ill-natured animosity, especially as it is exhibited in speech or behavior
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4.
The prevailing union of passionate interest in detailed facts with equal devotion to abstract ___ is a hallmark of our present society; in the past this union appeared, at best, ___ and as if by chance. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) data ... extensively philosophy ... cyclically generalization ... sporadically evaluation ... opportunely intuition ... selectively
The prevailing union of passionate interest in detailed facts with equal devotion to abstract generalization is a hallmark of our present society; in the past this union appeared, at best, sporadically and as if by chance. () : () . hallmark , ; , (D) opportune 1. suited or right for a particular purpose 2. occurring at a fitting or advantageous time 5. A century ago the physician's word was ___ : to doubt it was considered almost sacrilegious. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) inevitable intractable incontrovertible objective respectable
A century ago the physician's word was incontrovertible: to doubt it was considered almost sacrilegious. ( ): . sacrilegious <s krlds> 1. grossly irreverent toward what is or in held to be sacred 2. having committed sacrilege sacrilege desecration, profanation, misuse, or theft of something sacred (C) 6. incontrovertible impossible to dispute; unquestionable
So much of modern fiction in the United States is autobiographical, and so much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the ___ sometimes seem largely ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) authors ... ignored needs ... unrecognized genres ... interchangeable intentions ... misunderstood misapprehensions ... uncorrected
So much of modern fiction in the United States is autobiographical, and so much of the autobiography fictionalized, that the genres sometimes seem largely interchangeable. () ( ) . (E) apprehension 1. fearful or uneasy anticipation of the future; dread
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2. the act of seizing or capturing; arrest 3. the ability to apprehend or understand; understanding 7. Robin's words were not without emotion: they retained their level tone only by a careful ___ imminent extremes. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) equipoise between embrace of oscillation between limitation to subjection to
Robin's words were not without emotion: they retained their level tone only by a careful equipoise between imminent extremes. Robin : () . imminent about to occur; impending (A) equipoise , 1. equality in distribution, as of weight, relationship, or emotional forces; equilibrium 2. a counterpoise; a counterbalance Test 9, Section 4 1. That she seemed to prefer ___ to concentrated effort is undeniable; nevertheless, the impressive quality of her finished paintings suggests that her actual relationship to her art was anything but ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) preparation ... passionate artfulness ... disengaged dabbling ... superficial caprice ... considered indecision ... lighthearted
That she seemed to prefer dabbling to concentrated effort is undeniable; nevertheless, the impressive quality of her finished paintings suggests that her actual relationship to her art was anything but superficial. ( ) : () . (E) 2. indecision reluctance or an inability to make up one's mind; irresolution
Because of the excellent preservation of the fossil, anatomical details of early horseshoe crabs were ___ for the first time, enabling experts to ___ the evolution of the horseshoe crab. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) scrutinized ... ensure verified ... advance identified ... distort obscured ... illustrate clarified ... reassess
Because of the excellent preservation of the fossil, anatomical details of early horseshoe crabs were
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clarified for the first time, enabling experts to reassess the evolution of the horseshoe crab. (), () . horseshoe crab (E) reassess assess 1. to estimate the value of (property) for taxation 2. to set or determine the amount of (a payment, such as a tax or fine) 3. to charge (a person or property) with a special payment, such as a tax or fine 4. to determine the value, significance, or extent of; appraise 3. The philosopher claimed that a person who must consciously ___ his or her own indifference before helping another is behaving more nobly than one whose basic disposition allows such an act to be performed without ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) feign ... enthusiasm censure ... comment embrace ... duplicity suffer ... effort overcome ... deliberation
The philosopher claimed that a person who must consciously overcome his or her own indifference before helping another is behaving more nobly than one whose basic disposition allows such an act to be performed without deliberation. () () . 4. The senator's attempt to convince the public that he is not interested in running for a second term is ___ given the extremely ___ fund-raising activities of his campaign committee. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) futile ... clandestine sincere ... visible specious ... apathetic disingenuous ... public straightforward ... dubious
The senator's attempt to convince the public that he is not interested in running for a second term is disingenuous given the extremely public fund-raising activities of his campaign committee. campaign committee ( ) ( ) . (A) (C) clandestine kept or done in secret, often in order to conceal an illicit or improper purpose specious , 1. having the ring of truth or plausibility but actually fallacious 2. deceptively attractive (D) disingenuous not straightforward or candid; crafty
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5.
Although a change in management may appear to ___ a shift in a company's fortunes, more often than not its impact is ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) hinder ... measurable promote ... demonstrable accelerate ... profound betray ... fundamental augur ... inconsiderable
Although a change in management may appear to augur a shift in a company's fortunes, more often than not its impact is inconsiderable. (), (). more often than not , [100 51 ] (B) demonstrable / ; 1. capable of being demonstrated or proved 2. obvious or apparent (E) augur 1. to predict, especially from signs or omens; foretell 2. to serve as an omen of; betoken betoken to be or give a sign or portent of inconsiderable too small or unimportant to merit attention or consideration; trivial 6. The skeleton of ___ bird that was recently discovered indicated that this ancient creature ___ today's birds in that, unlike earlier birds and unlike reptilian ancestors, it had not a tooth in its head. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) a primeval ... obscured a unique ... preempted a primitive ... anticipated a contemporary ... foreshadowed an advanced ... differed from
The skeleton of a primitive bird that was recently discovered indicated that this ancient creature anticipated today's birds in that, unlike earlier birds and unlike reptilian ancestors, it had not a tooth in its head. ( ) ( ) . . reptilian ; , (C) primitive 1. not derived from something else; primary or basic 2. a. of or relating to an earliest or original stage or state; primeval b. being little evolved from an early ancestral type 3. characterized by simplicity or crudity; unsophisticated anticipate 1. to feel or realize beforehand; foresee 2. to look forward to, especially with pleasure; expect 3. to act in advance so as to prevent; forestall 4. to foresee and fulfill in advance 5. to cause to happen in advance; accelerate 6. to use in advance, as income not yet available
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7. to pay (a debt) before it is due (D) foreshadow to present an indication or a suggestion of beforehand; presage presage <pre sid> 1. an indication or a warning of a future occurrence; an omen 2. a feeling or an intuition of what is going to occur; a presentiment 3. prophetic significance or meaning 7. While many people utilize homeopathic remedies to treat health problems, other people do not ___ such alternative treatments, ___ conventional medical treatments instead. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) distrust ... employing embrace ... eschewing reject ... envisioning countenance ... relying on recommend ... turning from
While many people utilize homeopathic remedies to treat health problems, other people do not countenance such alternative treatments, relying on conventional medical treatments instead. , () (). homeopathy <humipi> (B) (C) (D) eschew <ist:> , to avoid; shun envision , to picture in the mind; imagine countenance n. 1. appearance, especially the expression of the face 2. the face or facial features , 3. a. a look or expression indicative of encouragement or of moral support b. support or approval Test 10, Section 2 1. As businesses become aware that their advertising must ___ the everyday concerns of consumers, their commercials will be characterized by a greater degree of ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) allay ... pessimism address ... realism evade ... verisimilitude engage ... fancy change ... sincerity
As businesses become aware that their advertising must address the everyday concerns of consumers, their commercials will be characterized by a greater degree of realism. ( ) , () . (A) allay , 1. to reduce the intensity of; relieve 2. to calm or pacify; set to rest (C) verisimilitude , 1. the quality of appearing to be true or real
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2. something that has the appearance of being true or real 2. Because the lawyer's methods were found to be ___ , the disciplinary committee ___ his privileges. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) unimpeachable ... suspended ingenious ... withdrew questionable ... expanded unscrupulous ... revoked reprehensible ... augmented
Because the lawyer's methods were found to be unscrupulous, the disciplinary committee revoked his privileges. () (). disciplinary ; , discipline , ; , ; , ; , (A) impeach 1. a. to make an accusation against b. to charge (a public official) with improper conduct in office before a proper tribunal 2. to challenge the validity of; try to discredit (B) ingenious , ; 1. marked by inventive skill and imagination 2. having or arising from an inventive or cunning mind; clever (D) unscrupulous devoid of scruples; oblivious to or contemptuous of what is right or honorable scruple 1. an uneasy feeling arising from conscience or principle that tends to hinder action 2. a minute part or amount (E) 3. reprehensible deserving rebuke or censure; blameworthy
People of intelligence and achievement can nonetheless be so ___ and lacking in ___ that they gamble their reputations by breaking the law to further their own ends. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) devious ... propensity culpable ... prosperity obsequious ... deference truculent ... independence greedy ... integrity
People of intelligence and achievement can nonetheless be so greedy and lacking in integrity that they gamble their reputations by breaking the law to further their own ends. () () , . (B) (D) culpable deserving of blame or censure as being wrong, evil, improper, or injurious truculent <tr kjlnt> , ; , 1. disposed to fight; pugnacious 2. expressing bitter opposition; scathing 3. disposed to or exhibiting violence or destructiveness; fierce
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4.
A number of scientists have published articles ___ global warming, stating ___ that there is no solid scientific evidence to support the theory that the Earth is warming because of increases in greenhouse gases. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) debunking ... categorically rejecting ... paradoxically deploring ... optimistically dismissing ... hesitantly proving ... candidly
A number of scientists have published articles debunking global warming, stating categorically that there is no solid scientific evidence to support the theory that the Earth is warming because of increases in greenhouse gases. () , () . (A) (C) debunk to expose or ridicule the falseness, sham, or exaggerated claims of categorical being without exception or qualification; absolute deplore 1. to feel or express strong disapproval of; condemn 2. to express sorrow or grief over 3. to regret; bemoan bemoan , ; 5. The senator's attempt to convince the public that she is not interested in running for a second term is as ___ as her opponent's attempt to disguise his intention to run against her. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) biased unsuccessful inadvertent indecisive remote
The senator's attempt to convince the public that she is not interested in running for a second term is as unsuccessful as her opponent's attempt to disguise his intention to run against her. ( ). (C) 6. advertent , ,
MacCrory's conversation was ___ : she could never tell a story, chiefly because she always forgot it, and she was never guilty of a witticism, unless by accident. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) scintillating unambiguous perspicuous stultifying facetious
MacCrory's conversation was scintillating : she could never tell a story, chiefly because she always forgot it, and she was never guilty of a witticism, unless by accident. MacCrory ( ) : ,
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. witticism , , a witty remark (A) scintillate , 1. to throw off sparks; flash 2. to sparkle or shine 3. to be animated and brilliant (C) (D) perspicuous , clearly expressed or presented; easy to understand stultify ; 1. to render useless or ineffectual; cripple 2. to cause to appear stupid, inconsistent, or ridiculous (E) 7. facetious , ; , playfully jocular; humorous
Despite its many ___ , the whole-language philosophy of teaching reading continues to gain ___ among educators. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) detractors ... notoriety adherents ... prevalence critics ... currency enthusiasts ... popularity practitioners ... credibility
Despite its many critics, the whole-language philosophy of teaching reading continues to gain currency among educators. () , whole-language () . Test 10, Section 5 1. That she was ___ rock climbing did not diminish her ___ to join her friends on a rock-climbing expedition. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) attracted to ... eagerness timid about ... reluctance fearful of ... determination curious about ... aspiration knowledgeable about ... hope
That she was fearful of rock climbing did not diminish her determination to join her friends on a rock-climbing expedition. () () . (D) aspiration , ; ,
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2.
Data concerning the effects on a small population of high concentrations of a potentially hazardous chemical are frequently used to ___ the effects on a large population of lower amounts of the same chemical. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) verify redress predict realize augment
Data concerning the effects on a small population of high concentrations of a potentially hazardous chemical are frequently used to predict the effects on a large population of lower amounts of the same chemical. small population large population () . (B) redress 1. to set right; remedy or rectify 2. to make amends to 3. to make amends for 4. to adjust (a balance, for example) 3. Conceptually, it is hard to reconcile a defense attorney's ___ to ensure that false testimony is not knowingly put forward with the attorney's mandate to mount the most ___ defense conceivable for the client. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) efforts ... cautious duty ... powerful inability ... eloquent failure ... diversified promises ... informed
Conceptually, it is hard to reconcile a defense attorney's duty to ensure that false testimony is not knowingly put forward with the attorney's mandate to mount the most powerful defense conceivable for the client. , () () . reconcile , ; 1. to establish a close relationship between 2. to settle or resolve 3. to bring (oneself) to accept 4. to make compatible or consistent mandate 1. an authoritative command or instruction 2. a command or an authorization given by a political electorate to its representative 3. a. a commission from the League of Nations authorizing a member nation to administer a territory b. a region under such administration 4. (law) a. an order issued by a superior court or an official to a lower court b. a contract by which one party agrees to perform services for another without payment conceivable ,
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4.
The term modern has always been used broadly by historians, and recent reports indicate that its meaning has become more ___ than ever. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) precise pejorative revisionist acceptable amorphous
The term modern has always been used broadly by historians, and recent reports indicate that its meaning has become more amorphous than ever. , () . (B) pejorative , (depreciatory) 1. tending to make or become worse 2. disparaging; belittling (E) amorphous , ; ; 1. lacking definite form; shapeless 2. of no particular type; anomalous 3. lacking organization; formless 4. lacking distinct crystalline structure 5. He would ___ no argument, and to this end he enjoined us to ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) brook ... silence acknowledge ... neglect broach ... abstinence fathom ... secrecy tolerate ... defiance
He would brook no argument, and to this end he enjoined us to silence. () , () . enjoin 1. to direct or impose with authority and emphasis 2. to prohibit or forbid (A) (C) brook , to put up with; tolerate broach ; / 1. a. to bring up (a subject) for discussion or debate b. to announce 2. to pierce in order to draw off liquid 3. to draw off (a liquid) by piercing a hole in a cask or other container 4. to shape or enlarge (a hole) with a tapered, serrated tool (E) defiance , , ; , 1. the act or an example defying; bold resistance to an opposing force or authority 2. intentionally contemptuous behavior or attitude; readiness to contend or resist
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6.
Originally, most intellectual criticism of mass culture was ___ in character, being based on the assumption that the wider the appeal, the more ___ the product. (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) unpredictable ... undesirable ironic ... popular extreme ... outlandish frivolous ... superfluous negative ... shoddy
Originally, most intellectual criticism of mass culture was ironic in character, being based on the assumption that the wider the appeal, the more popular the product. , (ironic), ( ) . appeal 1. an earnest or urgent request, entreaty, or supplication 2. a resort or application to a higher authority, as for sanction, corroboration, or a decision 3. (law) a. the transfer of a case from a lower to a higher court for a new hearing b. a case so transferred c. a request for a new hearing 4. the power of attracting or of arousing interest (C) outlandish 1. conspicuously unconventional; bizarre 2. strikingly unfamiliar 3. located far from civilized areas (D) frivolous , ; , 1. unworthy of serious attention; trivial 2. inappropriately silly (E) 7. shoddy ; , , ; ,
Surprisingly, given the dearth of rain that fell on the corn crop, the yield of the harvest was ___ ; consequently, the corn reserves of the country have not been ___ . (A) (B) (C) (D) (E) inadequate ... replenished encouraging ... depleted compromised ... salvaged abundant ... extended disappointing ... harmed
Surprisingly, given the dearth of rain that fell on the corn crop, the yield of the harvest was encouraging; consequently, the corn reserves of the country have not been depleted. , (); () . (A) replenish , 1. to fill or make complete again; add a new stock or supply to 2. to inspire or nourish (B) deplete to decrease the fullness of; use up or empty out
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4. growing, producing, or produced abundantly; plentiful (C) 5. idiosyncratic ( ) (peculiar); ,

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4. to bring about, as by scheming; manage (C) 5. forbear , ,

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prioritize to arrange or deal with in order of importance

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allusive containing or characterized by indirect references

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10 Sentence Completion, ver 1.3, hgycap@hotmail.com

10 Sentence Completion, ver 1.3, hgycap@hotmail.com

10 Sentence Completion, ver 1.3, hgycap@hotmail.com

10 Sentence Completion, ver 1.3, hgycap@hotmail.com

10 Sentence Completion, ver 1.3, hgycap@hotmail.com