THE CHARACTERISTIC OF DIODA

Nurpajri, Dwiyanti Fajri, Sitti Lailatul Qamaria ICP of Physics Education 2012
Abstrack In this experiment we have title the characteristics of diode. The purpose for the first isdescribe and interpret the flow characteristic curve - voltage (I-V) of the submitters diodes and zener diode. Second is determine the load line and the working point by curve I - V diode rectifier and the third is determine the zener voltage curve based on the I - V zener diode. Diode is a semiconductor device connection P-N simplest possessing a current in one direction only. While the characteristics of the diode its elf is sometimes semi conductors and sometimes as insulators. In experiment this time, do 2 activities for each diode is forward biased and reserve bias condition

1.

Basic Methodology Diode is a semiconductor device connection P-N simplest possessing direction a only. current in one and there are three conditions that bias can be given: 1. Zero Bias - a condition in which there is no external potential is given to both ends of the diode produces a balance amount of majority carriers, electrons and holes, and both are moving in the opposite direction. This equilibrium

Thinning

thickening of the depletion layer of the junction between the key properties of the diode connection of P - N. In contrast to a resistor, a diode does not behave linearly on the applied voltage diodes instead produces the characteristic I - V is exponential. Notation or symbol diode connection P - N is shown in the following figure. 2.

condition is known as dynamic equilibrium equilibrium). Reverse Bias - a condition in which the positive pole is connected to an external source of potential N side of the diode and the negative to the pole is (dynamic

connected There are two operating

external

regions diode connection P - N and

potential sumer P side of the diode. This condition results in a junction resistance value P - N is so low that allow very large currents flowing though only by a relatively small potential source. Actual potential differences arising on both ends of the diode junction will remain valuable due to the action of the depletion layer which is worth about 0.3 V to 0.7 V for germanium and silicon. Zener diode It has been discussed earlier that the current in the diode withstand reverse bias conditions and will result when in a damage reverse

2.

Identification of Variable 1. 2. 3. Manipulation Voltage (Hz) Respond Variable: Voltage (volt) and Current (I) Control Variable: Resistance (). Variable :

3.

Definition Operational 1. Current

of

Variable

charge

which

flows in unit time.

2. Voltage is electric potential energy per unit charge. 3. Resistance is a passive twoterminal electrical component that implements electrical

resistance as a circuit element.

(breakdown)

4.

Tools and Material 1. Power Supply 20 Vdc, 1 piece 2. Voltmeter 0-10 Vdc, 1 piece 3. Ammeter 0-1 Adc, 1 piece 4. Potentiometer, 1 piece 5. Rectifier diodes, 1 piece 6. Zener Diode, 1 piece 7. Connector cable.

voltage is given too large. Unlike the case with so-called zener diodes or diode breakdown,

basically the same as the diode connection P - N standard unless specifically designed or produced reverse breakdown voltage is

lower and relatively constant so it is best used in the reverse direction as the bias voltage regulator. The point at which the zener diode breakdown voltage zener or 5. Work Procedure Forward bias conditions a. Make a series of experiments as shown below.

conduction called "VZ".

R
S

b. Raise the bias voltage to adjust ID + D _ V

D

the

potentiometer until the

voltmeter shows the value of 0.5 V (or depending on the sensitivity of the measuring instrument), note the

V
S

V
R

b. Measure the source voltage

appointment of the two gauges on the observation table. c. Perform activities (b) for each increase in bias voltage up to 0.5 V maximum. d. Record all your observations carefully in the observation table. 6. Data/Data Analysis a. Observation table Activity 1st (forward bias) For Rectifier Diode

of 2 V for the forward bias condition.

a) Adjust the minimum position potentiometer VR and observe the appointment of the

second measure. b) Raise the bias voltage to adjust the

potentiometer until the voltmeter shows the

value of 0.05 V (or depending sensitivity on of the the

measuring instrument), note the appointment of the two gauges on the observation table. c) Perform activities (c) for each increment of 0.05 V bias voltage up to the maximum. Reverse Bias Conditions a. Measure the source voltage of 10 V to 15 V for rectifier diode and zener diode .

Table 1.1 Relationship between voltage diode (VD) and current diode (ID) Num 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Vo (Volt) 0.05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,35 0,40 0,45 ID (mA) 0 0 0 0 0 0,01 0,05 0,14 0,60

 For Zener Diode Table 1.2 Relationship between voltage diode (VD) and current diode (ID) Num 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Vo (Volt) 0.050 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 0,30 0,35 0,40 0,45 0,50 0,55 0,6 ID (mA) 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,4 3,5 14,8 36,7 71,0 151,5 523

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

5,0 5,5 6,0 6,5 7,0 7,5 8,0 8,5 9,0

0,40 0,50 0,50 0,60 0,60 0,70 0,70 0,80 0,80

For Zener Diode Table 2.2 Relationship between voltage diode (VD) and current diode (ID) Num 1 2 3 VD (volt) 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 ID(mA) 0 0 0 0 0,01 0,05 0,20 0,66

Activity 2nd (Reserve bias) For Rectifier Diode

4 5 6 7 8

Table 2.1 Relationship between voltage diode (VD) and current diode (ID) No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 VD (volt) 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 ID(mA) 0,00 0,00 0,10 0,10 0,20 0,20 0,30 0,30 0,40

a. Activity graphic Graphic Method

Graphic Relation between voltage and the current in the diode zener

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4 Vd

0.3

Id

0.2

0.1

0 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 Id 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5

Graphic Relation between voltage and the current in the diode rectifier

18

16

14

12

10

0 0 -2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Graphic Relation between voltage and the current in the diode zener

0.6

0.5

0.4

Vd

0.3 Id

0.2

0.1

3
Id

Graphic Relation between voltage and the current in the diode zener
0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4 Vd

0.3

Id

0.2

0.1

0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Id 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

Combination graphic diode zener

50

0 -4 -3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 -50 0 0.5 1

-100

-150

-200

-250

-300

-350

Combination graphic diode rectifier

18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2

-2

1. Discusion In the forward bias condition or event which the forward bias voltage source connected to the positive pole to the anode or p-type diode and the negative pole to the cathode voltage source or ntype diode that happens in this condition is the event where the electrons in the ntype diode across the depletion region is the area barrier between the existing holes in the p-type region, resulting in a narrowing of the depletion region as a result of events electrons combine with the small holes, which causes the flow of electric current in the circuit. In this experiment used a resistor and two diodes are as zener diode voltage regulator with a current rectifier diode rectifier and a potensiometer.. In our graphic I think this is enough good data, because it very close with the graphic shown In the figure of the electronics books, well yeah not so close but it very nice data I think. And I am just thinking that the bad data is just in the diode rectifier because the graphic shown

in the figure is constant and I think its not good. 2. Conclusion Based on the description above can dsimpulkan the following: 1. Diode rectifier is used to rectify flow while the zener diode serves for setting the voltage to a voltage source seraha tida change output voltage. 2. When the voltage applied to the diode is still below the threshold voltage, the diode is not working. If the voltage surpasses a threshold voltage then the current will immediately jumped

significantly.

Bibliography Tim Elektronika Dasar. 2013. Penuntun Praktikum Elektronika Dasar 1.

Makassar: Universitas Negeri Makassar.