The Major Problems in Teaching and Learning Which Are Commonly Encounter by the Teachers During Instructional Process.

I. Introduction Teaching a language is not a critical situation in which human demanded to achieve it in a short term period. It must be prepared in order to properly associate with the main aspects of the language learned. In this case, teachers of English language should effectively control their students achievement in a certain period so that he/she could determine the level of comprehension of the students. It is already known that teaching need technique, intelligence, patient and other aspects needed. To put in other, specifically, the writer intentionally presents this paper as the comparison for those instructors in delivering the material given to the students. In terms of language teaching and referring to the increased learning and teaching of English throughout the world during recent years has produced a new cadre of professional: teachers of EFL. The lecturers of FKIP University of Mataram are those professional instructors of English. In this sense, the writer aim is to compare a wide range of teaching problems and the solution in order to help teachers in their daily task. Teachers sometimes found a situation where the students did not understand exactly the material provided, they tend to make noise by talking to their friend in the classroom rather than paying attention to their teachers explanation and the amount of the students in each classroom affected the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process. These phenomena are frequently appears in our classroom activity. Particularly, this could not be considered as the general problems but far more assumed as the serious problems that need to be given more concerns on it. If the condition continues to come, what will students get in their learning this far. Moreover, many aspects of teaching and learning are unable to cover by the teachers. This is due to the teachers shortcoming and carelessness of the teachers. Nevertheless, the roles of the teacher are needed in the education field. The phenomenon and attitudes as described before are seemed likely to become tendencies. Generally, the writer supposed that instructors in presenting their material, they have to understand the road to an answer may begin at the point where the teachers explain to their students that the use of a global language such as English may at least increase the possibility of friendship and

understanding among the students. Teachers have to be creative in attracting the students attention so that the class would be more alive. Finally, Task based language teaching is a relatively new approach to second language acquisition and English as foreign language. It requires learners to complete meaningful, real-world tasks such as writing an email, letter, essay or article, making a phone call, conducting an interview, and designing and creating media. The focus of a task is primarily on pragmatic meaning and any focus on form, i.e. grammar, vocabulary, lexis, etc., tends to be addressed according to issues that emerge during participation in the task itself. This makes TBLL particularly suitable for individualized learning and promoting learner independence. Hence, such method of Teaching and learning English language should also associate with the appropriate method in order to achieve the aim of the teaching and learning process. In the next point of this paper, there would be discussion related to the problems and the solutions of the teaching English.

II. Problems And Solution In this point, the writer will focus on the problems regarding to the teaching and learning of English language. Teaching English as a foreign language is a challenging. As an ESL (English as a Second Language) teacher, you must learn to constantly adapt to your students needs. Many times, this means dealing with a variety of problems in the classroom, many of which are all too common occurrences. A good ESL teacher must be able to recognize these common problems, and work to find solutions. Even a small tweak in your teaching methods can help to create a more productive and casual environment for both you and your students. The following will outline some of the most common classroom problems faced when teaching English as foreign language, and just how to solve them. 1. Students become overly dependent on teacher Many times, students will automatically look to the teacher for correct answers instead of trying themselves. If the teacher obliges them with the answer each time, it can become a detrimental problem. Instead, focus on giving positive encouragement to students. This will help to make students more comfortable and more willing to answer (even if incorrectly).

2. Persistent use of first-language When teaching English as a foreign language, this is possibly the most common problem. As an ESL teacher, it's important to encourage students to use English, and only English. However, if students begin conversing in their first language, move closer to the student. Ask them direct questions like "do you have a question?" Another idea is to establish a set of class rules and develop a penalty system for when they use their first-language. For example: if a student is caught using their first-language three times, have them recite a poem in front of the class (in English). Remember, for the 1-2 hours they are in English class, it must be English only. 3. Student is defiant, rowdy, or distracting of others This will happen, no matter what, in every classroom. If the entire class is acting up, it may be the fault of the teacher ie. boring material or poor classroom management. If it one particular student, you should react swiftly to show dominance. In order to resolve the issue, an ESL teacher must be strict and discipline the student if needed. If it continues to happen, further disciplinary action through the school's director could be pursued. 4. Students "hijack lesson" - The lesson doesn't go where you want it to When teaching English as a foreign language, you can always count on students hijacking a lesson. To some extent, this can be a good thing. It shows that students interest, and as long as they are participating and conversing in English, it is a productive experience. However, if the lesson strays too far off topic, in a direction you don't want it to go, it's important to correct the problem by diverting the conversation. 5. Personalities between students clash Not every student in an ESL classroom will become best of friends. If drama arises between certain students, the easiest solution is to separate them away from one another. If the tension persists, switching a student to another classroom may be your only option. The explanations above are the several problems in the teaching and learning process. Teachers are expected to have creativity to enliven the class atmosphere so that the students

are easier and relax to accept the material provided. Therefore, to avoid misinterpretation related to how do the teachers act in such situation, teachers have to clearly understand what their students need. Also the out dated teaching methodology should be accustomed to the new and proper one, making innovation and providing sufficient credit hours. I think that is the best way we can do in terms of problems faced by the teachers during their instructional process. III. Conclusion Based on the foregoing, the writer may have conclusion related to the topic arise. First is to enhance our understanding about the classroom atmosphere and how to treat our students as good as possible. It is also discussed that teacher should have long term goal in doing their teaching and learning if they want to find the effective result showed by their student. To do so, all aspects such as material, technique, performance and other related to teaching and learning process has to be prepared so that as a teacher comes in to the classroom, students also could distinguish their teacher is enthusiastic in delivering the information to the rest of the class. IV. Reference http://wp.matbury.com/task-based-language-learning/ http://jdaviswrites.hubpages.com/hub/Teaching-ESL-10-Common-Classroom-Problemsand-Solutions Pollard, Lucy (2008).Guide to teaching English. E-book.